Math 120 Class Notes Section 2.

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Section 2.1 Introduction to Function.

Relations:
Definition of Relation
A relation is any set of ordered pairs.

• The set of all 1st components of the ordered pairs

is called the domain of the relation.

• The set of all 2nd components

is called the range of the relation.

Ex 1: Find the domain and range of the relation

{ (1,2), (4,5), (5,6), (1, 20)}.

Other Ways to Represent Relations:

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Functions:
Functions are relations but a certain type. (All functions are relations, but not all relations are
functions). A relation in which each element of the domain corresponds to exactly one element
of the range is a function.

Definition of a Function : A function is a correspondence from the first set, called the
domain, to a second set, called the range, such that each element in the domain
corresponds to exactly one element in the range.

Ex2: Determine whether each relation is a function.

𝑎. {(4,5), (6,7), (8,8)} b) {(5,6), (5,7), (6,6), (6,7)} c. {(2,4), (3,5), (4,5)}

Functions as Equations & Function Notation

Let’s use 𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟖 as an example as an example of a function.

• y is a function of x.

• x is called because it can be assigned any number from the domain.

The assigned numbers can be called inputs.

• y is called because it values depend on x. When you plug in a value of x,

you get an output of a y-value.

Function Notation: We don’t use y in function notation. Instead….

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Ex 3: Find the indicated function value or expression:

a. 𝑓(4) 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3 b. 𝑔(−2) 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 1

c.ℎ(𝑎2 ) 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ℎ(𝑟) = 𝑟 3 − 2𝑟 2 + 5 d. 𝐹(𝑎 + ℎ) 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐹(𝑥) = 5𝑥 + 7

Functions Represented by Tables

A. Explain why the table defines a relation. x y=f(x)

-2 5

-1 0
B. Explain why the table defines a function.
0 3

1 1

C. Find the indicated function values 2 4

i. 𝑓(−1)= ii. 𝑓(0) =

D. Find x such that 𝑓(𝑥) = 4.