What is a boiler?

Boilers have an important function in a steam power generation system,

which is to change the water phase into a high-pressure and high-temperature superheat
(satureated) phase, which is then used to rotate the turbine. the process of producing steam is
called "steam raising"

Okay for the basic knowledge that we need to know about boilers, the components are either
the main component or the auxiliary component.

Boiler component we need to now,

Furnace

Downcomers

Economizer

Steam drum

SuperheaterReheater

Desuperheater

Safety valve

Furnace (combustion chamber)

What's the furnace? The furnace is the main part of the boiler where the combustion process
takes place between the fuel (coal, HSD, etc.) and combustion air.
Downcomers

downcomers when viewed from the construction connected directly to the steam drum, it can
be seen the function of the downcomers is to circulate the fluid that is still in the form of water
on the steam drum to the lower header of the boiler header and enter the water wall boiler or
riser

Economizer

Feed water, which is pumped by the boiler feed pump before the drum drum, the previous
water feed passes through the economizer first. here the economizer functions to increase the
temperature of the feed water until it reaches its boiling point, the heater on the econymizer
utilizes the exhaust gas from the boiler that is why the economizer position is located next to
the exhaust gas outlet of the boiler combustion.

Steam Drum

Steam drum is a pressure vessel that holds water from the economizer and steam from
evaporation from the water wall / riser here also the steam drum functions as a separator
between water and steam. the steam itself goes to the superheater while the water drops
through the downcomer to the water wall / riser
Steam drum has an important role in the steam and water circulation system, so the drum level
is very guarded, if the drum level is low it will cause overheating on the water wall side and vice
versa if the drum level is high then the drum water will be carried to the superheater and enter
the turbine .

Superheater

The steam output from the steam drum will go to the superheater on the steam superheater to
be heated further until the steam reaches its working temperature (Design) into Superheated
vapor.

Reheater

The function of the reheater is to reheat the steam output from the High pressure turbine
before being used to rotate the Intermediate turbine. in the reheater who experienced a
change in temperature, while the pressure remained unchanged.

Desuperheater
The function of the desuperheater is to maintain the steam temperature (Main steam) and
reheat steam by injecting pressurized water obtained / taken from the discharge boiler feed
pum so as not to exceed its working temperature

Safety Valve

Safety valve atau katup pengaman berfungsi sebagi media pengaman jika terjadi tekanan yang
berlebih (Over pressure) pada system PLTU safety valve dipasang pada beberapa tempat yaitu
steam drum, Superheater pipe, dan Reheater inlet, outlet pipe