A CASE STUDY ON SEWAGE

TREATMENT AND REUSE - A

STEP TOWARDS WATER
CONSERVATION

H.Dinesh Agnihothri (13AG1A0149)

 CONTENTS

 OBJECTIVES
 INTRODUCTION

 SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS

 TREATMENT
 PRIMARY TREATMENT
 SECONDARY TREATMENT

 CASE STUDY
 CONCLUSION
 OBJECTIVES

 TO CONSERVE WATER

 TO REUSE THE TREATED WATER IN AN

EFFECTIVE WAY

 USAGE OF MODERN TECHNIQUES IN

ECONOMICAL WAY
 INTRODUCTION

 CASE STUDY DONE IN NAGPUR

 PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE IN AMBERPET

HYDERABAD

 DIFFERNCE BETWEEEN THE CASE STUDY AND

PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION
SEWAGE CHARACTERISTICS
 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
 Odour
 Temperature
 Colour
 Solid materials

 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
 DO
 BOD
 pH

 BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
 Analysis report at Analysis report at
Effluent Channel Influent channel

PROPERTIES RANGE PROPERTIES RANGE

pH 8.6 to 8.10
pH 7.05 to 7.30
DO 4.2 to 5.50
DO 0.4
Total suspended 11 to 25 Total suspended 380 to 480
solids solids

Volatile suspended 5.2 to 8.4

Volatile suspended 5 to 10
Solids
solids

COD – total
COD- total 50 to 100 620 to 700
BOD – total
BOD- total 9 to 14.5 280 to 310
 TREATMENT
 PRIMARY TREATMENT

 INLET CHAMBER (INFLUENT CHANNEL)

 SCREENING

 COARSE SCREEN
 FINE SCREEN

 DETROITER TANK
INLET CHAMBER(INFLUENT CHANNEL)

AVERAGE INFLOW : 3.92 CUM/SEC

PEAK FLOW : 7.84CUM/SEC
 SCREENING
 COARSE SCREEN : 12mm BARS SPACING
o FINE SCREEN: 10MM BARS SPACING
 DETROITER TANK
REMOVAL OF SAND PARTICLES
RETENTION TIME : 2 to 4Hrs
 SECONDARY TREATMENT

 UASB REACTORS

 FACULTATIVE AERATED LAGOON

 POLISHING POND

 CHLORINATION TANK

 OUTLET CHAMBER (EEFLUENT CHANNEL)

 UASB REACTORS
REMOVAL OF BOD : 50 % to 70%
RETENTION TIME : 8 to 10Hrs
 FACULTATIVE AERATED LAGOON

1st Compartment LIQUID DEPTH : 3.8m

2nd Compartment LIQUID DEPTH : 1.5m
 POLISHING POND

REMOVAL OF REMAINING SUSPENDED PARTICLES.

DETENTION TIME : 12Hrs
CHLORINATION TANK
CHLORINE ADDED : 1ppm to 2 ppm
MAXIMUM CHLORINE ADDED : 6ppm
OUTLET CHAMBER(EFFLUENT CHANNEL)
WIDTH OF CHANNEL : 1000mm
 CASE STUDY

 By SHRIRANG VRUSHALI and CHATTERJEE KAUSTAV

 80% of sewage in India is untreated and flows directly into the

nation’s rivers, polluting the main sources of drinking water.

 Indian cities produce nearly 40,000 million litres of sewage

everyday and barely 20% of it is treated.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS
 METHODOLOGY

 Activated sludge process

 Chlorination

 Filtration
 DUAL MEDIA FILTRATION
 Physical
operation by interposing a
medium through which only the fluid can
pass.

 The fluid passes through is called a filtrate.

 Two types of sand filters are in use:

 Slow filters
 Rapid filters
 Modern water treatment plants now use
rapid dual-media filters.

A dual media filtration consists of a layer of

anthracite coal above a layer of fine sand.

 In
mixed media filters, a third layer
consisting of fine grained dense mineral i.e.
granite, at the bottom of the bed is present.
Dual media filtartion
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM BASED ON THIS RESEARCH STUDY - PROPOSED
TREATMENT SCHEME FOR TREATMENT AND REUSE OF SEWAGE
 RESULTS
Sn. Parameter Value

1. pH 7.2

2. COD 320mg/L

3. BOD 190mg/L

4. TSS 200mg/L

5. Total Coliform 10 MPN/100ml

Inlet characteristics of raw sewage

Treatment Initial Characteristics
BOD COD TSS Total
(mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Coliform
MPN/100
ml

Raw Sewage 190 320 200 107

Activated Sludge 18 65 80 107

Process

Chlorination 8 35 80 104

Dual Media 6 24 10 104

Filtration
Treatment Reduction percentage from initial values

% % COD % %
BOD TSS Coliform

Raw Sewage

After Activated 90.5% 79.6% 60% ---

Sludge Process

Chlorination 95.8% 89.0% 60% 99%

Dual Media 96.8% 92.5% 95% 99%

Filtration
 CONCLUSION

 Theeffective use of dual media filtration

helps in further treatment of sewage water.

 Thetreated water can be reused rather

than flowing it to the rivers or streams.

 Natural
resources can be preserved.
Environmental balance exists.
THANK YOU