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Cisco three-layer hierarchical model
Because networks can be extremely complicated, with multiple protocols and diverse
technologies, Cisco has developed a layered hierarchical model for designing a reliable
network infrastructure. This three-layer model helps you design, implement, and
maintain a scalable, reliable, and cost-effective network. Each of layers has its own
features and functionality, which reduces network complexity.

Here is an example of the Cisco hierarchical model:

 Here is a description of each layer:

 Access – controls user and workgroup access to the resources on the network. This
layer usually incorporates Layer 2 switches and access points that provide connectivity
 between workstations and servers. You can manage access control and policy, create
separate collision domains, and implement port security at this layer.
 Distribution – serves as the communication point between the access layer and the
core. Its primary functions is to provide routing, filtering, and WAN access and to
determine how packets can access the core. This layer determines the fastest way
that network service requests are accessed – for example, how a file request is
forwarded to a server – and, if necessary, forwards the request to the core layer. This
layer usually consists of routers and multilayer switches.
 Core – also referred to as the network backbone, this layer is responsible for
transporting large amounts of traffic quickly. The core layer provides interconnectivity
between distribution layer devices it usually consists of high speed devices, like high
end routers and switches with redundant links.

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IEEE Ethernet standards
Types of Ethernet cabling

CONTENT #1

 Networking basics
o What is a network?
o OSI & TCP/IP models
o Local area network (LAN)
o Wide area network
o Encapsulation
o Ethernet explained
o Ethernet frame
o MAC & IP addresses
o Unicast, multicast, and broadcast addresses
o Network devices
o Half duplex and full duplex
o IEEE Ethernet standards
o Cisco three-layer hierarchical model
 Cabling
o Types of Ethernet cabling
o Types of Ethernet cables – straight-through and crossover
 IP addressing
o Types of IP addresses
o Classes of IP addresses
o Subnetting explained
o Subnet mask
o Create subnets
o CIDR (Classless inter-domain routing)
 Network tools
o Ping explained
o Traceroute explained
 Network protocols
o TCP/IP suite of protocols
o TCP explained
o UDP explained
o Ports explained
o ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) explained
o DHCP & DNS
o Telnet & SSH
o FTP & TFTP
o SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
o HTTP and HTTPS explained
o NTP (Network Time Protocol)
o APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)
o ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
o IP header
 Cisco IOS
o Cisco IOS overview
o Power on a Cisco device
o IOS command modes
o Get help in IOS
o Running & startup configuration
o IOS basic commands
o show command
o Configure descriptions
o Run privileged commands within global config mode
o Ports on an IOS device
o Pipe character in IOS
o IOS boot sequence
o Backing up IOS configuration
 IP routing
o What is IP routing?
o Connected, static & dynamic routes
o Administrative distance & metric
o Routing protocols
 RIP
o RIP overview
o Configuring RIPv2
o passive-interface command
o RIP loop prevention
o Advertise default routes using RIP
 EIGRP
o EIGRP overview
o EIGRP configuration
o EIGRP automatic & manual summarization
o EIGRP authentication & load balancing
o EIGRP Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP)
o EIGRP Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
o EIGRP summary
 OSPF
o OSPF overview
o OSPF configuration
o Designated & Backup Designated Router
o OSPF authentication
o OSPF summarization
o OSPF summary
o Differences between OSPF and EIGRP
 LAN switching
o Layer 2 switching
o Collision & broadcast domain
o CSMA/CD
 VLAN
o What is a VLAN?
o Configuring VLANs
o Configuring access & trunk ports
o Frame tagging
o IEEE 802.1Q
o Inter-Switch Link (ISL)

CONTENT #2

 ACLs
o What are ACLs?
o Types of ACLs
o Configuring standard ACLs
o Configuring extended ACLs
 NAT
o What is NAT?
o Static NAT
o Dynamic NAT
o Port Address Translation (PAT) configuration
 IPv6
o What is IPv6?
o IPv6 address format
o Types of IPv6 addresses
o IPv6 unicast addresses
o IPv6 global unicast addresses
o IPv6 unique local addresses
o IPv6 link-local addresses
o IPv6 multicast addresses
o IPv6 address prefixes
o IPv6 interface identifier
o IPv6 transition options
o IPv6 routing protocols
o How to configure IPv6
o RIPng
o Differences between IPv4 and IPv6
 Miscellaneous
o Wildcard masks
o Setting up Telnet
o Setting up SSH
o Port security
o Types of memory on a Cisco device
o Configure Cisco router as DHCP server
o Configure NTP on a Cisco router
o Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) overview
o Map hostnames to IP addresses
o Configure Cisco device as DNS client
o Extended ping command
o traceroute command
o debug command
o show processes command
o Configure an IP address on a switch
o Configure interVLAN routing
o Configure ROAS
o Configure static MAC address
o Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
o IOS files
o Configure speed and duplex
o Interface range command
o How to upgrade Cisco IOS
o Copy files with FTP
o show version command
o TCP three-way handshake
o Erasing configuration files
o show interfaces status command
o Configure Cisco router as a DHCP client
o logging synchronous command
o exec-timeout command
o no ip domain-lookup command
o Encrypt local usernames and passwords
o Cisco console rollover cable
o Create a static host route
o Uniform Resource Locator (URL) structure
o The ARP table on a Cisco router

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