(Maths) Solution

SINGLE CHOICE SOLUTION
SOLUTION
1. Purpose : Solving equation in complex numbers using condition of equality to C.N.
Sol. (C)
Let z = x + iy, then
Re  Z2   x 2  y 2  0  x   a &
| Z |2  x 2  y 2  2a 2  y   a .
Hence Z  a  ai
2. (C)
[Sol. We have tan4x + cot4x + 2= 4sin2y 

tanx  cot
2 2
x   4 4
 = 
2
sin

2

y
4 4
 tan2x =
1 and sin2y =
1  tanx = ± 1 and siny = ± 1
But – 3 x  3 and – 3  y  3
 3 
 Acceptable values of x are  and  and acceptable values of y are 
4 4 2
Hence the number of points P(x, y) are 8 Ans. ]
3. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.

Sol. (D)
2
 2 1 
1  1  2010 
 1005
x  x 1 2010


 x  dx
 x 4021
dx =  x 2011
1 1 t
let 1  2010
 t2  2011
 dt
x x 1005
1
 t(1  t) 2 dt
1005 
1  x 2010  1 
 2010
 4020  9x  8x
12060  x 
1005

x 2010  1  3  c 
4. Purpose : Using definition of A.P./G.P./H.P.
Sol. (A)
If a1, a2, a3,....... are in GP
a11/ x1  (a1r)1/ x 2  (a1r 2 )1/ x 3  .........  k
1 1 1
 log a1 k,  log a 2 k &  log a3 k
x1 x2 x3
Clearly x1, x2 x3.............. are in AP.
5. Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle

Sol. (d)
Let P ( x, y ) be any point on the circumference of the circle. Then,
b y a  y
m1 = Slope of PA  & m2 = Slope of PB
ax bx
1
P ( x, y)
450
(a, b) A
1350 B (b ,  a )
P ( x, y)
We have, APB  450 or 1350

b  y a  y

m1  m2 0 or 0  a  x b  x  1
  tan 45 135 b  y a  y
1  m1m2 1 
ax bx
(b  y )(b  x )  (a  y )(a  x )
 (a  x )(b  x )  (b  y )(a  y )  1
 x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2 ; {x  ( a  b)}2  { y  (b  a )}2  a 2  b2
Hence, the equations of the circles are x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2 and
{x  ( a  b)}2 { y  (b  a )}2  a 2  b 2 .
The centres of these circles are O(0, 0) and C ( a  b, b  a )
 Distance between the centre = (a  b) 2  (a  b)2 = 2 a2  b2

= 2 (Radius of either circle).
6. (B)
 3 
[Sol. If   , 2  , then tan  < 0
 2 
Given atan  >1  0<a<1
and b tan  >1  0<b<1
Also a tan  >b tan  (given)  b>a
Hence a < b < 1 Ans.]
7. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using substitution.

Sol. (b)
e4
I   log x.dx put log x  t and solve I  2e4  e  
e
8. Purpose : (i) Application of derivative in analysing monotonic behavior of a function

(ii) Using range of quadratic expressions to find range of inverse trigonometric functions.
Sol. (a)
f  x   x 3  2bx 2  x  d  f '  x   3x 2  4bx  1
For f to be increasing 3x 2  4bx  1  0 for all real x.
3 3
 16b 2  12  0 or  b
2 2
3 3 3 3
Now g  b    sin b    cos b     sin b  cos b 
1 1 1 1
8 2
2
2
3  1   3
 g  b    sin b    .
2  4  32
 1 3
Clearly g(b) is minimum for sin 1 b  i.e. b  , hence min. is
4 2 32
3
 3 13
& maximum for sin 1 b   i.e. b   , hence max. is
3 2 24
9. Purpose : Understanding the domain of combinatorial operator.

Sol. (B)
For 6  x Px  2 to be evaluated, 6  x  x  2  0 & both 6 - x & x - 2 must be Integers
Hence x = 2, 3, 4 which gives
f (x)  4 P0 , 3 P1 , 2 P2 .
10. A
3  x 2  3  (L  x ) 2  3 2 3
[Sol. We have A(x) = 4  9  4   [x + (L – x)2] = [2x2 – 2Lx + L2]
9 =
    36 36
 L  3   L 2 3 L2 L–x
x
 Amin.  x   = 
2   =
 =m 3
x
3 3
L–x
3
 2  4  6  72
L–x
2 2 x 3
3 L 3L 3
Amax. (x = 0 or x = L) =    =M
4 3 36
Hence M = 2m Ans. ]
11. Purpose : Diametric form of equation of a circle/Length of tangent to a circle.

Sol. (a)
Let P( x1 , y1 ) , Q( x2 , y2 ) , R( x3 , y3 ) and S ( x4 , y4 ) be four points in a plane.
The equation of a circle with RS as diameter is
( x  x3 )( x  x4 )  ( y  y3 )( y  y4 )  0
 {P, RS }  ( x1  x3 )( x1  x4 )  ( y1  y3 )( y1  y4 )
Similarly, we have
{P, QS }  ( x1  x2 )( x1  x4 )  ( y1  y2 )( y  y4 )
{Q, PR}  ( x2  x1 )( x2  x3 )  ( y2  y1 )( y2  y3 ) and
{Q, RS }  ( x2  x3 )( x2  x4 )  ( y2  y3 )( y2  y4 )
Hence,
{P, RS }  {P, QS }  {Q, PR}  {Q, RS }  0 .
12. Purpose : (i)Application of integration to find area bounded by a curve.

(ii) Purpose : Integration of a discontinuous/piecewise defined function by splitting the integral into sum of two or
more integrals.
Sol. (a)
0 1
3
Area =  (x  x )dx   (x  x 3 )dx
5
1 0
3
1 1
 
12 4
1
 .
3
13. Purpose : Relations in roots & coefficients of a quadratic equation.

Sol. (B)
    a  2 &    a  1   2  2  a 2  2a  6
2
    a  2 &     a  1   2  2   a  1  5
Hence least value of sum of the squares of the roots of the equation is 5.
14. A
1  sin 2  cos 2 (cos   sin ) 2  (cos2   sin 2 ) (cos   sin )  (cos   sin )
[Sol. f () = 2 cos 2 = =
2(cos   sin )(cos   sin ) 2(cos   sin )
2 cos  1
= =
2(cos   sin ) 1  tan 
1 1 1 1
f (11°) · f (34°) = · = ·
(1  tan 11) (1  tan 34) (1  tan 11) (1  tan(45  11))
1 1 1 1  tan 11 1
= · = · = Ans.]
(1  tan 11) 1  1  tan 11 (1  tan 11) 2 2
1  tan 11
15. Purpose : Locus using geometry/trigonometry & not by coordinate geometry

Sol. (A)
BD  S  b : CD  S  c
 S  b  S  c   2   2  2 S  S  a 
2 2 S  a
  1
S2 S
2a 2a
 2 1 1
S S
1
 aha
2
 1 a
 ha  1  ha  4
S 2 S
16. Purpose :Application of vector products in physical quantities.

Sol. (C)
     
W D = F . S = F . AB  BC ( ) = F . AC
 
F =
24 3
6
i  2 j  k  ; A C =  i  4 j  k . Now proceed ]
4
17. Purpose : Use of eq. of normal in standard parametric form/translating a given parabola to bring it in standard
form
Sol. (d)
Equation of normal in standard form is t  y  2   x  2t  t 3 . If it passes through (10, –1), then t 3  t  10  0 .
Clearly one root is t = 2. Hence one of the normals is x + 2y = 8.
 Locus of A lie on a straight line parallel to BC.
18. (B)
n
r books from the remaining (n – 2) books can be selected in n – 2Cr ways and arranged between A and B in
r! ways, also A and B can be interchanged in 2! ways.
n2
Hence n (E) = Cr · r!· 2! (n – r – 1)!, A B1 B2 ....... B r B (n – r – 2) other books
(n  2)!· 2!· (n  r  1)!· r!

 n(E) = r!(n  r  2)! = 2! · (n – 2)! · (n – r – 1)
2( n  2)!· ( n  r  1) 2(n  r  1)
also n(S) = n! P(E) = = .
n! n (n  1)
19. Purpose : Identifying Locus based on behavior of a variable parameter.

Sol. (a)
If k1  0 , then k2 PB  k3
PA k2
  k 0
PB  k1
k3
 P describes a circle with B as centre and radius =
k2
If k3  0 , then k1PA  k2 PB  0
PA k2
 PB   k  k  0
1
 but if k1  k 2 then P is a straight line

If k1  k2  0 and k3  0 , then
k3
PA  PB  k 0
k1
k3
 It can only be ellipse if  AB
k1
20. (B)
B = – A–1BA
AB = – A(A–1BA)
AB = – BA
AB + BA = 0
(A + B)2 = A2 + AB + BA + B2  A2 + B2
5
21. Purpose : Position of a point with respect to a given conic/Use of S1.
Sol. (d)
x2 y2
For any point be inside an ellipse + < 1 & similarly for circle x2 + y2 < 9.
9 4
 0
22. Purpose : Evaluating a limit of indeterminate form    by transforming into from by algebraic trans-
 0
formations.
Sol. (b)
 
x x x x  x
   
lim x  x  x  x  x  x  x   lim
x    x 
  x x x x  x x
x x x
 lim
x 
x x x x  x x x x x  x
1
1
x 1 1
 lim 
x  4
x x x 1 x x
1  1 1 1
x 2
x x2
23. Purpose : Solving vector equations with the help of DOT & CROSS product.
Sol. (A)
   
(pr  ( r . b)a) . b  b . c  
as a is perpendicular to b hence p r.b  b.c
  
 b.c    c  b.c  
 pr  a  c or r    2  a
p p p 
24. Purpose : Restricted circular permutations.

Sol. (B)
Only one friend invited : 4 = 4
Two friends invited : 6 X 2! = 12
Three friends invited : For {A,B,C}, {A,B,D}, 2 X 3! = 12
For {A,C,D}, {B,C,D} 2 X 2! X 2! = 8
All four friends invited : 3! X 2! = 12
Total number of arrangements = 48.

Sol. (d)
Put t  nx  I   tan t. tan(ln 2  t).tan(  ln 2)dt
  (tan t  tan(t  ln 2)  tan ln 2)dt  ln sec t  ln(sec(t  ln 2))  ln x tan ln 2  c
6
 
 sec(ln x) 
 ln  C
 sec  ln x  x tan(ln 2) 
   
  2 
26. Purpose : Using boundary values in A.M./G.M. inequality

Sol. (D)
a  b  c  d  e  15
b b c c c d d d d e e e e e
a             
2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 1
15
A.M .  1
1 1
3
 b b c c c d d d d e e e e e 15  (120) .50 15
Now: G.M .   a. . . . . . . . . . . . . .    2 3 4 5   1
 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5  2 .3 .4 .5 
b c d e
A.M.=G.M.  a      a  1, b  2c  3, d  4, e  5
2 3 4 5
a 2  b 2  c 2  d 2  e 2  55
27. (B)
[Sol. We have (tan x + sec x) = 2 cos x  1 + sin x = 2cos2x  2 sin2x + sin x – 1 = 0
 (2 sin x – 1) (sin x + 1) = 0
1  5
 sin x = or sin x = –1 (Reject as sec x will not be defined.) Hence x = , .]
2 6 6
28. Purpose : Relating eccentricity with a & b.

Sol. (b)
5cos2   5 25  25cos2  1
3  sin 2  
5 25 2

 .
4
29. Purpose : (i) Evaluation of limit by standard formulae/L’hospital’s rule.

(ii) Application of derivative in analysing roots of a cubic equation.
Sol. (c)
tan  e2x 1  1  tan  e 2x 1  1   e 2x 1  1   2x  1 

lim  lim      1 , i.e. a = 1
x 1/ 2 ln x  ln 2 x 1/2  e 2x 1  1   2x  1   ln 2x 
 
tan  e 2x 1  1 2e 2x 1 sec 2  e2x 1  1

Or by L’hospitals rule a  lim  a  lim i.e. a  1.
x 1/ 2 ln x  ln 2 x 1/ 2 1/ x
Now f  x   x 3  3ax 2  24a 2 x  28  f '  x   3  x  2a  x  4a 
For a = 1, f’(x) = 3(x + 2)(x - 4)
As f(-2)f(4) < 0 hence f(x) has three real roots.
7
30. Purpose : Use of binomial expansion for positive integral index.
Sol. (C)
n r
n  x n  x
n
2 1    Tr + 1 = 2 . Cr  
 6  6
1 1
 2n . nC7 . n n
7 = 2 . C8 .  6 . nC7 = nC8  n = 55.
6 68
31. (C)
 cos 2  sin  cos    cos 2  sin  cos  
AB =  
 sin  cos  sin 2    sin  cos 
 sin 2  
 cos 2  cos 2   sin  cos  sin  cos  cos 2  sin  cos   sin  cos  sin 2  
=  2 2
 cos  sin  cos   sin  sin  cos  sin  cos  sin  cos   sin 2  sin 2  
 cos  cos  cos(  ) cos  sin  cos(  ) 

=  
 sin  cos  cos(  ) sin  sin  cos(  ) 
  –  must be an odd integral multiple of /2.
32. Purpose : Location of roots of a quadratic equation.

Sol. (C)
For roots to be of opposite sign a & c must be of opposite sign hence
k2  3k + 2 < 0
 k  1, 2 
33. Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain specific conclusion.

Sol. (a)
6
As   sin 1 xi  cos1 yi   9
i 1
(sin 1 x1  sin 1 x2  ....in 1 x6 )  (cos1 y1  cos1 y2  ....cos1 y6 )  9 ,

1 
Which is possible only when sin xi  and cos1 yi   , i  1, 2,..., 6
2
 xi  1 and yi  1 ,  i  1, 2,...6
6 6
  xi  6 and  yi  6
i 1 i 1
6
1
 x ln 1  x  e x  e x dx  0 (Using property of definite integral)
2
Now, 6 


odd function
34. Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle/Power of a point w.r.to a circle.

Sol. (c)
We know that If a line through any point P meets a circle in A & B and PT is tangent to the circle from P, then
PA  PB  PT 2 . Clearly if R lies on PQ, then length of tangent to the circle passing through P & Q will be
RP  RQ , which is constant.
8
35. Purpose :Use of reciprocal system of vectors.
Sol. (A)
     
 bc  ca  a b
p  ; q  ; r  

abc  
abc ab  c 
36. Purpose : Reflection/Image of a point or line in a line/Angle bisectors
Sol. (c)
9
y
Image of B in the given line is x  2
 2   2   25   x  4 & y  7 .
3 4 25 2
 7
Now for AP  BP to be maximum A and image of B i.e. B’  4,  must be collinear with P..
 2
Hence P is point of intersection of the given line 3x + 4y = 1 and AB’ i. e. 7 x  4 y  14 .
3 7
Required point is  ,  
2 8
37. Purpose : Distributing n distinct objects in r distinct groups.

Sol. (B)
To distribute 4 prizes in 8 students
84 ways.
38. Purpose : (i) Understanding the techniques of differentiation in tricky problems involving inverse trigonometric
functions where instead of direct differentiation it is advised to use preliminary simplifications.
(ii) Use of properties of logarithmic function.
Sol. (b)
y  tan 1  log ex6  e2 / x 3    tan 1  log e/x12  e 4 x 3  

       
2  log x 3 4  log x 3

1  2log x 3 1  4log x 3
 tan y 
2  log x 3 4  log x 3
1
1  2 log x 3 1  4log x 3
6
 tan y   .
7
Hence dy/dx = 0
39. Purpose : Integration of a discontinuous/piecewise defined function by splitting the integral into sum of two or
more integrals.
Sol. (a)
1 1
 t3 t 2x  1 x
Case : x < 0, f  x    t  t  x  dt      
0 3 2 0 3 2
1 1
 t3 t 2 x  1 x
Case II : x > 1, f  x    t  t  x  dt       
0 3 2 0 3 2
9
Case III : 0 < x < 1,
x 1 x 1
 t3 t2x   t3 t 2x  x3 x 1
f  x    t  t  x  dt   t  t  x  dt           
0 x 3 2 0  3 2 x 3 2 3
1
Minimum value occurs at x 
2
40. (D)
n1 3 n 3
 1  5  1 5
Pn n C1     nC     ......
 6  6  3 6 6
n n n n 1 
1  5 1  5 1 1 2 1 2
Pn          Pn  1     Pn1  1    
2   6 6  6 6 
 2   3  
 2 3 
 
n
2 3 3 2 4 1
2 Pn 1  1      2 Pn  1    2 Pn  1  2 Pn  1 2 Pn  Pn 1 
3 2 2 3 3 3
 6 Pn  4 Pn1  1
41. D
42. Purpose : Use of geometrical properties of a parabola.

Sol. (d)
 1 
Circle having directrix as diameter will have its centre as   , k  .
 4 
Also it passes through (1, 1) & is touching the parabola at this point hence slope of tangent to parabola at this
point must be same as that of tangent to the circle.
Slope of tangent to parabola = 1/2.
2
 1 2 2
Let the circle be  x     y  k   r .
 4 
 1 7 
Normal at (1, 1) is y + 2x = 3, solve this with directrix to get centre as  , 
 4 2
43. Purpose : Standard evaluation of a limit by transformations/Limit of an infinite sum.
Sol. (b)
x (1 x n )
x  x 2 ...... x n 1 x
y(n) = e =e
x (1 x n )
dy(n) 1 x
d  x(1  x n ) 
So, =e × dx  1  x 
dx  
10
x
dy(n) 1
lim = e1 x
n  dx (1  x)2
dy(n)
lim = 4e
n  dx x 1/ 2
44. (c)
45. (C)
Given A2 = A
I = (I – 0.4A)(I – A)
= I – IA – 0.4AI + 0.4A2
= I – A – 0.4A + 0.4A
= I – A(0.4 + ) + 0.4A
hence 0.4 = 0.4 + 
  = – 2/3.
46. Purpose : Parametric coordinates/equation of a chord in terms of eccentric angles of end points.
Sol. (c)
x  y  
Equation of a chord cos + sin = cos
a 2 b 2 2

by  =  + , equation reduces to
2
bx (cos  sin ) + ay (cos  + sin ) = ab  (1)
compare with l x + my =  n  (2)
a
cos   sin    n 
2 2 2 2 2
m b  Squaring and adding gives a l + b m  2 n = 0.
cos   sin    n 

47. Purpose : Nature of roots of a quadratic equation.

Sol. (C)
For roots to be real & equal discriminant = 0
2
Hence b 2  c  a   4ac  b  c  a  b  .
 b 2 c 2  b 2 a 2  4a 2 c 2  2b 2 ac  4a 2 bc  4abc2  0
2
or  bc  ab  2ac  0
Hence bc, ac, ab are in A.P. or a, b, c are in H.P.
11
48. Purpose : To understand properties of modulus of a complex number.
Sol. (A)
Since, the point represented by the complex number z is a point on or inside the circle
centred at z0 and radius ,
 According to given condition, z  1   We know that
z1  z 2  z1  z 2  z1  z 2  z  1  z a  1  
 z  1   …(1), Also,
z1  z 2  ......  z n  z1  z 2  ...  z n
 z1  z 2  ......  z n  2  3  ....  (n  1) {using(1)}
n ( n  3)
 z1  z 2  ......  z n   (n  1)  1  |z1 + z2 + ..... + zn| 
2
49. Purpose : Solving a Linear D.E. using Integrating Factor.

Sol. (d)
dy 2 dy y
x  x  1  y  x 2  x  1    x  x  1
dx dx x  x  1
dx
  x x 1 x
I.F.  e 
x 1
xy x3
Solution is x  1   C and the answer is 6.
  3
50. Purpose : Principal of inclusion & exclusion/dearrangements.

Sol. (c)
Total number of functions : 55.
Number of functiuon such that at least one f(i) = ai : 5 C1  54
Number of functiuon such that at least two f(i) = ai: 5 C2  53
Number of functiuon such that at least three f(i) = ai : 5 C 3  52
Number of functiuon such that at least four f(i) = ai : 5 C 4  51
Number of functiuon such that all five f(i) = ai :1
The number of functions such that f(i) ¹ ai is
55  5 C1  54  5 C 2  53  5 C3  52  5 C 4  51  1  1024
51. (C)
  7    3   15    
[Sol. tan    + 2 tan    – cot     = tan – cot + 2 tan
 2 16  2 8   16  16 16 8
 
sin cos
16  16  2 tan  = – 4 Ans. ]
=
  8
cos sin
16 16
12
52. Purpose : Finding locus by eliminating a variable parameter between x & y coordinates of the moving point.
Sol. (a)
Equation of any such line will be x + 2y 1+ k (2x y 1) = 0
Coordinates of A & B will be ((1 + k)/(1 + 2k), 0) & (0, (1 + k)/(2 k))
1 k 1 k
Mid point of AB => x  2 1  2k  , y  2  2  k 
4x  1 1 2y  1 3 4x  1 2y  1
  ,  3 
2x 1  k 2y 1 k x y
or x  10xy  3y  0
53. Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions.

Sol. (b)
(b + c)cosA + (c + a)cosB + (a + b)cosC = 20
 (b cosA + a cosB) + (bcosC +c cosB) + (a cosC + c cosA) = 20  a + b + c = 20
Now AQ + AR = (AB + BQ) + (AC + CR)
= (AB + BP) + (AC + CP) = AB + (BP + CP) + AC ( AQ = AR = l )
2 l = AB + AC + BC = 20  l = 10.
54. Purpose :(i) Understanding the techniques of differentiation in tricky problems involving Implicit algebraic functions
where instead of direct differentiation it is advised to use preliminary simplifications.
Sol. (c)
1/ 2 1/2 1/ 2
y 2
 x2    y2  x 2   21/2   y 4  x 4   1  y2
55. (B)
 1  tan 2 (2 n )  2
n 
  1  n
cos 2 (2 n )
[Sol. fn() =   1  tan 2 (2 n )  1  tan 2 (2 n )  =
·  cos2 (2·2n )
n 1    n 1

cos 2 2 cos 2 2 2  cos2 23  cos 2 2 n 

= · · ......
cos 2 2 2  cos 2 2 3  cos 2 2 4  cos 2 2 n 1 
cos2 2
fn()k =
cos2 2 n 1 
2  2  2  
cos   cos  12 
    213
  2  2 cos 2    1  cos 2  1  cos  
 
 f10 13 = = = = = Ans.]
2  2  11   2    212   212   211 
cos  2 · 13  cos  
 2  4
56. Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of 3-D geometry/Vector geometry.
Sol. (C)
 i  j  k   
n = ;  =   n = 10 ( i  j  k )
3
   
Now v =   r = 10 i  j  k  x i  y j  z k where r is the position vector of the point whose
   
locus is to be determined .

Hence v = 10 (z  y) i  ( z  x) j  (y  z) k
 
13

  v  = 10 (x  y) 2  (y  z) 2  ( z  x) 2 = 20 2 (x2 + y2 + z2  xy  yz  zx) = 4
 x2 + y2 + z2  zy  yz  zx  2 = 0 .
more integrals.
57. (a)
4
1
  f  x  dx  8  4  2
4
58. (C)
[Sol. y = ( 7 cos x + 24 sin x) ( 7 sin x – 24 cos x) [Quiz]
r cos  = 7 ; r sin  = 24
24
r2 = 625 ; tan  =
7
y = r cos (x – ) . r sin  x   
r2 r2
= . 2 sin(x – ) cos(x – ) = . (sin2 (x – ))
2 2
252 625
ymax =  ]
2 2
59. Purpose : Use of first principal of differentiation to evaluate f ‘(a) instead of differentiating directly when the
function is defined differently at x = a and differently in neighborhood of x = a.
Sol. (c)
As range of {x} is [0, 1) hence when x tends to zero, f(x) tends to 0.
1
 2 1  x 2  2   f  0
x   , x  0 x
Now f  x     x 2   f '  0   lim  
 0
x 0 x
 , x 0
1
Hence f '  0   lim x  2  i.e. 0.
x 0
x 
60. Purpose : General understanding of sequences.
Sol. (B)
2 2
   y 
 n1
2 n1
bn  x 2
= x 
2  n1
y  x  y 
2 n1 2  n1 2 n1
= bn 1an1
bn  1
i.e., an  b (Putting n in place of n  1)
n
b0 b1 b2 bn 1 x  y
 a1a2 ...an  b . b . b ... b  b
1 2 3 n n
61. (D)
[Sol. |sin x cos x| + | tan x + cot x | = 3
14
1
 | sin x cos x| + = 3
| sin x cos x |
1
but |sin x cos x| + 2
| sin x cos x |
hence, no solution (D) ]
62. (B)
x denotes the number on red die
y denotes the number on blue die
then x + y  6 (as the number on green has to be less than or equal to 6)
but x  1 and y  1, hence x + y  4 (using beggar)
x+y+t=4  6C2 = 15 = n(A)
15 5
n(S) = 216 => p= = ; Hence a + b = 77
216 72
63. Purpose : (i) Using shifting the origin.

(ii) Using theory of equations.
Sol. (a)
Shift the origin to (1, 2) so
 x  1 y  2   4  xy  4, P  P ' 1, 4  & Q  Q '  4,1
Now let the circle w.r.to new coordinate system be x 2  y 2  2gx  2fy  c  0 .
Substituting (2t, 2/t) in the equation of the circle gives 4t 4  4gt 3  ct 2  4ft  4  0
Roots of the above equation will be parameters of the points in which the circle & the
hyperbola meet. Let the roots be t1 , t 2 , t 3 , t 3 , where the curves intersect in
 2  2  2
 2t1 ,  &  2t 2 ,  and touch in  2t 3 ,  .
 t1   t2   t3 
2 c 2 2 2
Now t1  t 2  2t 3  g, t1t 2  2t1 t 3  2t 2 t 3  t 3  , 2t1t 2 t 3  t 2 t 3  t 3 t1  f & t1t 2 t 3  1
4
1
where t1  & t 2  2 , hence t 3  1 .
2
Finally g = f = -1/2 & c = -12.
Hence the circle is x 2  y 2  x  y  12  0
Shifting the origin back gives the eq. of the circle as x 2  y 2  3x  5y  4  0 .
64. Purpose : Restricted linear permutations without repetitions.

Sol. (d)
For forming an odd number, the last digit must be 1, 3, 5 or 7 & first digit can’t be zero.
Total number of numbers = 4 X 4 X 3 X 4 = 192.
65. Purpose : Solving a D.E. by separating variables using exact differentials.

Sol. (a)
Given differential equation is
(xy2 + 2x2y3)dx + (x2y – x3y2) dy = 0
dividing by x3y3
15
 1 2  1 1
  2  dx  
  2
 dy  0
x y x  xy y
 ydx  xdy  2 
  2 2
  dx  dy  0  solution is

 x y  x y
1 1
  2 log | x |  log | y | C or 2log |x| – log |y| –
xy xy = C

Sol. (B)
Let the roots of the first equation be  and those of the second equation be , then 
2 2
       4        4 
 a 2  4b  b 2  4a
or a + b =  4.
67. (B)
[Sol. 4  LHS  16
2  RHS  4
hence equality can occur at 4, which is possible if x = , 3, 5  3 solutions]
68. Purpose : Use of parametric relations for the standard parabola.

Sol. (c)
If PQ subtends a right angle at vertex then t1t2  4 .
1 2 4
Now area of triangle OPQ =
2
 t1  2t2  t2 2  2t1   A  4 t1  .
t2
4 4
Using AM & GM we get t1   2 t1   A  16 .
t1 t1
69. Purpose : Properties of binomial coefficients.

Sol. (A)
n
C0 + nC1 + ...... + nCn = 4096  2n = 212
 n = 12
Now greatest co-efficient = 12Cr where r = 6 i.e. 12
C6 .
70. Purpose : Application of derivative to analyse maximum & minimum of a function which depends on a variable
parameter.
Sol. (c)
16x 2  8bx  1
f  x   ln x  8bx  8x 2  f '  x  
x
Now for 16x  8bx  1, discr min ant  64  b  1
2 2
Clearly if b < 1, then f(x) is monotoniaclly decreasing in  0,   .

If b = 1, x = 1/4 is a point of inflection.
b  b2 1
If b > 1, then f(x) has two points of extremum i.e. .
4
16
71. (B)
Multiply R2 by z and R3 by y and use R1  R1 – R2 + R3

Sol. (c)
e
1  ln x
I dx
1 x ln x
Putting (x ln x) = t2, (ln x + 1)dx = 2tdt, we get
e
2tdt
I 
0 t
2 e.
73. Purpose : Family of curves given by general equation of second degree/Condition on general equation of
second degree to represent a circle.
Sol. (d)
Equations of AP, BP & AB are x  2 y  5, y  2 x, 3 y  x .
2
Equation of the required circle will be  3 y  x     x  2 y  5  y  2 x   0 , where  is such that coeff. of
xy = 0 & coeff. of x2 = coeff. of y2. Hence 6  3  0, 9  2  1  2 .
Thus required circle is x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  0 .
74. (D)
           
[Sol. We have F(k) = 1  sin  1  cos  1  sin  1  cos 
 2k   2k   2k   2k 
 2    2     1 
= 1  sin  1  cos  = cos2 sin2 = sin2
 2k   2k  2k 2k 4 k
1 2
Now, F(1) = sin  = 0
4
1 2 1
F(2) = sin =
4 2 4
1  1 3 3
and F(3) = sin2 = × =
4 3 4 4 16
1 3 7
 F(1) + F(2) + F(3) = 0 + + = Ans. ]
4 16 16
75. Purpose : Use of vector addition & section formula.

Sol. (C)
 
Vector equation of AB : r1 = l b
   
 c    c c   4 c
Equation of MN : r2 = +m  2 b  c  = +m  2 b  
3  3 3  3
 
r1 = r2 given
 
 c   4 c
lb = + m 2b  
3  3
1 1
Solving  = ; m= .
2 4
17

b
Hence p.v. of X are
2
 
   b 3b    
Now X N = 2 b  c  = cv  XN = v
2 2

   c  4 c 4  3 b  4 
MN = 2b  c  = 2b  =   c = v
3 3 3  2  3
Hence MN

=
4 
v 
|XN|

=
3
 C.
3
|MN|

4
76. Purpose : Standard equation of a tangent with slope m.

Sol. (c)
x2 y2
For the ellipse  = 1, equation of a tangent with slope m will be
5/3 5/ 2
3 m2 5
y = mx ± 
2 2
As this line passes through (1, 2), hence 4 m2 + 24 m  9 = 0
 m1 + m2 =  6 & m1 m2 =  9/4
2
(m1  m2 )2  4 m1 m2 144
tan  = 2 = .
(1  m1 m2 ) 5
77. (C)
Purpose : using functional substitution to solve Integrals
2
f (2t)
[Sol. We have  f ' (2t ) e dt  5
0
Put ef (2t) =y  2 f ' (2t) ef (2t) dt = dy

ef ( 4 ) ef ( 4)
1
Now  dy  5   dy  10  ef (4) – ef (0) = 10  ef (4) = 10 + e0 = 11
1
2 ef (0)
ef ( 0)
Hence f (4) = ln 11 Ans.]
78. (B)
          
[Sol. y = 2cos  cos cos  = cos  + cos  – 1  cos(  )  = x – 1
 2 2   2 
 (x – y) = 1 Ans.]
79. Purpose : To deal with functional equation in one varible for identifying certain properties of the function.
Sol. (b)
f  x  2   f  x  2   2f  x 
x  x  2  f  x   f  x  4   2f  x  2  ...(i)
x  x  2  f  x   f  x  4   2f  x  2  ...(ii)
(i)  (ii)  2f  x   f  x  4   f  x  4   2  f  x  2   f  x  2  
18
 f  x  4   f  x  4  0
 f  x  8  f  x  4   0
 f  x  8  f  x  4 
 f  x  12   f  x 

Sol. (C)
If 3, 4 or 5 is first digit then total number of such numbers = 3 X 4! = 72
If first digit is 2 & second digit is 4 or 5, then total number of such numbers = 2 X 3! = 12.
81. (D)
1 2 3 2 3 37 61
[Sol.    cot 2   tan 2   1 = by AM-GM in equality. ]
2 3 8 3 8 24 24
82. Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties/transformations.

Sol. (d)
/ 4  /4 / 4
  sin x cos x  dx    sin x cos x  dx  2I   sin x cos 4 x  dx

6 4 4 6 4
I
0 0 0
/ 4 / 2
1 1 3
  sin 2x  dx    sin x  dx  2
4 4
I 11
32 0 64 0
83. Purpose : Inserting A.M./G.M./H.M. between two given elements to form respective series.
Sol. (A)
A5 H 2008
A5 H 2008  A10 H 2003  =1.
A10 H 2003
Sol. (c)
AB = BC = CA = 2
Let BAO    A  (2 cos , 0) , B  (0, 2 sin )

    
BC makes an angle     and AC makes an angle         with x-axis.
3   3 
h k  2 sin  h  2 cos  k
If C  ( h, k ) , then   2 and  2
       
cos     sin      cos     sin    
3  3  3  3 
   
 2 cos  3     h , 2 sin  3     k .
   
 cos   3 sin   h , 3 cos   sin   k
Thus locus of is x 2  y2  1  3xy
19
85. (A)
face cards
52   36 ;
10's (16)
1 1 1 1 1 1
P(E1) = ; P(E2) = ; P(E3) = ; P(E1 E2) = ; P(E1 E3) = ; P (E1 E3) = .
9 4 4 36 36 3
86. Purpose : Relations in roots & coefficients of a cubic equation.

Sol. (C)
Let the roots be ,  &  , then
      p,   2      q &   2  r
or   p,  2  q &  2   r  pq  r .
87. (C)
[Sol. The value of determinant = 2 + 2 sin2]
88. Purpose : Application of L’Hospital’s Rule.

Sol. (a)
By L’Hospital’s rule
Again by L’Hospital’s rule

2f (sin x)  3f (sin 2x)  f (sin 4x)
lim  lim
x 0 x2
2 cos x f '(sin x)  6 cos 2x f '(sin 2x)  4 cos 4x f '(sin 4x)
 lim  lim
x 0 2x
2 cos 2 x f ''(sin x)  2sin x f '  sin x   12cos 2 2x f ''(sin 2x) 
12sin 2x f '  sin 2x   16 cos 2 4x f ''(sin 4x)  16sin 4xf '  sin 4x 
 lim
x0 2
Limit = 3 f   0  i.e. 12.
89. Purpose : Application of theory of equations to deal with concyclic points.

Sol. (b)
2
 
Let these points lie on x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 , now if t , t satisfies this eq., then
t 4   2 g  1 t 2  2 ft  c  0 , where a, b, c & d are the roots of this equation.

Hence a + b + c + d = 0.
90. Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of 3-D geometry.

Sol. (B)
 x – 1 y – 0 z  3
Line AB :   = t (say)
0 1 –2
P will be the point where AB intersects the plane

AB intersects the plane 2x + 3y + 5z = 1
at (1, t, –2t – 3)
20
2(1) + 3(t) + 5(–2t – 3) = 1  t = –2
 P = (1, –2, 1)
AP = 2 5 .
91. Purpose : Identifying a function from data relating function & ints integral.
Sol. (c)
d cos x 1  2 sin x 5 2
 2
 2

dx 2  sin x  2  sin x   2  sin x  2  sin x
cos x dx dx
 5  2
2  sin x  2  sin x 
2
2  sin x .

Sol. (b)
6!
vowels must be in an order, hence total number of words =  360 .
2!
93. Purpose : Use of eq. of normal in terms of slope/Use of theory of equation.

Sol. (d)
The two parabolas are reflections of each other in the line y = x. Hence these will be closest to each other
when they will be closest to y = x i.e.when they will have a tangent parallel to y = x.
Now tangent to the two parabola 4 x  y 2  8 y  40 in

1
standard form will be y  4  m  x  6  . for m = 1
m
this becomes x  y  1 .
1
Now distance between x = y & x - y = 1 is , hence distance between the parabolas will be 2 .
2
94. (A)
Purpose : Application of derivative to find slope of tangent & normal to a curve at any given point on the curve.
dy
Sol. 4y  x 4   x 3 , hence slope of normal at (2, 4) will be -1/8.
dx
Equation of normal will be x + 8y = 34.
21
95. (C)
1 2 2
1 3 4 =0 => 1(3k – 16) – 2(k – 12) + 2(4 – 9) = 0
3 4 k
Or k = 2
96. (B)
1  tan 2 7.5
[Sol. Simplifies to = cos 15°]
1  tan 2 7.5
97. Purpose : Use of concept of family of planes.

Sol. (A)
The required plane will be given by 3x  y  2z  1    x  y   0 i.e.  3    x  1    y  2z  1
As it makes a right angle with 3x + y 2z = 1, hence
3.  3     1. 1     2.2  0    7 .

Sol. (b)
x 2 cos x  sin 2 x x cos x  x  sin x   sin x  x  sin x   x sin x cos x  x sin x
  x  sin x  2
dx   2
dx
 x  sin x 

 x cos x  sin x  x  sin x   x sin x 1  cos x  dx  x sin x  C
2 .
 x  sin x  x  sin x
99. B
1
[Sol. u = sin 27[sin 144  sin 30]
2
1 1
= sin 27 sin 36  sin 27
2 4
1 1
= [cos 9  cos 63]  sin 27
4 4
1 1 1
= cos 9  sin 27  sin 27
4 4 4
cos 9
= Ans. ]
4

Sol. (B)
Let P(x) = ax2 + bx + c, then P(0) = c & P(2) = 2(2a + b + c) c.
As 2a + b + c = 0 hence P(0) & P(2) are of opposite sign which implies there is exactly one root in (0, 2).
101. Purpose : Using the relation T = 0 to write chord of contact.

Sol. (a)
x1 1
Polar of (x1, y1) w.r.to the hyperbola is xx1  2yy1  2 or y  x
2y1 y1
22
x1
Comparing with y = x + c gives  2.
y1
102. Purpose : Use of standard results in terms of eccentric/parametric angle.
Sol. (a)
Tangent at Q() will be x cos  + y sin  = a
Now ST = a e cos  a = a (1  e cos )
a 
Also SP = e PM = e   a cos = a (1  e cos )
e 
Hence ST = SP.

Sol. (A)
For an equilateral triangle Z 2  Z1  Z 3  Z 2  Z1  Z 3  a .
Z 2  Z3 Z  Z3 a 3
Also  Z1 will be length of median as well as altitude i.e 2  Z1  .
2 2 2
2 2
Z 2  Z1  Z 3  Z1 1
Hence sin   2 2  .
Z 2  Z 3  2 Z1  Z 3  Z 2 2
104. (C)

1    n 2 1  
 n 1  n 1 
[Sol. We have  ln 1  2  =   2  =
ln  ln     
n 2  n  n 2  n  n 2  n  n 
 
  n 1  n 1   n 1  n 
=   ln    ln    =   ln    ln   
n 2   n   n  n 2  n   n 1 
 1 2  2 3
=  ln  ln    ln  ln  + ............................
 2 3  3 4
1  n  1
= ln – nLt ln   = ln – ln 1 = – ln 2 Ans.]
  n  1 
2 2
105. (B)
sin A a
[Sol. We have =
c sin B bc
sin B sin C c b
  = 
c b ab ac
b sin B  c sin C c2  b2 b 2  c2 b2R sin B  c2R sin C 
 = a= =
bc abc b sin B  c sin C b sin B  c sin C
 b c a 
 a = 2R  As    2R 
 sin B sin C sin A 

Hence A = ]
2
23
106. Purpose : Shifting the origin/rotating the coordinate system
Sol. (c)
(i) (4,1)  (1, 4)
(ii) (1, 4)  (3, 4)
1 1
(iii) X  x cos 450  y sin 450 = (3  4)  
2 2
0 0 1 7
and Y  x sin 45  y cos 45  (3  4) 
2 2
107. Purpose : Properties of binomial coefficients.

Sol. (C)
1 2
n!
 n
C1  n C 2  .......  n C n  1  =
n!
[2n 1  1] .
210  2
For n = 10, S = .
10!
108. Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = S1.
Sol. (a)
Equation of chord with (h, k) as midpoint will be T  S1 : hx  ky  x  h  h 2  k 2  2h
  h  1 x  ky  h 2  k 2  h
. Comparing this with x  y  3 we get
h  1 k h2  k 2  h
   h 2  k 2  4h  3  0 & h 2  k 2  h  3k  0 . Solving this we get
1 1 3
 h, k    2,1 .
109. (A)
'a' can take only one value i.e. 2
'b' can be 1 or 3 i.e. two values
'c' can be 2 or 4 i.e. two values
and 'd' can take only one value i.e. 5
hence total favourable ways = 1 × 2 × 2 = 4
4 1
n(S) = 64 = 1296 P(E) = = .
1296 324
110. Purpose : Selections of r objects from n distinct objects with repetitions.

Sol. (c)
In a quadratic expression ax2 + bx + c, each of b & c may be selected in 4 ways and a can be
selected in 3 ways(a can’t be zero). Hence total number of ways = 3 X 4 X 4 = 48.
R x
111. Purpose : Integral of type , where P & Q are quadratics.
P Q
Sol. (c)
x2 1 2 x2 1 x 1 x2  x 1
Let  t  2
dx  2tdt or  2 dt
x2  x 1  x 2  x  1  x 2  x  1 x 2  1 x 2  2x  1
x2 1 2 x2  x 1 1
2
 t  
x  x 1 x  2x  1 2  t 2
2
24
x 1 dt x2  1
 dx    I  sin 1 C.
x 2
 x  1 x 2  1 2  t2 2  x 2  x  1
112. (B)
[Sol. We know that in ABC,
A B C
r = 4R sin sin sin ....(1)
2 2 2
r 1
But  (Given) .....(2)
R 8
 From (1) and (2), we get
A B C 1  AB  A  B  C 1
2 sin sin sin    cos   cos   sin 
2 2 2 16   2   2  2 16
But A – B = 120° , so we get
2
1 C C 1 1 C C 1
  sin  sin     sin  = 0  sin 
2 2 2 16 4 2 2 4
C 1 1 7
 cos C = 1 – 2 sin 2 = 1 2 = 1 =
2 16 8 8
7 15
1
1  cos C 8 = 8 = 15
Hence = Ans ]
1  cos C 1  7 1
8 8
113. (A)
Purpose : Application of derivatives to analyse extremum of a function.
b
Sol. A  k     f  x   f  k   f '  k  x  k   dx
a
 b2  a 2 
 A ' k      f "  k   k  b  a  f " k 
 2 
ab
Now A '  k   0  k  .
2
114. (B)
25
115. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using substitution.
Sol. (a)
1/ x
1 ln u
Let t  , then f  x    u  u  1 du
u 1
1/ x 1/ x
ln u ln u
 f  x   dt   u  1 du
1 u 1
1/ x
1 ln u
 f x  f     du
x 1 u
 ln x
1
Now put ln u  v, then f  x   f     v dv
x 0
2
 1   ln x 
 f x  f   
x 2
116. Purpose : Condition of coplanarity of two lines.

Sol. (C)
Let be the point of intersection of the two lines, then
&

Sol. (A)
Discriminant of the first equation is 4a 2 b 2 whereas that of the second equation is 0, which implies that the first
equation has imaginary roots while the second equation has real and equal roots.
Therefor the two equations can not have a common root.
118. Purpose : Identifying a locus by type of equation.

Sol. (a)
2
x  y  a  y  x  a  2 ax   x  y  a   4ax , which represents a parabola, but ax the given
equation is valid only for x  0, y  0 hence it represents a part of the above said parabola.
119. (B)
  3abc  abc 
[Sol. We have ra + rb = 3R  + = 3R = R  
sa sb 4  4 
(s  b  s  a ) 3abc c 3abc 2 3ab

 =  =  =
(s  a )(s  b) 4 (s  a )(s  b ) 4 (s  a )(s  b) 4
 4s(s – c) = 3ab  (a + b + c)(a + b – c) = 3ab
Note : Angles A,C, B are in A.P.
 (a + b)2 – c2 = 3ab  a2 + b2 – c2 = ab
can be converted into more than one
 c2 = a2 + b2 – ab
 a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C = a2 + b2 – ab (As c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C)
1
 cos C =  C = 60° ....(1)
2
26
|||ly from rb + rc = 2R
  (2s  b  c) 2abc 2
   2R     bc
sb sc (s  b)(s  c) 4 (s  b)(s  c)
 2s(s – a) = bc  (b + c + a)(b + c – a) = 2bc  (b + c)2 – a2 = 2bc
 b2 + c2 = a2  A = 90°  B = 30°]
120. (B)
0 1
Det. (D2) = 2 0 ( f (2) = 2  1st and 2nd column = 1)
0 3 1
Similarly Det. (D3) = 3 0 3 ( f (3) = 3  a13 = 1)
3 3 0
Det. (D2) = – 2 ; Det. (D3) = 36
 Det. (D2) + Det. (D3) = 34.
121. (C)
Note that  6 7 8  2  3 4 5   0 1 2 , hence
6 7 8  M  2  3 4 5  M  0 1 2  M
or  6 7 8  M  2  0 1 0  1 0 0   1 2 0
122. Purpose : Dealing with functional equation in two variables to analyse the function satisfying this equations.
Sol. (a)
Replacing x by 0 gives f  y  f   y   f 2  0 
Now differentiating w.r.to y gives f '  y  f   y   f '   y  f  y 
Also differentiating f  x  y  f  x  y   f 2  x  w.r.to x gives
f '  x  y  f  x  y   f '  x  y  f  x  y   2f  x  f '  x 
Now at x = 0, we have f '  y  f   y   f '   y  f  y   2f  0  f '  0 
f ' x  f ' 0

Hence f x  f 0 which is greater than zero.
   
Thus f(x) & f   x  are of same sign.
Now if f(x) is positive than its increasing & if its negative than decreasing.
123. Purpose : Restricted circular permutations.

Sol. (b)
1
Nullify clockwise arrangements with anticlockwise so the total number of arrangements = (9!)
2
124. (A)
a
[Sol. We have ck + bk = a  k=
bc
Also x y = b c k2
27
 A
 2bc cos  2
x 2  = bc a
2
 b  c  ( b  c)
 
 
a 2 sec A
Hence x = 2 = DE ]
2 ( b  c)
125. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties.

Sol. (a)
3  2x  x  1   x  2   tan 1 x  1  tan 1 x  2
tan 1 2
 tan 1    
x  3x  1 1   x  1 x  2 
1 1 1
3  2x
Hence  tan 1 2
dx   tan 1  x  1 dx   tan 1  x  2  dx
0 x  3x  1 0 0
1 1 1 1
  tan 1
  x  dx   tan 1
x dx    tan x dx   tan 1   x  dx
1
0 2 0 2
1 2 2
   tan 1 x dx   tan 1 x dx    tan 1 x dx
0 1 0
126. (C)
[Sol. In triangle AIF and AIE
IF IE IE · IF ID · IE · IF A B C r 1
 AI  ; AI2 =  = sin sin sin = = Ans.]
A A A IA · IB · IC 2 2 2 4R 10
sin sin sin 2
2 2 2
127. (C)
Purpose : Applications of derivative to analyse monotonic behavior of a function.
f '  x  3x 2
      
3
Sol. 10  f x  ln f x   x  f ' x  
f  x  10
3x 2f  x 
 10f '  x  
1 f x
As f(x) must be positive for ln(f(x)) to be defined
f(x) is increasing function.
A lso f(x) = x implies 10[ x + ln x] = x 3 or 10 ln x = x3 – 10x.
Clearly there are two solutions.
28
128. Purpose : Geometry of an ellipse/relation in various characteristics of an ellipse.
Sol. (a)
a2 e2 = 36  a2  b2 = 36 (1)
A
Using r = (s  a) tan in  OCF
2
1 = (s  a) tan 45º when a = CF
2 = 2 (s  a)
= 2s  2a = 2s  AB
= (OF + FC + CO)  AB
AB CD
2 = 6+ +  AB
2 2
AB  CD
= 4  2 (a  b) = 8  ab=4 (2)
2
From (1) & (2) a + b = 9  2a = 13, 2b = 5
 (AB) (CD) = 65.
129. Purpose : Properties of Radical Center of three circles.

Sol. (b)
Radical axis of first & second circle is x 2y + 3 = 0 and that of first & third is 2xy = 3. Solving the two
simulteaneously we get the radical centre as (3, 3).
130. (A)
A  B b A  B c
[Sol. tan   + tan   = – ; tan   · tan   = A
2 2 a 2 2 a
AB
A + B = 90°  = 45° (as C = 90°)
2
B C
b
AB  c b
tan  =1= a ; 1  ; a–c=–b ; a+b=c Ans. ]
 2  c a a
1
a
131. Sol. (C)
Let the number of red faces on the 2nd cube = x
5 x 1 6 x 1
number of blue faces = (6 – x) P (R R or B B) = 1/2 · + · =
6 6 6 6 2
 x = 3.
29
Sol. (C)
For negative roots 1, k  1 & 9k  5 must be of same sign
2
& 4  k  1  4  9k  5 
 k 2  7k  6  0 or k  6 .

Sol. (b)
xdy  ydx
xdy   y 2  xy  y  dx   dx
y y  x
xdy  ydx
 x2  dx
yy 
  1
xx 
y dt dt dt
t  dx       dx
x t  t  1 t 1 t
t 1
 ln  x  ln C
t
x
y .
1  Ce x
134. (C)
134. Purpose : Using definition of A.P./G.P./H.P.
2
Sol. a + c 2b and 2ac  b  bc .
Eliminating c from these two equations, we get
a 2  4ac  3c 2  0 or a  3c .
135. (D)
 
[Sol. in 1st case r = cot ; R = cosec
5 5
 
2nd case r1 = cot ; R1 = cosec
7 7
 2  2 
 A1 = (R2 – r2) =   cosec  cot  = 
 5 5
30
 2  2  
|||ly A2 = (R12 – r12) =   cosec  cot  =  ]
 7 7   A1  A 2 Ans.


136. Purpose : Restricted linear permutations of repeated objects.
Sol. (b)
As vowels cant be arranged with consonants so words must be formed by arranging vowels with vowels &
6! 4!
consonants with consonants. Total number of words =  .
2!2!
 3!

consonants vowels
137. (A)
Length of diagonals =  5a  2b    a  3b 
and  5a  2b    a  3b 
138. Purpose : (i) Simplifying an implicitly defined function to rule out multiple possibilities based on domain.
(ii) Applications of derrivatives to define behavior of a given function.
Sol. (c)
Let f(x) = y, then x 1  y  y 1  x  0  x 2 1  y   y 2 1  x 
1 1
 f  x   x or  1 , but f(x) = x doesnot satisfy the given relation hence f  x   1.
x 1 x 1
1
Now f '  x    2 .
 x  1
Hence f(x) has no extremum.
139. Purpose : Using parametric coordinates.

Sol. (b)
 c  c  c  c
Let the points be P  ct1 ,  , Q  ct 2 ,  , R  ct 3 ,  &S  ct 4 ,  .
 t1   t2   t3   t4 
1 1 1
Now m PQ   & m RS   . m PQ m RS  1   1
t1 t 2 t3t4 t1 t 2 t 3 t 4
1
Also m OP m OQ m OR m OS  .
t1 t 2 t 3 2 t 4 2
2 2
140. Purpose : To prove that a variable line passes through a fixed point by obtaining a linear relation in m & c.
Sol. (b)
Let the variable line be y = mx + c, then
m  1  c 3m  1  c 4m  4  c 2m  c
As given    0
m2  1 m2  1 m2  1 m2  1
 2m  1  c  0
Hence the equation of line becomes y = mx + 1 – 2m or y – 1 = m(x – 2)
Hence the line passes through (2, 1).
31
141. (C)
[Sol. In any ABC, angle subtended by the side BC at orthocentre and incentre are
 BC
B + C and 180° –   respectively..
 2 
 BC
Now, B + C = 180° –  2  (Given)
 B + C = 120°  A = 60°
Similarly, B = C = 60°
 ABC is equilateral. ]
142. Purpose : Tricky use of differentiation & algebraic manipulations.

Sol. (d)
Putting x = 0 in the given equation,
We have f(0) = f (3) and putting x = 1, we get f(1) = 1 + f (1) + f (2) + f (3).
Thus f(1) – f(0) = 1 + f (1) + f (2). Also differentiating the given equation, we have
f (x) = 3x2 + 2xf (1) + f (2)
f (x) = 6x + 2f (1), f (x) = 6
Thus, f (3) = 6 and f (2) = 12 + 2f (1). Putting x = 1 in (i), we have
f (1) = 3 + 2f (1) + f (2) = 3 + 2f (1) + 12 + 2f (1)
= 15 + 4 f (1)
 f (1) = –5 and so f (2) = 12 – 10 = 2.
f(2) = 23 + 22f (1) + 2f (2) + f (3)
= 8 + 4(–5) + 2(2) + 6 = –2
143. Purpose : Solving a reducible to Linear D.E. using substitution & Integrating Factor.
Sol. (D)
dy dy
2  tan x sin 2y  sec x 1  cos 2y   sec 2 y  tan x tan y  sec x
dx dx
dt
Let tan y = t, then  t tan x  sec x
dx
Above equation is a linear D.E.
I.F.  e 
tan x dx
 sec x
Solution is t sec x   sec 2 x dx  C or tan y sec x  tan x  C .
144. Purpose : Use of binomial expansion to check divisibility.

Sol. (D)
3400 = 81100
= (1 + 80)100
= 100C0 + 100C1 80 + ....... + 100C100 80100  Last two digits are 01.
145. Purpose : Use of eq. of normal in terms of slope/Use of geometrical properties of a parabola..
Sol. (a)
2

Parametric coordinates of any point on the given parabola are 1  t ,1  2t . 
Let the circumcircle be x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 , then substiting these coord. in this equation gives
t 4   6  2 g  t 2  4 1  f  t  2  2 g  2 f  c  0 .......1
Also eq. of normal in standard form will be t  x  1  y  1  2t  t 3 .

32
. Substituting (9, 5) gives t 3  6t  4  0 .....(2).

Now three of the roots of (2) are also the roots of (1). Hence
t1  t2  t3  t4  0  t1  t2  t3  t4  0
t1t2  t2t3  t3t1  6  2 g  6   g  6
t1t2t3  4 1  f   4   f  2
146. (B)
Use R2  R2 – R1 and R3  R3 – R1 and expand.
147. (D) A
[Sol. We have
x2 = z2 + b2 –2bz cos  [By cosine rule]  x
2 2 2
y = x + c –2cx cos  c b
P
z2 = y2 +a2 – 2ay cos  y
On adding, we get
 z 
2( cx + ay + bz) cos  = a2 + b2 + c2 ...........(1) C
B a
Also area of ABC == area ( PAB) + area ( PBC) + area ( PAC)
1
 = ( cx  ay  bz ) sin  ....(2)
2
4
 From (1) and (2) , we get tan  = Ans. ]
a  b2  c 2 2

Sol. (b)
4
Equation of tangent with slope  will be
3
4 16
y   x  18   32 i.e. 4x  3y  24 .
3 9
x-intercept = 6, y-intercept = 8.
area of triangle = 24.

Sol. (D)
For integral roots primaryly discrminant must be a perfect square, hence 1  4n  k 2 .
Such values of n are 0, 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, 42, 56, 72, 90.
150. (C)
Purpose : Use of monotonic behavior to distinguish in critical points of a function especially when second derivative
test can’t be applied.
Sol. (c)
n m n 1 m n m 1
f  x    x  1  x  2   f '  x   n  x  1 x  2  m  x  1  x  2 
n 1 m 1
 f '  x    x  1  x  2    m  n  x  2n  m 
n 1 m 1
As m & n are even numbers hence  x  1 & x  2 change sign at x = 1 & x = 2 respectively. Also f’(x)
m  2n
changes sign at x  . Sign scheme of f’(x) is as shown below
mn
33
Hence f(x) has two points of minimum & one point of maximum.
151. Purpose : Geometrical interpretations using given relations in terms modulus & argument.
Sol. (B)
2
z12  z 22  z12  z22  2z1 z2  z1  z 2 z1  z 2  z1  z 2 .
Hence either z1  z 2  0 or z1  z 2  z1  z 2 , but (z1  z2)
z  
z1  z 2  z1  z 2  arg  1    & z1 is purely imaginary..
 z2  2 z2
152. Purpose : Restricted linear permutations when one or more certain objects has fixed positions.
Sol. (c)
Words starting with A, T, E, R = 4 X 4! = 96
Words starting with WAE or WAR = 2 X 2 = 4
Next word will be water.
153. D
A B C B C
[Sol. We have r1 – r = 4R sin  cos cos  sin sin 
2 2 2 2 2
A BC
 7 – 1 = 4R sin cos 
2  2 
A A
 6 = 4R sin2 = 12 sin2
2 2
A 1 A 1
 sin2 =  sin =
2 2 2 2
A  
   A= ]
2 4 2
154. (A)
Sol.
If then ,
hence
155. Sol.(A)
/ 3M
5 \
2W
n(S) = 5C3 = 10 n(A) = 3C1 · 2C2 = 3
 P(2W and 1M) = 3/10
3 2 1
So, Probability of 2W and 1M & chair person being woman = · = .
10 3 5
34
156. Purpose : Family of curves having similar equations.
Sol. (b)
From the two equations we get  2x 2  3y 2  6     x 2  a 2 y 2  a 2   0 .
For this to be the equation of a circle   2  a 2   3  k .
2 2 k 9
Equation of circle will be x  y 
k
k 9
Now 4 k 3
k
   2  a 2   3  3    1& a 2  6 .
157. Purpose : Formula of Reflection in a plane.

Sol. (B)
2x + 3y + 4z + 1 = 0 …..(i)
x + 2y + 3z – 2 = 0 …..(ii)
Now reflection of ax + by + cz + d = 0 in a ' x  b' y  c'z  d '  0
 2 2
 2
  aa ' bb ' cc '  a 'x  b ' y  c 'z  d '  a '  b '  c '  ax  by  cz  d 
 
2  2  6  12  x  2y  3z  2   12  2 2  32  2x  3y  4z  1
4  x  2y  32  2   14  2x  3y  4z  1
12x  38y  64z  94  6x  19y  32z  47 .
158. Purpose : (i) Range of a composite function f(g(x), using the analysis of range of g(x) & monotonic behavior of
f(x).
(ii) Range of a function in a bounded (on both the the sides/one side) domain.
Sol. (b)
2 16
Let 2x  1  y , then f  y  2.
y
16
f '  1  f ’ is negative if y lies in (4, 4) & positive otherwise.
y2
Now range of ‘y’ is  2,   . In this interval f is decreasing in (2, 4) & then increasing.
Hence least value of f will occur when y = 4.
Minimum value of f is 10.
159. Purpose : Use of eq. of normal in terms of slope.

Sol. (b)
Normals to the two parabolas are y  mx  2am  am 3 & y  m  x  b   2cm  cm 3 .
If the normal is common, then 2am  am3  bm  2cm  cm3
b  2c  2a b
 m2  0 2.
ac a c
35
160. Purpose : Application of integration to find area bounded by a curve.
Sol. (a)
1
 1   1 
A  2    1
2     dx    2 .
0  1 x   1 x2 
161. Purpose : Orthogonal circles/Angle of intersection of two circles.

Sol. (b)
5
Centre of the variable circle will lie on the line x   .
2
Also applying the condition of orthogonality with the first circle we get c  5 .
 5  3 5 
Hence equation of all such circles will be x 2  y 2  5 x  2 fy  5  0 .  , 0  satsfies the aqbove eq.
 2 
for all values of f .
162. (D)
[Sol. Three non collinear points form a triangle and the line joining the mid
points of any two sides is equidistant from all the three vertices. ]

Sol. (A)
Let P  x   x 2  x  2a , then for exactly one root in (0, 1]
P(0).P(1) < 0 or P(1) = 0 & P(0) <0.
 2a  2  2a   0 or 2  2a  0 & a  0
 1  a  0
164. Purpose : Application of theory of location of roots of a quadratic expression in analysis of a cubicfunction.
Sol. (c)
f  x   x 3  3px 2  3  p 2  1 x  1  f '  x   3x 2  6px  3  p 2  1
Now for the extremum of the function, f  x   x 3  3px 2  3  p 2  1 x  1 to lie in the interval
( 2, 4) both roots of x 2  2px  p 2  1  0 must lie in ( 2, 4).
Now x 2  2px  p 2  1  0  x  p  1
2  p  1  4  3  p  3 &  2  p  1  4  1  p  5
Hence 1  p  3 .
36
165. Purpose : Distributing ‘n’ identical objects in ‘r’ distinct groups.
Sol. (a)
Number of positive integral solutions of x + y + z + w = 50(w may be zero also) is 50 C3
Number of positive integral solutions of x + y + z + w = 19(w may be zero also) is 19 C3 .
166. (C)
BC
b  c 2  3 tan 2 2 3
    BC bc A
[Sol. b  c 2  1 tan B  C tan B  C   using tan 2  b  c cot 2 
   
2  2 
1
 B – C = 45°. But B + C = 150°  C = 52 Ans.]
2
167. (D)
Given a11 = a22 = a33 = a + b
a12 = a23 = ab; a21 = 1 = a32, all others are zero.
a  b ab 0
Det (A) = 1 a  b ab = (a2 + b2)(a + b)]
0 1 ab
168. Purpose : Equation of tangent in parametric form.

Sol. (c)
Equation of tangent : bx cos   ay sin   ab
2
 bx cos   ay sin   2
2 2
Homegenising x  y  a gives x  y  
2 2 2
 a
 ab 
or  b 2  b 2 cos 2   x 2  2abxy cos  sin    b 2  a 2 sin 2   x 2  0 .
As this equation represents mutually perpendicular lines,
b 2  b 2 cos 2   b 2  a 2 sin 2   0
or e 2 1  sin 2    1
169. Purpose : Manipulating the given data to obtain required conclusions.

Sol. (d)
Clearly to meet any of the sides the lines must be as shown in the figure
Hence range of slope is between slope of OA & slope of OB.

i.e. 1/4 & 2.
37
170. Purpose : Use of condition of tangency/Eq. of tangent to a translated parabola.
Sol. (a)
2
The given eq. may be rewritten as  x  1  4  y  3 . Hence equation of tangent in standard form will be
t  x  1  y  3  t 2  tx  y  t 2  t  3 .
171. Purpose : Sum of series involving binomial coefficients.

Sol. (C)
20 19 10
Coefficient of x10 in  C0  3  x   C1  3  x   ....  C10  3  x  
20 20 20
= x10 in (3 + x – 1)20
= x10 in (2 + x)20
= 20C10. 210

Sol. (D)
2
4
Area bounded by y = x , x = 0, y = 4 is 4   x 2 dx 
2
0 3
m
m3 m3
Area bounded by y = x2 & y = mx is   x 2 dx 
2 0 6
4 m3

Hence 3 6  7  m  1.
3
m
6
173. Purpose : Application of Newton-Leibnitz theorem to differentiate a definite integral.

Sol . (b)
By Newton-Leibnitz theorem 3f 2  x  f '  x   x f 2  x  or 3 f   x   x .
Hence f(x) = x2/6 + C, but f(0) = 0 implies C = 0.
2
x
Therefore f  x   ,
6
Now the area bounded by y = f (x), the x-axis and the ordinate at x = 3, is
13 2
A  x dx  3 / 2 .
60
38
174. Purpose : Equation of a hyperbola by its definition.
Sol. (c)
Comparing with the standard form of hyperbola having (h, k) as focus, ax + by + c = 0 as the corresponding
2
2
directrix & eccentricity ‘e’ i.e.  x  h    y  k   e
2 2  ax  by  c  , we get  Focus (3, 1),
a 2  b2
Directrix 4x + 3y = 0 & e = 5.
Now transeverse axis will be perendicular to directrix & passing through the focus, hence equation of the transverse
axis of the hyperbola will be 3x  4y = 13.

Sol. (a)
 n 1 
 n 1 
An   x sin x dx  sin x  x cos x n   2n  1  .
n
176. (B) A
[Sol. We have ar. ( ABC) = ar. (PBC) + ar. (PAC) + ar. (PAB) F E
z
y
3 2 1 1 1 P•
 (4) = (4) (x) + (4) (y) + (4) (z) x
4 2 2 2
 4 3 = 2 (x + y + z)  x+y+z= 2 3 B C
D
Hence 2
(x + y + z) = 12 ]
177. (C)
a d
[Sol. We have = (By sine rule in  BCP)
sin( 90    ) cos 
B
a cos(  ) cos  cos   sin  sin 
 = = 90
d cos  cos  – 
a P
 = cos  + tan  sin  ....(1) a 90 + 
d
d
1 cos  sin  
or =  tan  
d a a C b A
a
But tan  =
b
1 cos  sin   a 
 =   
d a a b
1 cos  sin 
Hence =  Ans. ]
d a b
178. Sol.(A)
P (A  C) = P (A) P (C)
1 1 1 1 1
= P (C)  P(C) = now P(B  C) = + – P (B  C),
20 5 4 6 4
3 1 1
hence P(BC) = – = = P(B)P(C)  events B and C are independent
8 3 24
39
179. Purpose : Application of CROSS Product/Vector equation of a plane.
Sol. (A)
  
The vector equation of the plane passing through points ( a )(b) & (c ) is
         
 
r. a  b  b  c  c  a   a b c 
  
a b c 
 
Therefore, the length of the perpendicular from the origin to this plane is given by      
ab  c a  bc

Sol. (D)
For each of the three equations to have equal roots
4a 2  4b, 4b2  4c & 4c2  4a
Multiplying the three relations gives a 2 b 2 c 2  abc .
a, b, c are the roots of the equation x 8  x
 not all a, b, c are integer . One of them will be imaginary
181. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using integration by parts/obtaining reduction formula.
Sol. (b)
   sin  2
in  0,  , 
 2  
n
sin  2 / 2 / 2 
  I n   e  n sin  d   e 2  d
  0 0
/ 2
2   2n  n
2   
4
 In    e    1  e 
n  0 n  
2  1 
lim n k I n  lim 1  n / 4 
n  n  n1k  e 
lim n k I n  0 as k  1 .
n 
Now n k I n can not be less than zero hence the limit must be zero.
182. Purpose : General properties of combinatorial operator.

Sol. (b)
2n 1
Pn 1 3
 
 2n  1!  n  1!  3
2n 1
Pn 5  n  2 !  2n  1! 5
2  2n  1 3
or 
 n  2  n  1 5  3n 2  11n  4  0  n  4
183. Purpose : Coefficients of expansions other than binomial expansions.

Sol. (A)
putting x = 1 and  1 and adding
25
a0 + a2 + ...... + a50 =
325  1
=
1  2  1
2 2
40
25 25
25C 0  C1 . 2  C 2 . 22  25
C 25 . 225  1
=
2
=

2 1 25
C1  25
C2 . 2  ......  25
C25 . 224  = 2 [13 + 25C2 + ...... + 25C25 . 223] even.
2
184. Purpose : To identify a function if data relating to critical points & type of function are known.
Sol . (b)
2
Since p  x   0 let p  x   ax  bx  c
Now p  2   0 gives 4a  2b  c  0 ……..(1)
and p(3) = 9 gives 9a  3b  c  9 ………(2)
Also p '  2   7  4a  b  7
Solving 1,2 and 3 we get a = 2, b = -1 & c = 6.
185. (A)
1  e    e 2(   ) 1  e   e 2(  ) 1  e   e2(  ) 1 e e 2 1 e  e 2

1  e2   e4  1  e    e 2(   ) 1  e    e2(   )  1 e  e 2  1 e e 2
1  e    e 2(   ) 1  e 2  e 4  1  e   e2(  ) 1 e e2  1 e e 2
2
  e  e   e   e   e  e  e  e  e  e    0 .
Sol. (b)
x  y  
Equation of chord : cos    sin    cos  
a  2  b  2   2 
 
cos  
 2  e 1  
As it passes through (ae, 0), hence e    tan tan .
 e 1 2 2
cos  
 2 
187. (D)
[Sol. We know that in ABC, sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sinA sinB sinC
 sinA sinB sinC = 1 – cosA cosB
1  cos A cos B
 sin C = 1
sin A sin B
 cos(A – B)  1 i.e. A – B = 0
 
Hence C = , A = = B Ans.]
2 4
188. Purpose : Selecting four integers in A.P.

Sol. (A)
Let the numbers be a  d, a, a + d & a + 2d, then as given
2 2
a  d   a 2   a  d   a  2d  3a 2  a  2  d 2  d   0 .
41
Now as a & d are integers hence 3a 2  a & d 2  d , which implies 3a 2  a & d 2  d .

Hence a = 0 & d = 1, which gives the numbers as 1, 0, 1 & 2. Sum of squares will be 6.
189. Purpose : Using classical definition of monotonic behavior & to analysis monotonic behavior of one function
given that of another which is interdependent on the former.
Sol. (b)
f   x   0 implies f   x  is an increasing function
1 1
4  
2
2
2
 
g '  x   .f ' 2x  5  4x   f ' 7  x  2x 
g '  x   x f '  2x  5   f '  7  x 

2 2
Case I : x  0  f '  2x  5  f '  7  x   2x

2 2 2 2
5  7  x
Hence x   2,  
 2
 
Case II : x  0  f ' 2x  5  f ' 7  x
2
  2x 2
5  7 x
2
Hence x   2, 0   g is increasing in  2, 0    2,  
Sol. (b)
tan 6x tan 4x tan 2x  tan  6x  tan  4x  tan  2x   tan 6x  tan 4x  tan 2x
12  tan 2x tan 4x tan 6x dx  2 ln  sec 6x   3ln  sec 4x   6 ln  sec 2x   C
 sec 2 6x 
I  ln  3 6 C
 sec 4x sec 2x 
191. (C) A
c b a c 55°
[Sol. We have    k (let ) b
sin 110 sin 15 sin 55
110°
Now, c2 – a2 = k2 (sin2 110° – sin2 55°) B 15°
a C
= k2 (sin 110° + sin 55°) (sin 110° – sin 55°)
165 55 165 55
= k2(2sin cos ) (2 sin sin )
2 2 2 2
= k2 sin 165° sin 55° = (k sin 15°) (k sin 55°) = ab Ans. ]

Sol. (A)
Let P  x   x 2  ax  b ,
then as given P  0   0 & P 1  0 , hence roots are of opposite sign.
193. Purpose : Selections of points to form a geometrical shape.

Sol. (c)
To form a triangle we need to chose two points on one line & one point on the other line.
42
Total number of triangles = 5 10 C 2  10 5 C 2  325 .
194. Purpose : Area of triangle/angle between two line

Sol. (c)
m2 
Let the slopes of these lines be m & -1/m, then m will be given by   tan
1  2m 4
1
Hence m  3, 
3
The lines are 3x  y  1 & x  3y  7 .
Points of intersection of these lines with the given line are  2,5  &  4,1 .
Required area is
1 1 2
1
A 1 2 5 5
2 .
1 4 1
195. Purpose : Finding locus by eliminating a variable parameter

Sol. (a)
Eliminating t between the given equations gives y 2  3 y  x except when t = 1.
196. (D)
 1    1
A  1 =  2  ....(1)
   
 1  1
and A2  1 = 0 ....(2)
   
a b a b  1    1 a  b   1
Let A be given by A =  c d  ; hence  c d   1 =  2  ;  c  d  =  2 
          
The first equation gives
a – b = – 1 ....(3) and c – d = 2 ....(4)
1  1   1  1
For second equation, A2  1 = A A 1  = A  2   = 0 .
        
This gives – a + 2b = 1 ....(5) and – c + 2d = 0 ....(6)
(3) + (5)  b = 0 and a = – 1
(4) + (6)  d = 2 and c = 4
so the sum a + b + c + d = 5 Ans. ]
197. Purpose : Orthogonal circles/Condition of tangency.

Sol. (b)
A ll the circles touching the line x + y = 5 at the point (–2, 7) can be represented as
2 2
 x  2   y  7    x  y  5  0  x 2  y 2     4  x     14  y  53  5  0 .
If this cuts the circle x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 orthogonally, then
4   14 53  5  9
2   3     3.
2 2 2
43
3 2
Hence the required circle is x 2  y 2  7 x  11 y  38  0 , and radius is .
2
198. Purpose : Geometrical applications of D.E.
Sol. (c)
dy
 2x  4  y  x 2  4x  c As the curve passes through (2 , 12) hence c = 0.
dx
0 7
 x  4x  dx 
2
Now .
1 3

Sol. (A)
y 5
Locus of Q is the line of intersection of the planes x  2y  3z  4 and x  y  z  3 i.e. x   z  2.
2
200. (B)
[Sol. x(y + 3) – 2(y + 3) = 0
(x – 2)(y + 3) = 0
lines are x = 2 and y = – 3
3rd line is
x y
 1
2 3
 3· 2 6 5  13
r= = = = Ans. ]
s 2  3  13 5  13 2
201. Purpose : Applying first principal of differentiation to evaluate limits of form 0/0.
Sol. (a)
f  x  f  y
f  x   f  y   x2  y2   x y
x y
f  x  f  y
 lim  2 y  f '  y   2 y  lim f '  y   0 .
x y x y y 0
202. Purpose : Rotation of a point represented by given complex number.

Sol . (B)
z  3  4i  5
2 2
  x  3   y  4   25
R is (3,7)
203. (C)
x
C1 · 10  x C1 8 x (10  x ) 8
 10 =  =  x = 6 or x = 4
C2 15 45 15
44
since given that number of black balls is more than red balls
 number of BB = 6 number of RB = 4
4
C2 39
now P(E) = 1 – P(R R)= 1 – 10 = .
C2 45
204. (C)

[Sol. Consider F(x) = cot cos 1 (| sin x |  | cos x |)  sin 1 (  | cos x |  | sin x |) 
But |sin x | + |cos x|  [1, 2] xR
 
 F(x) = cot (cos–1(1) + sin–1 (–1)) = cot  0   = 0 = g(3) (As F(x) = 0,  x  DF ) ]
 2
205. (C)
1 x2  k 1 (k  1)
[Sol. We have  2 <1  1– 2 < 1  x R  k + 1 > 0
2 1 x 2 x 1
k 1 1
So k > – 1 and 2 
x 1 2
 x2 + 1  2k + 2
So 2
x – (2k + 1)  0 x R  4(2k + 1)  0
1 1
 k– . Hence k=– Ans.]
2 2
206. Purpose : Identifying locus of a point based on well known geometrical prpositions.
Sol. (c)
Let the base be AB, C be the vertex & I be the incenter.
Now let AB = 2c & BC + CA = a + b are given.

As par given data locus of C will be an ellipse with A & B as focii & (a + b)/2 as major axis.
 2c.h 2c.k 
Let A(-c, 0) & B(c, 0). If C is (h, k) then I will be  , 
 a  b  2c a  b  2c 
As a + b + 2c & c are constant so locus of I will also be an ellipse.
207. Purpose : Application of Derivatives in establishing inequalities/comparing values of a function of x for two values of x.
Sol. (a)
ln x b
Consider the function f  x   . a  ba  f  a   f b  .
x
1  ln x
Now f '  x   , hence f is increasing in (0, e) and decreasing in (e,  ). Hence if
x2
a < b and f(a) = f(b),then 0 < a < e, which implies a = 1 or 2. But a = 1 gives b = 1, hence only possible value
of a is 2 and corresponding valu of b is 4.
45
208. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution/exact differential.
Sol. (b)
 e2
ln   2
 ln x
dx 
e ln x
dx 
 ln x
dx 
e ln x
dx 
0
 y    e dy 
0 x 2  e2 0 x 2  e2 e x 2  e2 0 x 2  e2 e  2 2  y 
e 2
  e
y 
 ln x e ln x e 2  ln y e 2
 2 2
dx   2 2 dx   2 2 dy   2 2 dy
0 x e 0 x e 0 y e 0 y e
e
 ln x 4 y  
 2 2 2
dx  tan 1      1.
0 x e e e0 e e
209. (B)
[Sol. Draw graphs and interpret ]
210. Purpose : Selections of r objects from n distinct objects with restrictions.

Sol. (d)
Total number of handswhakes = 2n C2
Total number of handshakes of couples = n
2n
Total required number of handshakes = C2  n = 2n(n - 1) = 264
n = 12.
211. Purpose : Differentiation of ITF and used of Monotonocity.

Sol. (c)
2f (x).f '(x)
 2x  0
1  (f (x))4
d

dx
 sin 1 (f (x)2 )  x 2   0
Let g(x)   sin 1 (f (x) 2 )  x 2  is a non-decreasing function.
 lim g(x)  lim g(x)

x  x1 x x 2
 
  x12   x 22
2 6

 x12  x 22 
3
212. Purpose : Relation in eccentricities of a pair of conjugate hyperbolas.

Sol. (b)
Eq. of this line will be e ' x  ey  ee '  0 . If it touches the given circle, then
 ee ' 1 1 1 1
 r , but for conjugate hyperbolas 2
 2  , hence r 2   4  r  2.
2 2
e  e' e e' 4 1 1

e2 e '2
46
Sol. (C)
Let the roots be a d, a, a + d, then
a d + a + a + d = 12 implies a = 4.
Now (a d).a + a.(a + d) + (a + d).(a d) = 39 implies d = 3.
Hence the roots are 1, 4, 7.
Now k = product of roots i.e. k = 28.
214. Purpose : (i) relating characteristics of a function with those of its derivatives?integrals.
(ii) Evaluating a definite integral using properties.
Sol. (a)
Here as f is even hence f” will also be even and hence x3f(x) & xf”(x) are odd functions. The integral reduces to 8.
215. (D)
 1   1 
[Sol. Given expression =   cos (cos 2)    sin (sin 2)
2  2 
 1   1   1   1 
+   cot (cot 4)    tan (tan 4) +   cosec (cosec 6)    sec (sec 6)
2  2  2  2 
–1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1
= sin (sin2) – cos (cos2) + tan (tan4) – cot (cot4) + sec (sec6) – cosec (cosec6)
= ( – 2) – 2 + (4 – ) – (4 – ) + (2 – 6) – (6 – 2) =  – 4 + 4 – 12 = 5 – 16.]
216. Purpose : Using polar form of complex numbers in problems involving multiplication/powers.
Sol. (C)
1n
We have S  1     2  ....   n1 
1 
 n   n 
But,  n  cos    i sin    1
 n   n 
2
Thus, S 
1
    2      
But, 1    1  cos    i sin   = 2sin    2i sin   cos  
n n  2n   2n   2n 
        
= 2i sin    cos    sin   
 2n    2n   2n  
1
2       
Thus, S   cos   i sin    = 1  i cot  
2i sin( / 2n)   2n   2n    2n 

Sol. (c)
Let the line be x/a + y/b = 1, where 3/a + 24/b = 1, a > 0 & b > 0.
3b
Required is a 2  b 2 to be minimum when a 
b  24
47
2 9b2 9b 2  216 
Let f  b   b  2
, then f 2  b   b 2   2f  b  f '  b   2b 1  
 b  24  b  24 
2
  b  24 3 
 
Now f’ (b) = 0 => b = 30 & a = 15
PQ = 15 5 .
218. (A)
 3 4  3  4 1 0
BC = 2 3   2 3   BC = 0 1 = I
    
A A 1 1
tr(A) + tr   + tr  2  + ....... = tr(A) + tr(A) + 2 tr(A) + .......
2 2  2 2
t r (A )
= 1  1 2  = 2 tr(A) = 2(2 + 1) = 6.
219. Purpose : (i) Application of Intermediate value thorem.

(ii) Properties of definite integrals.
Sol. (a)
b b
 1
As f(x) is bounded and  1  t 2 dt is finite, hence by the property  f ( x ) g ( x ) dx  f ( c )  g ( x )dx for f(c)
a a
being a number of (fmin., fmax.) on interval (a, b), we get

 1
g  x   f  x, c   dt  g  x   . f  x, c  . Hence g(x) is contiuous everywhere.
 1  t 2

Sol. (B)
multiply the expansion of (1 + x)n by x, differentiate w.r.t. x, again multiply by x and again differentiate.
Put x = 1 to get 2n  2 (n2 + 5n + 4).
221. (B)
 
[Sol. We have f(x) =  – cot–1 x – tan–1 x + sec–1 x =  – + sec–1 x = + sec–1 x
2 2
As domain of f (x) is (– , –1] [1, ) As cot 1
(  x )    cot 1 x 
    3 
 Range of f (x) is  ,     ,  .]
2   2 
222. Purpose : Use of condition of tangency/Eq. of tangent in terns of slope/Translated parabola.

Sol. (a)
1 1 m2 m2
y  4  m  x  2   m2 & y  12  m  x  4   m2  2m  4   4m  12   m  8.
4 4 4 4
Hence common tangent is y = 8x + 4.
223. Purpose : Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of 3-D geometry.
Sol. (B)
Any point on the given line is  7  3, ,5  2 
48

Hence PQ   4  3  i     2  j   5  4  k
Now if PQ is parallel to the given plane that it must be normal to i  4j  3k , hence
 4  3  i     2 j  5  4 k  .i  4j  3k   0

  4  3   4    2   3  5  4   0 or   2
 
Hence PQ  2i  4j  6k  PQ  2 14 .
 
224. Purpose : Geometrical applications of D.E/Use of Polar coordinates.
Sol. (a)
 /2 1  /2 2 1
 r d   r d  r cos .r sin 
 2  2
/ 2 r 2


 2r  r  d  2 sin 2
2
dr dr
  r 2  2r   r sin 2  r 2 cos 2   r tan    sec  cos ec
d d
 r cos   ln  cos ec  cot    c
 x 2  y2  x   x 2  y2  x  x  x 2  y2  x   x
 x  ln   e & e
 y   y   y 
     
 2x  y  e x  e x  .
225. Sol. (B)

P (number chosen is odd) = 3/5
P (number chosen is even) = 2/5
ab + c is even
E: (ab + c) is even ;
note that event E can occus in two cases
E1 : all the three number a, b and c are odd;
3
3 27
P(E1) =   =
5 125
E2 : c is even and atleast one of a or b is even
2  9  2 16 32 59
P(E2) = · 1   = · = P(E) = P(E1 or E2) = P(E1) + P(E2) = .
5  25  5 25 125 125
226. Sol. (D)

1 R and 2 R and 3 R and 4 5 R
5! = 4W + 3W + 2W + + all 5 wrong
none used

one way
hence at least 2 in wrong = 120 – 1 = 119
49
227. (D)
 1    
[Sol. As > 1  cot  cot 1 1   cot 1  = 0.7856 .........(i)
3 3 4 3 4
 1 1  1  1  
As   sin  sin 1 =  sin  = 0.7856 .........(ii)
4 2 4 2 4 4 4
2 2  2 
As  2  sec 1  sec 1 2   sec 1  ~_ 1.0476 .........(iii)
3 3 3 3 3
Clearly  <  < .]
228. Purpose : Defining composite function for piecewise defined functions.

Sol. (d)
Range of ‘g’ is R and domain of ‘f’ is Also R, hence fog is defined.
Range of ‘f’ is 0,   and doman of ‘g’ is R, hence gof is also defined.
Sol. (c)
L et P(x, y) divide AB in the ratio 1 : 2, where A is (12 cos , 0), B is (0, 12 sin ) & being the angle BAO.
Now x  8 cos  & y  4sin  .
x 2 y2
Eliminating  gives the required locus as   1.
64 16
2b 2
L.R.   L.R.  4 .
a

Sol. (b)
y  y
f  f ' 
dy y x xdy  ydx  x  dx
     
dx x y x2 y x
f '  f 
x x
f 't dx
 dt   , y
f t x where t = y/x.  ln  f  t    ln x  ln c  f    kx .
x
231. Purpose : Reflection/Image of a point or line in a line/Angle bisectors geometry of triangles.

Sol. (a)
Coordinates of C will be image of A in 2x + 3y + 5 = 0 i.e.  3, 4  .

Sol. (D)
For both the roots to be greater than 1,
2
P(1) > 0, 4  p  7   4p 2  0 & p 7 > 1.
Hence p > 8.
50
234. (C)
By the property of inverse matrices (A) is true.
A–1 = A–1I = A–1 (AB) = (A–1A)B = IB = B  (B) is true.
Similarly B–1 = A  (C) is true.
235. (B)
 
   
 4 
 1   1 
1 1
[Sol. We have f (x) = sin–1  2  = sin   = sin  2 
 4 x  12 x  17  17
 x 2  3x    3  17
   
 4  x  2  4 
  
 2 
   As x 2  3x  17   x  3   2 [2, ) 
Hence f (x)   0,  , so co-domain = Range
 6  4  2 
 
Also y = 4x2 – 12x + 17 is many one function.
Hence f (x) is surjective but not injective.]

Sol. (D)
k
16
 8x  x5  dx 
2
 16k3  k 6  17 . Hence no value of k.
1
3
237. (C)
 2
2  except   and 0  (cosec–1d)2  
2
[Sol. As 0  (sin–1a)2  , 0  (cos–1b)2 2, 0  (sec–1c)2 2  4 
4  4
5 2
So 0 < (sin–1a)2 + (cos–1b)2 + (sec–1c)2 + (cosec–1d)2 
2
5 2
 (sin–1a)2 + (cos–1b)2 + (sec–1c)2 + (cosec–1d)2 = (Given)
2
2 2
 (sin–1a)2 = , (cos–1b)2 = 2, (sec–1c)2 = 2 and (cosec–1d)2 =
4 4
Hence (sin–1a)2 – (cos–1b)2 + (sec–1b)2 – (cosec–1d)2 = 0 ]
238. Purpose : Classical definition of limits/First principal of differentiation.

Sol. (c)
Clearly p = –1 and
hn nh n 1 0 
lim g(x) = lim g(1  h) = lim  lim
= h 0  form 
x 1 h 0 h 0 m log cosh m tan h 0 
n h
=  lim  h n 2  1
m h 0 tan h
The last limit is non zero only if n = 2 and so n/m = 1  m = 2.
51
239. Purpose : Manipulating given data to derive specific conclusions.
Sol. (b)
 dy   x e dx  y   x  2x  2 ex  c .
2 x 2
Point on the curve (0, 1) gives c = -1.

2
 x
Hence the curve is y  x  2x  2 e  1 . 
Clearly x = 1 gives y = e  1.
240. (D)
[Sol. For domain of f(x), we must have –1  [x]  1  –1  x < 2, so set A = [–1, 2)
2  1   1 1  
f (x) =  sin [ x ]    As tan [x ]  cot [ x ]   x  A 
 2  2 
So, set B = {0, 1, 2}= Range of f (x)
Now A B = [–1, 2) {0, 1, 2} = [–1, 2]
Hence number of integers in (A B) = 4 Ans.]

Sol. (a)
a
a 2 1
 y2  1
2 1  a  8A
 1  y  dy  3
2
A   2  dy   a2  a  1  0 . Now for a to be real and positive
0 a  a a2 1 4  3A 2
2
a 1
2
 8A  3A 2  4a  4 3A 2  4A  4 2
 2 
 4  2
 0 or 2
00A .
 4  3A  4  3A 4  3A 3
242. (D)
Multiply R1 by a, R2 by b & R3 by c & divide the determinant by abc. Now take a, b & c common from c1, c2
1 1 1
2
b b  1 b2
2
& c3. Now use C1  C1 + C2 + C3 to get (a2 + b2 + c2 + 1) = 1.
c2 c2 c2  1
Now use c1  c1 – c2 & c2  c2 – c3 we get 1 + a2 + b2 + c2 = 1  a = b = c = 0.
243. (C)
For each game 4 persons are needed .
Hence select 4 from 8 in 8C4 way .
Now from each selection 3 games can be had  8C .3.
4
244. (A)
 x  x x 6 12
[Sol. We have sin 1    0    = 1  1  <2  x
6   6  6  
 x = 2, 3 only.
Hence two integral solution will satisfy above equation. ]
52
245. Purpose : Properties of DOT & CROSS products.
Sol. (D)
  
2 | a |2  | b |2 2a.b 1
sin   ; 2sin 2   1  cos  ; cos   
4 2
  
   2  2   2 | a |2  | b |2 2a.b 2  2 cos  3
 
a a b  a ab 
4

4
 .
4
246. Purpose : Dealing with function defined using functional equations/relations.

Sol. (a)
1  e f ( x)  1 x 
f ( x)
 x  f  x   ln  .
1e 1 x 
 2a 
 1  2
 2a  1  a2 1 a 
Now f  2   ln    ln    2 f a ,
 1 a   1  2a 2  1 a 
 1 a 
hence f(x) will satisfy the given relation for all a  D f i.e. (, 1).
247. Purpose : Using definition & properties of elements in A.P./G.P./H.P.

Sol. (b)
x3 – Kx2 + 14x – 8 = 0 product of roots, a3 = 8
Now substitute a = 2 in the given equation to get the value of k.

Sol. (B)
1
    1  sin ,    cos 2 
2
2
Hence  2   2  1  sin    cos 2   2  2sin  .
249. Purpose : Formation of a differential equation representing a family of curves.

Sol. (b)
Equation of all the circles having centre on x - axis and passing through origgin will be x 2  y 2  2ax  0 .
dy
xy a 0.
dx
y 2  x 2 dy
Eliminating a gives  .
2xy dx
250. (B)
250. Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = S1/Homogenising equation of a curve by its chord.
Sol. (b)
Let the mid point be (h, k), then eq. of chord will be hx  ky  h 2  k 2 (T  S1 ) .
2 2
Homogenising the equation of circle gives  h 2  k 2   x 2  y 2   4  hx  ky 
Now if the chord subtends a right angle at the origin, then Coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0
53
2
 2  h 2  k 2   4h 2  4k 2  0   h 2  k 2  h 2  k 2  2   0 .
Hence the required locus is x2 + y2 = 2.

Sol. (d)
Equation of tangent with slope m : y  mx  5m 2  3
As it passes through  
7 , 1 , 1  m 7   5m 2  3
 m 2  7m  1  0 . Hence m1m 2  1 .
Tangents are mutually perpendicular.
252. Sol. (C)

3 3
A = event that the item came from lot A, P(A) = =
3 2 5
B = item came from B, P (B) = 2/5
D = item from mixed lot ' C ' is defective

P(D) = P (D  A) + P (D  B)
3 2 2 1 8
= P(A). P(D/A) + P(B). P(D/A) =     .
5 5 5 5 25
253. (D)
253. Purpose : Angle between two lines/slope of unknown line.
Sol. Point of trisection of AB, nearer to B is (5, 4), now the required line passes through (5, 4) and makes an angle
45º withAB.
Possible slopes of the required line are 3 & 1/3.
Now for anti clockwise rotation slope must be 1/3.
Hence required eq. is x + 3y = 17.

Sol. (b)
Note that the three lines are tangents to the given parabola, hence orthocentre of this triangle
will lie on the directrix. Hence the chord of contact will pass through focus i.e. (2, 0).
255. (D)
1 x2 
[Sol. We have f (x) =  
 sin 1 log 4 x  sin 1
 4x 

 
2 
Clearly domain of f (x) is x = 1 only, so f(1) = 0  sin 1    .
4 6

Hence range of f (x) is   Ans. ]
6
54
256. Purpose : Identifying characteristics of a function given as a definite integral using differentiation of a definite
integral.
Sol. (a)
b b
1 
As f(x) is bounded and 
1 t2
dt is finite, hence y the property  f (x)g(x)dx  f (c)  g(x)dx for f(c) being
a a
a number of (fmax., fmin.) on (a, b), we get

1 
g  x   f  x, c   dt  g  x    f  x, c  .
 1  t 2
Hence g(x) is contiuous everywhere.
257. Purpose : Equation of tangent in parametric form.

Sol. (a)
2x y
equation of tangent will be   1,
3a 3b
a 3
hence xintercept is & yintercept is b 3
2
1 a 3
   b 3  3a 2 ,
2 2
b b2
hence  4  e 2  1  2  17 .
a a
258. (B)
9, 8 & 7 can be placed in 9 X 8 X 7 ways.
There are only five ways to place the 6 (any where except the right most remaining slot) and the order of 1 - 5 is
fixed.
259. Purpose : To co-relate argand plane & cartesian coordinates.

Sol. (D)
For mutually perpendicular lines sum of complex slopes = 0.

Sol. (d)
Let O be the Origin, then ac = bd implies OA.OC = OB.OD, which is geometrical property of chords (drwan
from a point) of a circle. Hence A, B, C & D lie on a circle.
261. (D)
[Sol.  sin–1(x) is defined for [– 1, 1]
 a=0

 x + y = sin–1 1 + cos–1 1 – tan–11 =
4

Clearly image about x axis will be x – y = ]
4
55
262. Purpose : Finding specific relations in differentiation.
Sol. (c)
2x  1 2y  y '  2x  1
y2 = x2 + x + c  y '   y"  2
 2y3 y"  2y 2  yy'  2x  1
2y 2y
1 2
 2y 3 y"  2  x 2  x  1   2x  1  3 /2.
2
263. (B)
[Sol. Let tan–1u =   tan  = u
tan–1 v =   tan  = v
tan–1w =   tan  = w
s1  s 3 0  (11) 11
tan ( +  + ) = 1  s = 1  (10) = =1
2 11

  +  +  = tan–1(1) = Ans.]
4
264. (D)
a b  d  b adj. A
If P =  c d  then adj. P =   c a  also A–1 = det . A
   
A 5 
1
 2A  1  5  4 2A  1
   4 A  =
2A 2  A  20
1A 5   A  5 B 14 D
 2  4 2 A 1  2A  2 C =  E F 
2A  A  20 
A 2  5A  10 10
The gives, = 14  A = 3 or –
2A 2  A  20 3
265. (A)
[Sol. sin–1 (sin 3) + tan–1 (tan 3) + sec–1 (sec 3)
=–3+3– +3=3 ]

Sol. (A)
  1  2  3 
n  n  1C 0  n 1
C1 .  1    n 1
C2 . 1    n 1
C 3 .  1    ...... 
  n  n  n 
= n  n 1
C0  n 1
C1  n 1
C2  n 1
 
C 3  ...... + n 1
C1  2 . n 1
C2  . . n 1
C3  4 . n 1

C 3  ......
nd n-1
Here the first factor vanishes and for 2 factor consider expansion of (1 + x) , differentiate w.r.t. x and put
x = 1 to get S = 0.
56
267. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution/complimentary pair of functions.
Sol. (d)
a2
2 2 1
x a 2
 x 4  a 2 x 2  a 4 dx    a 2 x2 dx
2
 x    3a
 x 
a2  a2 
Let x   t, then  1  2  dx  dt
x  x 
2 2
1 1 1 x  a
 f x   dt  tan c
t 2  3a 2 3a 3ax

f  a   0  c  0 & lim f  x   a 3
x  6
268. Purpose : To understand periodic behavior of integral powers of ‘i’ & powers of a complex number.
Sol: (D)
Given expression can be rewritten as
n n n n
E = 1  i  1  1  i  1  1  i  2  1  i  2 , now
 n  n
i n i i n i
n /2 n/2
1  i  2e  1  i   2
4
e 4
& 1  i  2e 4
 1  i   2 e 4
n n n/ 2  i n4 i
n
  n  2/ 2 n
Hence 1  i   1  i   2 e  e 4   2 cos
  4
n /2 n1 n 
=> E = 2 1 .2 cos  2n 2 / 2.2 cos 2 = real
4 4
None of the givenm conditions are neccessary.
269. Purpose : Application of definition of continuity at a point.

Sol. (c)
If f(x) is cont. at x = a, then lim f  x   f a   0 .
xa
log e (1  3f (x)) 3f '  x  3

Hence lim  lim  .
x a 2f (x) x  a 2f '(x)(1  3f (x)) 2
270. (D)
270. Purpose :Finding equation of a line in vector form.
Sol. Required line, say r  a  t is perpendicular
to b and O lies on given plane
a  t  c  ld has solution for t, l.
(a – c).b
 l=
b.d
Point of intersection has position vector
57
(a – c) . b
r0  c  d Required line : r  a   ( r0 – a) .
b.d
271. (D)
[Sol. f (x) + f (–x) = 2
now (sin–1(sin 8)) = 3 – 8 = y
and (tan–1 (tan 8)) = (8 – 3)
hence f (y) + f (– y) = 2
given f (y) =   f (– y) = 2 –  Ans.]
272. (A)
Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.
Sol. (a)
 1 x 
ln 
ln 1  x   ln x  x  dx
 1  x  x dx    1  x  x 2
 x 
 
1 x  1 1
Let ln    t, then  dx  dt
 x  1  x x2
x
2
ln 1  x   ln x 1   1 x 
 dx    t dt    ln    C
1  x  x 2   x 
Sol. (d)
x  y     ae
cos + sin = cos
a 2 b 2 2 a
   
cos = cos
2 2
 
cos 2 2 sin 2 sin   sin 
e= . = ]
  sin (  )
cos 2 2 sin 2
274. (B)
    y
[Sol. Given (cot–1x) (tan–1x) +  2   cot–1x – 3tan–1x – 3  2   > 0
 2  2
(0,) y=
 1    1 
 cot–1x  tan x  2    3 tan x  2   > 0 y=3
 2  2 y=2
 1  1  y=0
 As tan x    cot x  (cot3,0) (cot2,0) O(0,0)
x
 2 
 (cot x – 3) (2 – cot x) > 0  (cot–1x – 3) (cot–1x – 2) < 0
–1 –1 –1
Graph of y = cot x
–1
 2 < cot x < 3 cot3 < x < cot2 –1
(As cot x is a decreasing function.)
Hence x  (cot3, cot2) ]
58
275. (A)
Purpose : Application of derivatives to compare two functions or values of a function at two points using monotonic
behavior
Sol. (a)
ex ex  x  t 
Let f  x   t , then  
f ' x  . Hence f(x) is minimum at x = t.
x x t 1
t
x e
t
 f  x   f  t   e  x   . Clearly if e x  x t for all positive x, then t < e.
t
276. (A)
Total – no of ways in which he does not select any question from any one section 12C5 – 3 · 8C5
277. (B)
a 13
[Sol. On solving, we get =  13 + 7 = 20 Ans.]
b 7
278. (B)
[Sol. We have a + b + c = 1
ab + bc + ca = 3
and abc = – 4
Let tan–1a = ; tan–1b = ; tan–1c = 
 = + + 
(a  b  c)  abc 1  4 5 25 29 m
tan = 1   ab = =  sec2= 1  sec = =
1 3 2 4 2 n
Hence m + n = 31 Ans.]
279. (C)
D[(R  R) + (B  B) + (G  G) + (O  O) + (V  V)]
P(R) · P(R/R) + P(B) · P(B/B) + .........
1 2 2 2 2 2 1 5 1
      = · = .
5 6 6 6 6 6 5 3 3
280. Purpose : (i) Application of intermediate value thorem.

(ii) Definition of ONTO function.
(iii) Range of a quadratic expression.
Sol. (d)
f(x) is a quadratic polynomial which can’t have its range as an interval open on both ends, hence the given
function can not be onto.
281. (D)
1 x y  xy x2 y2
[Sol. We have cos  cos 1 =     1  2 1  2 = – sin 
a b 2 ab a b
xy x2 y2
 + sin  = 1 2 1 2
ab a b
59
On squaring both the sides, we get
x 2y2 2 +
2xy x 2 y 2 x 2 y2
 + sin sin  = 1 –  
a 2b 2 ab a 2 b 2 a 2b2
 b2x2 +a2y2 + 2ab xysin= a2b2cos2  a2b2 ]
282. (C)

[Sol. Consider F(x) = cot cos 1 (| sin x |  | cos x |)  sin 1 (  | cos x |  | sin x |) 
But |sin x | + |cos x|  [1, 2] xR
 
 F(x) = cot (cos–1(1) + sin–1 (–1)) = cot  0   = 0 = g(3) (As F(x) = 0,  x  DF ) ]
 2

Sol. (b)
As per geometrical properties of parabola OQ = PQ.
Let the eq. of axis be y = mx + c, then coord. of P will be (c/m, 0). As O is the origin
hence Q will be (c/2m, 0).
Let A be (h, 2), then eq. of OQ will be my + x = mh + 2.
P Q O
Substituting coord. of Q in this gives c = 2m2  2m.

Hence eq. of axis becomes y = m(x  2)  2m2.
This in standard form is tangent to (x2)2 = 2y.
284. Purpose : Finding range of a composite function by defining domain.

Sol. (b)
 5 1
 , x
 x  1  x2   4 2
f  x   sin 1 x  sin 1  
 
 2   3 , x
1
 4 2
285. (A)
[Sol. For domain of f(x) = 3 cos1 (4x )   , we must have
 1 1
cos–1 4x   4x  x .......(1)
3 2 8
1 1
Also –1  4x  1  x ........ (2)
4 4
 1 1
 From (1) and (2), we get x   ,  ]
 4 8
60
286. (D)
b
[Sol. We have b sin–1 x + b cos–1 x = ...... (1)
2
and –1 –1
a sin x – b cos x = c...... (2) (given)
b
 On adding (1) and (2), we get (a + b) sin–1 x = +c
2
b a
c c
–1 2 –1 2
 sin x = . Similarly cos x =
ab ab
ab  c(a  b)
Hence (a sin–1 x + b cos–1 x) = ]
ab
287. Purpose : Periodicity of a composite function

Sol. (b)
Period of f  sin x  will be same as that of sinx.
288. (C)
[Sol. We have 1 + sin (cos–1 x) + sin2 (cos–1 x) + ........  = 2
1 1 1

 1
1  sin cos x  =2 
2
 
= 1 – sin cos 1 x  sin (cos–1 x) =
2
 3
 cos–1 x =  x = Ans. ]
6 2
289. (D)
 1 tan x 
A =   tan x 1 

hence det. A = sec2x
 det AT = sec2x
now f (x) = det. (AT A–1)
= (det. AT) (det. A–1)
= (det. AT) (det. A)–1
det . (A T )
= =1
det .(A )
hence f (x) = 1.
290. Purpose : Perpendicular distance/Family of lines/condition of concurrency

Sol. (d)
1 1 2
If the given lines are concurrent, then 2 1 1  0  p  5q  3r  0 .
p q r
4r
Also distance of 2px + 3qy + 4r = 0 from origin is .
4p  9q 2
2
61
4
Let q/r = k, then from the given condition d  2
.
4  3  5k   9k 2
Now d’ = 0 => k = 60/109, hence -2p/3q = -3/10.

Sol. (c)
y x
sin 60 = sin 30  y = x 3 and x  
3 1 = + 1  x= 1
 r1 = x = and r2 = 2.
292. (B)
m – n = 10C5 – 9C5 = 252 – 125 = 126 = 9C5 or 9C4
293. Purpose : Finding unknown vector.

Sol. (B)
a  OA ; OB  b = b1 i + b2j + b3k (final position )
| b |  | a | = 3 ;  = angle between a , j
2 2
a . j = 1 ; sin  = ; b. j = 3 sin  etc
3
294. (C)
 3  3 6
[Sol. We have tan–1  x   – tan–1  x   = tan–1
 x  x x
 3  3 
 x   x   
 x  x  6 9
 tan–1  
–1
3   = tan x  x2 – =0  x4 = 9
3  x2
 1   x   x   
  x  x
Hence (5x8 – 4x4 + 7) = 5(81) – 4(9) + 7 = 405 – 36 + 7 = 412 – 36 = 376. ]
295. (C)
295. Purpose : Conditions of tangency to various curves in terms of slope.
Sol. Clearly x = 4 is tangent to all.
296. Purpose : Range of slopes of tangents.

Sol. (b)
x2 y 2
Range of slope of any tangent to 2  2  1 is
a b
 b b 
 ,  a    a ,   i.e. for given hyperbola  , 2    2,   .
   
Hence least angle will be between the two assymptotes.
4 1 4
 tan    i.e.   tan .
3 3
62
297. Purpose :Applications of derivatives & integrals in defining a curve given data about tangent / normal to the
curve.
Sol. (b)
dy  dy 
Normal at a point (h, k) will be  y  k    x  h   0 . It will meet x - axis at  h  k , 0  . As given
dx  dx 
dy
x y  x 1
dx
 ydy  dx  y 2  2 x  c . As it passes through origin hence c = 0, which gives the parabola y 2  2 x ,
whose latus rectum is 2.
298. Purpose : Family of curves/Identification of locus from general equation of second degree.
Sol. (c)
If two lines meet coordinate axes in four distinct cocyclic points then product of thier xintercepts must be equal
to product of yintercepts.
2  k 2  k  4  k  0 , 2 . But for k = 0 the lines become parallel to the coordinate axes, hence there
is only one such k.
299. (B)
[Sol. Let S = 7 + 19 + 39 + 67 +...... + Tn
S = 0 + 7 + 19 + 39 +.......... + Tn-1 + Tn
(Subtracting) – – – – – – –
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Tn = 7 + 12 + 20 + 28 +...... + (Tn  Tn  1)
( n  1)
=7+
2
[ 24 + 8 (n  2) ] = 4 n2 + 3
4 1 1
 Tn = tan 1 = tan 1 = tan 1
2
4n  3 n  3
2
4 
1  n2  1
4 
= tan 1  2  
 n1  n1
2   = tan  1
1  n
   tan 1

n 
1

 
1 n  1 n  1
 2 2    2  2
  1 1 1 1
Hence S =  Tn =  tan 1 = tan 1 1 + tan 1 + tan 1  tan 1 = tan–11 + cot 1 3 ]
n 1 2 2 2 3 2
300. (A)
x3 x5 x2 x3
[Sol. We must have x –  – ........ = x + + + ......
4 16 2 4
x x 4x 2x
 =  =  2x2 (x + 2) = 0
x2 x 4  x 2 2x
1 1
4 2
 x = 0, –2 ( As 0 < | x | < 2 )
Clearly, no value of x satisfies given equaton. ]
301. (B)
denoted drawn ball is black
63
denotes the drawn ball is white
Now,
Now,
302. (D)
Purpose : Limit of a piecewise defined function by evaluating LHL & RHL separately.
Sol. (d)
x  0 – (i.e., approaches 0 from the left), [x] = –1.
 lim f (x) = lim 1  sin(1) = –1 + sin1

x 0 x 0 1
whereas, if x  0+, we get
 f(x) = 0  xlim
0
f (x) = 0
Thus, lim
x 0
f (x) does not exist
303. Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties.

Sol. (d)
x y x s  y s
for x = y = s = 0, f     f     f    gives f(0) = 0.
z z z t z t
s
Now x  y  0 &  x  f (0)  f (x)  f (  x)  f ( x)  f (x)
t
hence f(x) is an odd function.
f (ln 2012) f (ln 2012)
cos xesin x cos xesin x
 1  e2sin x dx   1  e2sin x dx  0 .
f   ln 2012   f  ln 2012
304. (D)
   sin 1 x 
[Sol.  –  sin–1x   –  
2 2 10 5 10
  
and tan x  1 for any x    ,  ]
 10 10 
305. Purpose : Using A.M./G.M./H.M. inequality to establish algebraic inequations.

Sol. (a)
Using G.M.  A.M. we get
1 1 1
a 2  b2  c 2 a 2b  b 2c  ca ac  ba  cb
 a a b b c c  a  b c  abc
,  a b b c c a  a  b c 
abc
&  a c ba c b  a b c 
a bc
2
Hence a a bbcc  a bbc c a  a cba c b  a 2  b 2  c 2  2ab  2bc  2ca   a  b  c   1 .
64
Sol. (c)
1 cos2  1 cos 2 
I1   xf  2x  x  dx  2
  2  x  f  2x  x  dx
2
sin 2  sin 2 
1 cos2 
 f  2x  x  dx
2
 2I1  2
sin 2 
cos2 
Now I1   
f 2  x  1   x  1 dx
2

 cos 2 
cos 2 
 f 1  x  dx .
2
 I1 
 cos2 

Sol. (B)
E = n  1Cr + n  2Cr + ...... + rCr
E = co-efficient of xr in [(1 + x)n  1 + ( 1 + x)n  2 + ...... + (1 + x)n  (n  r)]
1  x r 1  x n  r  1
E = co-efficient of xr in
x
r+1
E = co-efficient of x in [(1 + x)n  (1 + x)r] = nCr + 1  x = n, y = r + 1.
308. Purpose : Use of condition of tangency/translated parabola.

Sol. (d)
Substituting y = 2kx + 1 in the eq. of parabola gives  k  6  x 2  2kx  3  0 . If the straight line neither touches
nor intersects the parabola, then roots of the above quadratic must be imaginary which implies
k 2  3k  18  0  k   6, 3 .
309. (C)
S = ABCD = A(BCD) = AAT ....(1)
S3 = (ABCD)(ABCD)(ABCD)
= (ABC)(DAB)(CDA)(BCD)
= DTCTBTAT
= (BCD)TAT = AAT ....(2)
from (1) and (2)
S  S 3  I is correct
multiply both sides by S  II is correct  Both I and II are true .
310. (A)
1
[Sol. We have T1 = tan–1 – tan–10
3
1 1
T2 = tan–1 – tan–1
2 3
3 1
T3 = tan–1 – tan–1
5 2
65
  
 n   n 1
Tn = tan–1   – tan–1  
n2  n 1
n
 n 
 On adding all above equation, we get Sn =  Tr = tan–1  
n2
r 1
 n  
Hence S = Limit tan 1   = tan–11 = Ans. ]
n  n2 4
311. (A)
1 1
sin xdt dt
f x   2
 sin x  2 2
1 1  cos x   t  cos x 
1
1  2t cos x  t
sin x  1 1  cos x 1  cos x 

 f x   tan  tan 1 
1  cos 2 x  1  cos x 1  cos x 
 sin x
 f x 
2 1  cos 2 x
312. Purpose : Removing discontinuity of a function.

Sol. (a)
Since 7 < e2 < 8, so [e2] = 7 and [–e2] = –8
3 3
so f(0) = lim f (x) = lim tan 7x  tan(8)x
x 0 x 0 sin 3 x
 tan 7x 3 x3 tan 8x 3 x3 
= lim  7   8   = 7 + 8 = 15
x 0
 7x 3 sin 3 x 8x 3 sin 3 x 
313. Purpose :Finding equation of a plane.

Sol. (B)
A(1, 2, 3) ; B(3, 1, 2)
x –1 y – 2 z – 3
  r ....(i)
3 1 2
x – 3 y –1 z – 2
  m ....(ii)
1 2 3
P, the point of intersection, is
(3r + 1, r + 2, 2r + 3)  (m + 3, 2m + 1, 3m + 2)
r = 1, m = 1
Plane through P at maximum distance from O is one having OP as normal.

Sol. (a)
Any point on the curve y 2  4 x will lie in I or IV quadrant.
Circle touching both the coord. axes with centre in I or IV quadrant will be given by
x 2  y 2  2ax  2ay  a 2  0 , where a > 0.
66
Also  a,  a  satisfies y 2  4 x , hence a = 0 or 4. but a = 0 gives a point circle, hence

a = 4, which implies area is 16.
Sol. (b)
b b b2
m1 = tan 1 & m2 = tan 2  m1m2 = 2 tan 1 tan 2 =  1.
a a a
316. Purpose : (i) Finding a function using given functional equation.

(ii) Standard integration.
Sol. (d)
1
f (x)  2f    3x -(1)
x
1
Replace x with
x
1 3
2f (x)  f    - (2)
x x
2
From (1) and (2) f (x)  x.
x

Sol. (B)
4 4 4
Z 3 Z   3& Z   3
Z Z Z
4 4
 3  Z   3& Z   3
Z Z
2 2
 Z 3 Z 4  0 &  Z 3 Z 4  0
1 Z  4 .
318. Purpose : To check continuity & differentiability by first defining a function with the help of given relations.
Sol. (b)
S  (x) = l n x3 . 3 x2 - l n x2 . 2 x = 9 x2 l n x - 4 x l n x
S (x)
= x l n x (9 x - 4) . Hence = l n x (9 x - 4) .
x
S (x)
Now it is obvious that is continuous and derivable in its domain .
x
319. Purpose : Solving a Linear D.E. using Integrating Factor.

Sol. (b)
dx
= x cos y + sin 2y
dy
67
dx
 + x(–cosy) = 2 sin cos y
dy
– cos y dy
I.F. = e  = e–siny
P.I. = x.e–siny = 2 e – sin y sin y cos y dy
Let sin y = t
 x . e–siny = 2  e – t .t dt
 x e–siny = – 2 sin y e–siny – 2e–siny + c
 x = cesiny – 2(1 + sin y)
Hence k = 2
320. Purpose : Applications of derivatives to analyse monotonic behavior of a function not given explicitly in terms of
one variable but given to satisfy a relation through which sign of derivative of the function may be identified.
Sol. (d)
sin 2 x
Diff. the given relation w.r.to x gives f '  x   ,which is never negative. Hence f is always increasing.
1  3f 2  x 
321. (B)
n(S) = 6C3 n(E) = 2
P(E) = 1/10

Sol. (a)
dy
Let P be (h, k), then equation of normal is  x  h   y  k  0 .
dx
dy
x Intercept made by the normal is h  k.
dx
 dy 
Now as given  h  k   h  2  h2  k2 
 dx 
2xdx  2ydy dx
Replacing (h, k) with (x, y) and rearranging terms gives 2 2
4
x y x
Hence  ln  x 2  y 2   4 ln x  ln c  x 2  y 2  cx 4
As the curve pass through (1, 0) hence c = 1.
323. Purpose : Application of Lagrange’s mean value theorem

Sol. (a)
f b  f a 
Sol. Using Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorem we get  f '  c  for some c   a, b  ,
ba
3 3
hence
 f  7    f  2 2
 3  f  k   f '  k  for some k   a, b  .
72
68
Sol. (a)
The given diff.eq. may be rearranged as
1 1 1 1
cos dy  y 2 sin dx sec 2
x x x  x dx
2
2 1 x
cos
x
 
 y  1 1
 d    2 sec 2 dx
1 x x
 cos 
 x
1 1
 y  sin  c cos
x x
Now as y = 1 as x tends to  , c = 1.
325. Purpose : Defining derivative of inverse of a function.

Sol. (a)
x
1/ 2

f  x    1  t3  dt
0
g x 
3 1/ 2
i.e. f  g  x     1  t  dt
0
g x 
3 1/ 2
i.e. x   1  t  dt [ g is inverse of f  f [g (x)] = x]
0
Differentiating with respect to x, we have
1 = (1 + g3)-1/2 . g '
i.e. ( g ' )2 = 1 + g3
Differentiating again with respect to x, we have
2g 'g ''  3g 2g '
g '' 3
gives 2

g 2
326. (C)
A. adj A = | A | I
| A | = xyz – 8x – 3 (z – 8) + 2 (2 – 2y)
| A | = xyz – (8x + 3z + 4y) + 28  60 – 20 + 28 = 68.
more integrals.
Sol. (a)
3 2 3
dx dx dx
 x 2  [x]2 – 2x[x]  1   x   12 – 2x.1  1   x 2  22 – 2x(2)  1
1 1 2
2 3
dx dx
=  2

1
1  (x – 1) 2
1  (x – 2) 2
69
2 3     
tan –1
  tan
(x – 1)
1
–1
(x – 2) 2
  – 0   – 0 
4  4  2
328. Purpose : Family of circles

Sol. (c)
Circle touching y = x at (0, 0) can be taken as x2 + y2 + l(x - y) = 0 ¾(1)
This bisects the circumference of the circle x2 + y2 + 2 y - 3 = 0 ¾(2)
Hence radical axis between 1 & 2 must pass through the centre of (2) which is (0, - 1)
Radical axis is l(x - y) - 2 y + 3 = 0, hence l = - 5
Put l = - 5 in (1) to get the result.
329. Purpose : Manipulating given functional equation to derive required conclusions.

Sol. (a)
Putting y = 1, f(x +1) = f(x) + f(1) – x – 1
 f (x + 1) = f(x) – x ( f(1) = 1)
 f(n + 1) = f(n) – n < f(n)
 f(n + 1) < f(n)
So, f(n) < f(n – 1) < f(n – 2)... < f(3) < f(2) < f(1) = 1
 f(n) = n holds only for n =1.
330. Purpose : Understanding geometry of a hyperbola.

Sol. (d)
As (2, 2) lies in first quadrant on left of 3x  4 y  0 and on right of 3x  4 y  0 hence tangents from this point
will touch the hyperbola in III & IV quadrants.

Sol. (c)
2 2
  
Let the coord. of Q & R be at1 , 2at1 & at2 , 2at2 , where t1t2  1 . 
a2 2
Now area of triangle PQR, A  t1  2t2  t2 2  2 t1  A  a 2 t1  t2
2
2A
Hence 2at1  2at2  .
a
332. Purpose : Shortest distance between two skew lines.

Sol. (D)
A(1, 1, 1) B(1, 2, 3)
p = ^j + 2k
^

q = ^i – ^j

C (1, 1, 2)
D(3, –1, 2)
 ˆ ˆ ˆ
Equation of line AB r1  i  j  k   (ˆj  2k)ˆ
 ˆ ˆ
Equation of line CD r2  i  j  2kˆ  µ (iˆ – ˆj)
 
AC  v  kˆ
ˆi ˆj kˆ
  
n pq 0 1 2   1
= 2iˆ  2ˆj – kˆ S.D = projection of v on n 
1 –1 0 3
70
Sol. (b)
x2 y2
Let the equation of E1 be + =1 ...........(i)
a2 b2
 b2 = a2 (1 – e2)
x2 y2
Let the equation of E2 be + =1 ...........(ii)
a2 b 2
here 2a is the length of minor axis and 2b is the length of major axis
Since the focii of E2 are the ends of minor axis of (i)
 b = be [ e does not change]
2 2 2
Also a = b (1 – e )
b2 a 2 (1  e 2 )2
 2 (1 – e2) = a2 i.e. = a2 i.e. (1 – e2)2 = e2
e e2
5 1
i.e. e4 – 3e2 + 1 = 0  e=
2
334. Purpose : Reflection/Image of a point or line in a line/Angle bisectors

Sol. (a)
x  2 y 3 2 3 2
Image of A in x + y = 2 will be   i.e.  1, 0 
2 2 2
Image of A in x = y will be (3, 2).
Both of these points will lie on BC.
Equation of BC will be x - 2y + 1 = 0.

Sol. (b)
cos x  x sin x
 
 cos x  x sin x  x2
 x 2  cos 2 x
dx    cos x 
2
dx
 
1  
 x 
cos x  x sin x
Now, cos x  t,  cos x  x sin x dx  dt  x2  cos x 
dx   tan 1 
x x2   cos x 
2
 x 

1  
 x 
cos x  x sin x
 
x 2
2  1  cos x   
 2
x dx    tan    .
  cos x    x  0 2
1  
 x 
336. Purpose : Analysing continuity of a piecewise defined composite function.

Sol. (a)

f(x) is discontinuous when | sin 4( x  k ) | 1  x  k  (2n  1)
8
71
 3 5 (2n  1)
x1  k  , x2  k  , x3  k  , xn1  k 
8 8 8 8
Now 1  tan A tan B   tan A  tan B cot  A  B 
 n  tan x1 tan x2  tan x3 tan x4  ......  tan xn tan xn 1  tan xn 1  tan x1
sin( xn 1  x1 ) n
= cos x cos x  sec x1 sec xn 1 sin 4
n 1 1
337. Purpose : Integration by parts.

Sol. (c)

2 x ln x ln 2 x –1  dx   2 x ln 2 2x 
 x  ln x 
2   ln x  x  ln x 2  dx
 
2 x ln 2 ln 2 x d  1  x 
 ln x dx  ln x  2 dx  ln 2  dx  ln x   2 dx dx
2 x ln 2 2x 2x
 dx   2
dx
ln x ln x x  ln x 
 2 x ln 2 2x  2x
    dx 
 ln x
2
x  ln x   ln x .

Sol. (c)
2 2 3
2f  x  y   f  x   f  y    f  y   f  x    2f  0   2  f  0   for x  0, y  0
 f  0   0 or 1 or  1
Now f  0   0  f  x   0 for y  0
2
& f  0   1  2f  x   f  x    f  x   for y  0
 f  x   0 or f  x   1
Hence on all counts f(x) must be a constant function.

Sol. (C)
putting x = 1 in the given binomial, we have sum of the binomial coefficients
2001
 3 1
=2     12001  1.
 2 2

Sol. (b)
3 3 3 3 3 3f  x  3 f x 1 3
 dx   dx   dx   dx   1.dx  3
 
3 3  f x
 
3 3  f  x
 
 3 3f x  9
 
3 3  f x 2 3
Hence I = 1
72
341. Purpose : Application of differentiation to analyse a function for extrema.
Sol. (c)
f   x  = 4x3 + 3ax2 + 2bx + c.
As x = 0 is a root, hence c = 0.
Also as there is no other root hence 4x2 + 3ax + 2b = 0 has negative discriminant.
 9a 2  32b .
f  1  f 1  a  c  0 .
Now f   x   0 for x lying in [-1, 0) & f   x   0 for x lying in (0, 1]

f(x) is decreasing in [-1, 0) & increasing in (0, 1].
as f ( 1) < f (1), hence f(1) is maximum of f & f(0) is minimum of f.
342. (B)
100
100C 
 1   99 
I. P(X = 1) = 1 100
  
   100 
II. Every key that fits have the same probability = 1/10
III. Consider P(A  B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B)
but P(A  B) = P(A) = 1
1 = 1 + P(B) – P(A  B)
P(A  B) = P(B) = P(B) · P(A) ( P(A) = 1 )
IV. Each product 1 2 3 4 5 ; 1 2 3 4 6 ; 1 2 3 5 6 ; 1 2 4 5 6 ; 1 3 4 5 6 ; 2 3 4 5 6 is divisible by six.
343. Purpose : Family of circles

Sol. (c)
Circle touching y = x at (0, 0) can be taken as x2 + y2 + l(x - y) = 0 ¾(1)
This bisects the circumference of the circle x2 + y2 + 2 y - 3 = 0 ¾(2)
Hence radical axis between 1 & 2 must pass through the centre of (2) which is (0, - 1)
Radical axis is l(x - y) - 2 y + 3 = 0, hence l = - 5
Put l = - 5 in (1) to get the result.
344. Purpose : Geometrical applications of DOT product.

Sol. (A)
        
   
Normal vector to plane is 2i  3 j – k  i – j  2k i.e. 5i  5 j  5 k
   
p = i + j + k makes angle  = – cot–1 2 with 5i  5 j  5 k , hence
2
 ––   2 1

sin cot 1 2   3  2
sin  cot 1  
1  3
2
   –  –     2  2   2

345. Purpose : Understanding classical definition of existance of limits & continuity at a point.
Sol. (c)
f(x) is discontinuous but |f(x)| is continuous hence LHL & RHL at x = a must be equal say ‘k’ & f(a) must be
equal to k.
73
346. Purpose : Differentiation of a definite integral.
Sol. (a)
x
1/ 2

f  x    1  t3  dt
0
g x 
3 1/ 2
i.e. f  g  x     1  t  dt
0
g x 
3 1/ 2
i.e. x   1  t  dt [ g is inverse of f  f [g (x)] = x]
0
Differentiating with respect to x, we have
1 = (1 + g3)-1/2 . g '
i.e. ( g ' )2 = 1 + g3
Differentiating again with respect to x, we have
2g 'g ''  3g 2g '
g '' 3
gives 2

g 2
347. Purpose : Use of theory of equations to deal with concyclic points of a parabola.
Sol. (b)
2
Let the circumcircle be x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 . Substituting at ,2at gives  
a 2t 4   4a 2  2ag  t 2  4aft  c  0 . Now 2at1  2at2  2at3  2at3  0 .
348. (D)
A is non singular det A  0
Given AB – BA = A hence AB = A + BA = A(I + B)
det. A · det. B = det. A · det. (I + B)
det. B = det. (I + B) ....(1) (as A is non singular)
again AB – A = BA
A(B – I) = BA
(det. A) · det.(B – I) = det. B · det. A det. (B – I) = det. (B) ....(2)
from (1) and (2)
det. (B – I) = det. (B + I).
349. Purpose : Finding derivative/characteristics of derivative of inverse of a function given the derivative of the
function.
Sol. (a)
Let g 1  x   h  x  , then x  g  h  x  
1 d 1
 h ' x  
g ' h  x 
0
dx
 g  x   0
Let g 1  x    '  x  , then  g 1  x  dx    x   C

Now f  b  a     a     b   2  0 
da db
 f ' b  a    ' a    'b
d b  a  d b  a 
74
Now a  b  k  b  a  k  2a .
da d k  a 
 f ' b  a    'a    'b
d  k  2a  d  k  2a 
350. Purpose : Integration by transformations.

Sol. (a)
3

0
  x  3  2 3 x  x  3  2 3 x dx
3 3

0
 x 3    
3  x dx   2 3 dx  6 3
0
351. Purpose : Application of maxima minima in coordinate geometry

Sol. (c)
Let P be  5cos ,3sin   .
Tangent at P will be 3x cos   5y sin   15  0 .
x y 15
Foot of perpendicular from origin will be  
3 cos  5 sin  9 cos   25 sin 2 
2
120 tan 
Hence area of triangle OPN will be .
9  25 tan 2 

Sol. (b)
Required area = Area bounded by y 2  8x from A to B
+ Area bounded by y 2  8x  16 from B to C
- Area of DABD – Area of EBCE.
1 1 1 
= 2  1 8x dx  2     2 
2 2 2 
75
Sol. (a)
2b = a + c & (c - b)2 = a(b - a)
2
ac 2 2 c a  c a a  c
 c a  2 
2 2 2
Now b  c  a  2bc  ab implies 
 2  2 2
Hence  3a 2  4ac  c 2  0   3a  c  a  c   0  c  3a & b  2a .
354. Purpose : To understand periodic behavior of integral powers of ‘i’.

Sol. (C)
z2 = i, z3 = – 1 + i, z4 = – i
z5 = z3, z6 = z4 etc
z2n = – i, z2n + 1 = – 1 + i
Given expression = arg (–1) = 
76
MULTIPLE CHOICE SOLUTION
SOLUTION
1. (AB)
[Sol. We have
E = cos2 + cos2 ( + ) + cos2 ( +  + ) – 2cos cos ( + ) cos (+  + )
= cos2 + cos2 ( + ) + cos2 ( +  + ) – cos (    )  cos (  (  )) cos ( +  + )
= cos2 + cos2 ( + ) – cos (   )     cos (  )   

= cos2 + cos2 ( + ) – cos 2 (   ) – sin 2  
= 1 Ans.]
2. Purpose : Monotonic behavior of a composite function fog, depending on known standard behavior of f(x) &
g(x).
Sol. (ABC)
x x
 1  1  1
f  x   x ln  1    e f  x    1   . Now as  1   is increasing function and so as ex, hence f(x) must
 x  x  x
also be inrceasing.
x
ln 1  x   ln x  1
Also lim f  x   lim  0 , and lim  1    e  lim e f  x   e , hence lim f  x   1 .
x 0 x 0 1/ x x 
 x x  x 
3. Purpose : Properties of Vector Triple Product.

Sol. (ABCD)
       
da bc     
= a . c  b  a . b c
= (x y + y z + z x)  (y  z) i  (z  x) j  (x  y) k   A

again d .  i  j  k  = 0  B

Also d .  (y  z) i  (z  x) j  (x  y) k  = 0  C

d . x i  y j  z k  = 0  D.
4. Purpose : Common Tangents/Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions.

Sol. (BD)
x 2  y 2  2 x  0 & x 2  y 2  6 x  0  C1  1,0  , r1  1 & C2  3,0  , r1  3 .
As C1C2 = r1 + r2, hence the two circles touch each other externally at origin with y - axis as common tangent.
Therefore number of common tangents is 3.
C1D 1
Now for the direct common tangents   external division   D  3,0  .
C2 D 3
Let mx  y  3m  0 be a line passing throug D, then for it to be a tangent to any of the two circles, say the
2m 1
first circle, 1 m   .
2
m 1 3
1
Hence the three common tangents are y    x  3 & y  0 .
3
Clearly the common tangents form an equilateral triangle of side lentgth 3 .
1
3 3
area of this triangle will be unit2.
4
Sol. (ABC)
There is only one point in A  B  C which is say, P with affix Z.

C is the straight line x  y  2 which meets the y axis at Q 0, 2 . 
 r r 
Then P be  0  , 2  , where r  PQ , and P lies on the circle
 2 2
S : x 2  y 2  4x  2y  4  0 .
2  2  14  12 2
2

Now r  2  2 r  2   
2  1  0 gives the positive value of r as
2
Now |Z| = OP < OQ + PQ => |Z| < 3.
Also || represents distance of any point on or inside S from origin, hence
5 3   5 3.
Also Z    Z    6 .

Sol. (ABCD)
4 1 6 1
From the given equations     ,   &     ,   .
a a b b
2 2
Also given , , ,  are in H.P.    & 
 
1 1
Hence   &  .
2 3
Substituting the values of roots in the respective equations gives b = 8 & a = 3.
7. (AC)
9 9
[Sol. We have sin4x + cos4x = 1
5 4
9 4 9
 tan x + = sec4x (on divide throughout by cos4x)
5 4
9 4 9
 tan x + = (1 + tan2x)2
5 4
 16 tan x – 40 tan2x + 25 = 0  (4 tan2x – 5)2 = 0
4
5
 tan2x =
4
5 9 4 9
Now, sec2x = 1 + tan2x = 1 + = and cosec2x = 1 + cot2x = 1 + =
4 4 5 5
2
 729   729 
Hence 64 sec6x + 125 cosec6x =  64   + 125   = 1458 Ans.]
 64   125 
8. Purpose : Condition of a common root of two equations.

Sol. (ABC)
2
For exactly one common root  a  4   8  a 2    2  a 
Hence a = 3, 2 3 .
9. Purpose : Use of condition of tangency/translating q. of tangent to standard form.

Sol. (abc)
Tangents to the given parabolas in standard form are
2
y  m  x  3  & y  3  mx  2m 2 .
m
2
For common tangent  3m  3  2m 2  2m 3  3m 2  3m  2  0 .
m
1
This gives m  1, 2 &
2
10. Purpose : Using second derivative rule to find extrema of a given function.
Sol. (ab)
f  x   3x 4  4x 3  6x 2  ax  b  f '  x   12x 3  12x 2  12x  a
 2

and f "  x   12 3x  2x  1 . Hence f   x  is always positive, which implies f(x) has no point of inflexion.
Also f   x  is an everywhere increasing function which implies f   x  will be zero exactly once and hence f(x)
will have exactly one local extremum.
11. (BC)
[Sol. sin 4   4 cos 2   cos 4   4 sin 2  = (1  cos2 ) 2  4 cos2   (1  sin 2 ) 2  4 sin 2 
12. Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of 3-D geometry/Conditions of coplanarity & intersection/Family
of planes
Sol. (BC)
Observe that the lines L1 , L2 & L3 are parallel to the vector i  j  k
Also,   0  1 & b1c 2  b 2 c1 Hence the three planes intersect in a line
13. Purpose : General manipulation using algebraic operations on C.N.

Sol. (AB)
Let r be common ratio of G.P. a, b, c we have
a 1
i i
b r i ib ia
z  
c Hence z  or
i r i r c b
b
3
Sol. (ab)
2t  0 2
Slope of PV = 2 
t 0 t
t
 the equation of QV is y   x.
2
 16 8 
Solving it with y 2  4 x , Q   2 , 
t t 
1
Now, ar ( PVQ)  PV . VQ = 20 (given)
2
 PV 2 .VQ 2  402
P(t 2 , 2t )
V
(0,0)
2 2 2
 16  2  8   2
or {(t )  (2t ) }  t 2    t    40
    
2 2 1  256 
or t (4 t ) 2  2
 64   402
t  t 
256  4
or 2
 256  256 64t 2  402
t
or (t 2  16)(t 2  1)  0 .
 t  4, 1

Sol. (AC)
a   b  c
d
a   b  c
Now a   b  c    a.c  b   a.b  c  b  c  i  j  2k

Sol. (ac)
x2 y2 2cos 2 

cot 2  cos2 
 1  Latus Re ctum 
cot 
 sin 2   1  cos 2   cot 2  
1  5
 sin 2  or   &
2 12 12
Sol. (abc)
Let P be (h, k) and the end points of given line segment be (p, 0) & (0, q).
4
As given h = 4p/7 & k = 3q/7 where p2 + q2 = 49.
h2 k2
Eliminating p & q gives   1 as the required locus.
16 9

Sol. (AD)
9 9
   
Let R  3 3  5   R   f and 3 3  5  f ' , then  R   f  f '  an even integer , which implies
f  f '  0 . Hence [R] is an even number..
9 9
 R  3   
3  5  3 3  5  a multiple of 5.
Hence [R] is div. by 10.

Sol. (AC)
For real roots 4a 2  4b  a  1  0
 a 2  ba  b  0 .
Now for above inequality to hold for all values of a, b 2  4b  0 .
Or 0  b  4 .
20. Purpose : Analysing a discontinuous function for maxima & minima.

Sol. (bd)
1 2

Sol. (bc)
m + m2 = 6 implies m = -3 & 2 and m.m2 = a implies a = -27 & 8
22. (BCD)
a b a 2  bc ab  bd   1 0 
Let X   c d  , then  2  
   ac  cd d  bc   0 1 
Now ac  cd  0  c  0 or a  d & ab  bd  0  b  0 or a  d
Also c  0 or b  0 & a 2  bc  d 2  bc  1  a  d  1
And a  d  a 2  bc  1 .
5
 a b
1 0   1 0   .
Required matrices are X   ,  , 1 a
2
0 1   0 1  a 
 b 
Sol. (AD)
Clearly if a + b + c = 0, then x = 1 satisfies both the equations.
24. Purpose : Identifying specific relations/data from given relations without knowing/finding the function.
Sol. (abd)
From the given equation f  y  f   y   f  0  & f 2  0   f  0 
But f(0) = 0 gives the function 0 everywhere, hence f(0) = 1.
Differentiating w.r.to y and substituting y = 0 gives f ' x   f  x 
 f ' x  f  x   f x  f  x   1 .
25. Purpose : Condition of tangency of a circle & a line.

Sol. (ac)
Centre of the circle will lie on one of the angle bisectors between the given lines. i.e.
 x  2 y  3  2 x  y  1
  0 ,  3x  y  4  0 & x  3 y  2  0 .
5 5
26. Purpose : Translating eq. of normal in standard form.

Sol. (ad)
Eq. of normal in standard form is t(x  1) + y = 2t + t3. If it is drawn from (6, 2), then
t3  3t  2 = 0, which gives t = 1 & 2.
Hence normals are 2 x  y  14 & x  y  4 .
27. (BD)
[Sol. simplifying 2 cos2x + 2 cos x = 0
cos x = 0 or cos x = – 1  B, D]
28. (AC)
P(A  B) 1 P( B) 1
(A) P(A/B) =   P(A  B) = = Ans.]
P(B) 6 6 18
1 1 1 18  30  5 43
(B) P(A  B) = + – = = Ans.
5 3 18 90 90
P (B  A ) 1 5 5
(C) P(B/A) = = · = Ans.
P( A ) 18 1 18
1 1 1
(D) P(A) · P(B) = · =  P(A  B). A & B are not independent.
5 3 15

Sol. (A)(B)
D1  4b 2  4ac, D 2  4c2  4ab & D 3  4a 2  4bc .
6
 D1  D 2  D 3  4  a 2  b 2  c 2  ab  bc  ca 
 D1  D2  D3  0
Hence all three of D1 , D 2 , D3 can not be negative or zero.
30. Purpose : Analysing a function given in terms of relationship among the variables and derivative.
Sol. (abcd)
dy sin 2 x dx
sin x - y cos x + 2 = 0  cos ecx dy  y   cot x cos ecx  dx   2
dx x x
dx 1 
  d  y cos ecx    
2
 y    c  sin x
x x 
Now y0 as x  , hence c = 0.
sin x
Hence f  x   .
x
31. Purpose : Devicing a method to count number of selections.

Sol. (ad)
To selected a, b, c in A.P., we need to select a & c such that a + c is even, hence select a & c both
from even numbers or both from odd numbers.
 2  n/ 2 C 2 if n is even
Number of A.P.s    n 1 / 2
 C 2   n 1/ 2 C 2 if n is odd
32. Purpose : Conclusions based on geometrical propertices of an ellipse.

Sol. (A)(C)(D)
circle of VV as diameter is
 b (1  cos )   b (1  cos ) 
(x  a) (x + a) +  y   y   =0
 sin    sin  
 x2 + y2  2 b cosec y  (a2  b2) = 0
which passes through S & S.

Sol. (BC)
Let P  x   x 2  x  p , then for both the roots to exceed p,
1
P(p) > 0, 1  4p  0 &  p
2
Hence p  2 .
34. (BC)
  
Sol. z12  z 22  z12  z 22  2z1z 2  z12  z 22  2z1z 2  z1  z 2  z1  z 2   z1  z 2 z1  z 2
 
 z1  z 2  z1  z 2  z1  z 2  z1  z 2 
  2 2   2 2    
  z1  z 2  z1  z2  z1  z 2  z1z 2  z 2 z1  z1  z 2  z1z 2  z 2 z1  z1z 2  z 2 z 1  0
7

z1 z1 z 
     1 is purely imaginary and arg z1  arg z 2  .
z2 z2 z2 2
35. Purpose : Conditions of coplanarity & intersection/Family of planes.

Sol. (B)
1 1 1
  3 2  0 & 1 ,  2 ,  3  0
For froming a prism
3  1
36. (CD)
n n
1 1
[Sol. We have fn() =  4n sin 4 (2n ) =  4n sin 2 (2n ) (1 – cos2(2n ) )
n0 n0
n
1  2 n 1 
= n
sin (2 )  sin 2 (2 n 1 )
n04  4 
n
1 1 
 fn() =   4n sin 2 (2n )  4n 1 sin 2 (2n 1 )
n0
 1  1 1   1 2 2 1 2 3 
 fn() =  sin 2   sin 2 (2)    sin 2 (2)  2 sin 2 (2 2 )  +  2 sin (2 )  3 sin (2 ) 
 4  4 4  4 4 
 1 2 n 1 1 2 n   1 2 n 1 2 n 1 
+ ................+  n 1 sin (2 )  n sin (2 )  +  n sin (2 )  n 1 sin (2 ) 
4 4  4 4 
1
Hence fn () = sin2 – sin2(2n + 1 )
4 n 1
2
 2  1    1  1
(A) f2   = sin  sin 2  8   =    0 = False
4 4 64  4  2  2
 1
1  cos 1
 2  1   4 0 = 2 2 1 2 2 2
(B) f3   = sin  sin 2 16   = =  = False
8 8 256  8 2 2 2 2 2 4
 3  3 1  3 
(C) f4   = sin 2  sin 2  32   = (–1)2 – 0 = 1True
 2  2 1024  2 
2 1
(D) f5() = sin   sin 2 (64 ) = (0)2 – 0 = 0 True ]
4096
37. Purpose : Use of definition of parabola as locus of a moving point.

Sol. (A)(B)
Let the focus be (h, k) & directrix be x cos   y sin   a . Then the parabola is
2 2 2
 x  h   y  k    x cos   y sin   a  . As it passes through the two given points hence
2 2 2 2
2  h   k 2   2cos  a  &  2  h   k 2   2 cos   a  .
2 2
 2  h  k2  2  h   k 2  2a if a  2 , which is an ellipse (S1P +S2P = 2a) and
8
2 2
2  h  k2  2  h  k 2  2a if a  2 , which is a hyperbola (S1P S2P = 2a).
38. Purpose : Identifying characteristics of a composite function using behavior of elementaryly defined functions.
Sol. (C)(D)
x a  x ln a x  0
h x  a x  h 'x   x .
x  a ln a x  0

Sol. (A)(B)(C)
Let the roots of secondequation be , then those of the second equation will be 
.
Now  = P &  + 3 = A.
Hence A  P = 3.
Smilarly A + B + C = 18 & C - P + Q = 18.
40. (BC)
[Sol. We have
 n    
sin         (n  1) 
6  4   4  6     n  
f() = 2     n  =
sin    (n  1)  sin    
2  cot    (n  1) 4   cot    4 
    
n 1 n 1
 4  4 
  3  
= 2  cot   cot    2   =
 
2 (cot  + tan ) =
  2 
2  tan   cot   2 

 
 f min .     = 2 2 ]
 4

Sol. (A)
P(1) + P(2) = 5a + 3b + 2c = 0 & P(1) = a  b + c = 0.
Hence a : b : c = 5 : 3 : 8.
Now P  x   5kx 2  3kx  8k .
Clearly all four options are correct.

Sol. (A)(C)
h  x   f  x   f 2  x   f 3  x   h '  x     3f 2  x   2f  x   1 f '  x 
 h '  x     3f  x   1  f  x   1 f '  x 
1
Now  3f  x   1  f  x   1  0 if f  x   1 or f  x  
3
1
and  3f  x   1  f  x   1  0 if  1  f  x  
3
1 1
Hence h‘(x) will be of same sign as that of f ‘(x) if  1  f  x   & of opposite sign if f  x   1 or f  x   .
3 3
9
1
Therefore h is incresing if f increases when  1  f  x   & h is decreasing if f increases when
3
1
f  x   1 or f  x   .
3
43. Purpose : Family of lines/Slope of unknown line by angle formula

Sol. (cd)
Equation of all the lines passing through the point of intersection of x + 2y = 3 & x = y will be
 1
x + 2y - 3 + l (x - y) = 0, hence slope will be  .
2
 1 1

2   2  1
Now as it’s making an angle of 450 to x + 2y = 3, hence  1 1 ,
1 .
2 2
5 5
   ,  . The required equations are 3x + y - 4 = 0 & x - 3y + 2 = 0.
4 2
44. (AC)
1 1

2 3 1
Acute angle between the asymptotes will be given by tan  
1 1
1 
2 3
2 e2  1
Now eccentricity will be given by tan   2
 e 4  8e 2  8  0 .
2e
 e  42 2
45. (AC)
For | AB | = 0  | A | · | B | = 0  | A | = 0 or |B|=0
1
A A –1 = I  | A | · | A |–1 = | I | = 1  | A–1 | = = | A |–1.
|A|
46. (ABD)
 2 3
[Sol. We have E = cos2 + cos2 + cos2
7 7 7
2 4 6 2 4 6 
1  cos 1  cos 1  cos 3 1 
= 7  7  7 =   cos  cos  cos 
2 2  7 7 7
2 2 2
S

Now, S = cos 2 + cos 4 + cos 6, where  =
7
 2S sin  = sin 3 – sin sin 5 – sin 3sin 7 – sin 5= sin
 7  sin 
zero
10
1 3 1 5
 S=–  E=  
2 2 4 4
3
Clearly 1<E< ]
2
47. Purpose : Common tangents of two circles.

Sol. (abcd)
According to question the centre of the circle will lie on a line inclined at 300 with x axis.
Let the line be x  3y    0 . Is distance from origin must be 1 units, we get   2 .
 
Now to get the centres solve the line with given circle to get centres as  2, 0  , 1, 3 , 1,  3 
48. (CD)
P(E1) = 1 – P(unit's place in both is 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9)
2
 4 9
P(E1 = 0 or 5) = 1    =
5 25
P(E2 : 5) = P(1 3 5 7 9) – P(1 3 7 9) for 2 numbers
1 4 25  16 9
=  = =
4 25 100 100
P(E 2 ) 9 9 25 1
= · · =
P ( E1 ) 100 100 9 4
P(E1) = 4 P(E2)  A is not correct
P(E 2  E1 ) P(E 2 ) 9 25 1
P(E2 / E1) = = ·
P(E1 ) P(E1 ) 100 9 = 4  (C)
=
P(E1  E 2 ) P ( E1 )
P(E1/E2) = P(E 2 ) = P(E 2 ) = 1  (D)
49. Purpose : Algebraic factorisation into quadratic & linear factors.

Sol. (ABCD)
x 8  x 4  1   x 4  x 2  1 x 4  x 2  1
Also x 4  x 2  1   x 2  x  1 x 2  x  1 and
 
x 4  x 2  1  x 2  3x  1 x 2  3x  1 . 
50. Purpose : Solving equation in complex numbers using condition of equality to C.N.
Sol. (B)(D)
If n = m then equation becomes zm  z m and it has infinite solution because any z  real will satisfy it. If n  m ,

let n > m, then, zn  z m  z  z
n m
z
m
z n m

1  0
 z  0 or z  1, z  0  z  0  i0 z  1  z  ei  em n  i  1  z  11/ m  n 

 number of solution is m + n + 1.
11
51. (BC)
1 1 25 – 263
[Sol. Square and add to get 2 + 2cos( – ) =  =  cos    
16 9 144 288
  3
Also using C-D relation, we get tan = Now intepret.]
2 4
52. Purpose : Application of concept of linear dependency of three vectors.

Sol. (AC)
Equating the compontents.
(3   ) x  2 y  4 z  0 , 2 x   y  2 z  0 , 4 x  2 y  (3   ) z  0
In order that the set has non-trival solution.
3  2 4
2  2  0   3  6 2  15  8  0
4 2 3 
 (  1) 2 (  8)  0   1 or 8.
53. Purpose : Defining a function as variable maximum or minimum of another function using graph/monotonic
behavior.
Sol. (ac)
Alternately
f  x   2x 3  15x 2  36x  23  f '  x   6  x 2  5x  6 
Hence f(x) has maximum at x = 2 & local minimum at x = 3.
Also f(2) = 5.

2x 3  15x 2  36x  23, if 1  x  2

 7
Now g  x    5, if 2  x 
 2
 7
 12  2x, if  x  6
2

Sol. (BD)
2
For x 2   a  10  x  10a  1  0 to have integral roots  a  10   4 10a  1 .
 a 2  20a  96  0
Hence a  8 & 12
55. Purpose : Finding exponent of a prime ‘P’ in n!

Sol. (abc)
n   n   n 
Exponent of a prime ‘P’ in n! is     2    3   ... , where [x] denotes greatest integer less
P P  P 
than or equal to x.
12
56. Purpose : Conditions of tangency to various curves in terms of slope.
Sol. (cd)
2 16
Let y = mx + c be the common tangent, then 10m  6 
m2
  m 2  110m 2  16   0
Hence common tangents are x + y = 4 & x  y = -4.
57. (ABCD)
[Sol. (A) We have cos4  – sin4  + 2sin2 = (cos2  + sin2 ) (cos2  – sin2 ) + 2 sin2 
= cos2  – sin2  + 2 sin2 = cos2  + sin2  = 1
(B) We have sin2  cos2  + cos2  sin2  + sin2  sin2  + cos2  cos2 
= (sin2  + cos2 ) cos2  + (cos2  + sin2 ) sin2  = cos2  + sin2  = 1
(C) We have sin (285° – ) cos ( + 165°) + sin ( + 165°) cos ( – 285°)
= sin (285° –  +  + 165°) = sin 450° = sin 90° = 1.
sin 2  2
cos 2 
(D) We have (1 + cot ) + (1 + tan2 )
2 2
(sin 2 )(cos ec 2) (cos2 )(sec 2 ) 1 1
= + = + = 1]
2 2 2 2
58. Purpose : Redefining modulus function/Graphical transformations to identify abrupt changes in graph as points
of non differentiability.
Sol. (abcd)

Sol. (abc)
All standard geometrical properties of parabola.

Sol. (AB)
(1 + x 2)2 (1 + x)n = (1 + 2x2 + x4) (nC0 + nC1 x + nC2 x2 + ......)
= nC0 + nC1 x + (nC2 + 2 . nC0) x2 + ......
Hence A0 = 1 ; A1 = nC1 ; A2 = nC2 + 2 which are in A.P. for n = 2 & 3.
61. Purpose : Manipulating the given data to obtain required conclusions/AM-GM inequality.
Sol. (ac)
1 y
As O, C, D are collinear hence  or xy  1 .
x 1
13
1 0 0
1 x
Now area of DOAC  1 0 1 
2 2
1 x 1
1 1 1
1 x y2
and area of DBCD  1 1 y 
2 2
1 x 1
1
2x  y  2 2x   2
Hence S  . Or S  x
2 2
1 1
But as x lies in (0, 1), hence 2 2  2x   3  2 1  S  .
x 2
1
Also S will be minimum for x  .
2
62. Purpose : Solving vector equations with the help of DOT & CROSS product.
Sol. (B)(C)
         
a b =2 a  c =  
a  b  2c = 0  b  2c =  a
   
 
 b  2 c = 2 a 2  2 a 2 = 16  = ± 4 ]
63. (ABD)
   1 1 
sin  n  sin  n 1  n 
      2  2 2 
[Sol. We have Tn = tan  n  sec  n 1  = =
2
   2            
cos n  cos n 1  cos n  cos n 1 
2  2  2  2 
     
= tan  n 1  – tan  n 
2  2 
14
n
         
 fn() =   tan n 1   tan n   =  tan   tan n 
n 1  2  2   2 
 2  
Now, f3(2) = tan 2 – tan   = 0 – tan = –1
 8  4
 4  4  4  
f4   = tan – tan  = 3 – tan 12 = 3 – ( 2  3 ) = 2 ( 3  1)
 3  3  3  16 
 4  
f5(4) = tan 4 – tan   = 0 – tan = – ( 2  1) = (1  2 )
 32  8
 48   3 
f6(48) = tan 48 – tan   = 0 – tan   = –(–1) = 1 ]
 64   4 
64. Purpose : Identifying a function from a given differential equation/Graph.

Sol. (ab)
2 ex  f  x   f '  x  
f  x   f ' x   e x
f x   2
1
f  x 
 ex  ex
 d    dx  f  
x 
 f x  xC
1 ex
f  0   C  2  f x 
2 x2
ex e x  x  1
Now f  x    f ' x   2
x2  x  2
At x = 1, f’(x) changes sign from negative to positive hence -1 is a point of minimum.
Also from the graphs of y = f(x) & y = x we can see that there are two points of intersection.
65. (ACD)

Sol. (abc)
x  y  0  f f  0  0
Replacing x  0  f  f  0   f  y    f  y 2 
 f  y   f  0   y2
2
 
f  y   f  0   y 2  f y  x  f  f  0   x   2x  f  0   y   f  0   y
2 2 2 2 4
2 2
 f  0    y 2  x 2   f  0    f  0   x 2   2f  0  x 2  2x 2 y 2  f  0   y 4
Or f 2  0   f  0 
If f(0) = 0, then f(x) = x2.
If f(0) = -1, then f(x) = x2 1.
15
 
f  y   f  0   y 2  f y 2  x 2  f  f  0   x 2   2x 2  f  0   y 2   f  0   y 4
2 2
 f  0    y 2  x 2   f  0    f  0   x 2   2x 2f  0   2x 2 y 2  f  0   y 4
Or f 2  0   f  0 
If f(0) = 0, then f(x) =  x2.
If f(0) = 1, then f(x) = 1  x2.
67. (ABCD)
[Sol. We have
ln (tan x) = 0
 tan x = 1
 option (A), (B), (C), (D) are correct]
68. Purpose : Point of contact of a given tangent/Parametric coordinates.

Sol. (ab)
2
Tangent to x2 + y2 = 8 will be y  mx  2 2 1  m . If it is drawn through (4, 0), then m  1 . Hence the
tangents from (4, 0) are x  y  4 . Points of tangency are  2, 2  .
Hence the required point A is (2, 2). Now the point B such that l(AB) = 4 is clearly either (2, - 2) or (- 2, 2).
69. (BCD)
Let number of blue marbles is b and number of green marbles is g
bg 1
Hence bg

C2 2
(b + g) (g + b – 1) = 4bg
(b + g)2 – (b + g) = 4bg
b2 + g2 + 2bg – b – g = 4bg
g2 – 2bg – g + b2 – b = 0
g2 – (2b + 1)g + b2 – b = 0
D = (2b + 1)2 – 4(b2 – b)
= 8b + 1 must a perfect square. Hence possible values of b are 3,6,10.
70. (ABCD)
We have A2B = A(AB) = AA = A2, B2A = B(BA) = BB = B2,
ABA = A(BA) = AB = A, and BAB = B(AB) = BA = B.
71. Purpose : Extrema of a non differentiable function using monotonic behavior in neighborhood of points of
nondifferentiability

1  r  p x
   if x  0
 1
f  x    r  p  x  1 if 0  x 
 p
 1
 r  p  x  1 if x 
 p
When f(x) = 1 - (r + p)x, least value of f(x) is 1.

When f(x) = (r - p)x + 1, three cases arise
16
(i) r > p : in this case least value of f(x) is 1 & greatest value is r/p,
(ii) r < p : in this case greatest value of f(x) is 1 & least is r/p,
(iii) r = p : in this case f(x) is constantly equal to 1
When f(x) = (r + p)x - 1, least value of f(x) is r/p
Clearly f(x) will have a one of the following graphs as shown
72. Purpose : Parametric/Symmatric equation of a straight line.

Sol. (bd)
Let Slope of a line passing through (2, 3) be tan  , then any point on the line will be
 2  r cos ,3  r sin   .
If this line meets the curve x2 + y2 = 25 in two points, then for two values of r the above coordinates will satisfy
equation of the curve.
Substituting these coordinates in the equation of curve gives
2 2
 2  r cos     3  r sin    25 or r 2  2  2 cos   3sin   r  12  0
Length of chord will be difference of roots, hence
2 12
4  2cos   3sin    48  8  tan   0, 
5
73. (ABC)
(A) (tan  + cot )2
= tan2 + cot2 + 2
= (1 + tan2) + (1 + cot2)
= sec2 + cosec2
1 1
= +
cos 2  sin 2 
= sec2 cosec2
(B) As 3 = 2 + 
 tan 3 = tan (2 + )
tan 2  tan 
tan 3 =
1  tan 2 tan 
 tan 3 – tan 2 – tan  = tan 3 tan 2 tan 
1  cot 2  cos ec 2  sin 2   cos2 
(C) = = = sec2  + cosec2 
1  sin 2  cos 2  sin 2  cos2 
     1  tan    1  tan   (1  tan ) 2  (1  tan ) 2

(D) tan     + tan     =  + =
4  4   1  tan    1  tan   1  tan 2 
(1  tan 2 ) 2
=2 2 = = 2 sec 2 ]
(1  tan ) cos 2
17
74. Purpose : General understanding of mathematical functions.
Sol. (D)
None of sin  ,cos  & sec  have their range as ‘R’, hence each of the given pair of coordinares represent
only part of parabola.
75. Purpose : Understanding of indeterminate forms to find unknown constants.

Sol. (B)(D)
 e ax  e x  x   ae ax  e x  1
 ax x

lim e  e  x  0  lim 2
 lim By L ' hospital Rule
x 0 x 0 x
x 0 2x
 a 2x 2   x2 
a  1  ax  ...  1  x  ...  1
Now lim  ae  e  1  lim 
ax x
2!   2! 
x 0 2x x0 2x
x2
 a  2    a 2  1 x   a 3  1 ...
or lim 2! .
x 0 2x
3
Hence a = 2 & L  .
2
76. (ABD)
[Sol. Let x = cos 
3
4 cos3 – 3 cos  = –
2
5 5 2n 5
cos 3 = cos  3 = 2n ±  = ±
6 6 3 18
5
put n = 0,  =
18
2 5 17 2 5 7
n = 1,  = + = ; = – = ]
3 18 18 3 18 18
77. Purpose : Properties of Scalar Triple Product.

Sol. (CD)
    

c  2 c a  ab   
   
c.c   a b c    (let )
    
c.b  2  a b c   2 (let ) ; c.a  0
  
a.a a.b a.c
   2   
 a b c   b.a b.b b.c
    
c.a c.b c.c
1 cos  0
2
  cos  1 2    2    4  2   cos2   5  sin 2     1
.
0 2  5
18
78. Purpose : Selection of r objects from n objects arranged in a circle.
Sol. (abcd)
n n  n  3
Number of diagonals in an n sided polygon = C 2  n 
2
The number of diagonals is = 54, hence n = 12.
Now number of triangles = 12 C3
Taking any side & a vertex not adjacent to any of the ends of selected side is possible in 12 X 8
ways i.e. 96.
Taking three consecutive vertices is possible in 12 ways.
To form a triangle we need to select any three vertices i.e.
79. Purpose : Application of derivative as slope of tangent to a given curve.

Sol. (A)(B)
dy
y  1  2e x   2e x
dx
Now if a tangent is drawn at (h, 1 + 2eh), then its equation will be y – 1 – 2eh = 2eh(x – h)
 3  h h  3 
If it passes through   ,0  , then 1  2e  2e    h 
 2   2 
 e h  2he h  1  0 , hence h = 0.
The equation of tangent is 2x – y + 3 = 0.
Similarly to  y  1  2e x , equation of tangent will be 2x + y + 3 = 0.
80. Purpose : Classifying general equation of second degree as of various conic sections.
Sol. (abcd)
Rearrange the given equation as
2(a +1)(x2  2x) + 3a(y2  4y)  16 = 0
or 2(a +1)(x  1)2 + 3a(y  2)2 = 14a 14.
Now if a = 1, then the above equation gives the point (1, 2)
If a > 1, then for a = 2, it gives a circle & for other values an ellipse.
If a = 1, then we get 3(y  2)2 = 28.
81. Purpose : Solving D.E. of higher degree using algebraic factorization.

Sol. (ab)
2 2
 dy  x 2  y 2  dy  dy x 2  y 2  x 2  y2 
   2    1  0     2 2 
1
 dx  x 2  y 2  dx  dx x 2  y 2 x y 
dy x  y xy
  or
dx x  y xy
dy x  y xdy  ydx xdx  ydy
  2  2
dx x  y x  y2 x  y2
y
 2 tan 1 ln  x 2  y 2   C
x
dy x  y
  xdy  ydx  xdx  ydy
dx x  y
 2xy  x 2  y 2  C .
19
82. Purpose : Manipulating given data using geometry of a hyperbola.
Sol. (ab)
2a
Dis tan ce between the directrices  4
e
Distance between the focus (6, 8) & the corresponding directrix 3x + 4y = 10
a
i.e. ae 8
e
Hence ae = 10.
a 10
Now ae   20  a  2 10, e 
e 2
83. (AC)
We have
 5 1  3 5
(sin 27° – cos 27°)2 = 1 – 2 sin 27° cos 27° = 1 – sin 54° = 1 –  4  =
  4
3 5
 | sin 27° – cos 27° | =
2

But for 0 <  < , sin  – cos  < 0,
4
3 5
So sin 27° – cos 27° = – Ans.
2
Alternatively: sin 27° – sin 63°
– 2 cos 45° sin 18°
 5 1 
 2   =  5  1 Ans. ]

 4  2 2
84.
Purpose : Redifine a function like Inverse trigonometric, GIF etc as piecewise to understand its characteristics.
Sol. (abc)
 1 1
4  4 cos x if 1  x  
2

 1 1
4 cos x  2 if 
2
x0
f  x   cos 1  8x 4  8x 2  1  f  x   
2  4 cos 1 x 1
if 0x
 2

 4cos 1 x 1
if  x 1
 2
Derive conclusions from the following graph,
20
85. (AB)
A–1A = I  AT A = I  (AT)TAT = I  AT is orthogonal
Also, (A–1)T = (AT)–1 = (A–1)–1 = A = A
 A–1 (A–1)T = I
 A–1 is orthogonal
Next, AAT = I  |AAT| = 1  |A| |AT| = 1
 |A|2 = 1  |A| = + 1.
As Adj. A = |A| A–1 = |A| AT, we cannot say, Adj. A = AT
Also, if |A| = 1, then |A–1|  –1.
86. (BC)
Area bounded by y = - ln x, x - axis & y - axis =  ln x dx  1

0
Area bounded by y = m(x - 1), x - axis & y - axis = |m/2|

1 m / 2 2
Given 1  m / 2  2  m   3
87. Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions/Orthogonal circles/Conditionof tangency.
Sol. (abc)
If the three circles cut each other orthogonally, then c1c2  r12  r2 2 , c2 c3  r2 2  r32 , c3c1  r32  r12 .
r12 r2 2 r32
Now cos  c1   ,cos  c2   ,cos  c3  
r12  r2 2 r32  r12 r12  r2 2 r2 2  r32 r32  r12 r2 2  r32
21
Hence the triangle can neither be right angled nor be obtuse angled.
r12 1
Also   3r14  r12  r2 2  r32   r2 2 r32  0
2
r  r2
1
2 2
r3  r
1
2 2
Which implies for every r2 & r3 there exists a corresponding r1, hence the triangle can be equilateral.
88. Sol. (ABCD)

(B) 1 > P(A) + P(B) – P(AB) or P(A B)  1  (B)
(C) Let P(A) > P(A/B)
P(A  B)
or P(A) >
P(B)
P(A). P(B) > P(AB) ....(1)
Now P(A/BC) > P(A)
P ( A  Bc )
> P(A)
P(B c )
P(A) – P(AB) > P(A) [ 1–P(B)]
– P(AB) > – P(A). P(B)
or P(A). P(B) > P(AB) ....(2)
from (1) and (2) P(A) > P(A/B)  P(A/Bc) > P(A).

Sol. (B)
Any point on the line through P(–1,1) at a distance of r from P will be  1  r cos  ,1  r sin   , where tanq is
slope of the line. If this line meets xy = 1 in A & B, then  1  r cos  1  r sin    1 will have PA & PB as its
roots. Also for the point R, x  1  PR cos & y  1  PR sin  .
x 1 y 1
Hence cos   & sin   .
PR PR
Now as PA, PR & PB are in A.P., hence PA + PB = 2PR
y 1 x 1
sin   cos  
  2 PR  PR PR  2 PR  2 xy  x  y
.
sin  cos  x 1 y 1
.
PR PR
90. (BD)
s (s  b) s (s  c) 2s(s  a )
[Sol. Given  
  
s – b + s – c = 2(s – a)  b + c = 2a  B, D]
91. Purpose : To find the greatest numerical term of a binomial expansion.

Sol. (A)(B)
9
Tr  1 C r a 9  r . (2 x) r 9  r  1 2x 9r1 2 10  r 2
= 9 9  r 1 r 1
= = =
Tr C r 1 9 (2 x) r a r 3 r 3
10  r 2
 Tr + 1 > Tr if >1 i.e. 20 > 5 r i.e. r < 4
r 3
Hence for values of ' r ' upto 3 , Tr + 1 < Tr
22
when r = 4 , Tr + 1 = Tr i.e. T4 = T5 & both of them are the greatest terms.

Sol. (abc)
Suppose degree of f(x) is n, then the degree of f ' is n - 1 and degree of f '' is n - 2.
So, n = (n - 1) + (n - 2)  n = 3
Hence, f(x) = ax 3  bx 2  cx  d
From, f  2x   f '  x  .f ''  x  , we have
8ax 3  4bx 2  2cx  d   3ax 2  2bx  c   6ax  2b 
Comparing coefficient of terms, we have a  4 / 9, b  0, c  0 and d = 0.
4x 3
 f x 
9
93. Purpose : Eq. of tangent in terns of slope.

Sol. (C)
1 y 1
y  mx   m 2 x  my  1  0  tan 1  tan  2  & tan 1. tan  2  .
m x x
Now tan 1   2   1  tan 1  tan  2  1  tan 1. tan  2  y  x  1 .

Sol. (A)(B)
/ 4 / 4  /4
a 2  b2   ln  sin x cos x  dx  a 2  b 2   ln  sin 2x  dx   ln 2 dx
0 0 0
/ 2
1 
2x  t  a 2  b 2 
2  ln  sin t  dt  4 ln 2 .
0
 /2 / 2 / 2
Now a1   ln  sin t  dt   ln  cos t  dt  2I   ln  sin t cos t  dt
0 0 0
 /2 / 2  / 2
1  
 2a1   ln sin 2x  dx  
0 0
ln 2 dx   ln  sin x  dx  ln 2 
20 2  ln  sin x  dx  2 ln 2
0
 
 a1   ln 2  a2  b2   ln 2 .
2 2
95. (BCD)
[Sol. The fact that the two circumcircles are congruent means the chord AD must subtend the same angle in both the
circles.
i.e. ABC = ACB
  ABC is isosceles.
Now AM is the altitude of ABC
18 ·12 1
AM = 12  Area = = 108 ( = ( base )(altitude )
2 2
23
12  4
Also tan B = tan C =  B = tan–1  
9  3
 4  1 2 · ( 4 3) 
 A =  – 2 tan–1   =  –    tan 1  (16 9) 
 3  
1  24 
= tan    B, C, D]
 7 
96. Purpose : Manipulating given functional relations to define composite functions and derive required conclusions.
Sol. (abcd)
n n
 x   x 
f  x   lim  cos   lim 
 n   1   cos  1 
n  n n 
    

1 x 
  x
 x  1 x  2 n  1n
lim  cos 1 n  lim 2sin 2   n 2 lim  2 lim
n  n  1 n  4 1
 n
2 n  n
e e
e n
e n
 e  x/ 2
y = f(x) = e  x / 2 , x  0 range = (0, 1]
n e
1/n
1 
n 

g(x) = lim 1  x  x n e  e
lim x
n 1/ n
 ex
 xR
1 1 1

h(x) = tan g  f  x   
x 1 1
  ln y, x  2 ln , f 1  x   2 ln 0  x 1
2 y x
y = g(x) = ex
x = ln y g 1  x   ln x
1  1   1 
Or g  2ln   ln  2 ln    for 0 < x < 1.
 x   x 
1   1 
Or h(x) = tan  ln  ln 2   for 0 < x < 1
  x 
ln f  x  x / 2 1
lim  lim 
x 0 ln g  x  x  0 x 2
Domain h(x) is (0, 1)
h(x) = tan-1(ln(ln 1/x2)) 0<x<1
 Hence   ln ln 1/ x   
2
 
97. Purpose : Selection of objects at gaps from a circle.
Sol. (B)(C)
Number of ways to chose r objects from n objects placed in a circle = n  r 1 C r  n  r 1 C r 2
Hence required number of ways to make 6 people sit in such a way on 6 out of 15 seats will be
24
more integrals.
Sol. (abcd)

1 1 x  2

2  3 5 3 5
 x  3x  2    0  x  1 or 2  x 
 2 2
 3 5 3 5
1 0x or  x 3
 2 2
3 5
1 2
3 5
If a = 1, then   x 2  3x  2  dx   1dx 
0 0
2
3 5 3
3/ 2 2 2
2 2 5
If a = 3/2, then   x  3x  2  dx   1dx    1 dx 
0 0 1
2
3 5
2 2 2
If a = 2, then   x 2  3x  2  dx   1dx    1 dx  1  5
0 0 1
3 5
3 2 2 3
 x 2  3x  2 dx  1dx    1 dx  1dx  2  5
If a = 3, then    
0 0 1 3 5
2
99. Purpose : To find line of intersection of two planes.

Sol. (B)(C)
Given, x  y  z  1  0 and 4 x  y  2 z  2  0
 Direction ratios of the line are ( 3, 6, 3) .
i.e.,  1, 2,1 
Let z  k , then x  k  1 , y  2  2k
i.e., ( k  1, 2  2k , k ) is any point on the line
100. (BD)
Let the point be  
6 cos , 2 sin  , then
1
6 cos 2   2 sin 2   4 or sin    .
2
 3 5 7
Hence eccentric angle of such a point may be one of , , or .
4 4 4 4
x y
Tangents at these points will be    1.
12 2
25
101. Purpose : Homogenizing general equation of second degree.
Sol. (cd)
Eq. of pair of the given lines is x 2  y 2  2 x  1  0 . Also equation of any line through (2, 0) and slope m will be
y  m  x  2  . Homogenising the pair of given lines with this eq. gives
2
 mx  y   mx  y 
x2  y 2  2x      0  m 2 x 2  2mxy  1  4m 2  y 2  0 .
 2m   2m 
If this represents a pair of mutually perpendicular lines, then
2 1
Coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0  1  3m  0  m   .
3
102. (AC)
2
a b a b a  bc ad  db 
We have A2 =  c d   c d  =  ac  cd bc  d 2 
     
As A satisfies, x2 + k = 0, A2 + kI = O
a 2  bc  k (a  d ) b 
   =O
 (a  d ) c bc  d 2  k 
 a2 + bc + k = 0 = bc + d2 + k = 0 and (a + d)b = (a + d) c = 0
As bc  0, b  0, c  0  a + d = 0  a = – d  (A)
Also, k = –(a2 + bc) = –(d2 + bc) = – ( (–ad) + bc ) = |A|  (C)
103. (BC)
AB AB C
[Sol. We have 2 cos cos = 4 sin2 [QUIZ]
2 2 2
AB C  C A  B
or cos = 2 sin  sin  cos 
2 2  2 2 
AB AB
or cos = 2 cos
2 2
AB AB AB
or cos  cos = cos
2 2 2
A B A B A B
2 sin sin = cos cos  sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B A B
3 sin sin = cos cos
2 2 2 2
A B 1
or tan tan =
2 2 3
  1 sc 1
Now · = ; =
s (s  a ) s (s  b) 3 s 3
 2s = 3c a + b + c = 3c
 a + b = 2c  a , c , b are in A.P. ]
104. Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle/Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions.
Sol. (B)(C)
26
(1, 1) is collinear with (3, 2) & (7, 4) hence according to PA.PB = PT2, length of tangent will be independent of
radius and centre, hence (B) is correct.
2
 AB 
Also smallest such circle will be drawn on AB as diameter, hence its area will be     5 .
 2 
105. (ABD)
P(A  B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B)
5 3 4 2 1
=  – P(A  B)  P(A  B) = =
8 8 8 8 4
Now P A B =
P Ac  B
 c
=
P(B)  PA  B 

 2 8
=1– · =
1 
P(B) P(B) 8 4 2

2 P A  Bc 
2 P(A )  PA  B 3 2 1

2P A B c
 = c
P(B )
=
1  P(B)
= 4   =
8 8 2
 (A) is correct
P(A  B) 1 2 1
PA B = P(B)
= · = = P(B)  (B) is correct
4 1 2

P A c  Bc 
1  PA  B  5 3
again P A B  c c
 =
P(B )c =
1  P(B)
= 21   =
 8 4
1 1

c
P(B)  P(A  B) 2 4
P(B  A ) 1 8 2

P B Ac  =
1  P(A )
= 58 = 5 = · =
4 5 5
8
Hence   
8 P A c Bc  15 P B A c   (C) is not correct
1 1
again 2P A B  = c from (1)  
P A Bc = = P(A  B)
2 4
hence (D) is correct.
106. Purpose : Solving an exact differential equation.

Sol. (abc)
 5x 4
 2xy 3  3x 2 y 2  dx   5y 4  2yx 3  3x 2 y 2  dy  0
 
As
y
 5x 4  2xy3  3x 2 y2  
x
 5y4  2yx 3  3x 2 y2  , hence the given D.E. is exact.
Sol. is x 5  x 2 y3  x 3 y 2  y5  0 .
107. (AC)
Purpose : Differentiating a definite integral to redefine a function given in terms of integral.Sol. (A)(C)
1
f 'x   1  sin x for x  0
x
3
Hence f '  x  is continuous on  0,   but not differentiable at x  2n  (n is a non
2
negative integer).
Both f(x) and f ‘(x) are positive for all x > 1 and f '  x   2  1 for x  1 .
27
x
Since, 0   1  sin t dt   
2  1 x for x  0 , lim f  x   
x 
0
So, there exists   1 such that f  x   2  1 and this implies that
f '  x   2  1  f  x  or f '  x   f  x 
Also lim f  x    & lim f '  x    hence lim f  x   f '  x   

x 0 x 0 
x 0
 
108. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using integration by parts/reduction formula..
Sol. (bc)
 
n x2 2
In   x e dx   x n 1 x e  x dx
0 0

2 
d 2 
 In   x n 1  x e  x dx      x n 1   x e  x dx dx
 0
0  dx 
 
2  x n 1  n  1 n 2  x2
x  t  In    x 2   x e dx
 2e  0 2 0
n 1
 In  In 2
2
Case I : n = 2m  In 
 2m  1 2m  3 2m  5  ...1 I  2m  1! a 
m 0 2m 1
2 2  m  1!
 2m  2  2m  4 2m  6 ...2 I   m  1 !
Case II : n = 2m -1  In  1 .
2m1 2
109. ABC
[Sol. We have AE = EP = AP = 1  AP = PT = 1
 APT is isosceles
This makes AET a 30°–60°–90° triangle,
so AT = 3 x and ATX = 150°
Since TX = 2
 By applying Cosine rule in ATX, we get
(AX)2 = 3 + 4 – 4 3 cos 150 = 7 + 6 = 13  AX = 13
13  1  16 2 1
 cos XAE = = =  A, B, C are correct]
(2) ( 13 ) (1) 2 13 13
110. Purpose : Evaluating limit of a composite function f(g(x)) by understanding behavior of g(x) in neighborhood of
given point.
Sol. (C)
tan x
As f  x   > 1, hence [f(x)] = 1 & {f(x)} = 1 - f(x).
x
1 1
x 0

Now lim f  x    x 2
  x 
f  
 lim 1  x
x 0
2
 1
tan x
x
28
x3
x  tan x
 lim it  lim e
x 0
111. Purpose : Understanding geometrical characteristics of various curves.

Sol. (abcd)
Let P & Q be the centers of the two given circles, R be the center of variable circle and radius of variable circle
be r.
Case I : the given circles dont have any region common and r1  r2 .
PR = r1 + r & QR = r2 + r => PR QR = r1 r2
Hence locus of R will be a hyperbola with P & Q as foci.
Case II : the given circles dont have any region common & r1 = r2.
PR = r1 + r & QR = r2 + r => PR QR
Locus will be perpendicular bisector of PQ.
Case III : One given circles lies inside the other and circles are not concentric.
PR = r1 + r & QR = r2 r => PR QR = r1 r2
Hence locus of R will be an ellipse with P & Q as foci.
Case III : The two circles are concentric.
PR = r1 + r & QR = r2 r => PR = (r1 r2)/2
Hence locus of R will be a circle with P/Q as center.
112. Purpose : Inequalities involving definite integrals/Mean values.

Sol. (ad)
1 3 3 1 3
 x 2  2x   for  x 
2 2 4 2 2
3/2
  3 3
hence   sin 1  x 2  2x   dx  sin 1 .
6 1/ 2  2 4
113. (ABD)
   
[Sol. (A) r= ; r1 = ; r2 = ; r3 =  (A) is correct
s sa sb sc
A s s 4s 2 (a  b  c ) 2
(B)  cot 2
=

[(s  a )  (s  b )  (s  c )] =

[s ] =
4
=
4
(a  b  c ) 2
 A = 4  (B) is correct
 cot 2
(C) Using a2 + b2 – c2 = 2ab cos C
sin B
given (a2 + b2 – c2)tan B = 2ab cos C  4  (C) is NOT correct
cos B
Note: C could not be correct if tan B  tan C
(D) b sin 2C + c2 sin 2B
2
using b = k sin B, b [k sin B · 2sin C cos C]  c k sin C 2sin B cos B

2bc sin B cos C + 2bc sin C cos B
2bc(sin B cos C + cos C sin B)
2bc sin(B + C) = 2bc sin A = 4  (D) is correct ]
29
114. Purpose : Distance between parallel lines/angle between lines/Manipulating the given data to obtain required
conclusions
Sol. (bd)
Note that the lines are parallel.
Find the distance between the lines and then use trigonometry to find angle made by the unknown line with the
given lines & henceforth slope of the unknown line.
115. Purpose : Co-relating various characteristics of a function.

Sol. (bc)
As, (f(x) – x) f (x) < 0  xR
 ((f(x) – x) > 0 and f (x) < 0) or {(f(x) – x) < 0 and f (x) > 0}
Can’t be true as f(x) –x > 0 and f (x) is decreasing. Then f(x) has to cut the line y = x
Similarly, f(x) – x < 0 are f(x) is increasing is not possible
Also f(x) – x  0  f(x) = f–1(x) has no solution.
116. Purpose : Use of condition of tangency/Eq. of tangent in terns of t.

Sol. (A)
1 2
Eq. of tangent in standard form is tx    y  2   t . Substituting (1/2, 2) gives
2
t = 0 & 1. Hence the tangent lines are y  2 & 2 x  2 y  5 , but y = 2 does not cut the second curve in two
points hence only 2x + 2y = 5 is the required line.
117. (AD)
(A) Number of ways to select & arrange 3 objects out of n objects
= n C3  3!
(D) Each price may be given in 30 ways so Number of ways of distributing 3 prizes
= 30 X 30 X 30.

Sol. (bc)
1 1
I dx  dx
3x  x 2  2  x  1 2  x 
Let x  cos 2   2sin 2 , dx  2sin  cos d
x 1
I   2d  2  C  2 tan 1 C.
2 x
Alternately
1 1
I dx   dx
2 2
3x  x  2 1  3
x  
4  2
I  sin 1  2x  3  C .
119. (ACD)
   
[Sol. Let sin 1 x  2 =   where   0,   ......(i)
  2 
30
then (x – 2) = sin2   3 – x = 1 – (x – 2) = 1 – sin2 = cos2
1
  = cos 3 x .....(ii)
cos2  3 x  3 x 
Also cot2 = =   = cot–1   ......(iii)

sin 2  x2  x2 
Also, sin2 = 2sin cos = 2 x  2 3  x

 1

 sin 2 ( x  2) (3  x ) , if 0    4
 2 =   


  sin 1 2 ( x  2) (3  x ) , if
4
  
2

 1
 
sin 2 (x  2) (3  x ) , if 0    4
 =    ......(iv)

 4

cos 1 2 ( x  2) (3  x ) , if   
2
From (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) it is clear that

3 x
y = cos–1 3  x , y = sin–1 x  2 and y = cot–1
x2
  1 1  
 2 2

have identical graphs in the range  0,  but y = sin 2 (3  x )(x  2) has range  0,  ]
 4

Sol. (AB)
5 6 5
1  x  1  x   1  x  1  x 2  , Hence coeff. of x4 = 5C2 .
r
Alternatively General term in the product is  1 6Cr 5C5 x r  p , hence for coeff. of x4 ,
r + p = 4, which gives Coefficient of x4 = 6C0 5C4  6C1 5C3  6C2 5C2  6C3 5C1  6C4 5C0
4
r 6
=   1 Cr 5C4 r .
r 0
121. (CD)
Note that A is non singular but B is singular hence only A–1 exists
Now XA = B  X = BA–1 .....(1)
and AY = B  Y = A–1B ....(2)
1   1 1
Also A–1 = .
3  4 1
31
122. (B)
122. Purpose : Properties of Scalar Triple Product.
     
a.a a.b a.c
       
Sol. [a b c]2 = b . a b . b 2
b . c = (1 – cos ) (1 + 2 cos )
     
c.a c.b c.c
123. (ACD)
P  E1  E 2 
P  E 2 E1  =
P (E 1 )
1 P  E1  E 2  1
=  P (E1  E2) = = P (E2). P  E1 E 2 
2 14 8
1 1 1
= P (E2) ·  P (E2) =
8 4 2
1
Since P (E1  E2) = = P (E1). P (E2)  events are independent
8
1 1 1 5
Also P(E1  E2) = +  =  E1 & E2 are non exhaustive ]
2 4 8 8
124. Purpose : Geometry of an ellipse/Properties of confocal conics.

Sol. (bc)
x2 y2
Any conic having its foci same as the given ellipse will have equation   1 , where is a variable
9 4
parameter.
h2 k2
Now if this curve passes through (h, k) then   1   2   h 2  k 2  13    4h 2  9k 2  36   0 .
9 4
x 2 y2 x 2 y2
Clearly for   6 we get the ellipse   1 & for   6 we get the hyperbola  1,
15 10 3 2
125. Purpose : Reflection property of an ellipse.

Sol. (ac)
Use the property that any line through one focus passes through the other focus after getting reflected from an
ellipse and there are two points on ellipse with abcissa 3.
Sol. (ab)
1
x2 1 1 2
I 4 dx   x dx
2 2
x  3x  1  1
 x   1
 x
 1  1
 I  tan 1  x    C or I   cot 1  x    C '
 x  x
1
Hence f  x   tan 1 x or  cot 1 x & g  x   x 
x
Now g  f 1  x    2 cos ec 2x .
32
127. (BCD)
1 0
PQ = 0 1
 
128. Purpose : Family of curves given by general equation of second degree/Condition on general equation of second
degree to represent a circle.
Sol. (ad)
Any curve passing through the points in which the pair of given lines meets the pair of coordinate axes will be
 px  y  1 x  2 y  3   xy  0 . For a circle coeff. of x2 = coeff. of y2. Hence p = 2. Also if P = 1/3, then
the lines will meet the axes in only three points and three non collinear points are always co cyclic.
129. Purpose : Finding extrema of an imlicitly defined relation depending on a constaint.

Sol. (ac)

Let x  r cos  & y  r sin , 0    , then z = r and
4
2 1
5r 2 cos 2   4r 2 sin  cos   r 2 sin 2   1  r 
2cos 2  2sin 2  3
dr sin 2  cos 2
r 2 2
d  2 cos 2  2sin 2  3
 
Now r is increasing if sin 2  cos 2  tan 2  1   ,
8 4

And r is decreasing if sin 2  cos 2  tan 2  1  0    .
8
 2 1
Now for  
8
,r 
3 2 2
 
i.e. 3  2 2 hence r  2  1 .

Sol. (bd)
x 2
 y  dx   y 2  x  dy  0  xdy  ydx  x 2 dx  y 2 dy
  d  xy    x 2 dx   y 2 dy
x 3 y3
 xy   C
3 3
1
x  0, y  1  C  .
3
Hence equation of the curve is x 3  3xy  y3  1 .
Now x  1  y3  3y  2  0
  y  1 y  1 y  2   0  y  1, 2 .
131. (ABC)
1 1
[Sol. We have tan A = and tan B = .
7 3
33
1
2 1
1  tan A 49 48 24
Now cos 2A = 2 = = = .
1  tan A 1  1 50 25
49
1 1
2  1
2 tan B  3 3 9 8 4
Also sin 2B = 2 = 1 = 5 and cos 2B = 1 = 10 = 5 .
1  tan B 1 1
9 9
 3   4  24
Also sin 4B = 2 sin 2B cos 2B = 2     = . ]
 5   5  25

Sol. (B)(C)
 
sin nx sin nx
In   dx  I n   dx (by substituting x as -x)

x
1  e sin x   1  e
x
sin x 

sin nx
 2In   dx

sin x

sin nx
 In   dx
0
sin x
 
sin 3x  sin x
 I3  I1   dx  2  cos 2x dx  0
0
sin x 0
 I0  I2  I4  ...  I 20 .

Sol. (D)
Let A be (h, k), then altitude = k
Also AB : AC = 2 : 1, hence AB2 = 4AC2.
2
Now AB2  h 2  k 2 & AC 2   6  h   k 2
2
 AC 2  12 
2
 4AC     10  20  96  AC  20  96
 4 
134. Purpose : Analysing characteristics like extrema & monotonocity depending on variable parameters.
Sol. (abc)
As f is differentiable at x = 1, hence
f ‘(1) = a + b + c = f ‘(1+) 2a + b => a = c
& f ‘(1) = 2a + b = f ‘(1+) = 2a => b = 0
a  x 2  1 x  1
Hence f  x   
 2ax x 1
34
Clearly f will have a finite minimum ‘a’ at x = 0 if a > 0 & a finite maximum ‘a’ at x = 0 if a < 0.
Also f increases when a & x are of same sign.
135. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using integration by parts.

Sol. (ac)
1
x 2ex 
1 x 2  1 ex  ex
 1
x
dx
0 x  1 0 
x 1
dx  0  x  1 e dx  a  a  e  2 .
1 2 1 1 1 1
 x  x x ex ex ex
0  x  1  e dx  0 e dx  2 dx 
0 x  1 0  x  12 dx  e  1  2a  0  x  12 dx
1
1
ex  x dx 
1
 de
x
dx 
Now  2
dx   e   x  12  0  dx
    x  12  dx
0  x  1  0  
1
e ex
  1  dx
2 0
x 1
1 2
 x  x e
Hence    e dx   a
0
x 1  2
136. (ABC)
(A) For domain of y = cos–1(ex), 0 < ex 1  x 0 or x (– , 0]
For range of y =   x , – y= x
 x 0 – y  0  y  (– , 0]
 Domain of y = cos–1(ex) is identical with range of y =   x .
tan 1 (1) , x  0
   
(B) y = tan–1(sgn x) = tan 1 0 , for x  0  Range of y = tan–1(sgn x) is  , 0, 
tan 1 (1) ,  4 4
 x  0
  3   
Also, y = cot–1(sgn x) =  tan 1 (sgn x )  Range of y = cot–1(sgn x) is  , , 
2  4 2 4

 Number of elements common in the range of y = tan–1(sgn x) and y = cot–1sgn x is only one i.e .
4
(C) y = sgn (cot–1x) = 1 x  R
 y = sgn (cot–1x) and y = 1 are identical functions.
   
(D) 1 < log2 (tan–1x) < 2  21 < tan–1x < 22  Not possible.  As  tan 1 x   2  ]
 2 2 
35
137. Purpose : Distributing n or less identical objects in r groups using a dummy group.
Sol. (ac)
Number of nonnegative integral solutions of x1 + x2 + x3 x n.
138. Purpose : Translating eq. of normal in standard form

Sol. (abc)
2
 1  3  3  1 1 1 3
Eq. of normal in standard form to  x     y   is t  y     x    t  t
 2  4  4  2 2 4
 7 9
Substituting  ,  gives t 3  13t  12  0  t  1, 3 & 4 .
2 2
Hence normals are x  y + 1 = 0, x  3y + 10 = 0 & 2x + 8y  43 = 0.
139. Purpose : Defining variable maximum/minimum of a function depending on an independent variable.

Sol. (ad)
f(x) = x3 – 6x2 + 9x – 3
f'(x) = 3x2 –12x + 9
f(x) is increasing in (0, 1) and decreasing in (1, 3).
Hence in (0, 1), g(x) = f(x) & in [1, 3], g(x) = 1
 x 3  6x 2  9x  3 , 0  x  3

gx   1 , 1 x  3
 4x , 3 x 4

140. (ABCD)
AB = O  | AB | = 0  | A | | B | = 0
 det A  0
 A–1 exist
 A–1(AB) = A–1(0) = 0
IB = 0
B = 0  B must be null matrix.
141. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties of periodicity

Sol. (abd)
f (4  x )  f (4  x)  f (2  2  x)
 f (2  (2  x ))  f ( x)
Similarily we can prove
f ( x )  f (4  x  4)  f (8  x )
 f (2  6  x )  f (2  (6  x))
36
 f ( x  4)
 f ( x)  f (4  x)  f (4  x)
4 2
 f ( x )dx   f ( x )  f (4  x) dy
0 0
2

0
 f ( x)  f (4  x)  dx
2
 2 f ( x)dx  10 then one can onclude.
0
142. (BCD)
5 1 1
P(A  B) = ; P(A  B) = ; P(B) =
6 3 2
P(A  B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A  B)
5 1 1 2
= P(A) + –  P(A) =
6 2 3 3
1
P(A  B) = = P(A) · P(B)  (B)
3
2
hence P(A / B) = P(A) =  (C)
3
P(B) 1 3 3
Also =  =  3P(A) = 4P(B)  (D).
P ( A) 2 2 4

Sol. (abcd)
Let the line be y = mx + c, now sum of perpendiculars on this line from the given points is 6 units, hence
2m  1  c  2 1  m 2 .
2
Therefore eq. of the line is y  mx  2m  1  2 1  m , which can be put in t he form
y  1  m  x  2   2 1  m 2 . This is in standard form eq. of tangent to a circle with centre at (2, 1) and radius
= 2. Also as x coord of centre is equal to rad. so the circle is tangential to Y – axis. intercept on X – axis =
2 g2  c  2 3 .
144. (ABD)
[Sol. We have f(x) = cos–1 (–{–x})
Df = R
As 0  {–x} < 1  x  R
 –1 < – {–x}
 
So Rf =  ,  
2 
Clearly, f is neither even nor odd.
But f (x + 1) = f (x)  f is periodic with period 1. ]
145. Purpose : Use of empirical result T = 0/Geometry of an ellipse/relation in various characteristics of an ellipse.
x 2 y2
Sol. (A)(B) Given eliipse is  1
4 b2
37
 b2 
The ends of latus recta are  2e,  
 2
e 1
The tangents at these point will be  x  y  1
2 2
Above equation represents four tangents and it always pass through one of the points (0, ± 2), irrespective of
value of b.
146. Purpose : Differentiating a definite integral to redefine a function given in terms of integral.
Sol. (cd)
because
as and is bounded.
integral.
Sol. (A)(D)
x 3t 3x
f (x)   dt  f '(x)   0 , hence f ( x ) is increasing
1 1 t2 1 x2
 0    , f ( )  f ()
x x
3t 1 3t 1 
for x > 3t  1  2
 2
  2
dt   2
dt  f (x)   tan 1 x
1 t 1 t 0 1 t 1 1 t 4
148. Purpose : angle between two lines.

Sol. (ac)
The given line meets x-axis at (1, 0)
Now find slope of the line after refraction by angle formula.
Find equation of line using one point slope form.
149. Purpose : Understanding geometrical characteristics of various curves.

Sol. (bcd)
Let S1(-1, 2) & S2(2, -2), then as given |S1P - S2P| = k.
Now S1S2 = 5, hence locus will be
(i) a hyperbola if k < 5
(ii) two rays if k = 5
(iii) no real locus if k > 5.
150. AB
3 1

1  5  1  3  1  1 
[Sol. B = sec    cos ec
1
5 = tan    tan   = tan 1 4 2  tan 1 2
4 4  2 3 1
1 ·
4 2
38
 7 13 
 25    
1  9   7   13 
   cot   = tan–1    tan   = tan 1  24 9   tan 1 3
1
C = cosec–1
 7   13   24  9  1  7 · 13 
 
 24 9 
  A =  –  B –  C =  – tan–1 2 – tan–1 3 = tan–11
1 2 3
 sin A = , sin B = and sin C =
2 5 10
c 1 3 c 2 3
 a = sin A · = ·  5 and b = sin B ·  ·  2
sin C 2  3  sin C 5  3 
   
 10   10 
(1) tan A = 1, tan B = 2, tan C = 3 are in A.P. Ans. (A)
(2) The triangle with sides a2, b4 and c will have side-length 5, 4 and 3 respectively
hypotenuse 5
 distance between orthocentre and circumcentre = circumradius = = Ans.
2 2
1 1 3 3
(3) Area of ABC,  = ab sin C = · 5 · 2 · = = r·s
2 2 10 10
All other parameters are irrational. Ans. (D) ]
151. Purpose : Checking continuity & differentiability of composit function of piecewise defined function.
Sol. (BD)
1  x, 0  x  2 2  x, 1  x  0
f x   & gx  
x  3, 2  x  4  2  x, 0  x  3
1  g  x  , 0  g  x   2
f g  x   
g  x   3, 2  g  x   4
1  x, 1  x  0
f g  x   
1  x, 0  x  2

Sol. (ABC)
r 2n
General term of the expansion is  2  nCr x 2n 5r , for a term independent of x r  , hence n must be a
5
multiple of 5. Value of n can’t be 7, 9 or 12.
integral.
Sol. (ac)
 
2 2
f (x)  sin x   (sin x)dt   tf (t)dt
 
 
2 2

2
f (x)  sin x   sin x  A, A   tf (t)dt


2
39
  
2 2 2
A  t[sin t   sin t  A]dt or A   t sin tdt   Atdt
  
  
2 2 2

2
A  2  t sin dt  2(1  )
0
f (x)  (1  )(sin x  2)
M  3(1   ); m  (1   )

Sum of numbers in A.P.
Sol. (A)(B)
let the terms be a  d, a, a + d, then a d + a + a + d = 6  a = 2.
5
Also (a  d)(A)(a + d) = 9/2  2a3 2ad2 + 9 = 0  d2 = 25/4, d   .
2
1 9 9 1
Hence the first three terms are  , 2, or , 2,  . Now sum of first 12 terms will be
2 2 2 2
12  9 5
S12  2.  12  1   3. 18  55  111 or
2 2 2
12   1  5
S12  2.     12  1   3.  2  55   159 .
2   2 2
155. Purpose : Application of normal form of equation of a plane.

Sol. (A)(B)
3x – 6y + 2z + 5 = 0 ....(i)
–4x + 12y – 3z + 3 = 0 ....(ii)
3x – 6y  2z  5 –4x  12y – 3z  3

9  36  4 16  144  9
bisects the angle between the planes that contains the origin.
13(3x – 6y + 2z + 5) = 7(–4x + 12y – 3z + 3)
39x – 78y + 26z + 65 = –28x + 84y – 21z + 21
67x – 162y + 47z + 44 = 0 ....(iii)
Further 3 × (–4) + (–6) (12) + 2 × (–3) < 0
 origin lies in acute angle
156. (AD)
1
[Sol. f (x) = | sin–1x | + cos–1  
x
Domain of f (x) is {–1, 1}
40
 3
f (1) = , f (–1) =
2 2
So function f (x) is injective
sgn(f (x)) = 1 (f (x) > 0)
  3 
Range of f(x) =  ,  ]
2 2 

Sol. (ac)
3 b1
a1 = 0, b1 = 32, a2 = a1 + b1 = 48, b2   16
2 2
3 16
a 3  48   16  72, b3   8
2 2
Y
X O 32 48 72 80 X
Y
So the three loops from i = 1 to i = 3 are alike.

1 2
Now area of ith loop (square) =  diagonal 
2
1 2 2
Ai   2bi   2  b i 
2
2
A i 1 2  bi 1  1
So, A  2

i 2  bi  4
So the areas form a G. P.
Hence the sum of the G. P. upto infinite terms
1 2 1 8
= Ai  2  32   = 2(32)2 (4/3) = (32)2 square units.
1 r 1 3
1
4
158. Purpose : Counting with the help of recurrence.

Sol. (bc)
If n lines divide a plane in L(n) planes, then
L(n) = L(n 1) + n
Hence L(10) = 2 + 2 + 3 + ...+ 10 = 56.

Sol. (abc)
If normals at P(t1), Q(t2) & R(t3) are concurrent at (h, 2a), then
2a  h
t1  t2  t3  0, t1t2  t2t3  t3t1  & t1t2t3  2
a
41
4a
Now eq. of PQ will be  t1  t2  y  2 x  2at1t2  t3 y  2 x  .
t3
2
 y  mx  am2 , m  
t3 .
This in standard form is eq. of tangent to x2 = 4ay.
160. (BCD)
 x x  x 
[Sol. sin–1  sin  = ;  –    –   x   BCD]
 2 2 2 2 2

Sol. (AD)
a, b, c are in A.P.  2b = a + c, also b < c < a + b.
b 2 b
 b  2b  a  a  b  1   2 & b  c  2b  c  b    1 .
a 3 c
162. Purpose : Inequalities involving definite integrals/Mean values.

Sol. (acd)
We know 3 + x5/2 > x2.  x  [1, 3]
3 3
3  x 5/ 2  x   (3  x 5/ 2 ) dx   x dx  4
1 1
Use 3  x 5/ 2  3  x 3 to obtain (C) 3 + x5/2 > 3 for x  [1, 3]

3 3
 3 x 5/ 2
 3   3  x 5 / 2 dx   3 dx  2 3
1 1
163. (ABC)
n n 1 n 1 n 1 n 1 1 n 2 1 n 2 1
B = A 2 = A 2· 2 = (A 2 )2 = ( A 1 ) 2 =  A 2  =  A 2 · 2  =  (A 2 ) 2 
     
n2 ( n 2 )
 
= ( A 1 ) 1 2 = A 2
so B = C
(B – C) = null  (B + C)(B – C) = 0  det. (B – C) = 0
 A, B, C are answers.
164. (AD)
P(A  B), P(A), P(B), P(A  B) are in A.P. with d = P(A)
 P(A) – P(A  B) = P(A)  P(A  B) = 0  A & B are ME
also P(B) – P(A) = P (A)  2P(A) = P(B)
 if P(A) = p ; P(B) = 2p
 (D) compatible means whcih can happen simultaneously.
165. Purpose : position of a point w.r.to a circle.

Sol. (abc)
(x - x2) (x - x3) + (y - y2) (y - y3) = 0 will be equation of a circle on (x2, y2) & (x3, y3) as diameter.
(x1, y1) will lie outside, inside or on the circle as according (x1 - x2) (x1 - x3) + (y1 - y2) (y1 - y3) is positive,
negative or zero.
42
166. Purpose : Using specifically given data to generate a shorter & direct approach.
Sol. (bd)
Note that  is right angled at (0, 6). Centre of the circle is (2, 3) . Slope of the line joining origin to the centre is
3/2 . Take parametric equation of a line through (2, 3) with
2 x2 y3
tan q = - as = = ± r where r = 13 .
3 cos sin 

Sol. (ab)
The given lines are tangents to the ellipse at the extremitiex of the major axis. As per gemetricalproperties of an
ellipse A circle drawn on points of intersection, of any tangent with tangents to the ellipse at the extremities of the
major axis, as diameter passes through the focii which are (3, 0) & (3, 0 )
168. (ABC)
 
[Sol. As  sin 1 x   – 1  x  1
2 2
3 2
   
2
 
2
0  sin 1 x  sin 1 y  sin 1 z  
2
4
3 2
   2
 
2
 sin 1 x  sin 1 y  sin 1 z 
4
2
is possible if x, y, z  {–1, 1}
 Possible values of x – y + z from the ordered triplet (x, y, z) are as follows :
__________________________
(x, y, z) x–y+z
__________________________
(– 1, –1, –1) –1
(– 1, 1, 1) –1
(1, – 1, 1) 3
(1, 1, – 1) –1
(1, 1, 1) 1
(1, – 1, – 1) –1
(– 1, 1, – 1) –3
(– 1, – 1, 1) 1
__________________________
Hence set of values of x – y + z is {±1, ± 3) ]

Sol. (A)(D)
dx sec x dx
I I
cos x cos 2x cos 2 x  sin 2 x
sec 2 x dx
I
1  tan 2 x
dt
tan x  t gives I    sin 1 t  C
2
1 t
1
hence I  sin  tan x   C
43
Sol. (ABCD)
1 1 1
a, b, c are in H.P.  , , are in A.P..
a b c
a bc a bc a bc
 , , are in A.P..
a b c
bc ca ab
 , , are in A.P.. [subtracting 1 from each term]
a b c
bc ca a bc
  1,  1, are in A.P..
a b c
a b c
Thus , , are in H.P..
bc ca ab
a b c
And , , are also in H.P..
bca ca b a bc
1 1 2b   a  c  2b   a  c 
Also b  2ac /  a  c  , so b  a  b  c   b  a  b  c   b 2  b a  c  ac
 
2b  2ac / b 2 b 2  ac 2
  . 
b 2  b  a  c   ac b b 2  ac b
 b  b b b2
Lastly,  a   c    ac   a  c  
 2  2 2 4
b 2ac b 2 b2
 ac  .  
2 b 4 4
b b b
a  , , c  are in G.P..
2 2 2
171. (AB)
 
 2x ; 0x 
2
  3
[Sol. f(x) =   ; x
 2 2
4   2 x ; 3
 x  2
 2
Clearly f(x) is periodic function with period 2. The graph of f (x) is shown below.
Y



x=0 X]
 3 5 7
2 2 2 2
172. Purpose : Solving D.E. of higher degree using algebraic factorization.

Sol. (bd)
2
 dy  dy  dy  dy y 
x     y  x   y  0    1    0
 dx  dx  dx  dx x 
44
Now dy  dx  y  x  c1 & xdy  ydx  0  xy  c2

At (1, 2), c1 = 1 & c2 = 2.
173. Purpose : Use of general term formula & properties of A.P./G.P.

Sol. (ACD)
Let A.P. be a, a + d, a + 2d, ...
Let G.P. be d, da, da2, ....
d + da = 9
9
d
a 1
10
S10   a1  a10   155
2
2a + 9d = 31
81
2a   31
a 1
25
a ,2 = C.R. of G.P
2
d  3, 2 3 = common diff. of A.P = 1st term of G.P.
174. (AB)
[Sol. Domain of sin–1x and cos–1x,each is [–1, 1] and that of sec–1 x and cosec–1 x, each is (–, –1]  [1, )
 Domain of f(x) must be {–1, 1}  Range of f(x) will be {f(–1), f(1)}
where f(–1) = sin–1(–1) · cos–1(–1) · tan–1(–1) · cot–1(–1) · sec–1(–1) · cosec–1(–1)
      3       3 6
=  ·  ·  ·   ·  ·  = and f(1) = 0 {as cos–1 1 = 0}
 2   4  4   2  64
(i) Thus, the graph of f(x) is a two point graph which doesn't lie above x - axis.
 3 6
(ii) f(x)max= 0 and f(x)min =
64
3 6
Hence f ( x ) max  f ( x ) min 
64
(iii) f(x) is one-one hence injective.
(iv) Domain is {–1, 1}

 Number of non-negative integers in the domain of f(x) is one.]
175. Purpose : Solving a homogeneous D.E.

Sol. (abc)
dt 5  2t 3  3t 2
Let y  tx, then t  x  4
dx 5t  3t 2  2t
dt 5  t 5  t 3  t 2  1
 x 
dx 5t 4  3t 2  2t
45
5t 4  3t 2  2t dx
 5 3 2
dt  5
t  t  t 1 x
 ln  t 5  t 3  t 2  1  5ln x  ln C
y5  x 2 y3  x 3 y 2  x 5  0, as the curve passes through (0, 0).
Now y5  x 2 y3  x 3 y 2  x 5  0   x  y   x 2  y 2  x 2  xy  y 2   0
As x 2  y 2  0 & x 2  xy  y 2  0 do not represent a real curve hence the required solution is x + y = 0.
Required area is that of a triangle formed by x = 2, y = 0 & x + y = 0 i.e. 2 unit2.

Sol. (AD)
Clearly if a + b + c = 0, then x = 1 satisfies both the equations.

Sol. (ACD)
A. M. of x, z  y , G.M. of x, z  xz and A.M  G.M .
So, y 2  xz .
x y x y x y y z yz
  , 
2y  x x  z  x z 2y  z x
x y yz

x y y z
 2y  x 2y  z  .
2 z x
y( x  y  z ) 3y2
= 1  1 { x  z  2 y }
xz xz
x y yz y2
   2 1  3. 4 ( y 2  xz )
2y  x 2y  z xz
178. (AC)
p = a, q = a + d, r = a + 2 d, s = a + 3 d  f (x) =  2 d2
Also use R1  R1 – R2 and R2  R2 – R3.
179. Purpose : Understanding geometrical characteristics of a hyperbola.

Sol. (bc)
Locus of M is the hyperbola 3x2 y2 = 3.
180. Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions/Common tangents of

coingruent circles.
Sol. (bc)
15
Distance between the lines = = 3 5 = 2r. Equation of a line through (- 2, 2) having slope - 2 is 2x + y + 2
5
= 0. Solving it with L2 we get x = 1 & y = 4
 centre (- 1/2, - 1)  equation of circle is, x2 + y2 + x + 2y - 10 = 0 .
46
181. Purpose : Forming subsets of a set.
Sol. (abc)
We have following choices for each of the five elements
(i) not including in any subset in 1 way, (ii) including in exactly 1 subset in 3 ways, (iii) including in
exactly 2 subsets in 3 ways & (iv) including in exactly 3 subsets in 1 way
For exactly one common element one element must be given choice (iv) & rest of the ele
ments have choices (i), (ii) & (iii). Number of ways = 5 C1 7 4
For union to have three elements, these elements must be in at least one subset & rest two ele
ments must not be in any subset. Number of ways = 5 C3 73 .
For disjoint subsets each of the five elements must have choices (i) & (ii). Number of ways = 45.
For nonempty subsets, one subset can be constructed in 25 1 ways,
hence three subsets in (25 1)3 ways.
47
INTEGER TYPE SOLUTION
Integer Type Questions

Sol. [54]
Center of the given circle is O(4, – 3).
A
O
P (4, –3)
(2, 3)
B
The circumcircle of PAB will circumscribe the quadrilateral PBOA also, hence one of the diameters must be
OP.
 Equation of circumcircle of PAB will be (x – 2) (x – 4) + (y – 3) (y + 3) = 0
 x2 + y2 – 6x – 1 = 0 ....(1)
Director circle of given ellipse will be (x + 5)2 + (y – 3)2 = 9 + b2
 x2 + y2 + 10x – 6y + 25 – b2 = 0 ....(2)
 From (1) and (2), by applying condition of orthogonality, we get
2[– 3(5) + 0(–3)] = – 1 + 25 – b2  – 30 = 24 – b2
Hence b2 = 54 .

Sol. 
 = angle between a, c ;
– b  a  (a  c)
1 = | a || a  c |
1
 sin =
2
3. Purpose : To understand Argand plane/Complex numbers as ordered pair of coordinates.

Sol. [01]
Solving the equation of the lines we get z   z  z  i
i
  i  2;   2e  i , put it in the equation of the second line, we get
cos   sin   0
i
4
  i  2e
x   2
  x   1 .
4. [Sol. (2)
We have
 2  11   2 2 10   2 3 9   2 4 8 
a =  tan  tan 2    tan  tan 2    tan  tan 2    tan  tan 2 
 24 24   24 24   24 24   24 24 
 2 5 7    2 6 
+  tan  tan 2    tan 
 24 24   24 
1
 2
2  1  2
 2 
=  tan  cot 2  
2
 2
 +  2 3  2 3      2 1   
2
2 1      3  
 24 24    3 
 2 5 5 
+  tan  cot 2   1
 24 24 
Applying (tan2 + cot2) = 2 + 4 cot22
 70 2 5
= 2 + 4 cot2 + + 2 + cot +1
12 3 12
85 85 253
=
3 

 2
 2
 4 2  3  2  3  =

 3

 4( 2)( 4  3) =
3
 2  11   2 2 10   2 3 9 
|||ly b =  tan  tan 2    tan  tan 2    tan  tan 2 
 24 24   24 24   24 24 
 2 4 8   5 7   2 6 
–  tan  tan 2    tan 2  tan 2    tan 
 24 24   24 24   24 
 2  
=  tan
 24 24  
 cot 2  – 2  3 2  2  3     + 
2
 
2 1 
2

2 1
2
 1  2 2
–     3   +  tan 2 5 5 
 cot 2  – 1
 3    24 24 
 2   1   2 5 
=  2  4 cot  – [2 × (4 + 3)] + 2(2 + 1) –   3  +  2  4 cot  –1
 12  3   12 
10

= 2 + 4 2 3 
2
– 14 + 6 –
3 
+ 2 + 4 2 3 
2
–1
10 10 153  10 143
= 4(2)(4 + 3) – 5 – = 51 – = =
3 3 3 3
 253  143 506  143 363
 (2a – b) = 2  = = = 121
 3  3 3 3
 143  253 286  253 33
and (2b – a) = 2 3   3 = = = 11
1
  3 3
Hence log(2b – a)(2a – b) = 2 Ans. ]
5. Purpose : Number of divisors of a composite number.

Sol. [360]
Let n  2.3.5.7  ...
Then no of divisors of n  (   1) (  1) (   1) (  1)
= 24
 possible values of ,   ,  can be obtained as follows
n  2    1  24    23 but n  223 is large
Assuming 2 factors is n  2.3  (  1)(  1)  24 etc
Finally we get for   3;   2 and   1 and   0 ...
2
n min = 23.32.51  360
6. Purpose : Evaluating an indefinite integral by transformations & substitutions.

Sol. [07]
1
f (x)    sin x  sin x  1 sin x  2 sin x  4 sin x  cos x dx
6 2 12 8 6 4
1
1
 f (x) 
8
 8sin 7
x cos x  8sin 3
x cos x  8sin x cos x  sin 8
x  2sin 4
x  4sin 2
x 4
Let sin 8 x  2 sin 4 x  4sin 2 x  t 4 , 8sin 7 x cos x  8sin 3 x cos x  8sin x cos x  dx  4t 3 dt
1 4
 f (x)  t dt
2
5
 f (x) 
 sin8 x  2sin 4 x  4sin 2 x  4 C
10
Now f  0   0  C  0
4
    5
10  f     7.
  2 
7. Purpose : Using range of trigonometric functions to find unknown parameters.

[Sol. [00]
1  sin  sin 
tan  
cos  cos 
cos 2  0  1  tan 2   0
 [1  cos(   )][1  cos(   )]  0
Which is not possible.
8. Sol.[00]
(x – a) (x – b) (x – c) (x – d) – 9 = (x – r)4
on comparing coefficient of x3
a + b + c + d = 4r.
9. Sol. [06]
Let the two numbers are 'a' and 'b'
a  b  4 p  p, q  I
a  b  4q 
2a = 4(p + q)  a = 2I1
2b = 4(p – q)  b = 2I2
Hence both a and b must be even. Also note that if (a – b) is a multiple of 4 then (a + b) will automatically be
a multiple of 4.
Hence n(S) = 11C2
6
n(A) = (0, 4), (0, 8), (2, 6), (2, 10), (4, 8), (6, 10) = 6  P(A) = 11
C2
3
10. Purpose : Understanding single A.M. of n given numbers

Sol. [25]
Let r  1, r , r  1 be the removed terms, then
n  n  1
  3r  155 n  n  1  6r 310
2     11n 2  299n  930  66r
n3 11 n3 11
But 2  r  n  1 , hence 132  11n 2  299n  930  66n  66 .
Solving the two inequalities gives 25  n  30 . But except for n = 25 for other integers in this interval r is not
integral, hence n = 25.

Sol. [00]
Consider the expansion of (1 x)n, replace x with x5, multiply throughout by x3 on both the sides and
differentiate w.r.to x. Now put x = 1 to get S = 0.
12. Purpose : Application of derivative as slope of tangent to a curve.

Sol. [07]
dy
 2x  4  y  x 2  4x  c As the curve passes through (2 , 12) hence c = 0.
dx
0
Now 3 1  x  4x  dx  7 .
2
13. Sol. [12]

Purpose : Image of a point or line in a line/geometry of triangles.
C will be image of A in 3x – 4y = 20 i.e. (7, –6).
Also image of A in 2x – y = 5 will lie on BC. Hence a point on BC is (5, 0).
Now eq. of BC will be 3x + y = 15.
14. [Sol.
(A) We have 4[(cos 24° + cos 48°) – (cos 84° + cos 12°)] = 4[2 cos 36° cos 12° – 2 cos 48° cos 36°]
= 8 cos 36° [cos 12° – cos 48°] = 8 cos 36° [2sin 30°sin18°]
5 1 1 5  1 5 1 4
= 16 × × × = = =2
4 2 4 2 2
(B) We have x3 – 8(a – b) x2 + (2a – 3b) x – 4(b + 1) = 0
tan  tan  tan 

 tan  = 8(a – b)
 tan  tan  = (2a – 3b)
and  tan  = 4(b + 1)
 tan    tan  8(a  b)  4(b  1) 4(2a  2b  b  1)
Now, tan () = 1   tan  tan  = =
1  (2a  3b) (1  2a  3b)
4(2a  3b  1) 1
= = – 4  cot () = –
(1  2a  3b) 4
 8 cot () = – 2
Hence | AB | = 4 ]
4
15. Purpose : Evaluating limit of a function.

Sol. [02]
sin x
1
sin x   x
  sin x  
sin x/ x 1
 sin x  x  sin x 
lim   = x 0   1   x  1  
lim

x 0
 x    
 
= e–1
1 1
lim x 1 x = lim[1  (x  1)]1 x = e–1
x 1 x 1
So, their sum = 2e–1
16. Purpose : Translating equation of a parabloa/Theory of quadratic equations.

Sol. [02]
2
y  x 2  4ax  a 4   x  2a   y   a 4  4a 2 
2
ordinate of vertex of the parabola = a 4  4a 2   a 2  2   4 .
17. Purpose : Integration by parts to derive a reduction formula.

Sol. [09]
1 n 1 n 1
In   ex 1  x  dx  In  n  ex 1  x  dx
 
In
or n
In 1
I9
Hence I  9 .
8
18. [Sol.  Centroid divides line joining orthocentre & circumcentre in the ratio 2 : 1
 7 5 
 2   1 2 2   1 4 
 2 , 2 
 A =  2 1 2  1  = (3, 3)
 
 
 OA = 3 2
x coordinate of point P = OA cos 45° + AB cos 45° + BC cos 45° .........
 OA OA  1 OA 2
= cos 45°  OA    ........ = × = 3 2  6
 2 4  2 1 2
1
2
y-coordinate of P = OA sin 45° – AB sin 45° + BC sin 45° ..........
= sin 45° (OA – AB + BC ........ )
 1
OA OA  1 OA 2 2 3 2
 OA 
=  ......... = = OA = =2
 2 4
2  2 1   1  3 2 3 2
 
 P  (6,2)  2
  +  = 8 Ans. ]
5
19. Purpose : General definition of parabola as a locus.

Sol. [01]
The given point will lie inside the parabola with (1, 1) as focus & x + y = 0 as directrix.

Sol. [04]
let x  r cos , y  r sin ,

1
then r 2 
sin   sin  cos2   cos4 
4 2
4 8 1 4 4
 r 2  2  A    d
4  3sin 2  2 0 4  3sin 2 2
8  1
Let tan 2  u, then A  du
 0 4  u 2

8 1 u
 A   tan 1   4 .
 2 2 0
21. Purpose : To understand geometrical characteristics & definition of a hyperbola.

Sol. [04]
Angle beetween the asymptote is 900.
Asymptotes will be lines passing through (1, 1) and making the angle 450 with x + y = 2
i.e. x = 1 & y = 1. Hence the hyperbola is (x - 1)(y - 1) = c.
As it passes through (5, 2) hence c = 4. Conclusively the hyperbola is (x - 1)(y - 1) = 4.
22. Purpose : Differentiation to find the value of a specific expression using algebraic manipulations.
Sol. [4]
Taking logarithm of both sides, we get
  1 
ln y = x  ln  1   
  x 
y' 1
  ln 1  x   ln x 
y 1 x
2
y '' y   y '  x
 2
 2
 y 1  x 
6
2
Now  y '   yy" y '  ln 4 .
23. Purpose : Application of theory of equations to deal with concyclic points.

Sol. [02]
Let P(1, t), Q(t, 1) & R(t, t). Clearly PR & QR are mutually perpendicular, hence PQ is a diameter. Eq. of circle
on PQ as diameter is  x  1 x  t    y  t  y  1  0 .
The Circle will always pass through (1, 1), hence a2 + b2 = 2.
24. [04]
n2 3 2
adj  adj A  A A A A  here n  3
3
det  adj  adj A   A det A
4 4
 A   23  A  3u  11  23
u  4
25. [Sol. (4)

Let E= sec  + sec 2 + sec 4, where 7 = 2
1 1 1 cos 2 cos 4  cos 4 cos   cos  cos 2
=  =
cos  cos 2 cos 4 cos  cos 2 cos 4
1 2
But cos  cos 2 cos 4 = where =
8 7
Hence E = 4 [2 cos2cos4 + 2 cos4cos + 2 coscos2]
= 4 [cos6 + cos2 + cos5 + cos3+ cos3 + cos]
= 8 [cos + cos2 + cos3]
(As cos6 = cosand cos5 = cos2)  2 
As   7 , so 
Now let S = cos +cos2 + cos3  2 4 8 
    cos  cos 2 cos 4  cos cos cos 
2 sin S=2sin cos+2sin cos2 + 2sin cos3  7 7 7
2 2 2 2  3 2 2 4 8 16 
2 sin cos cos cos sin
3  5 3  7 7 7 7  7 
  
= sin – sin + sin – sin 2 2
2 2 2 2  8 sin 8 sin 
 7 7 
7 5  7 
 sin  2  2   
+ sin – sin = – sin (as sin = sin  = 0)   7  1 
2 2 2 2   
2 8
 8 sin 
1  7 
 S=–
2
Hence E=–4  | E | = 4 Ans.]
26. Purpose : Integration by parts to derive a reduction formula.

Sol.. [09]
 

2n  x2 1  x 2n 1  2 2
In   x e dx   x2 
  e  x x 2 n 2dx
0 2n  1  e  0 2n  1 0
2 I 2n  1 I I 9 7 I 63
 In  I n 1  n1   5 4    5 .
2n  1 In 2 I4 I3 2 2 I3 4
7
27. Purpose : Nature/number of roots of an equation reducible to quadratic.

Sol. [07]
Let us form that equation having roots y = g (xi) i.e., y = x2 – 2
x  y2
5 2
  y2   y2  1  0
5 4 3 2
 y  20y  40y  79y  74y  23  0
 1   2   Product of roots
 g x .....g x
= -23
x x x x x  1  g x x ......x
1 2 3 4 5  1 2 5   1
g x g x 1   2 ......g  x5   30g  x1x 2 ......x5   7 .
28. [Sol. 1 < 2 < 3

  is opposite to side 1
2 2
cos  = ; cos2 =
3 3
4 1
cos 2 = 2 cos2 – 1 = 1 =
3 3
1 7
cos 4 = 2 cos22 – 1 = 2 ·  1 = –
9 9
49 98  81 17
cos 8 = 2 cos24 – 1 = 2 · 1 = = Ans. ]
81 81 81
29. Purpose : Geometrical Applications of derivatives.

Sol. [03]
Write required area as a function of & then use maxima/minima.

Sol. [02]
S  1  2.2  3.2 2  4.23      100.299
2 S  1.2  2.22  3.23      99.299  100.2100
 S  1  2  22  23      299  100.2100
S  100.2100   2100  1  99.2100  1 , hence m = 99, n = 100 & t = 1.
mnt
= 2.
100
8
31. Purpose : Use of Newton Leibnitz formulae to differentiate a definite integral for the purpose of evaluating it.
Sol. [10]

Let I   2 dx
0
 a 2 cos2 x  b2 sin 2 x 

dt 
tan x = t, sec2 x dx = dt gives I   2 2
 .
0 a  bt 2ab
 
dI 2
cos 2 x dx dI 2
sin 2 x dx
Then   2a 0 a 2 cos2 x  b2 sin 2 x 2 db
&   2b 0 a 2 cos 2 x  b2 sin 2 x 2
da    

2
1 dI 1 dI dx

Now 2a da 2b db   0 a 2 cos2 x  b2 sin 2 x 2
 

2
1  1  dx
Or 2a 2a 2 b  2b 2ab 2   2 2 .
0  a cos x  b sin x 
2 2 2

2
dx   a 2  b2 
Hence the given integral is  2

0 a 2
cos2 x  b 2 sin 2 x  3a 3 b3

Sol. [16]
15
 (1  x)  x  2
= (1 + x)15 + 15C1 (1 + x)14 x2 + 15
C2 (1 + x)13 x4 + ......
coefficient of x5 in (1 + x + x2)15
= co-eff. of x5 in (1 + x)15 + 15 co-eff. of x3 in (1 + x)14 + 15C2 co-eff. of x1 in (1 + x)13
15
15 . 14 . 13 . 12 . 4
= C5 + 15 . 14C3 + 15
C2 . 13C1 = 15
C5 + + 15
C2 . 13
1. 2 . 3. 4
15
15 . 14 . 13 . 3
= C5 + 4 . 15C4 + 15
C2 . 13 = 15
C5 + 4 . 15C4 +
1. 2 . 3
= 15
C5 + 4 . 15 C4 + 3 . 15 C3 = 16
C5 + 3  15
C4  15

C3 = 16
C5 + 3. 16 C4 .
33 (7442)
12
sin  =
37
20
cos  =
101
sin( + ) = sin  cos  + cos  sin 
12 20  35   99  240  (35) (99) 3705
= · +    = =
37 101  37   101  (37)(101) 3737
9
3737 p
 cosec( + ) = =  (p + q) = 7442 Ans.]
3705 q
34. Purpose : Linear dependence of three vectors.

Sol. [00]
a b c
b c a
=0
c a b
a+b+c=0
35. Purpose : Standard application of derivatives in evaluating maxima & minima.

Sol. 
x2 + 20  9x  x2 – 9x + 20  0
 (x – 4)(x – 5)  0
 A = [4, 5]
f(x) = 6x2 – 30x + 36
= 6(x – 2)(x – 3) > 0 on [4, 5]
Thus f increases on [4, 5], Therefore,
max f(x) = f(5) = 7.
36. Purpose : General geometry of a parabola/use of T = 0.

Sol. [03]
Equation of tangent to y = x2 at P(h, h2) will be hx = (y + h2)/2
This line meets y-axis at Q(0, h2) & y = h2 meets y-axis at Q(0, h2).
Required area is h3.

Clearly in [1, 3] area will be greatest at h = 3.
Required area is

Sol. [02]
f (x) + f (1 – x) = 1
f (a )
I1   xf (x(1  x)) dx
f (1 a )
10
f (a )
I1   {f (a)  f (1  a)  x}f {f (a)  f (1  a)  x}{1  (f (a)  f (1  a)  x  dx

f (1 a )
f (a )
I1   (1  x)f  (1  x)x  dx
f (1 a )
f (a )
I1   f (x(1  x))dx  I1
f (1 a )
2I1  I 2
I2
2
I1
38 [Sol. (1024)
We have
 5   5   5   5   5   5 
210 sin  11  cos 11  cos 10  cos 9 ..... cos 3  cos 2 
2  2  2  2  2  2 
10
2
5
sin
= 2  sin 450  1  1
10
2 210 210 1024
 Reciprocal of the value of the product = 1024 Ans. ]

Sol. [06]
xa  yb  zc
xb  yc  za
2 2
 
 a1  2b1   [ x ]  [ y ]  [ z ]  2  0
Let a  p1 3 , b  p1 3 , c  p1 3 2
xa  yb  zc
1
xb  yc  za
1   a12  2b12    [ x]  [ y ]  [ z ]  2  0 ... (1)

Taking conjugate
1   a12  2b12   2  [ x]  [ y ]  [ z ]   0 ... (2)
Adding (1) & (2) and subtracting (1) & (2) we get
xa  yb  zc
 a12  2b12  [ x ]  [ y ]  [ z ]  1
xb  yc  za
2 2 2 2
a1  2b1  1  a1  1  2b1  a1 is odd let a1  2n  1
2 2 2
a1   2n  1  1  2b1  b1  2n( n  1)
b1 is even prime then b1 = 2  a1  3
[ x  a1 ]  [ y  b1 ]  [ z ]  [ x]  a1  [ y ]  b1  [ z ]  6
11
Sol. [72]
f (x  h)  f (x  0) f(x)  f(h) h f(x) f(x) f(0) 0 f(x)
f (x) = lim  lim
h 0 h h0 h
 f (h)  f (0) 
 lim    f (x)
h 0
 h 0 
f(x) = f (x)
f (x)
 dx   dx
f (x)
2 f (x) = x + c
x2
f(x) =
4
when a = 0 area is minimum
9
required minimum area = 2  2 y dy

0
9
 y3/ 2 
 4  = 72 sq. unit.
 3 / 2 0
41. Sol.
Number of ways = 5  3!
42. Purpose : Use of definition of definite inegrals as limit of sum.

Sol. [01]
1
 n n n  1 n 1 1 1 1 x
lim  2
n 1  n x

2
 2
4n x 2
 ...  2 2 2   lim 
n  n x  n n r 1  r  2  2
y  x 2
dy 
2 x
ln
1 x
2 0
  x
n
ln 1  x  ln 1  x 
 
1 1 x x x
Now lim ln  lim  1
x 0 2 x 1 x x  0 2
43. [Sol. (12)

(A) We have
11  3  3
x = cot = cot     = cot = 2 1
8  8  8
 (x + 1)2 = 2
 x2 + 2x – 1 = 0
Now, consider
x4 + 4x3 + 2x2 – 4x + 7
x 2  2x  1) + 2x3 + 3x2 – 4x + 7
= x2 ( 
(  0)
x 2  2x  1) + 6
= 2x3 + 3x2 – 4x + 7 = 2x ( x 2  2 x  1) – x2 – 2x + 7 = – x2 – 2x + 7 = – (
 
(  0) (  0)
 A=6
12
1  cos 8 1  cos8 2 sin 2 4 2 cos2 4

(B) We have, + = + = 2 (cos2 4 + sin2 4) = 2
tan 2 4 cot 2 4 tan 2 4 cot 2 4
 AB = 12 Ans.]

Sol. [04]
x 4  ax 3  bx 2  ax  1  0
1  1
x2  2
 a x    b  0
x  x
1
Let x   y ; ay  b  2  y 2
x
2 2 2
 2  y    ay  b   (a 2  b 2 )( y 2  1)
(2  y 2 )2
a2  b2  let y 2  z
y2 1
(2  z )2
a2  b2   f ( z ) ; f ( z ) is increasing if z  2
z 1
4
a 2  b 2  f (4)  a 2  b2  .
5
45. Purpose : Selections & arrangements from a given set of objects which are not all distinct.
Sol. [03]
 x x2 
Number of words = coefficient of x in 4 4!  1    (1  x)2
 1! 2! 
 
= coefficient of x4 in 6[(1 + x)2 + 1]2 (1 + x)2
= coefficient of x4 in 6{(1 + x)4 + 2(1 + x)2 + 1} × (1 + x)2
= coefficient of x4 in 6{(1 + x)6 + 2(1 + x)4 + (1+ x)2}
 6{ 6C 4  2  4 C 4  0} = 6 {15 + 2} = 102.

Sol. [04]
Write parametric coordinates of a line passing through (t, 1) taking slope as tan  i.e.
(t + r cos , 1 + r sin ).
Now these coordinates will satisfy the eq. of the given curve for r = PA and r = PB,
hence PA.PB will be product of roots of the quadratic equation obtained by
substituting (t + r cos , 1 + r sin ) in the eq. of the given curve.
47. Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using integration by parts.

Sol. [03]
2 2 2
2  2 x  2 2 ln x x
   1
2
I x  ln x  dx  I  ln x  . dx
1  2 1 x 2
2
 x22  2 x
 I  2  ln 2    ln x    dx
2 1 1 2
2
4I  8  ln 2   4 ln 2  3 .
13

Sol. [10]
1
100nan  100  n  2  an 1  1 & a0  0  a1  .
100
Multiplying both sides of the given relation by (n  1) gives
100n  n  1 an  100  n  1 n  2  a n 1   n  1 .
Now let 100n  n  1 an  bn , then bn  bn 1  n  1
n n
n   n  1
Hence  br   br 1 
r 1 r 1 2
n n
n   n  1 n   n  1
  br  b0   br  bn   bn 
r 1 r 1 2 2
1
Hence an   n 1.
200
2008
1 2007  2008 
Now  an      an   10
n 1 100 200  n 1 
Sol. [09]
E  8cos x  16sin x  23cos x  24sin x .
23cos x  2 4sin x
Using GM  AM , we get  23cos x  2 4sin x  E  2 23cos x  4sin x
2
5 1
Now minimum value of 3cos x  4sin x is 5, hence E  2 2  E  .
8
Hence a = 1 & b = 8 which implies a + b = 9.
50. Sol. [04]

 0 < [x] < 2  [x] = 0, 1
–1 < [y] < 1 [y] = –1, 0
and 1 < [z] < 3  [z] = 1, 2
Now3, applying in the given determinant
R 2  R 2 – R 1 , R 3  – R 1 , then
[ x ]  1 [ y] [ z]
–1 1 0
–1 0 1
= ([x] + 1) (1 – 0) – [y] (–1 – 0) + [z] (0 + 1)
= [x] + [y] + [z] + 1 = 1+0+2+1=4
( for maximum value, [x] = 1, [y] = 0, [z] = 2)
14
51. Sol. [10]

x
C2  yC2 1
Let there be x red socks and y blue socks. Then xy =
C2 2
x ( x  1)  y( y  1) 1
let x>y or =
( x  y)(x  y  1) 2
Multiplying both sides by 2(x + y)(x + y – 1) and expanding,
we find that 2x2 – 2x + 2y2 – 2y = x2 + 2xy + y2 – x – y.
Rearranging, we have x2 – 2xy + y2 = x + y  (x – y)2 = x + y  | x – y | = x + y
Since x + y  17, x – y  17 . as x – y must be an integer  x – y = 4
 x + y = 16
Adding both together and dividing by two yields x  10

Sol. [04]
2 2
tan 2 2 x
I=  sec 2 2 x
dx =  sin 2 x d x
0 0
Put 2 x = t

 I =2  sin t d t = 4.
0
53. Sol. [01]

| A | = –1  | adj A | |A|3–1 = |A|2 = 1
 | adj (adj A) | = | adj A|2 = 1
...............
...............
...............
 | adj (adj . . . adj A)| = 1
54. (0)
2 sin  2 cos 
S=  + .............
sin 2 cos 2
4 sin 3 4 cos 3 8 cos 7 16 cos15

S= + + +
sin 4 cos 4 cos 8 cos16
8 sin 7 8 cos 7 16 cos15 16 sin 15 16 cos15

S= + + = +
sin 8 cos 8 cos16 sin 16 cos16
32 sin 31 32 sin 

= = = 0 Ans. ]
sin 32 sin 32 / 31

Sol. [60]
10
We have  (SPi ) (S' Pi' )  2560  10b2 = 2560  b2 = 256  b = 16
i 1
Also a = 20 (Given)
 From b2 = a2 (1 – e2), we get
15
9 3 3
256 = 400 (1 – e2)  e2 =  e= Hence 100e = 100 × = 60
25 5 5
integral.
Sol. [09]
dx 1 dy d 2y 1 . 18 y dy
dy
=  = 1  9y2  2
=
1  9 y2 dx dx 2 1  9 y 2 dx
d 2y
 =9y  k=9
dx 2

Sol. [02]
2
Any circle with focus of the ellipse i.e. (3, 0) as centre, will be  x  3   y 2  r 2 . If this
circle is touching the ellipse, then tangent to ellipse at the point of contact
x cos  y sin 
(say (5cos, 4sin)) i.e.   1 , must also touch the circle. Hence
5 4
12 cos   20 2
 r &  5 cos   3   16 sin 2   r 2
16 cos 2   25 sin 2 
5  16  r 2 
 cos     4 2 . Solving together we get r = 2.
3  16  r 2   9r  612r  5504  0
58. Sol. [03]
Considering this in general if at the stoppage of game if A needs p & B needs q points (p < q), then minimum p
and maximum p + q 1 flips will be needed to decide the winner. now all possible outcome if the game is
decided in n tosses will be the number of ways in which either A gets p heads or B gets q tails. But this should not
happen in less than n games as then there will be duplicate countings of game being over in lesser flips hence the
outcomes will be
 C n
p  n 1C p    nCq  n 1Cq  
Now considering all possibilities from p to p + q 1 flips we get all possible outcomes as
n  p  q 1
 
n p
n
C p  n 1C p    nCq  n 1Cq    p  qC p 1   C p 1    p  qCq 1 
p  q 1
Cq 1  ,where the sum of terms
p  q 1
in second bracket gives the cases of B winning.

Hence the required probability that B would win is
 p q
Cq 1  Cq 1 
p  q 1
 pq
C p 1  p  q 1
C p 1    p q
Cq 1  p  q 1
Cq 1 
Now in present situation p = 6 & q = 7, hence
P
 C11  15C11 
16

3
 C7  C7    C11  C11 
16 15 16 15
8
3
Number of coins will be 8  3.
8
16
59. Purpose : (i) Concept of range of trigonometric functions of type a sin x + b cos x.
(ii) Applications of derivatives in analysing monotonic behavior of a given function which depends
on a variable parameter.
Sol. [07]
f '  x   8a  7  6a cos 6x  5 sin 5x .
Now f’(x) must not change sign,
hence 8a 7 must be greater than 6a cos 6 x  5sin 5 x for all values of x, which implies a > 6.

Sol. [06]
2n !
C0 C1 + C1 C2 + ...... + Cn  1 Cn = 2nCn  1 =
 n  1 ! n  1 !
2 n  2 ! Sn 1 4 n2  6 n  2 15
 Sn + 1 =  = =  n = 2 or 4.
n !  n  2 ! Sn 2
n  2n 4
61. Purpose : Definite integral as limit of a sum.

Sol. [01]
1n
 2n r 
Let L  lim
n  

 r 1
tan 
2n 
n
 r  1
ln L  lim
n 

r 1
ln  tan


2n  n
1
 x 
 ln L   ln  tan  dx
0  2 
1
 x 
ln L   ln  cot  dx
0  2 
1
ln L   ln1dx
0
 L 1
62. Purpose : Use of empirical relation SS1 = T2 .

Sol. [72]
SS1 = T2 => (y2 - 4 x) (y12 - 4 x1) = (y y1 2 (x + x1))2
Or (y2  4 x) (4 + 4) = [ 2 y  2 (x  1) ]2 = 4 (y  x + 1)2
Or 2 (y2  4 x) = (y  x + 1)2
Solving with the line x = 2 gives,
2 (y2  8) = (y  1)2 or 2 (y2  8) = y2  2 y + 1
or y2 + 2 y  17 = 0
where y1 + y2 =  2 and y1 y2 =  17
Now y1  y2 2 = (y1 + y2 )2  4 y1 y2
or y1  y2 2 = 4  4 ( 17) = 72
63. [Sol. (32)

 4   4    4  
1  tan 3 1  tan 4 .........1  tan n 
 2  2   2 
17
 2  2   2  2    2  2  
 cos 3  sin 3  cos 4  sin 4 .......... cos n  sin n 
 2 2  2 2   2 2 
=
  
cos 4 3 · cos 4 4 ..........cos 4 n
2 2 2
   1
cos
2
· cos 3 .........cos n 1
2 2 2 2
= = 3
       
cos 4 3 · cos 4 3 ..........cos 4 n 
 cos · cos ...... cos · cos4 n
2 2 2 3 4 n 1 
 2 2 2  2
   
   2 · sin n 1
 cos n 1
........cos 4
· cos 3
Let M = cos · cos ........ cos = 2 2 2 2
23 24 2 n 1 
2 sin n 1
2

sin
M= 22

2 n 3 · sin n 1
2
1   
 sin n 1  33
 n 3
2   1  2   1
 Sn = Lim  2 ·sin n 1   = 2 Lim     
    4  cos n 
3
n   1   2  cosn  n 
  2 n  2 n 1  2n
 2
3
  3
=2·   = ]
4 32
64. Purpose : Common chord of two circles/Homogenization.

Sol. [04]
substract S1 & S2 to get 2x = a as common chord. Now homogenise S1 with the help of 2x = a
to get combined equation of straight lines joining origin to the extremities of the common chord. As these
are at right angles hence coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0.
This gives a = ± 4.
65. [02]
Sol. [02]
/4 /4
I2 =  ln (sin x + cos x) dx =  ln (cos x - sin x) dx
 /4  /4
/4 / 4  /2
 2 I2 =  ln cos 2x dx = 2  ln (cos 2x) =  ln (cos t) dt where 2x = t
 /4 0 0
/ 2
 2 I2 =  ln (sin t) dt = I1 .
0
66. Purpose : To understand Argand plane/Complex numbers as P.V. of points.

Sol. [00]
18
As given | z1 | = | z2 | = | z3 |, hence circumcentre of the triangle ABC must be the origin.
Also triangle is equilateral hence centroid will be same as circumcentre.
Hence z1 + z2 + z3 = 0.
 Z13  Z 23  Z33  3Z1Z 2 Z3  0
67. Purpose : Analysing a composit function for points of discontinuity/non differentiability.

Sol. [05]
1  x if  1  x  0

f  x   1  x if 0  x  1
 0 if x  1 or x  1

0 if x  2

1  x  1 if  2  x  0
g  x   f  x  1  f  x  1  
1  x  1 if 0  x  2
0 if x  2

Points where f is not differentiable are – 2, -1 , 0, 1 and 2
68. [Sol. Given R : r = 3 : 1.5 = 2  ABC must be equilateral.


So a = b = c = 2R sin = R 3 (By sine rule)
3
2 3 4
 1  2 1  3 1 
Now acot2A + + b2cot3B = R 3 c3cot4C
  R 3    R 3      
 3  3  3
R R2 R3 3  32  33 39
=   = = = = m n
3 3 3 3 3 13 3
Hence (m + n) = 16 Ans. ]
69. Purpose : Concepts of geometry of circles applied in maxima minima.

Sol. [08]
x2  4x + y2 + 3 = 0 is a circle and x2 + y2 represent square of distance of (x, y) from origin.
Hence maximum and minimum values of x2 + y2 will be square of least and greatest distance of O
from the given Circle. If centre is C, then M = (OC + r)2 &
m = (OC  r)2. Hence M  m = (OC + r)2 - (OC  r)2 = 4r . OC = 8.

Sol. [02]
/2
On integrating by parts  x 2 cos ec2 x dx

0
/2
/2
2
= x (– cot x 0 –  2x(– cot x)dx
0
2 x
Since lim x cot x  lim x. 0
x 0 x 0 tan x
/2 /2
 x 2 cos ec2 x dx  2  x cot x dx

0 0
19
Again, on integrating by parts
L.H.S.
 /2 
/2
=2  x(log sin x) 0
–  log sin x dx 
 0 
/2
= –2 
0
log sin x dx  lim x log sin x  0 
x 0
71. Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of Vector geometry.

Sol. [09]
 
The equation of AB and CD are

r  9iˆ  ˆj  7kˆ   (4iˆ  ˆj  3k)
ˆ

and r  7iˆ  2ˆj  7kˆ  µ(2iˆ  ˆj  2k)
ˆ
their point of intersection P is determined as (1, 1, 1)
 
 15(AB  CD)
Now PQ   
| AB  CD |
 µ = 9.
72. Purpose : Manipulating given data with the help of differentiation.

Sol. [06]
f’ (x) = –  sin (x)
1 
 f '    a sin  a    a  1
2 2
3/2
 a sin  x   a 3b   a b 
  a cos  x  b  dx    bx       
  1/2   2   2 
2a 2
  b  1  b  1
 
12 12  
So,
 
1 1
sin  1  cos 1   
   0  6 .
  2 

Sol. [01]
1

1

 r 2  r  1   r 2  r  1  1  1  a  r 2  r  1
ar ar 1  r 2  r  1 r 2  r  1  r 2  r  1  r 2  r  1 r
3  r 2  r  1   r 2  3r  1
 br   2  r2 .
2
Hence br attains maximum value for r = 1. A
74. [Sol. (108)

b
We have a2 + c2 = b2 ........ (1) c
and a2 + b2 + c2 = 294 ........ (2) (Given)
from (1) and (2) we get
B a C
2b2 = 294  b2 = 147  b = 7 3
20
Now 2s = 12 + 8 3  a + b + c = 12  8 3
 a + c + 7 3 = 12  8 3  a + c = 12  3
From (1), we get
a2 + c2 = b2  (a + c)2 – 2ac = b2  12  3 2 – 2ac = 7 3 2
1
147 + 24 3 – 2ac = 147  2ac = 24 3  ac = 12 3  ac = 6 3
2
Hence 2 = 108 Ans. ]
75. Purpose : Limit of infinite summation/product.

Sol. [09]
2
lim 2  a  
an  x f  n 1   f (0) 
x     x  
2
 a  
 f  n 1   f (0) 
lim 2  x 
an   n 1  
a
an 1

x    .
 x 
 
2 2
an   an 1  f '(0) ; an   an 1 
a2  22 ; a3  24 ; a4  28 ; a5  216 ;...
9
9
a i  2.2 2.24.........2256  21 2  48...... 256  22 1
i 1
76. Sol. [02]

If the three plane intersect in a line, then comparing
 
r. i  j  ak  2   r. 2i  a j  k  1  0 with the eq. of third plane gives
     
2  1 a  1   a   2
      1 & a  1 .
a 2 2 1
  
Hence the three planes are r. i  j  k  2, r. 2i  j  k  1& r. i  2 j  2k  1 .
     
Now direction of line of intersection will be given by i  j  k  2i  j  k  3 j  3k .
   Also a point on

each of the three planes is (1 1, 0). r  i  j   j  k . Hence the line of intersection will be S.D. of this line
 
  2i  j  .  j  k   j
from r  i   2    j will be  2.
j  k  j
 
Sol. [02]
On putting cos  = t,
1 1 1
2 1 1
I =  log 1 – t dt  2  log(1 – t)dt + 2  log(1  t)dt
0 0 0
21
=  (log t  log(1  t))dt

0
Now J =  (log t  log(1  t))dt

1 1 
= t(log t + log (1 + t)) –  t    dt
 t 1 t 
2
We can now easily find I, as log k=2
e
78. Purpose : Using polar form of complex numbers/Demoivre’s theorem for roots of unity.
Sol.
This is possible only when and is multiple of 3 i.e.,

is multiply of 3
i.e., is multiple of
79. [04]
number of ways in which S2 and 3 other players out of 2n – 1 =  say can be taken for semifinals = C3
number of ways in which S1, S2 and 2 others out of ( – 1) can be taken for semifinals =  – 1C2
 1
C2 (  1)! 3!(  3)! 3 3
 P(S1S2 and two others reach semifinals) =  = = n
C3 2!(  3)! ! (2  1)
3
now S1 · S2 and two others reach the semifinals with probability n
2 1
3 1 1 3 1 1
Probability (S1 wints the tournament) = n
· · = · n =  n = 4.
(2  1) 2 2 4 (2  1) 20
80. Sol. (26)
 cos A   cos B   cos C 
We have (a cotA + b cotB + c cotC) = 2R sinA   + 2R sinB   + 2R sinC  
 sin A   sin B   sin C 
 r
= 2R (cosA + cosB + cosC) = 2R 1   = 2(R + r) = 2(10 + 3) = 26. ]
 R
Sol. [08]
x cos   y sin   4 & x cos   y sin   4 implies  &  are the roots of the equation
x cos t + y sin t = 4.
t  
Now convert x cos t + y sin t = 4 into a quadratic equation in sin , then sin sin will be product of roots.
2 2 2
22

Sol. [02]
dy
 cos ec x dx
y log y
dy x
  y log y   cos ec x dx  log (log y) = log tan 2
+ log c.
x
x c tan
 log y = c tan  y = e 2  k = 2
2
83. Purpose : Graphical transformations.
Sol. [08]
84. Purpose : Relations in roots & coefficients of a quadratic/higher degree equation.

Sol. [1950]
 ,  are the roots of x2 + px + q = 0
Then  +  = – p,  = q ... (1)
3900 1950 1950 1950
Also are roots of x + p x + q = 0
 1950 + 1950 = – p1950 and 1950 1950 = q1950 ...(2)
Now,  is a root of xn + 1 + (x + 1)n = 0
n n
  
Then    1    1  0
  
 n   n       0
n

  n   n  – p   0
n
     – p
 n   n  – – p 
n
or ...(3)
From Eqs, (2) and (3), we get n = 1950
85. [Sol. (0849)

1 1 1
= ·210·a = ·195·b = ·182·c
2 2 2
210 a 14 210 a 15 A
 b=  a ;c=  a
195 13 182 13
F E
14 a 15 a (13  14  15) a b
Hence 2s = a +   c
13 13 13
B D a C
23
42 a 21a
2s =  s=
13 13
21a  8a   7a   6a  84a 2
=     =
13  13   13   13  169
1 84 a 2 105 ·169 15 ·169 845

But  = · 210 · a = ; a=   ;  m + n = 849 Ans.]
2 169 84 12 4
86. Purpose : Relating various characteristics of a triangle.

Sol. [01]
We have,    BPC   APC   APB
1 1 1
  axa  bxb  cxc
2 2 2
1 1 1
Also,   aH a  bH b  cH c
2 2 2
 xa xb xc  xa xb xc
     H  H  H   H  H  H  1.
 a b c  a b c

Sol. [00]
1x 1  2x 1  3x
1  nC1 + nC2 n
2  C3 + ...... (n + 1) terms
1  nx 1  nx 1  nx3
x  2 . nC2 3 . nC3 
  n C1    ...... n terms 
1  nx  1  nx 1  nx2 

n  1 1 
 1  nx  n  1 C0  n 1 n 1
= 1    C1 .  C2 .  ......
 1  nx  1  nx  1  nx 1  nx2 
n n 1
 1  nx  1 
= 1    1   = 0.
 1  nx  1  nx  1  nx 
88. Sol. [05]

P(E) = P(S or FS or FFS or ...............)
= P(S) + P(FS) + P(FFS) + P(FFFS) + .............
1 14 1 14 13 1
=       .............
15 15 14 15 14 13
n 1 15
   n   n  5.
15 3 3
89. Purpose : Use of derivative as slope of tangent to given curve.

Sol. [07]
4
As 3x + 4y = 7 is normal to y = f(x) at (1, 1) hence f(1) = 1 and f ' 1  .
3
4x  1
Also 4x – 3y = 1 will be the tangent and hence f  x   at x = 1. Now
3
24
4x 4x
f x  for x  1 & f  x   for x  1 implies on right hand of x = 1 curve of y = f(x) lies above its tangent
3 3
and on left hand of x = 1 curve of y = f(x) lies below its tangent. Therefore x = 1 is a point of inflection, hence
f " 1  0 .
3f '  x   2f  x   2x 0
Now lim 2
is in indet erminate form. Applying L’hospital Rule gives
x 1 f x  x 0
3f '  x   2f  x   2x 3f ''  x   2f '  x   2
lim 2
 lim .
x 1 f x  x x 1 f '  x   2x
Hence the required limit is 7.

Sol. [6]
8
The slope of the chord is m = –  y =  1,  2,  4,  8
y
But (8, y) must also lie inside the circle x2 + y2 = 125
 y can be equal to 1,  2,  4  6 values
91. Purpose : Integral solutions.

Sol. [19]
a  c  2b  3b  30  b  10  a  c  20
Number of positive integer solution is 19 C1  19 .
92. [00]
93. Purpose : To use varous formula & standard results.

Sol. [04]
1/(t1 t2 ) =  1
Equation of circle (x  ct1 ) (x  ct2 ) + y   c

t1  y  tc  = 1
2
2 2 2
t1 t2 =  1 gives (x + y  2c )  (t1 + t2 ) (x  y) = 0
Hence all such circles pass through the intersection points of x2 + y2  2c2 & x  y = 0.

Sol. [01]
Let P be (a cos , b sin ) then P1 will be (a cos , 0) & P2 will be (0, b sin ).
x y
Now equation of P1P2 will be   1.
a cos  b sin 
x y
Rearrange it as a  b 1
cos    sin   
x 2 y2 Ax By
Now equation of normal to 2
 2  1 will be   A 2  B2
A B cos  sin 
25
A 2  B2 A 2  B2
Comparing the two equations for , gives a  ,b 
A B
2 2
 A 2  B2   A 2  B2 
   
2 a 2  b2 2  A   B 
Now e  e  2
a2  A 2  B2 
 
 A 
B2  A 2
2
e  2
 e '2 .
B
95. [Sol. (35)

Using Sine law,
27 48 sin 3 16 16
    3 – 4 sin2 =
sin  sin 3 sin  9 9
16 11 11
 4 sin2 = 3 – =  sin2 = ....(1)
9 9 36
b 27 b sin 4 2 sin 2 cos 2
Again =   = = 4 cos  cos 2 = 4 cos (1 – 2 sin2)
sin 4 sin  27 sin  sin 
b 11  22 
 = 4 1  sin 2  (1 – 2 sin2) = 4 1  1  
27 36  36 
b  5   14 
 4  
27  6   36 
Hence b = 35 Ans.]

Sol. [20]
12

(1  x + 2 x2)12 = (1  x)  2 x 2 
= (1  x)12 + 12C1 (1  x)11 2 x2 + 12C2 (1  x)10 4 x4 + ......
co-efficient of x4 = co-eff. of x4 in (1  x)12 + 24 co-eff. of x2 in (1  x)11 + 4 . 12C2
12
2 . 12 . 11 . 10 . 3
= C4 + 24 . 11C2 + 4 . 12C2 = 12
C4 + + 4 . 12C2
1. 2 . 3
12
= C4 + 6 . 12C3 + 4 . 12C2
12
= C4 + 2 . 12C3 + 4 (12C3 + 12C2)
12
= C4 + 2 . 12C3 + 4 . 13C3
12
= C4 + 12C3 + 12C3 + 4 . 13C3
13
= C4 + 13C3 + 12C3 + 3 . 13C3
14
= C4 + 3 . 13C3 + 12C3  n = 12, r = 3
Hence the required coeff. is 6C3 i.e. 20.

Sol. [02]
A      sin    sin   ecos  d & B      cos    sin   e cos  d
26
Then B     i.A       cos    sin    i sin    sin    ecos  d
 B     i.A      ei ecos isin  d
 B     i.A     i    sin   i cos   e cos  isin  d
Let cos   i sin   t, then B     i.A     i  e t dt
 B     i.A     iecos  eisin 
 B     i.A     ecos   sin  sin    i cos  sin   
 B2     A 2     e 2cos  .
98. Purpose : Use of parametric relations for the standard parabola/Symmatry of a parabola.
Sol. [75]
Vertices of the trapezium will be  t12 , 2t1  &  t 2 2 , 2t 2 
2 2 25
Given that t 1
2
 t 2 2    2t1  2t 2  
4
.
Also the lines joining t 1

2
, 2t1  ,  t 2 2 , 2t 2  &  t12 , 2t1  ,  t 2 2 , 2t 2  pass through (1, 0)
Solving together we get the values of t1 & t2.
99. Purpose : Manipulating a given functional relation.

Sol. [04]
 x  x  x xy 
f  x, y   f  xy,   f  xy,   f  xy  , 
 y  y  y x/y

 f  x, y   f x 2 , y 2 

 f  x, y   f x 2 , y 2
n n

Hence f  256, 256   f  2, 2 
Also f  2,1  f  2, 2 
Hence f(256, 256) = 4.
Sol. [07]
20
  2
  6
f  x   f  x   f  x  .....  f  x  7A0   A k x 1    ......  
k 1
k
 k 6k

but when k  7 and k  14 , then 1   k   2k  ....   6k  0
 
Hence f  x   f  x   .....  f  6 x  7A  7A x 7  7A x14  7 A  A x 7  A x14
0 7 14  0 7 14 
k=7.
101. [Sol. (18)

a b 3
We have =2; =
R R 2
27
2 R sin A 3
 = 2 ; sin B =
R 4
9 R2
 sin A = 1 ; c2 = 4R2  (c2 = a2 – b2)
4
7
A = 90º ; c = R
2
2a c B 2a c 1  cos B
Now l1 = cos =
ac 2 ac 2
2a b C 2a b 1  cos C
and l2 = cos =
ab 2 ab 2
l1 a  b c 1  cos B c (a  b) 1  ac c ab
 = . = = ....(1)
l2 ac b 1  cos C b (a  c) 1  ab b ac
3 7
Substituting a = 2R ; b = R and c = R in equation (1), we get
2 2
l1
=

7 7 1    = 7;  = 9 and  = 2   +  +  = 18 Ans.]
l2 9 2
102. Sol. [04]

 ( ,  ) lies on y  2 x  3
Then,   2  3
Thus, the coordinates of A are ( , 2  3) .......... (i)
1  2  3 1 2 2 3 
    
2 1 2 2 3  2  3 
1
= | 2  (2  3)  3  4  4  6  3 |
2
1
= |  2 |
2
1  |  2 |
but [  ]  2   |   2 |  2  2 3
2  2
  I    2,3, 7, 6
Hence, possible coordinates of A are
(2, 7) , (3, 9), ( 7, 11) and ( 6, 9)
Number of all possible coordinates of A are 4.
103. Sol. [44]

As in any 3  3 symmetric matrix six elements are in pairs of identical elements hence, there are only two possibilities.
(1) If elements which do not lie on principal diagonal are all 1 then all the diagonal elements must be 0 or 2.
Number of such matrices is 2  2  2  8 .
(2) If 4 of the elements which do not lie on principal diagonal are 1 then two of the diagonal elements must be 1
and one element will be 0 or 2. Also other two elements which do not lie on principal diagonal may be selected
from {0, 2}
Number of such matrices is 3  2  3  2  36 .
Hence the number of possible matrices is 44.
28
104. Purpose : Setting up a function dependent on a variable parameter to have required monotonic behavior.
Sol. [09]
f '  x   3x 2  12x  a
Coefficient of x2 is positive hence f’(x) will be negative, only when two roots of the equation f’(x) = 0 are real and
equal
Let the roots of f’(x) = 0 bea & b(a < b).
In this case the largest interval in which f(x) is decreasing function will be (a, b), but according to question largest
interval is (–3, –1)
a
   3,   1   
3
a
  (3) (1)  a  9 .
3
105. Sol. [666]

From 1 to 9 there are 9 × 1 = 9 digits
From 660 to 666 there are 7 × 3 = 21 digits.

Sol. [01]
  
4 4 4
 1  tan x    
I1   ln   dx  I1   ln  tan   x   dx   ln  tan x  dx
0  1  tan x  0  4  0

2
u 1  u 1
Now x   I1   ln  tan  du  I 3
2 20  2 2
 
4 1 2 
ln u ln u
Now tan x  u  I1   ln  tan x  dx   2
du &  ln  tan x  dx  0   2
du  0
0 0 1  u 0 0 1  u
1 
ln u ln u
 2
du   2
du  0  I1   I 2 .
0 1 u 1 1 u

Sol. [02]
2 5
1  2a   4a 2  4  0  a 
4
Hence least integral value of a is 2.
108. Sol. [51]

The n strings have a total of 2n ends. One boy picks up one end, this leaves (2n – 1) ends for the second boy to
choose, of which only one is correct.
1 1 1
p =  =  2n – 1 = 101  n = 51.
2n  1 2n  1 101
29
109. [Sol. (1)

As ADE and ABC are similiar.
x h  2r 2r  
 = =1– r  
a h h  s 
ah
2 a x abc
=1–
sh
sh
=1–
s
=1–  a =3 – 
 s
 =3–2=1

= 3 – 2 = 1 Ans.
Alternatively:  ADE and  ABC are similar A
h 1  2r x h–2r
  D E
h1 a x
h
c
x 2r O
b
2r
 =1– h ;
a 1
r
y 2r z 2r B C
|||ly =1– h and =1– h c cosB b cosC
b 2 c 3
x y z 1 1 1
Hence   = 3 – 2r     ...........(1)
a b c  h1 h 2 h 3 
2r 2r 2r  A B C
Consider 1 – h = 1 – =1–  r  4R sin sin sin 
1 c sin B 2R sin C sin B  2 2 2 
A B C BC
sin sin 4 sin cos  B C B C
2 2 2 2
=1–
C B C B
=1–
B C
=1– 1  tan 2 tan 2  = tan 2 tan 2
 
4 sin sin cos cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
Hence we get from (1)
x B C
 a =  tan 2 tan 2 = 1 Ans.]
110. [01]
Using definition & properties of elements in A.P./G.P./H.P. in questions of other topics
Sol. [01]
200 r 200 r
  r x    r 1  x 
r 0 r 0
2 200
 0  1x   2 x  ......   200 x
    1  x   ......  
0 1 200
1  x 200
100 101 200 201
Equating coefficient of x100 , we get 100  C
100
 C
100
 ....... C
100
 C
101
Similarly we cant find 100 ..... 200
200 201 201 201
 r  C
101
 C
102
 ..... C
201
r 100
200
A2
When A is divided by 15 remainder is 1.
30
111. Sol. [03]

P (E1) = 1  [ P (all heads) + P (all tails) ]
 1 1  1
= 1   n n = 1  n 1
2 2  2
P (E2) = P (no head) + P (exactly one head)
1 1 n 1
= n + nC 1 . n =
2 2 2n
P (E1  E2) = ( exactly one head & (n  1) tail )
1 1 n
= nC 1 . . n 1 = n
2 2 2
n  1   n 1
If E1 & E2 are independent , then =  1   
2 n  2 1   2 n 
n
n n 1 n 1
= +  2 n  1 
2n 2n 2 n
2 2 n 1
2
22 n  1
n+1 = = 2n  1  n = 3.
2n
112. Purpose : Manipulating a set of given functional relations.

Sol. [07]
f  x  1  f  x  1  2f  x 
 f  x   f  x  2   2f  x  1 & f  x  2   f  x   2f  x  1
 f  x  2   2f  x   f  x  2   2f  x  1  2f  x  1
 f  x  2  f  x  2  0
 f  x  6   f  x  2 
 f  x  6  f  x  2
 f  x  8  f  x 
Now f(87) = f(7) i.e. 7.
113. Purpose : To find locus using standard formula & homogenisation.

Sol. [65]
hx ky
Let P be (h, k), then chord of contact wil be  1
2 3
Homogenising equation of hyperbola by eq. of chord of contact gives
2
x 2 y 2  hx ky  1 h2 1 k2
    1 .If these ar perpendicular lines, then     0.
2 3  2 3  2 4 3 9
x 2 y2 5
Hence required locus is  
4 9 6
31

Sol. [91]
S = n + 1C2 + 2 (3C3 + 3C2 + ...... + nC2)
= n + 1C2 + 2 (n + 1C3), Now use nCr + nCr  1 = n + 1Cr + 1, to get
n  n  1 2 n  1
S = n + 2C3 + n + 1C3 = . Hence for n = 6, S = 91
6
115. Purpose : Integration by parts/Reduction formula

Sol. [02]
/2 n 1
In  
0
 sin x  cos x  d  sin x  cos x 
 /2 n2 2
 2   n  1   sin x  cos x   cos x  sin x  dx
0
 /2
 2   n  1 
0
 sin x  cos x n 2 2   sin x  cos x 2  dx
 2  2  n  1 I n  2   n  1 I n .

Sol. [05]
Not that the two given lines are mutually perpendicular, hence their point of intersection i.e. (1, 1) will lie on
director circle of the ellipse.
If center of the ellipse is (h, k) the equation of the director circle will be
2 2
x  h  y  k  25 . As (1, 1) lies on this circle hence locus of center will be
2 2
 h  1   k  1  25 i.e. a circle of radius 5.
117. [Sol. (9)

2 2 2 2
We have a = h ; b = h ; c = h i.e. a = ; b =  ; c =
A B C 3
 1 1 1 
 a + b + c = 2   h  h  h 
 A B C
A
1 1 1 8
 2 s = 2      = 2  
 2 2 3 6
F E
4 c b
 s=  ....(1)
3
Now 2 = s (s – a) (s – b) (s – c)
B D C
4      2  8 2 a
 2 =        1= 
3 3 3  3  81
 82 =81
Hence 82 = 9 Ans. ]
118. Sol. [06]

52 face
 card removed
   40 20
drawn
 randomly
 
Let E0 : 20 cards randomly removed has no aces.
32
E1 : 20 cards randomly removed has exactly one ace.

E2 : 20 cards randomly removed has exactly 2 aces.
E : event that 2 drawn from the remaining 20 cards has both the aces.
P(E) = P(E  E0) + P(E  E1) + P(E  E2)
= P(E0) · P(E / E0) + P(E1) · P(E / E1) + P(E2) · P(E / E2)
4 aces
= 40 /\
36 other
4
C 0 · 36C 20 4
C2 4
C1 · 36C19 3
C2 4
C 2 · 36C18 2
C
= 40
· 20 + 40
· 20 + 40
· 20 2
C 20 C2 C 20 C2 C 20 C2
36
C 20 · 4C 2  4C1 · 36C19 · 3C 2  4C 2 · 36C18 · 2C 2
= 40
C 20 · 20C 2
6 · 36 C 20  12 · 36 C19  6 · 36 C18 6 [ 36 C 20  36 C19  36C19  36C18 ]

= 40 =
C 20 · 20 C 2 40
C 20 · 20 C 2
6( 37 C 20  37 C19 ) 6( 38C 20 )
= 40 = p = 6 .
C 20 · 20 C 2 40
C 20 · 20 C 2
119. Purpose : Manipulating a given functional relation.

Sol. [04]
 x   x 
f  x, y   f  x 2 y, 2   f  x 2 y, 2   f  x 5 , y5 
 y   y 
 f  x, y   f  x 5 , y 5 
 x5   x5 
But f  x 5 , y5   f  x10 y5 , 10  , hence f  x10 y5 , 10   f  x, y 
 y   y 
 1 
 f  215 , 5   f  2, 2  i.e. 4 .
 2 
120. [09]
integral.
Sol. [09]
1 1
f  x   17x    60t  12x t  f  t  dt  f '  x   17   24xt f  t  dt
2 2
0 0
1
 f "  x    24t f  t  dt & f '"  x   0.
0
Hence f(x) must be a quadratic polynomial. Let f  x   ax 2  bx  c , then
1
ax 2  bx  c  17x    60t 2  12x 2 t  at 2  bt  c  dt
0
1

ax 2  bx  c  17x   60at 4   60b  12ax 2  t 3   60c  12bx 2  t 2  12cx 2 t dt 
0
33
ax 2  bx  c   3a  4b  6c  x 2  17x  12a  15b  20c

2a  4b  6c  0,12a  15b  19c  0, b  17  a  7 & c  9
a  7, c  9 .
Hence f  x   7x 2  17x  9  f  0   9.
121. [Sol. (3)

s(s  a )(s  b)(s  c)
(PB)(PC) = (s – b)(s – c) =
s(s  a )
· 
= =r· (r = 1)
s (s  a ) (s  a )
    
= = r  1  s  
(s  a ) a  s 
3a 3
= = = 3 Ans. ]
 3a  32
2  a 
 2 
122. Sol. [144]

4C  4 3
1
2. 2
One box empty can be 4ways.
Group 4 objects into 2, 1, 1
4
Then no.of ways
2. 2
No.of ways of putting them in the boxes is 3 ways.
 Total no.of ways
4
n  4 C1  3  144
2. 2
123. Purpose : Application of derivative in maxima-minima.

Sol. [02]


a x x
ax y
Let the width be a units, then as shown in the figure  cos    2  &  tan  .
x x
1
Now area of the folded part = xy
2
34
a2
eliminating x & y gives A  .
8sin 3  cos 
dA a 2  3sin 2  cos2   sin 4  

 
d 8sin 6  cos 2 
dA
 0  sin 2   0 or tan 2   3
d
Clearly for tan 2   3 , area will be maximum
a a 3
Now  2 sin 2    .
x x 2

Sol. [54]
Equation of normal : y  mx  4m  2m3
or 2m 3   x  4  m  y  0
Let slopes of the normals be m1, m1, m2, then
4x y
2m1  m 2  0, 2m1m 2  m12  & m12 m 2   .
2 2
Now eliminate m1 & m2.

Sol. [02]
1 5 6
A 2 
    4  x  dx   3dx    x  2  dx   2
19 19  0 1 5 
126. Purpose : General understanding of sequences of natural numbers.

Sol. [00]
Since  2046    2047    2048    2049   45
 2003rd term is 2003 + 45 = 2048
Hence remainder is 0.
127. Purpose : Symmatric functions of two or more variables.

Sol. [01]
1
(a  b  c) 2  a 2  b 2  c 2  2(ab  bc  ca)  ab  bc  ca  
2
35
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
Now  ab  bc  ca   a b  b c  c a  2abc  a  b  c   a b  b c  c a 
4
2 1
Hence  a  b  c   a  b  c   2  a b  b c  c a  
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
.
2
128. [Sol.(54)
 6
Radius of the first circle = = =1
S 6
C 1 r
sin = ....(1) (r < 1)
2 1 r
4
also sin C =
5
C 3 2
now 2sin2 = 1 – cos C = 1 – =
2 5 5
C 1
sin2 =
2 5
2
1 r  1
  =  5(1 – r)2 = (1 + r)2  5 (1  r ) = 1 + r
1 r  5
5 1 sin 18
 5 – 1 = ( 5  1 )r  r= =  k + w = 54° Ans. ]
5  1 cos 36
129. Purpose : Solving vector equations with the help of Vector Triple products.
Sol. [07]
 ˆ
r   0
    
and 2r  (r  ˆ )  3r  (r  ˆ )  r  ˆ
   
 2((r ˆ )r  (r  r ) ˆ )  3 ((r  ˆ ) r  ( r  r )ˆ )  r  ˆ
  2 | r |2 ˆ  3 | r |2 ˆ  r  ˆ
 3 | r |2 ˆ  r  ˆ  2 | r |2 ˆ
 9 | r |4  | r |2 2 | r |4
1
| r | .
7

Sol. [02]
4 12 14 
A  2   25  x 2 dx    4  x 2  dx    x 2  4  dx  = 25 sin 1 4  2
0 40 42  2 5
36

Sol. [05]
Let the slope of variable line be tan  , then any point on this line at a distance r from P
will be 1  r cos ,1  r sin   .
1
For r = PA this point lies on x + y = 3, hence PA 
cos   sin 
5
For r = PB this point lies on 3x + 4y = 12, hence PB 
3cos   4sin 
5
For r = PC this point lies on 4x + 3y = 12, hence PA 
4 cos   3sin 
10 5 7
Now    3cos   4sin 
PB PC PA
2 1 7
Hence the greatest value of   is 5.
PB PC PA
132. Purpose : Using range of trigonometric functions to find unknown parameters.

Sol. [00]
For the domain of definition of the given equation, We have,

(i) 2cos 2 x  1  0  x  n 
6
n 
(ii) tan  0  x   [For odd multiples of , tan x is not defined]
2 2

(iii) cos2 x  3sin 2 x  0  x  n 
6
Also, 2 cos 2 x  1  2(cos x  sin x )  (cos 2 x  sin 2 x)  cos 2 x  3sin 2 x
2 2
Now, the given equation reduced to

b sin x  b sin x
b
 sin x  ,
b 1
b
 1  sin x  1  1  1
b 1
b b
  1  0 and 1  0
b 1 b 1
37
2b  1 1
  0 and 0
b 1 b 1
133. Purpose : Manipulating given data using concepts of limits & application of derivatives.
Sol. [04]
n
x
f r  x   cos r  x  , g  x   lim  f r  
n 
r 0 4
 x x x 
 g  x   lim  1  cos  cos 2  ...  cos n 
n 
 4 4 4 
 n 1 x 
 1  cos 4 
 g  x   lim 
n  x 
 1  cos 
 4 
x
Clearly g(x) is discontinuous wherever cos  1 & g(x) is defined hence largest interval of
4
continuity will be the interval (0, 8).
134. Purpose : Geometry of triangles.

Sol. [12]
Distance between Q & R is 6 units. Now triangle PQR will be of maximum area when
135. [Sol. (32)
 3   3   (3n  2)  (3n  1) 
We have an = tan–1  2  = tan–1   = tan–1  
 9n  3n  1   1  (3n  2 ) ( 3n  1)   1  (3n  2) ( 3n  1) 
= tan–1(3n + 2) – tan–1(3n – 1)
10 10
 Sum of first 10 terms =  a r =  tan 1 (3r  2)  tan 1 (3r  1) 
r 1 r 1
= (tan–15 – tan–12) + (tan–18 – tan–15) + ........ + (tan–132 – tan–129)
 32  2  30 6  13  m
= tan–132 – tan–12 = tan–1   = tan–1 = tan–1   = cot–1   = cot 1  
 1  32 · 2  65  13  6 n
 m = 13 and n = 6.
Hence (2m + n) = 32 Ans. ]
136. Purpose : Formation of a number satisfying given conditions.

Sol. [161]
As the sum of digits is 11 hence 3 cannot be used more than twice.
Also if 3 is used twice then rest of the digits must be 1.
Therefore digits used will be 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3.
7!
Which gives number of arrangements =  21
5!2!
If three is used once than sum of rest of the 6 digits will be 8, which means 2 can be used only twice,
which gives digits used as 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3.
7!
number of arrangements =  105
4!2!
38
If we don’t use three, then digits used will be 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2.
7!
Which gives number of arrangements =  35 .
4!3!
Total number of integers = 161.

Sol. [05]
 x2 , 1  x  1

 1, 1  x  2
 ( x  3)2 , 2  x  4

 1, 4  x  5
f ( x)   2
 ( x  6) , 5  x  7
 1, 7  x  8 hence f(x) is periodic with fundamental time period = 3.
 2
( x  9) , 8  x  10
 1, 10  x  11

90
90 2  f (x)dx
0
 f (x)dx  30  f (x)dx  50 
0 1 10
5
138. Purpose : Geometrical applications of differential equations.

Sol. [02]
3y 2
Solving the differential equation gives x2 = +c
2
5 5
if c is positive  e = if c is negative  e = .
3 2
Sol. [01]
1 1 ln  ex  1
lim
lim  ln  ex   ln x is of indeterminate form 1 , hence lim  ln  ex  
 ln x e x 1 ln x
x 1 x 1
 g 1  e .
 h  x  1
 if x  1
 3x  3
xnf  x   h  x  1  f 1  h 1  1
Now g  x   lim n
 g x   if x  1
n  2x  3x  3  8
 f x
 if x  1
 2
As g(x) is continuous at x = 1 hence xlim g  x   g 1  lim g  x 

1 x 1
39
h  x  1 f  x  f 1  h 1  1
 lim  lim  e
x 1 3x  3 x 1 2 8
h 1  1 f 1 f 1  h 1  1
    1  f 1  2e, h 1  6e  1 .
6 2 8
140. [Sol. (4)

As cos1 – cos–11 = cos1 – 0 (0, 1)  [cos1 – cos–11] = 0

sin1 – sin–11 = sin1 – (–1, 0)  [sin1 – sin–11] = – 1
2
  
tan1 – tan–11 = tan1 – 1.73 – 0.78 > 0 and (0, 1)  [tan1 – tan–11] = 0 tan 1  tan 
4  3

cot1 – cot–11 = cot1 –  0.57 – 0.78 < 0 and (–1, 0)  [cot1 – cot–11] = –1
4

sec1 – sec–11 = sec1 – 0 < sec = 2. Assec1 (1, 2) [sec1 – sec–11] = 1
3

and cosec1 – cosec–11 = cosec1 –
2
    2 
As cosec < cosec1 < cosec < cosec1   , 2
3 4 2  3 

 cosec1 – (–1, 0)  [cosec1 – cosec–11] = – 1
2
Hence the value of given exprersion = 0 – (–1) + 0 – (–1) + 1 – (–1) = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 Ans. ]
141. Purpose : Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle

Sol. [02]
Equation of the chord is x = y. Mid point of the chord is (3, 3).
Comparing T = S1 for (3, 3) with x = y gives 10C = 20.
142. [07]
Distinct n digit numbers which are can be formed using digits 2, 5 and 7 are 3'' .
n should be such that
3n  900  3n2  100 or n  2  5
Hence the least value of n is 7.
143. Purpose : Properties of concurrent normals to a parabola.

Sol. [08]
P  2, 4    2t 2 , 4t   t  1
2
t '  t   t '  3  R 18, 12
t
Also tt’ = 2 gives t’ = 2, hence Q(8, 8)
Perpendicular bisector of PR : x - y =14 & of PQ : 3x + 2y = 27.
Solving together gives h = 11, k = 3.
144. Purpose : Evaluating limit of an implicitly defined function.

Sol. [01]
f  x  ef  x   x  f  x   ln  f  x    ln x
40
f x ln  f  x  
 lim  lim 1
x  ln x x  ln x
As f(x) is defined only for x > 0 hence f  x  e f  x   x  f  x   0 .
1
Also f  x  e f  x   x  f '  x   , hence f(x) is always increasing.
1  f  x   ef  x 
Also as x approaches to  , f(x) can’t approach to a finite limit as that would mean
f  x  ef  x  is finite but f  x  e f  x   x , hence lim f x   .
x 
ln  f  x   
Now lim is of indeterminate form .
x  ln x 
ln  f  x   xf '  x 
Applying L’hospital rule lim  lim
x  ln x x  f x
ln  f  x   x
 lim  lim 0
x  ln x     f  x  ef  x 
x  1  f x
f x
Now lim 1.
x  ln x
145. Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of Vector geometry.

Sol. [05]
  
| A | 3, | B |  4, | C |  5
        
A.(B  C)  B.(C  A)  C.(A  B)  0
  
Now, | A  B  C |2
        
= A2 + B2 + C2 + A(B  C)  B(C  A)  C.(A  B)
  
= 50 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 50  | A  B  C |  5 2 .
Sol. [05]
Z51  1
2
1+ Z +Z + . . . + Z 50
=0 
0
Z 1
Hence all Zi for i = 1, 2, 3...50 are non real roots of Z51 = 1.
2k
i
51
i.e. Z k  e , k  1, 2,3...50
50 50
1 1
Hence   
r 1 1  Z r r 1  2r 2r 
1   cos  isin 
 51 51 
50 50
1 1
 
r 1 1  Zr r 1 r  r r 
2sin  sin  i cos 
51  51 51 
r r
50 50 cos  i sin
1 51 51 50
1 50
 
r 1 1  Zr r 1
2i sin
r  
r 1 1  Z r

2
51
41
147. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties/integration by parts.

Sol. [01]
1
Vn   e xU n dx
0
1 1
x dU n
Vn   e  e
 Un  
x
dx
0 0
dx
1
 
 x dU n  1
d 2U n 
Vn    e  e x
dx 
 dx  dx 2

0 
0 
1
Vn   e x n(n  1)U n  2  2n(2n  1)U n 1 dx
0
Vn  n(n  1)Vn 2  2n(2n  1)Vn 1 Vn  n(n  1)Vn  2  2n(2n  1)Vn 1  0

k1  2; k2  1  k1  k 2  1
148. Purpose : To use varous formula & standard results.

Sol. [04] Let P be  2sec , tan   , then N will be  2sec , 0  .
x  2 
Tangent at P will be sec   y tan   1 & hence T1 will be  ,0.
2  sec  
Hence OT1 . ON = 4.
149. [Sol. (0004)

We have f (x) = sin–1x + 2tan–1x + x2 + 4x + 1
Clearly of f (x) is [–1, 1]
Also domain f (x) is increasing function in the domain
 
 p = f min . ( x ) = f (–1) =   2   1  4  1 = –  – 2.
2  4 
  
q = fmax. (x) = f (1) =  2    1  4  1 =  + 6.
2  4
 Range of f (x) is [–  – 2,  + 6]
Hence (p + q) = 4
Note : Vertex of y = x2 + 4x + 1 is at x = –2 and hence in the domain (x2 + 4x + 1) is increasing.]
150. Purpose : (i) Solving a D.E. by separating variables using exact differentials.
(ii) Application of integration to find area bounded by a curve.
Sol. [04]
2
2 2 f " x  f  x    f ' x 
2  f  x   f " x  f  x    f ' x   0  2
2
f  x
d  f ' x   f 'x df  x 
    2   2x  a    2x  a  dx  ln f  x   x 2  ax  b
dx  f  x   f x f x
2
 f  x   ex  ax  b
42
2
Now f  0   f 1  1 f  x   e x x
1 2 1/ 2 2 1 2
x x
Required area = 0  2x  1 e dx   
0
 2x  1 e x  x dx  1/ 2  2x  1 e x  x dx
2 1/ 2 2 1  e1/ 4  1 
A   ex x
 ex x
 2  1/ 4  .
0 1/ 2
 e 
151. Purpose : Function/expressions inlvoving quadratic equations.

Sol. [03]
x 2
 5x  24  0 &  x  2  0  or  x  2  0 & x 2
 5x  24   x  2 
2

Hence  x  3 or x  8 &  x  2  or  x  2 & x  28 
Or  x  3 or x  28   x  28 or  x  3
152. Purpose : Continuity & differentiability of composite functions with the help of graphical transformations.
Sol. [05]
Refer the following graph.

Sol. [02]
x 2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz – zx = 0, may be rewritten as
2 2 2
 x  y   y  z  z  x  0.
 x  y  z.
Hence the given eq. represents a straight line.
Closest point on this line to (1, 2, 3) is (2, 2, 2).
Hence shortest dstance will be 2 .
154. Purpose : Angle of intersection/Common tangent.

Sol. [08]
P1
P2
r1 r 22
D
C2 DC1 DP1 r1
C1 As shown in the fig.    2.
DC2 DP2 r2
43
2
Also as the circles are orthogonal hence r12  r2 2   C1C2   C1C2  4 5 .
Now C1C2  DC1  DC2  4 5 & DC1  2  DC2  DC2  4 5 & DC1  8 5 .
2
Also DP2   DC2   r2 2  8 & DP1  2  DP1  16 . Hence P1 P2  8 .
155. [Sol. (5050)

1 1 1
Let cos 1  =  then cos2 =
2 n n
    1  tan  1  tan  (1  tan ) 2  (1  tan ) 2

 tan     + tan     =  =
4  4  1  tan  1  tan  1  tan 2 
2 (1  tan ) 2 2
= 2 = = 2n
1  tan  cos 2
100 
1  1  1   1  1  
 2
 tan  4  2 cos1 n   tan  4  2 cos1  n 
n  1    
100
1
=
2
 2n = 1 + 2 + 3 + ............ + 100 = 5050 ]
n 1

Sol. [84]
2 n 1
 x  1  x  1  x  1 
E = (x + 2) n1 1     ......    
 x  2  x  2  x  1 
n
  x  1  
 1 
 x  2   (x  2) n  (x  1) n 
= (x + 2)n  1   = (x + 2)n  n
 = (x + 2)  (x + 1)
n
 1 x 1   (x  2 ) n

 x2 

 
Now co-efficient of xr in (2  x ) n  (1  x ) n , nbr = nCr 2n  r  nCr = nCr (2n  r  1) .
10 3
Hence 10b3  C7 2  1  840 .  
3t t 3 3
157. [Sol. xA= Lim 2 t 2t = 3 ; Lim 2 t =  ]
t 0
 sin x  t 0 sin x sin 2 t 2
dx 2
  x
 1 dx   1.dx

 x 2t
0 0 0

Sol. [07]
2 2 2
Z 3  Z  Z 3 Z 3  Z  Z 3
R. M .S .  A.M .   .
3 3
44
2 2
 2

Also Z  3  Z  3  2 Z  9 , hence Z  10 , which implies a = 3.
Whereas Z  3  Z  Z  3  Z  3  Z  Z  3  Z  4 , which implies b = 4.
159. Sol. [500]

b c
2a  3b  5c  2a   n  1   n  1
b
2a  41   1  42  1c , 1, 2  I
If a=1, b should be even and c can be any number. If a  1, b should be odd and c can be any number..
 total number of ordered pairs  5  10  9  5  10  500
Sol. [01]
f x  – 5
f (x + 1) = ...(1)
f x  – 3
f (x) f (x + 1) – 3f (x + 1) = f (x) – 5
3f x  1 – 5
 f(x) =
f x  1 – 1
3f x  – 5
Replacing x by (x – 1), we get f (x – 1) = ...(2)
f x  – 1
f x  – 5
–5
f x  1 – 5 f x  – 3
Using (1), f (x + 2) = = f x  – 5
f x  1 – 1 –3
f x  – 3
2f x  – 5
= ...(3)
f x  – 2
 3f x  – 5 
3  – 5
3f x – 1 – 5  f x  – 1 
Using (2), f(x – 2) = = 3f x  – 5
f x – 1 – 1
–1
f x  –
2f x  – 5
= ...(4)
f x  – 2
Using (3) and (4),we have f (x + 2) = f(x – 2)
 f (x + 4) = f (x)  f(x) is periodic with period 4.
Sol. [03]
Let the equation of directrix be x cos  + y sin  = a & focus be (h, k), then equation of the parabola will
be
2 2 2
x  h  y  k   x cos   y sin   a  {refer the figure, SP = PD}
As the parabola is drawn through (2, 0) & (2, 0) hence
45
2 2
2  h  k 2  2 cos   a & 2  h  k 2  2 cos   a .
Now Using the property of an ellipse that sum of distances of any point from the two foci is co n-
stant, locus of (h, k) will be an ellipse if cos  gets eliminated by adding the above two relations.
Hence 2 cos   a  0 & 2 cos   a  0 ,
which implies locus will be an ellipse if a > 2.
Least integral value of a is 3.
162. [Sol. (03)


a cos x  b sin x if 0  x 
f (x) =  2
 a cos x  b sin x if    x  0
2
for – /2 < x < 0
f ' (x) = – a sin x – b cos x ....(1)
and f ''(x) = – a cos x + b sin x ....(2)
since f (x) has a minima at x = – /3
hence f ' (– /3) = 0 and f ''(– /3) > 0
3 b
now f ' (– /3) = + a · – =0= 3a – b = 0
2 2
a 3 1
and f '' (– /3) = – – b· =  [a + b 3 ] = – 2a > 0
2 2 2
hence a < 0 and b < 0
2 0 2
2
now I =  f ( x)  dx = f
2
( x ) dx  f
2
( x ) dx
 2  2 0
0
2
=  (a cos 2 x  2ab sin x cos x  b 2 sin 2 x ) dx +
 2
2
2
 (a cos2 x  2ab sin x cos x  b 2 sin 2 x ) dx
0
46
a 2 b 2
hence I = + + 2ab = 2
2 2
1 3
2 ( 3  ) a 2 = 2  a and b Ans. ]
 3  3
163. Purpose : Use of theory of equations relating roots and coefficients to deal with a problem of combined equation
of two or more lines.
Sol. [2], Let these lines be given by y = mx for m = m1, m2 & m3, Then substituting y = mx in the given equation
gives m 3  cm 2  bm  1  0 .
Now m1+ m2 + m3 = b, m1m2 + m2m3 + m3m1 = c, m1m2m3 = 1 & m1m2 = 1.
Hence b + c = 2.
164. [Sol. (99)



( 2x  x 2 ) dx (2x  x 2 ) dx
I=  4 r r 2
 2 (dividing N and D by x ) or I=  1
2
x  2 x  9  x 1 2
1 x   9
 x
1  1 
put x2 + =t   2 x  2 dx = dt
x  x 
as x  1, t  2 as x  , t  
 
dt 1 1 t  1  1 2  1 1 2
 I=  2 dx = tan =   tan  = cot
 3 2 3 3
2 t 9 3 3 2 3
hence A = 1; B = 3; C = 2; D = 3
 (A + B2 + C3 + D4) = 1 + 9 + 8 + 81 = 99 Ans. ]

Sol. [02]
For one root to be less than 1 and other to be greater than 2, P(1) < 0 & P(2) < 0.
Hence p < 7/3 & p < 11/4, which implies p < 7/3.
Greatest integral value of p is 2.
166. [Sol. (5050)

From given equation.
S1 =  = 3, S2 =  = 5
S3 =  = 7 and S4 =  = 9
Let tan–1  = A, tan–1  = B, tan–1  = C & tan–1  = D
Now | tan (tan–1 + tan–1 + tan–1 + tan–1 ) |
S1  S3 3 7 4 a
= |tan (A + B + C + D) | = 1  S  S = = =
2 4 1 5  9 5 b
Hence a = 4 and b = 5
So (ab + ba + aa + bb + ab) = 45 + 54 + 44 + 55 + 4.5 = 1024 + 625 + 256 + 3125 + 20 = 5050 Ans.]
47
167. Sol. [03]

a b
 ad  bc  0  whether ad = 1, bc = 1 or ad = – 1, bc = – 1
c d
which occur in eight ways.
Total number of 2 × 2 determinants from {–1, 1} is 16.
8 1
Thus required probability is  .
16 2
168. Purpose : Evaluating a limit by transforming it into standard form.

Sol. [0]
n
xn
 x 
  2  ex 
1 1
3 ex    – 1
2  – 3 
x n ex x n ex  3  
L = lim = lim  
x  xn x  x n
xn n!
Now, lim lim
x = x   x = 0 (differentiating numerator and denominator n times sfor L’ Hospital’s Rule)
x  e e
n
 x 
  2  ex 
 3  – 1 
   
xn lim   1
Hence, L = lim 3 ex x  x n
lim
x  e x
x 
ex
= 1  log (2/3)  0 = 0
169. Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = 0/condition of tangency to a circle.

Sol. [04]
Let P be (h, k), then chord of contact will be hx = 4(y + k) or hx + 4y + 4k = 0.
For being tangential to x2 + y2 = 4,
4k
 2 or 4k 2  h 2  16 .
2
h  16
170. [Sol. (11)

1 1 1
T1 = tan–1 = tan–12 – tan–11 ; T2 = tan–1 = tan–13 – tan–12 ; T3 = tan–1 = tan–14 – tan–13
3 7 13
Clearly Tn = tan–1(n + 1) – tan–1(n)
1  n  1  1  n  1
Hence Sn = tan–1(n + 1) – tan–11 = tan   =  tan 1  24 
 = cos 1  
 1  (n  1)·1   n2 2  145 
  2  
 1 n  1  24   Using 2 tan 1 x  cos 1 1  x   x  0 
 2  tan  = cos    1 x2  
 n2  145     
1  2( n  1)  1  24   2(n  1)   24 
 cos  2  = cos    2  = 
 n  2n  2   145   n  2n  2   145 
 12(n + 1)2 – 144 (n + 1) – (n + 1) + 12 = 0 = (n  1)  1212(n  1)  1 = 0
48
1  11  11
 n + 1 = 12,  n = 11, nN n Hence, n = 11 Ans. ]
12 12 12
171. Purpose : Evaluating a limit by transforming it into standard form.

Sol. [02]
  n lne/2 1  1   n ln e/2  
limn   sin –1 limn sin limn    –1
n   n 1  n  n n n   n 1  
= e  
=e  
 n lne/2    1 lne/2 
Consider, limn  –1 = limn  –1
n  n 1


  n   11/ n  
   
1
Put n =
y
ln e/2
1  1   ln e/2
= lim   –1 = lim1– 1 y = – ln  e/ 2

y0 y  1 y  y0
   y
Hence limit = 2.
172. [Sol. (56)

3 2 1 1   
3
1 
f (, ) = cosec  tan   sec 2  tan 1 
2 2  2 2 
 
let tan–1   =  and tan–1   = 
 
3 3 3 3 3 3
f (, ) =  =  = +
  1  cos  1  cos  1   
2 sin 2 2 cos 2 1
2 2  2  2  2  2
 3   2   2    3   2   2    
 3 3   
 2
  2
      
2 2  
 =
= =  2
 2
  2   2    2   2     
 
 2   2   2   2    2   2  f (, ) = (2 + 2)( + )

 
now  +  = 4 and  = 1  f (, ) = (   ) 2  2      
= (16 – 2) (4) = 56 Ans. ]
49
173. Purpose : relating rectangular coordinates with polar coordinates.

Sol. [10]
Let side length be a & C be (h, 0), then B will be  h  a cos ,a sin  
& A will be  h  a cos 120    , a sin 120    
But as given a sin   4 3  3, a sin 120     4 3  3 & h  a cos 120   

Solving together from these we get a = 10.
174. Sol. (2)

n n
1 
1   2 
y = nLim Lim
  yn = n    tan  2m 2  = nLim
  tan 1 1  (2m  1)(2m  1) 
m 1 m 1  
n
= nLim
  tan 1 (2m  1)  tan 1 (2m  1)
m 1
= nLim –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1
  {(tan 3 – tan 1) + (tan 5 – tan 3) + (tan 7 – tan 5)..... + tan (2n + 1) – tan (2n – 1)}

= nLim
 {tan–1 (2n + 1) – tan–11} 
4
 
 B  1,  i.e. coordinates of B approach, towards those of 'A'.
 4
 Chord AB approches to be the tangent to y = f(x) at A
1
d 1 
 (slope of AB)–1 =  dx tan x  = (1 + x2)x=1 = 2 Ans.]
  at x 1
175. Sol. [00]

f(x) = lo 10x g(x) = eix = cosx + isinx
1 1 1
2 2 0
f(10) = 1 g(10) = 1 h(10) = = 0.
3 3 1
176. [Sol. (38)

n  
x
R: y=  tan 1 n (n  1)  x 2 
n 1  
50
 x   x x 
    
 n (n  1)   n n 1  x x
Tn = tan–1  x x  = tan–1  x x   Tn = –
 1 n · n 1  1 · 
 n n 1 
n n 1
 
x
T1 = tan–1x – tan–1
2
x x
T2 = tan–1 – tan–1
2 3
  
x x
T n = Tn =
–
n n 1
————————
 1 1 x 
= Lim  tan x  tan  = tan–1x
n  n 1
1 1 1
f ' (x) = 2  f ' (2) =  R
1 x 5 5
x  1  (x  1) 6
S: = or 6x2 + 34x – 12 = 0
1  ( x  1)(x  1) 17
1
Thus (6x – 2)(x + 6) = 0 whereby x = 1/3 (x = – 6 rejected)  S
3
1 x 1
T: Given x = 2 tan–1  tan =
3 2 3
now y = 2 sin x + cos x + 4 tan x
2(2t ) 1 t 2 8t x 1
y= 2 + 2 + 2 , t = tan put t=  y=5  T5
1 t 1 t 1 t 2 3
1 1
 (5R + 6S + 7T) = 5   + 6   + 7(5) = 1 + 2 + 35 = 38 Ans. ]
5 3
177. Purpose : Selection based on divisibility.

Sol. [09]
Last digit of any multiple of 5 is either 5 or 0.
Also last digit of 6m will always be 6 ,
1 if n  4k 6 if p  4k
3 if n  4k  1 2 if p  4k  1
 
that of 3n   & that of 2p   .
 9 if n  4k  2  4 if p  4k  2
7 if n  4k  3 8 if p  4k  3
Hence for 2p  6n  9m to be a multiple of 5,

1. n = 4k, p = 4k + 3
2. n = 4k + 1, p = 4k
3. n = 4k + 3, p = 4k + 1
 number of values of p such that 2p  6n  9m is not a multiple of 5 = 9
51

Sol. [01]
For more than 2 roots the given equation must be an identity. Hence p = 1 as for p = 1 each term becomes
zero independent of value of x.
179. [Sol. (40)

1 1  1  1 1  1  
 2

B – A = 2 cot 1 ( 2)  3 cot 1 (3) –  cot    cot   
2 3  3
 1  1 1 1 1 1
= 2(cot–12 + cot–13) + cot–13 –   cot  cot 1   cot 1 
3 2 3 6 2
  1 1   1  3 1 
+ cot–13 –  4  6 tan 2 = 4 + cot 3 – 6  4  tan 3
= –1
2    
 1  1  1    1
= + cot–13 + tan–13 = + cot–13 –   cot 3  = + + cot–13 – cot–13
8 6 8 6 2  8 12 6
5 5
=  cot 1 3 hence a = 5; b = 24; c = 5; d = 6
24 6
a + b + c + d = 40 Ans. ]
180. Purpose : Application of vector equation of a plane using properties of DOT product.
Sol. [07]
 
  q  a.n
The distance of the point ‘a’ from the plane r.n  q measured in the direction of the unit vector b is   
b.n
 
Here a  i  2j  3k,
 n  i  j  k and q = 5
2i  3j  6k 2i  3j  6k

b  
Also 7
 2 2   32   6 2
5  i  2j  3k . i  j  k
   = 7.
 The required distance 
1  
7
 2i  3j  6k .i  j  k 
Sol. [02]
Re 1  i  Z 2  4 2  Z 2  4
Hence lies either on the circumference or outside the circle with centre at origin & radius 4.
Hence Z1  Z2  2 .
182. Purpose : Concepts of solutions of triangles combined with geometry of circles.

Sol. [08]
R
For equilateral  r 
2 . Hence R = 8
r R
Now inradiur r of ABC is the circum radius for second . Hence x1   .
2 4
52
x1 R x R x R
Similarly x2   , x3  2  , ..., xn  n 1  n 1 .
2 8 2 16 2 2
R R R R
x1  x2  x3  ...  xn  ...upto  terms     ...  n1  ...upto  terms
4 8 16 2
R
R
Hence sum of radii of all the is 4   R  8 .
1 2
1
2
183. Purpose : To use geometrical characteristics of a hyperbola.

Sol. [10] Area = ab = 36 gives 10 hyperbolas.
184. Purpose : Geometry of an ellipse/relation in various characteristics of an ellipse/Homogenization.

Sol. [01]
Homogenising auxillarly circle with normal at P gives
2
2 2 a 2  ax sec   by cos ec 
x y  2
a 2
 b2 
 a 4 sec 2  a 2 b 2 cos ec 2 
 QPR   2
 2
2
2  a 2  b 2  a 2  b2 
Or a4 – 5a2b2 + 2b4 = a4 tan2 + a2b2 cot 2  2a3b.
185. Sol. [03]

N=34x5y
number is divisible by 4 if 5y is divisible by 4 i.e. y = 2, 6
If y = 2 then 3 + 4 + x + 5 + 2 must be divisible by 9 i.e. x = 4
If y = 6 then 3 + 4 + x + 5 + 6 must be divisible by 9 ie.  0, 9
186. Sol. [00]

1 x x 1
2x x(x  1) (x  1)x
f(x) =
3x(x  1) x(x  1)(x  2) (x  1)x(x  1)
1 1 1 1 1 1
2x x  1 x 2x x 1 x
= x(x + 1) (x – 1) = x(x + 1) (x – 1)
3x x  2 x x 1 0
53
COMPREHENSION TYPE (SOLUTION)
Paragraph I
Purpose : Use of geometrical properties of a parabola.
Sol. 1. (b) 2. (a)
As per properties of parabolas
(i) PQ = QT , (ii) SA = AD (iii) PS = PM (iv)  PSR  90o
(v)  PSR  90o
Now let the focus be S (h, k), then as per (iii)
2 1
h 2   k  2   . Hence focus lies on the circle
5
5 x 2  5 y 2  20 y  19  0 .
Also as per (v) the focus will lie on a circle with PR as diameter, where R is (1, 1).
 x2  y 2  x  3 y  2  0 .
Now let the eq. tangent to the parabola at the vertex be x + 2y = a and eq. of the axis of this parabola be
2x  y = b.
 2 11   1 8 
Solving the equations of these two circles simultl. gives the coord. of focus as  ,  or   ,  .
 5 5   5 5
Henc eq. of axis will be either 10 x  5 y  7  0 or 2 x  y  2  0 .
 1 37   1 8 
Solving the eq. of axis with that of the directrix gives coord. of D as  ,  or   ,  , hence as per
 25 25   5 5 
 11 46 
(ii) A will be  ,  as S & D can’t be coincident.
 50 25 
This gives eq. tangent to the parabola at the vertex as 10 x  20 y  39 .
Paragraph II
Purpose : Manipulating the given data to obtain required conclusions.
Sol. 3. (c) 4. (a) 5 . (c)
 3a 4a   4b 3b 
Let the two vertices be  2  ,1   &  2  ,1   , then
 5 5   5 5
2 2  2b  c  c
Perimeter S  a  b  a  b  c  a  .
2 b  c 
2 1 2
1 2 2
1 4a 3a 1 7ab  10b  10a
Now Area will be A  1 2  2  A 5 4a 3a  .
2 5 5 50 50
5 3b 4b
3b 4b
1 2 2
5 5
2 3 2
14 c  20  b 2  7 c 2b  10c 2 dA 14c  20  b  2c 14c  20  b  7c  10c
 A   2
100  b  c  db 100  b  c 
1
c dA
2
2 14c  20   2k 14c  20   7k c  10k
2
 7c  10   k 2  4k  2 k 2
If b   k 2
 2
k db 100 1  k  100 1  k 
dA 10 10 1
Hence  0 if c  or k  2  2 . But if c  , then A  which is constant.
db 7 7 7
Where for k  2  2 area will be maximum.
Taking b   
2  1 c gives a 
 2 1 c  , hence a : b  1: 2 .
2
Also for these values Amax 

 
7 3 2  4 c 2  10 2c
.
100
Hence for max. area to be 20 2  28 unit2, c = 10.
Paragraph III
Purpose : Use of empirical results T = 0 & S1S = T2/Homogenising the equation of circle with the equation of a chord.
Sol. 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a)
Let the point of intersection of tangents at P & Q be (h, k), then the respective chord of contact will be
 h  1 x   k  2  y  h  2 k  4  T  0  -----(1)
Comparing this with the given line gives
h  1 k  2 h  2k  4 8a  3 2a  3
  h &k ------(2).
a 1 1 a 3 a 3
Eliminating a between h & k gives h  3k  2  0 .
Homogenising the equation of circle with the given eq. of PQ gives
2
x 2  y 2  2 x  ax  y   4 y  ax  y   4  ax  y   0 .

If POQ  , then Coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0  2a 2  a  1  0 .
2
1
Hence there are 2 values of a i.e. 1 & .
2
 5 1  14 8 
Substituting these values of a in (2) gives (h, k) as   ,  or  , 
 4 4  5 5
PASSAGE 4
[Sol.
a A
(i) We have tan A = ; d = R cos A etc.
2d1 1
X3 X2
d2
b c d3
|||ly tan B = and tan C = X
2d 2 2d 3 R A d1
B C
In  ABC, tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A · tan B · tan C a/2 X1
a b c abc
 + + =
2d1 2d 2 2d 3 8d1d 2d 3
a b c  abc
 4     =   = 4 Ans.
 d1 d 2 d 3  d1d 2d 3
2
 2   cos A cos B cos C 

Alternatively: 4[h1d1 + h2d2 + h3d3] = 4  R cos A  ........ = 8R   
 a   a b c 
(ii)  a (d 2  d3 ) = a(R cos B + R cos C) + b(R cos C + R cos A) + c(R cos A + R cos B)
= R[a cos B + a cos C + b cos C + b cos A + c cos A + c cos B]
= R(a + b + c)  k = 1 (using projection rule) Ans.
2
(iii) aha = 2  ha =
a
2 2 2 d d d 
hence  h a d1 = d1  d2  d 3 = 2  1  2  3 
a a a a a a
 R cos A R cos B R cos C 

= 2    
 a b C 
 b 2  c 2  a 2 c2  a 2  b 2 a 2  b 2  c2 
= 2R  2 abc

2 abc

2 abc


 
2 R 2 a 2  b2  c 2
=
abc

a  b2  c  = 
4
hence 4  h a · d1 = (a2 + b2 + c2)  t = 4 Ans. ]
Paragraph 5
Purpose : Tangency of two circles/Common tangents.
Let a, b & c be the distances of radii R1, R2 & R3. Then
2 2 2 2
a 2   R3  R1    R3  R1   4 R3 R1 , b 2   R1  R2    R1  R2   4 R1 R2 and
2 2
c 2   R3  R2    R3  R2   4 R2 R3 .
R3 R1 4
 R1 R2  R2 R3  R3 R1  R2  2
 R2 
 R1  R3  9
Also as the second circle is touches both the other circles, hence its centre will lie on their radical axis (in this
case, common tangent at the point of contact)
2 2 2 2
i.e.  x  2    y  1  1   x  2    y  4   16  12 x  9 y  4 .
Point of intersection of direct common tangents will divide the join of (–2, 1) & (2, 4) in the ratio 1 : 4 externally,
hence coordinates of this point will be (-10/3, 0)
From here we can obtain slope of tangents to be 0 and 24/7
Paragraph 6
Purpose : Geometry of an ellipse/relation in various characteristics of an ellipse.
Sol. 15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c)
1
As given S1P  S2 P  S1S2  30 &  S1P  S2 P  30, where S1P  S2P  2a & S1S2  2ae .
2
2 2 2
also  S1P    S2 P   S1S2  .
2 2
Hence  S1P  S2 P   2  S1P  S2 P   S1S2 
 4a 2  120  4a 2 e2 & ae  a  15
3
 2a  17 & 2ae  13
13
e
17
Paragraph 7
Purpose : General evaluation of a definite integral/ Relating two definite integrals using properties.
Sol. 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (a)
/ 2
sin 2n x  sin 2 n  1 x / 2
sin (2 n  1) x
Bn  Bn 1   2
dx   dx  A n
0
sin x 0
sin x
/ 2 / 2
sin (2n 1) x  sin (2n  3) x
A n  A n 1   dx  2  cos 2(n 1) x dx  0
0
sin x 0
 A n  Bn  Bn 1 is a constant, hence Bn - 1, Bn, Bn + 1 are in A.P..
Paragraph : 8
Purpose : Identify unknown constants so that a piecewise defined function is continuous everywhere.
Sol. 21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (c)
lim  ax 2  b   a  b & lim  bx 2  ax  4   b  a  4  a  2 .
x 1 x 1
Also xlim
1
g '(x)  2a & lim g '(x)  2b  a  b  3 .
x 1
 2x 2  3, x  1
Now g  x    2 .
3x  2x  4, x  1
Paragraph – 9
Sol. (A)
2
For the first equation to have real roots 4  a  1  4  a 2  1  0  a  1
For the second equation 4a 2  4  a 2  2a  2   0  a  1
Hence both the equations will have real roots if a lies in  ,1 .
4

Sol. (C)
Let  be the common root
 2  2  a  1   a 2  1  0
 2  2a  a 2  2a  2  0
 
2  2a  1  2  0
1
 a  
2
2
   a   2  2a
a  78
one value of ‘a’
Sol. (C)
For the first equation to have negative roots a  1  0, a 2  1  0 & a  1  a  1 .
For second equation to have roots of opposite sign
a 2  2a  2  0  1  3  a  1  3 .

Hence a lies in 1  3, 1 . 
PASSAGE 10
[Sol.

3
We have x + 6x + 3 = 0 

++=0
   1 1 1 
  
Now, A  cos1 sin ( ) 1    1   1 = cos 1  sin        
      
             6    
=  sin 1  sin    =  sin 1  sin    =    2    2  
2     2    3  2  2
B = cos (tan–1 (sin 0)) = 1
 As x 3  6x  3  ( x  )(x  )(x  ) 
C = sec 1 cos ec (1  ) (1  ) (1  ) 
 
 Putting x  1, we get (1  )(1  )(1  )  10 
 1   5 
=  cos ec cos ec 10   (3  10)  10   .
2 2  2 
(i) We have g(x) = x2 – 2Bx + k = x2 – 2x + k (As B = 1)

For range of g (x) to be [0, ),
put discriminant = 0, so
4 – 4k = 0  k = 1. Ans.
5
   5 
(ii) On putting values of A, B and C, we get (5A + B – C) = 5  2    1  10    1 .
 2  2 
(5A  C) x 5  6Bx 2
(iii) We have f ( x )  4
x  (B  1) x 3  1
  5 
Now (5A – C) = 0, B = 1  As A  2  , B  1, C  10  
 2 2 
 0 , x0
6x 2  6
 f(x) = 4 = , x0
x 1 1
 x2  2
 x
 2 1 
Hence f ( x ) max.  3  Range of f(x) is [0, 3]  As x  2  2  ]
 x 
Paragraph 11
Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions.
Sol. 30. (b) 31. (c)
If b = 2a, then
2 25 cos 2   25sin 2   10 cos   15  25cos 2   25sin 2   40 cos   15
 cos  0 . Hence the point is (0, 5)
If 4a 2  b 2  40 , then 4 10  10cos    40  40cos   40  cos   1 . Now area of triangle formed by

2
5 5 3
P  ,  and centers of S2 & S3 i.e. (-1, 0) & (4, 0) will be
2 2 
1 5 3 25 3
  5  .
2 2 4
Paragraph 12
Purpose : Using polar form of complex numbers/rotation of complex numbers in problems involving vertices of a
triangle.
Sol. 32. (B) 33. (D) 34. (A)
2 2 2
AP 2  BP 2  CP 2  Z  Z1  Z  Z 2  Z  Z3
2 2 2 2
 
 3 Z  Z1  Z2  Z3  Z Z1  Z2  Z2  Z  Z1  Z 2  Z 2  .
Also Z1  Z2  Z3  2
 Z1  Z 2  Z3  Z1  Z 2  Z3  0  Z  1
 AP 2  BP 2  CP 2  15 .
1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
Also Z  Z  Z , Z  Z  Z , Z  Z  Z  Z  Z  Z  Z  Z  Z
d e 3 e f 1 f d 2 d e f 1 2 3
6
1 1 1 Z Z Z Z  Z2  Z2
Now    12  2 2  3 2  1 0
Z1 Z2 Z3 Z1 Z2 Z3 4
 1 1 1 
Hence Re  Z  Z  Z   0 .
 d e f 
5
Z 2 Z3 i
Further Z0    2e 4 .
Z1
Paragraph 13
Purpose : Manipulation of given data using standard formulae.
Sol. 35. (a) 36. (b)
Any hyperbola having x = y & x + y = 0 as asymptotes will be x 2  y 2  c 2 .
Also the circle is x 2  y 2  16y  55  0 .
As length of axes of the hyperbola is 3 & radius of the circle is also 3. Moreover center of the circle lies on y-axis,
hence x = 3 will be a common tangent.
Any point on the hyperbola will be  3sec , 3tan   .
2
Distance of this from (0, 8) will be d = 9sec 2    8  3 tan  
4
d '  0  18sec 2  tan   6 8  3 tan   sec 2   0  tan   .
3
Paragraph 14
Purpose : Solving a D.E. by separating variables using exact differentials.
Sol. 37. (b) 38. (b) 39. (a)
2
2 2 f " x  f  x    f ' x 
2  f  x   f " x  f  x    f ' x   0  2
2
f  x
d  f ' x   f 'x
    2   2x  a
dx  f  x   f x
df  x 
   2x  a  dx  ln f  x   x 2  ax  b
f x
2
 f  x   ex  ax  b
2
Now f  0   f 1  1 f  x   e x x
2
Also f '  x     2x  1 e x x
1 1 1
37. f 'x  0  x  , clearly for x  f(x) is increasing & for x  , f(x) is decreasing.
2 2 2
1
38. f(x) has a only one extremum at x  .
2
1 1/ 2 1
x2  x 2 2
39. Required area =   2x  1 e
0
dx   
0
 2x  1 e x  x dx  1/ 2  2x  1 e x  x dx
7
2 1/ 2 2 1  e1/ 4  1 
A   ex x
 ex x
 2  1/ 4  .
0 1/ 2
 e 
Paragraph : 15
Purpose : Solving questions based on an unseen application of differentiation/graphs.
Sol. 40. (b) 41. (a) 42. (c)
Graph of y = |ln mx| will be as shown in the figure.
Now the line y = px will pass through origin and will meet the graph in 0, 1, 2 or 3 points as described below,
If m is positive then
(i) 0 points if p is negative
(ii) 1 point if p is greater than the slope of tangent to y = |ln mx| from origin.
(iii) 2 points if p is positive & equal to the slope of tangent to y = |ln mx| from origin.
(iv) 3 points if p is positive & less than the slope of tangent to y = |ln mx| from origin.
If m is negaive then
(i) 0 points if p is positive
(ii) 1 point if p is greater than the slope of tangent to y = |ln mx| from origin but < 0.
(iii) 2 points if p is negative & equal to the slope of tangent to y = |ln mx| from origin.
(iv) 3 points if p is negative & less than the slope of tangent to y = |ln mx| from origin.
Now for y = |ln mx|,
 1 1  1 1
 if 0  x  if x0
dy  x m dy  x m
 , if m is positive and  .
dx  1 1 dx  1 1
if x   if x 
 x m  x m
dy m
Now if tangent is drawn from origin, then  .
dx e
m<0 m>0
Paragraph 16
Sol. (A)
For roots of opposite sign a(a 3) < 0, hence 0 < a < 3.

Sol. (B)
Discriminant = (2a 1)2 4a(a 3) = 8a + 1.
n2  n
For a = , D = (2n + 1)2.
2
8
Hence roots must be rational numbers.

Sol. (A)
As per the data of previous question the roots will be
n 2  3n n 2  n  2
, 2 . Hence both the roots lie in [-1, 2].
n2  n n n
PASSAGE 17
[Sol.
Q (2) = cos263° + cos257° + cos 63° · cos 57°
= 1 – sin263° + cos257° + cos 63° · cos 57°
1
= 1 + cos 120° · cos 6° + (cos 120° + cos 6°)
2
1 1  1 1
=1– cos 6° +    + cos 6°
2 2  2 2
1 3 3 3
=1– =  log1. 3   = log 4 3   = – 1 Ans(i)
4 4 4 4
8 8 1 4
now P2 ( x )  · 
9 9 2 9
100 100
8  4
hence  P2 ( x )  =  = y (say)
9  9
log y = 200 [log 2 – log 3] = – 35.62 = 36.38  35 zero's Ans.(iii)
now 12P4 ( x )  P6 ( x ) 
= 3(sin4x + cos4x) – 2(sin6x + cos6x)
= 3[(sin2x + cos2x)2 – 2 sin2x · cos2x] – 2[(sin2x + cos2x)(sin4x – sin2x cos2x + cos4x)]
= 3[1 – 2 sin2x · cos2x] – 2[1 – 3 sin2x cos2x]
= 3 – 6 sin2x · cos2x – 2 + 6 sin2x cos2x
= 1 Ans.(ii)]
Paragraph 18
Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties/substitutions/integration by parts.
Sol 49. (d)

sin ax cos bx sin  a  b  x  sin  a  b  x

0 dx   dx
x 0 2x
 
sin t sin t
 dt   dt  I
0 2t 0 2t
50. (d)
 d  sin x  dx 
   2
sin 2 x  2 dx 
0 x 2 dx  sin x  x 2 0  0  dx  x 2 dx
 
9
  
 sin 2 x  sin 2x sin t
     dx   dt  I
 x 0 0 x 0 t
Paragraph 19
Purpose : Manipulation of given data with the help of various standard formula.
Sol. 51. (b) 52. (a) 53. (c)
Slope of AB = 5/7, hence slope of PQ = 7/5.
Let eq. of PQ be 7x + 5y = c, then coord. of P & Q will be (c/7, 0) & (0, c/5).
x 5y 7x y
Now eqs. of AQ & BP will be  0&   1.
7 c c 5
Eliminating c between these two eqs. gives locus of R as the circle x 2  y 2  7 x  5 y  0 .
Now T will be the point on the diameter through origin of this circle at a distance of 74 i.e. distance of centre
from origin + radius. Hence coord. of T will be (7, 5).
2
Eq. of the required parabola will be  y  5  2  x  7   y 2  10 y  2 x  39  0 .
The line y = 3 meets the parabola at  9, 3 . As the line is parallel to the axis so any ray incident along it will
 15 
pass through the focus,  , 5  , of the parabola after getting reflected.
2 
 15 
Hence the reflected ray will be travelling along the line joining  9, 3 &  , 5  .
2 
Hence eq. of reflected ray will be 4 x  3 y  45 .
Paragraph 20
Purpose : To understand Argand plane/Complex numbers as P.V. of points.
Sol. 54. (C) 55. (C) 56. (A)
z1  z 2  z 3
Centroid 
3
circumcentre = origin
orthocentre  z1  z 2  z 3 .
EOC  π  2C, AOB  2C taking rotation in sector EOC

z3 iπ  2C 
e ...(1)
zE
rotation in sector AOB
z2 i2C
e ...(2)
z1
From (1) and (2)
z3 z2 z 2 z3
.  1  zE  
z E z1 z1
z2z3
zF 
z1
z2 z 3 z  z1
CF   z3  z3 2  z 2  z1 as z3  z1  1 .
z1 z1
10
Paragraph : 21
Purpose : To find critical points of a composite function.
Sol. 57. (c) 58. (a)
f "  x   0  f '  x  is an increasing function
f '  x 1   f '  x 2   x1  x 2 , f '  x 1   f '  x 2   x 1  x 2

h '  x   sin 2x f '  sin 2 x   f '  cos 2 x  
f '  x   0  sin 2x  0  x  0

or f '  sin 2 x   f '  cos 2 x   sin 2 x  cos 2 x  tan 2 x  1  x  
4
  
f '  sin 2 x   f '  cos 2 x   sin 2 x  cos 2 x  tan 2 x  1  x   , 
 4 4
Paragraph 22
Sol. Let the roots be , then
 = 1 or  = 1/3.
Also a
2 1 1
Or 3 2   2  a , hence    a  a  .
3 3

1 1
Sol. Nowb, hence  2   b  b  
27 27
PASSAGE 23
61. (A) 62. (D) 63. (D)
[Sol.
(i) Let x = a, y = ar and z = ar2
using triangle inequality
  1 5 1  5 
 a + ar > ar2  r2 – r – 1 < 0  r   2 , 2  ....(1)
 
a + ar2 > ar  r2 – r + 1 > 0  r  R ....(2)
 1 5    1 5 
and ar + ar2 > a  r2 + r – 1 > 0  r    , 2 
 
  2
,   ....(3)
  
(1)  (2)  (3)
  1 5 1  5 
 r   2 , 2 
 
sin Y y
(ii)  = = r and it can take only one integral value : 1 (using Sine law)
sin X x
 sin Z  z  sin Z 
(iii)   = = r  max.  sin Y  = max. (r) is not defined  (D) ]
 sin Y  y  
11
Paragraph 24
64. (B) 65. (D) 66. (B)
Purpose : Application of unseen Information/mehod.
Sol. 64. (B)
/ 2
1          1  
 sin x dx =  – 0
42 
f 0  f  2   2f  4  = 8  0  1  2 
     
 =
 2  8
 
2 1
0
65. (D)
Let h = t – a , then
a h h
 f x dx – f a  h   f a 
L= lim a 2
h 0 h3
h  h  h
 f a  h   f a   2f  a   – f a  h   f a 
= 4  2  2
lim  3
h 0 h
1  h 1 1  h 1
f  a   – f a  h   f a  f  a   – f a  h 
= 2  2 4 = lim 4  2 4
lim 2
h 0 h h  0 2h
1 n h 1
f  a   – f n a  h  1
= 8  2 4 =– f (a) = 0
lim 16
h 0 2
 f (x) = 0  x  R
Thus, f(x) must be a linear polynomial.
66. (B)
1 1
F (t) = (f (a) + f (t)) + (t – a) f (t)
2 2
1 1 1 1
– (f (d) + f (t) + (b – t) f (t) = (f (a) – f (d)) + (b – a) f (t)
2 2 2 2
As F (t) has a maximum at t = c, F (c) = 0
f b  – f a 
 f (c) = .
b–a
Paragraph 25
Purpose : (i) Defining a Locus.
(ii) Identifying standard data.
Sol. 67. (a) 68. (c) 69. (b)
Any point on the line through P(–1,1) at a distance of r from P will be  1  r cos  ,1  r sin   , where tan is
slope of the line. If this line meets xy = 1 in A & B, then  1  r cos  1  r sin    1 will have PA & PB as its
roots. Also for the point R, x  1  PR cos & y  1  PR sin  .
x 1 y 1
Hence cos   & sin   .
PR PR
Now as PA, PR & PB are in A.P., hence PA + PB = 2PR.
Now x  y  2xy  0   2x  1 2y  1  1
12
 1 1
Hence C = 0 is a hyperbola with center at   ,  .
 2 2
 1 1
Focii will be   2  ,  2   .
 2 2
x 1 y 1 xy
Equation of tangent at  1,1 will be  2  0 i.e. x  y  2  0
2 2 2
1
x
Now area of the region bounded by the curve C = 0, x-axis & x = 1 is, A   2x  1 dx
0
Paragraph 26
Purpose : Using polar form of complex numbers/Demivre’s theorem for roots of unity.
Sol. 70. (A) 71. (B)
Note that  0  1 and (1) can be written as
xn 1
( x  1 )( x   2 )...( x   n1 )   1  x  ...  x n1
x 1
Put, x  1 , so that (1  1 )(1   2 )....(1   n 1 )  n
We have for 1  k  n  1
2
2  2k  2 2k
| 1   k |   1  cos   sin
 n  n
 2k  2 k     2   n 1 
= 2  1  cos   4 sin  2n1 sin   sin   ..sin  n .
 n  n n  n   n 
Paragraph 27
Purpose :To identify which of two given functions is greater in a given interval using analysis of monotonic behavior &
use it to acertain number of roots of a function.
Sol. 72. (c) 73. (b) 74. (a)
f '  x   1  sin x  f is increasing everywhere.
Also f(x) = 0 will therefor have exactly one root.
Now f(0) must be negative or positive as according, this one root is positive or negative.
Hence for one positive root a > 1 and for one negative root a < 1.
Paragraph 28
Purpose : Angle bisector/Locus/Geometry of triangles
Sol. 75. (c) 76. (b) 77. (a)
Note that the given triangle is isosceles right angled.
Now let P be (x, y), then
3 x y3 3
d  P, AB   x  y cot , d  P, BC   & d  P, CA  y  x cot
8 2 8
 1 3  3 2
Now d  P , AB   d  P , BC   d  P , C A    x  y   1   cot 
 2 8  2
2  1 3  3 2 2
   x  y  1   cot  2  2  2 x y  4
2  2 8 
13
Hence All points inside the given triangle satisfy the condition on P.
Area of the region containing all locations of P now will be area of triangle ABC i.e. 1/2 unit2.
Now as per d  P, AB   d  P, CA  , x = y..
Hence locus of P will be the segment of line x = y intercepted between the lines x + y = 2 & x + y = 4.
PASSAGE 29
78. (c) 79. (b) 80. (c)
[Sol.
(i) Since A, H, I, O, B are concyclic, so
 AHB = AIB =  AOB
(Angles of chord AB subtended at same side of are AB in corresponding circle
Here  AHB =  –  BAH –  HBA C
   
=  –   B    A  = A + B =  – C
2  2 
and  AOB = 2C
I
 • •O
  – C = 2C  C = •H
3
A B
 
(ii)  ABH =  A and  OBC =  A
2 2
  ABH =  OBC = 
C
B
Also  IBA = =  IBC
2
B B  
  IBH =  IBO = – =    A O
2 2 2  •
I•
B  ABC AC H• 
= A  =
2  2  2  B
A
 HI & OI will be chords of equal length.
Hence HI : IO = 1
A C
(iii) If AH = HI then  
2
 AC
 A    – 2A = A – C   + C = 3A
2 2
 4 2
 3A =   , A= & B =  –A– C =
3 9 9
 2 
 A, C, B are in A.P.  Common difference = C – B = – = Ans. ]
3 9 9
Paragraph 30
Purpose : Sequences of natural numbers.
Sol. 81. (B) 82. (B)
n
r 
V1  V2  ....  Vn    {2r  (r  1)(2r  1)}
r 1  2 
14
n  3 r2 r 
= r  2  2 
r 1  
n 2 (n  1)2 n(n  1)(2n  1) n(n  1)

=  
4 12 4


n  n  1 3n 2  n  2 
12
Now Q r 1  Q r  6(r  1)  5  6r  5  6 .
Hence Q1, Q2, Q3 are in A.P. with common difference 6
Paragraph 31
Purpose : Geometric applications of differential equations/Conclusions based on geometrical propertices of an

ellipse.
Sol. 83. (a) 84. (b)
dx
Equation of normal at P(h, k) will be y  k   x  h
dy
 dy 
This will meet x-axis at Q  h  k , 0 
 dx 
dy
As y-axis bisects PQ hence 2x  y 0
dx
2 y2
Now 2xdx  ydy  0  x  c.
2
As it passes through (1, 4) hence c = 9.
Paragraph 32
Purpose : Solving a differential equation by change of variable.

Sol. 85. (c) 86. (c) 87. (b)
2
x  tan   dx  sec d , hence the given diff.eq. becomes
d  dy  2 tan  dy y 9/5
   0
sec2  d  sec2  d  sec2  sec 2  d sec 4  d
 dy d2y  dy
 sec 2   2cos  sin   cos 2  2   2 tan   y 9/5  0
 d d  d
d2y
 2
 y 9/5  0
d
d2y d  1 
Now 2   
d d  dy / d 
d 2 y d  1  dy
   
d2 dy  dy / d  d
3
d2y 2
 dy  d 
 2    2
d  d  dy
15
3
d2y  dy  d  2 dx 
 2    sec 2    cos  
d  dx  dy  dy 
3
d2 y 3  dy  d  1 dx 
 2   1  x 2     2 
d  dx  dy  1  x dy 
3
 dy  d  1 dx  y 9/5
   2   3
 dx  dy  1  x dy  1  x 2 
Paragraph 33
Purpose : Analysing characteristics like extrema & monotonocity of a function defined as a definite integral by applying
Newton-Leibnitz’s formula.
Sol. 88. (c) 89. (b)
Let f(x) has degree n so
n2 = 1 + n + 1  n = 2
 f(x) is quadratic with f(0) = 0 so let f(x) = ax2 + bx
3 2
so a(ax2 + bx)2 + b(ax2 + bx) = x  ax  bx   x  R
 3 2 

a b
 a   0; 2a2 b   0 ; ab2 + ab = 0 and b2 = 0
3 2
1
 b = 0 and a  
3
 given leading coefficient is positive
x2
 f(x)  .
3
PASSAGE 34
90. (B) 91. (B) 92. (D)
[Sol. Angles BEC, ABD, ABE and BAC are in A.P.
L et BEC =  – 3, ABD =  – , ABE =  +  and BAC =  + 3
Now,  – 3 = ( + 3) + ( + ) [using exterior angle theorem]
  = – 7
 7
 = , =
24 24

and from ABD,  –  +  + 3 =
2
 
 2 + 2 =  +=
2 4
  
 B = 2( + ) = , A = , C =
2 6 3
 ABC is a 30°–90°–60° triangle
16
2
1 
(i) Area of the circle circumscribing ABC =   = Ans.
 2 4
2
31
 
 2 2 1
(ii) BOC is equilateral  r = = 1  3  = Ans.
s   4 3
22
 1  3
(iii) BD = OBsin = sin =
3 2 3 4
3
 BB' = 2BD = Ans. ]
2
Paragraph 35
Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties/integration by parts/reduction formula.
Sol. 93. (a) 94. (c) 95. (b)
k 1
1 k  ln x  x n 1 k 1 n k 1
f  n, k    x n  ln x  dx    x  ln x 
0 n 1 n 1 0
0
k
 f  n, k    f  n, k  1
n 1
d 1 k
Sol. f  n, k     x n ln x   ln x  dx  f  n, k  1
dn 0
2 2
 ln 3 34   ln 2  24 2
Sol.  f  3, 2    f  3,1
4 4
 ln 3 34   ln 2  2 4 1 3
& f  3,1   x 3dx
4 4 2
81 2 81 4 65
 f  3, 2   ln 3  ln 3  4  ln 2   ln 4  .
4 8 32
Paragraph : 36
Purpose : Analysing characteristics like extrema & monotonocity of a function defined as a definite inte gral by apply-
ing Newton-Leibnitz’s formula.
Sol: 96 (b) 97. (c)
2
Differentiating the given relation gives 2x 1  x 2 f '  x 2     4xf  x   2x 2f '  x 
2

 1  x2 f ' x 2    2f  x   xf '  x 
2 2 2
 
 1  x 2 f '  x 2   4  f  x    x 2  f '  x    4xf  x  f '  x 
 4  f  x   xf '  x   f  x   1
d  xf  x   2
4 xf  x   x  4xf  x  d  xf  x    xdx  4x 2  f  x    x 2  c .
dx
17
3 x2  4
Now f  4   gives c = -4, hence f  x  
4 2x
x2  4
Now Let  y, then x 2  4  4x 2 y 2
2x
4
x
1  4y 2
 4y 2  1  0
1 1
 y .
2 2
 1
But f is non-negative hence range of f(x) is  0,  .
 2
x2  4
Also f  x    ax  4a 2 x 4  x 2  4  0 .
2x
Let y = x2, then we get 4a 2 y 2  y  4  0 ,
1 1
D  1  64a 2  0  64a 2  1    a  .
8 8
2 2
Also both the roots of 4a y  y  4  0 are positive as coefficient of leading term & constant term are positive
& coefficient of y is negative.
1 1
Hence we get two positive roots of 4a 2 x 4  x 2  4  0 for   a  except for a = 0, which gives x = 2
8 8
Paragraph : 37
Purpose : Defining a composite function of piecewise defined functions
Sol. 98. (a) 99. (c)
3  g  1 5  x  3  g  2 2  g  0
 
Range of g   2  g  0 3  x  1& f  g   2g  2 0  g  1
 4  g  0 1  x  1 2  2g 1  g  3
 
 x 4  x  3

Hence fog  x    x  1 3  x  1
2x  4 0  x 1

 4, 3

 Range of fog   4, 2 
 4, 2

As range of f is [-4, 0] & domain of g is [-5, 1] hence range of f is a subset of domain of g, which implies domain
of gof will be complete domain of i.e. [-2, 3]. As common domain of fog & gof is [-2, 1], hence check for
solution only in the interval.
Paragraph : 38
Purpose : Manipulating given functional equation to derive required conclusions.
Sol. 100. (a) 101. (b) 102. (b)
Given : 4f  sin x   3f  cos x   x, 1  x  1 ...(1)
18

Repalcing x by  x gives : 4f  cos x   3f  sin x     x ...(2)
2 2
3
Eliminating f(cos x) gives 7f  sin x   7x 
2
3
or f  x   sin 1 x  .
14
    5 2  
Now range of sin 1 x is   ,  , hence range of f(x) must be  7 , 7  .
 2 2  
3 2 2
f  sin x   x  & f  cos x    x  f  sin x   f  cos x   .
14 7 7
3  3 
y  sin 1 x   x  sin  y  
14  14 
 3   2 
 f 1  x   sin  x    f 1  x    cos x
 14   7 
Paragraph 39
Purpose : Geometry of an ellipse/relation in various characteristics of an ellipse.
Sol. 103. (b) 104. (b) 105. (b)
x 2 4aex
Eliminating y between ewquations of the two curves gives  2
 a2
1 1 e
 1  e 2  x 2  4aex  a 2 1  e 2   0
x
1  e  a or x  1 a
1  e  3
But given that common chord is x = 1, hence a = 3.
L.R. = 4ae i.e. 6.
x2 y2 2
Let the curves be 2  2 2 2  1 & y  4aex
a a a e
If y = mx + c is the equation of common tangent, then
a 2e2
c2   a 2 m 2  a 2  a 2 e2  a 2 m 4   a 2  a 2 e 2  m 2  a 2 e 2  0
m2
 m 2  e 2 , hence common tangents are 2y = x + 6 & 2y = x 6.
Paragraph 40
Purpose :Understanding geometry of a hyperbola & manipulating the given data to obtain desire
conclusions.
Sol. 106. (c) 107. (b) 108. (b)
ax by 2
Normal at P() will be   a 2e 2 , if it passes through R(2a, 0) then  e2  1  e  2 .
sec  tan  sec 
If the normal at some point with eccentriac angle  passes through (0 , 2b), then
2b2 2b2  1
 a 2e2  tan   2 2  tan   2  1  2   1  tan   0 .
tan  ae  e 
19
 a 2e2 
Q where the normal meets the Y – Axis will be  0, tan   , hence mid point of PQ will be
 b 
a a 2 e2  b 2 
 sec  , tan   .
2 2b 
4 x2 4b 2 y 2
Eliminating  gives locus as   1 , which is a hyperbola.
a 2  a 2 e 2  b2 2
Paragraph 41
Purpose : Using definition & properties of elements in A.P./G.P./H.P. in questions of other topics
Sol. 109. (B) 110. (D) 111. (A)
a, b, c in G.P.  b2  ac . . . (1)
2
a 2b 3c  2b  a 3c
, , in G.P.       2b  3c . . . (2)
2b 3c a  3c  2b a
Solving the two relations together gives a : b : c = 9 : 6 : 4.
29 61 103
Now cos A   , cos B  &cos C  , hence the triangle is obtuse angled.
48 72 108
A B C
Also cos A  cos B  cos C  1  4sin sin sin
2 2 2
r 77
  cos A  cos B  cos C  1 =
R 432
From the given data let a = 9k, b = 6k & c = 4k, then f  x   9kx 3  18kx 2  12kx  1
2
 f '  x   3k  9 x 2  12 x  4   3k  3 x  2 
Hence f (x) is monotonically increasing always.
Paragraph 42
Purpose : Purpose : Manipulating the given data to obtain required conclusions.
Sol. 112. (a) 113. (b)
As the triangle is right angled hence orthocentre will be point of intersection of
4x  3y  1 & 3x  4y  7 i.e. (1, 1).
Also centroid divides the join of orthocentre and circumcentre in the ratio 2 : 1, hence if coordinates of circumcentre
1 1  h  2 1 1  k  2
are (h, k) then  1,  3  O 1, 4 
1 2 1 2
Paragraph 43
Purpose : Using geometrical properties & standard parametric relations.
Sol. 114. (b) 115. (a) 116. (a)
Let the circumcircle be x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 , then substiting  2t , 4t  in this equation gives
2
4t 4  16  4 g  t 2  8 f t  c  0 .......(1)
Also eq. of normal in standard form will be tx  y  4t  2t 3 .

Substituting  4 , 4   gives 2t 3  4 1    t  4   0 .....(2).
20
Now three of the roots of (2) are also the roots of (1). Hence
t1  t2  t3  t4  0  t1  t2  t3  t4  0
t1t2  t2t3  t3t1  4  g  2 1      g  2 1   
t1t2t3  2 f  2    f  
Hence circumcentre is  2  2 ,   .
 t12  t2 2  t32 t1  t2  t3   8 
Also Centroid of triangle PQR will be  2 ,4      1 ,0 
 3 3  3 
Also as t4 = 0, hence t1t2t3t4  c  0 .
Hence radius of circle passing through P, Q, R & S remains constant, then locus of
2
T  4 ,4  will be 4   1   2  r 2 , which is an Ellipse.
Paragraph 44
Purpose : Understanding the use of binomial theorem for negative & fractional indices.
Sol. 117. (A) 118. (A) 119. (C)
(i) The given series can be rearranged as
1 3 1 3 5 1 3 5 7
1 2 2 2  2 2 2 2  2 2.2.2.2  2
. . .
2 3 4
1 .  .  .  .   ... till  terms

2 3 2!  3  3!  3  4!  3
1

 2 2
which clearly is the expansion of  1   . Hence the required sum is 3 .
 3
1
1 1
1 1 1 x
(ii) x 2
 3x  2    1  x    1  
1  x  2  x  3 6 2
1 1 1 x x2 
  x  3x  2
2
 1  x  x  ...   1    ... 
2
3 6 2 4 
Now for this summation to be finite & valid x  1 .
3
10 3  1  x11  3
(iii) 1  x  x 2
 ...  x     1  3x  3 x  x  1  x 
11 22 33
 1 x 
3 r 2
Now coefficient of xr in the expansion of 1  x  will be Cr . Hence coeff. of x12 will be
14
C12  3  3C1  82
Paragraph 45
Purpose : Use of imaginary roots of unity in finding sum of binomial coefficients.
Sol. 120. (B) 121. (A) 122. (B)
 3 if r  3m
(i) Let cube roots of unity be 1,  &  2 , then 1   r   2 r   .
0 otherwise
2n
2n n n n
1  x  x  2 n r  1  1  1   1     2   1   2   4    a 1   r
  2r 
 a
r 0
r x
r 0
r
21
 3n  3  a0  a3  a6  ...  . Hence a0  a3  a6  ... = 3n - 1.
 3 if r  3m
(ii) Let cube roots of unity be 1,  &  2 , then 1   r   2 r   .
0 otherwise
3n 3n
n n n
1  x  x 2
 x 3    ar x r  4n  1     2   3   1   2   4   6    a r 1   r   2 r 
r 0 r 0
4n  2
 4n  2  3  a0  a3  a6  ...  a3n  . Hence a0  a3  a6  ...  a3n  .
3
 4 if r  4m
(iii) Let cube roots of unity be 1,  ,  2 &  3 , then 1   r   2 r   3r   .
 0 otherwise
n 3n
1  x  x 2
 x 3    ar x r
r 0
n n n 3n
 4 n  1     2   3   1   2   4   6   1   3   6   9    a r 1   r   2 r   3r 
r 0
 4n  4  a0  a4  a8  ...   a0  a4  a8  ...  4 n 1 .
Paragraph II :
Purpose : Use of binomial expansion for positive integral index.
Sol. 123. (A) 124. (A)
7 7

Let 3 11  9    R   R & 3 11  9    f , where 0 < f < 1. Then
7 7
 R   R  f 
 3 11  9  3 11  9     an even integer  R  f . Hence
 R  2   7.36.113.91  35.34.112.93  21.32.11.95  1.97  . Therefore [R] is div. by 97.

14 7
R 2   R 2   R 2   3 11  9    2 2
 187 10  3 11 & R  f  1   
Hence R 2  R 2 R 2   R 2 f 2  187 10  3 11      18 10  3 11    18
7
7
7
14
.
n n

Now 10  3 11   10  3 11   I  f1  f 2  I  1 , hence integral part of
n 14 7
10  3 11  is odd. Also as R 2   R 2   R 2   3 11  9   
 187 10  3 11 , hence 
 R 2   R 2   f 2  187 10  3 11  10  3 11  
7
   18  an even integer
7
7
 R 2   f 2  1   R 2   an even integer  1 = an odd integer..
22
MATRIX MATCH (SOLUTION
1. (A) - (q), (B) - (p), (C) - (s), (D) - (r)
5x 0 0  1 0 0
0 1 0    0 1 0  1
(A) AB =  x=
 0 10x – 2 5x   0 0 1  5
(B) |A| = 5, 2 – 4 = 5, 2 = 9  = ± 3
–a a a
(C) abc b –b b = 4a2b2c2  k = 4
c c –c
1 0 – sin 
(D) f() = 0 1 cos  = 1
sin  – cos  0
2. (A)  (P); (B)  (Q); (C)  (R); (D)  (S)

2. Purpose : Using definition & properties of elements in A.P./G.P./H.P. in questions of other topics
Sol. (A) 2sin x, sin 2x & 2cos x are in A.P., hence sin 2x  sin x  cos x
Now Let sin x  cos x  t, then sin 2x  t 2  1 , then the above equation gives
1 5 .
t 2  t  1  0 or t  sin x  cos x 
2
 C   C
(B) Let C be the sides angle, then angles will be  , , 
3 3 3 3 3
 C    
   C  C  , Hence angles are , ,
3 3 2 6 3 2
a b c a b c
Now      .
   1 3 2
sin sin sin
6 3 2
(C) Let AB  a, BC  3a, CA  3a & AD  3 3a
a 2  27a 2  BD 2 3a 2  9a 2  BD 2
Now cos A  cos C  0   0
3 3 a2 3 3 a2
BD
 BD 2  20a 2 or  2 5.
AB
2a 2 c 2 2 8a 2 c 2
(D) a  c  2b & b 2    
a  c 
a 2  c2 a 2  c2
4 2
  a  c   2ac  a  c   8a 2 c 2  0
2

a  c  2, 4
ac
2 2 a
But 4 gives a = c, hence by taking -2,  a  4ac  c  0   3  2.
c
1
3. Purpose : Geometrical applications of D.E/Orthogonal trajectory of a family of curves.
Sol. (A)  s; (B)  p; (C)  r; (D)  q.
dy 2x
(A) 2x 2  y 2  a 2   , for orthogonal curve
dx y
dy y
  2 ln y   ln x  ln c or xy 2  c
dx 2x
dy x
(B) x 2  y 2  a 2   , for orthogonal curve
dx y
dy y
   ln y   ln x  ln c or xy  c
dx x
dy 2x
(C) 2x 2  y 2  a 2   , for orthogonal curve
dx y
dy y
  2 ln y  ln x  ln c or y 2  cx
dx 2x
dy x2
(D) x 3  y3  a 3    2 , for orthogonal curve
dx y
dy y 2 1 1
 2      c or x  y  cxy
dx x y x

Sol. A R, B PQ, C S, D PQ
(A) Discriminant = 4k2 4k2 4 < 0, hence roots are imaginary.
(B) Discriminant = (k + 1)2 4k = (k 1)2. As the discriminant is a perfect square hence roots are rational
numbers.
(C) As coefficient of x2 & the constant term are of opposite sign hence roots are of
opposite sign.
(D) As k is positive hence k + 1 & k + 2 will also be positive.
2
Also discriminant = 4  k  1  4k  k  2  = 4 > 0,
hence both the roots are negative.
5. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties/substitutions/integration by parts.

Sol. A– p, B – q, C – r, D – s
dx dx sec 2 2x
(A) I    2  2  sin 2 2x  2 2sec2 2x  tan 2 2x dx
1  2 sin 2 x cos 2 x
dt
 2(1  t 2
)  t2
where t  tan 2x
dt 1 t 1  tan 2x 
 2t 2
 tan 1 C  tan 1  C
2 2 2  2 
2sin x cos x
(B) I   dx
(3  4cos x)3
put 3  4cos x  t & 4 sin x dx = dt
t 3 1  1 t 3 1  1 3 
 I   4t 3    dt    3 dt    2   C
 2 8 t 8  t 2t 
2
1 1 3 
=   2
8  3  4cos x 2(3  4cos x) 
1  2(3  4cox)  3  3  8cos x
=  2 

8  2(3  4 cos x)  16(3  4 cos x) 2
x x
(C) Put t  and use the formula  e x (f (x)  f 1 (x))dx  e x f (x)  c  sec
2 2
1 dx
(D) I  
2 3x
x 2  2
2
1 dx 1 4x  3
   sin 1 c
2
2 41  3 2 41
x  
16  4
6.
Sol. A - s, B - q, C - p, D - r
(A) Purpose : Obtaining a specific relation in derivatives of various order.
xy  ln y  1  xyy '  1  y 2  x  yy " y ' 2   3 yy '  0 , hence k = 3
(B) Purpose : Obtaining a specific relation in derivatives of various order.
xy
t/ 2 t/ 2
1  x 2 y '
dx dy ae  be y 1  x2
 cos t,   2y '   2y" 
dt dt 2 1  x2 1 x2
1 1
 1  x 2  y"  1  x 2 y ' xy '  1  x 2  y" xy '  y , Hence k = 1/2.
2 2
(C) Purpose : Rules of differentiation
F'  x   f 'g h  f g 'h  f g h '  21f g h  4f g h  7f g h  k f g h Hence k = 24.
(D) Purpose : Application of differentiation to compare value of a function
n 1
f '(a  b)  f '(a)  f '(b)   a  b   a n 1  b n 1
n 1 n 1
 b b n 1
 1    1   . Let b/a = x & g  x   1  x   1  x n 1 .
 a a

Clearly g '  x    n  1 1  x 
n2

 x n  2  g(x) is an increasing function for x > 0.
n 1 n 1
b 1 b 1  b b
Hence   g    g     1    1   . Least integral value of b/a is 1.
a 2 a 2  a  a
7. (A)  (Q); (B)  (Q); (C)  (R); (D)  (S)

Sol. (A) Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties.

I   x  (sin 2 (sin x)  cos 2 (cos x )  dx
0

 I      x   sin 2 (sin x )  cos 2 (cos x )  dx
0
  sin (sin x)  cos 2 (cos x)  dx

2
Adding 2 I  
0
3

2
  sin (sin x)  cos2 (cos x)  dx

2
2 I  2
0
 /2
  sin (sin x)  cos 2 (cos x )  dx

2
I 
0
 /2
2
Also I    sin (cos x )  cos 2 (sin x )  dx
0
 /2
Adding 2 I   2
 2dx  2 . / 2  
0
2
I  / 2
(B) Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.
Let f ( x )  2sin x
2cos x
Then x f ' ( x)  x.  x cos x
2 x
 2 /4
2 /4
  f ( x)  x f ( x)  dx   x
'
I f ( x) 0
0
 2   2 / 4  sin  / 2   2 / 2
(C) Purpose : Integration by transformation, properties & substitution.
 /8  /4
 ln 1  sin 2 x dx   ln sin x  cos x dx

 / 8  / 4
 /4
  ln 2 sin ( x   / 4) dx
 / 4
 /4
  ln 2 sin t dt
0
 /2  /2
 ln 2  dt   ln sin t dt
0 0
  / 4ln 2   / 2 ln 2    / 4 ln 2
 /4 2
       
 ln 1  sin 2 x dx  ln 2 
ln 2 / 4
  
 ln 2   4  4
(D) Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties.

x 3 cos 4 x sin 2 x
I  dx
0
 2  3 x  3x 2

(  x)3 cos 4 x sin 2 x
I 6  2  3 x  3x 2

Adding 2 I    cos 4 x sin 2 x dx
0
 /2  /2

I .2 4
cos x sin x dx   2
cos 4 x sin 2 x dx 2
 3.1 . 
2 
0

0
 . 
6.4.2 2 32
.
4
Sol. A  q, r, s, B  p, r, s, C  p, q, r,s, D  p, q, s
4
sin A  & AB  AC  5 2  B will be (0, 10) or (10, 0) & C will be (4, -2) or (6, 12)
5
Centroid will be (3, 13/3) & circumcenter will be (-5/2, 5/2).

Sol. A P, B Q, C R, D S.
(A) For roots to be real & distinct 4(a 1)2 4a(a + 2) > 0, hence a < 1/4.
(B) For both the roots to be greater than 2,
2 a 1
a.P(2) > 0, 4  a  1  4a  a  2   0 &  2.
a
1
or a <  6 or a > 0, a  &  1 < a < 0.
4
hence there is no value of a.
(C) For both the roots to be less than 2,
2 a 1
a.P(2) > 0, 4  a  1  4a  a  2   0 &  2.
a
1
Hence a <  6 or a > 0, a  & a <  1 or a > 0.
4
 1
Or a   , 6    0,  .
 4
(D) For one root less than and other greater than 2, a.P(2) < 0
Hence  6 < a < 0.
10. Sol. A - p, B - p C - q, D - s
(A) Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle
shortest distance of a circle fom a point M is measured along diamter of the circle through M. C(5, 7) is the
centre, then the shortest distance = CM  radius  2 .
(B) Purpose : Equation of common chord
Common chord of the given circles (by S = S’) is 8x - 15y + 26 = 0 & centre of the first circle is (1, 0).
Hence distance = 2.
(C) Purpose : Angle between pair of tangents
 
If angle between the tangents from P is q, then angle between the two radii is . Now any point on first
2
circle may be taken as
/2 /2
/2
5
Now the radii are g2  f 2  c & g 2  f 2  c sin 2 2   g 2  f 2  cos 2 2

Hence sin  sin 20 , which implies q = 40.
2
(D) Purpose : Relative positions of two circles.
Distance between the centres is 3 10 and sumof radii is 2 10  10 .
As sum of radii is equal to distance between the centres, hence the two circles are externally
tangential, which implies three common tangents.
11. Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties/substitutions/integrations by parts.

Sol. A  r, B  q, C  s, D  p
 /4  /4
(A) I   ln  sin 2 2x  dx  2 ln  sin 2x  dx
0 0
 /4 a a
 I  2 ln  cos 2x  dx by  f  x  dx   f  a  x  dx
0 0 0
 /2
by 2x  t, I   ln  cos t  dt.
0
/ 2 / 2  /2 dx
(B)  0
2

2
xecos x sin 2x dx   x  e cos x sin 2x dx   
0 0 dx
 e cos 2 x

sin 2x dx dx
/ 2 2 2 / 2 / 2 2
 xe cos x sin 2x dx    xe cos x    ecos x dx
0  0 0
/ 2 2  / 2 2
 xecos x sin 2x dx     e cos x dx
0 2 0
    5     3   7   5 
(C) f  x    f  x    f  x    f  x    f  x    f x  
 24   24   8  24   24   24 
    7   7   13 
 f x f x   0 f x f x 0
 24   24   24   24 
   13  
 f x   f x  . Hence f(x) is a periodic function with period = .
 24   24  2
a t
Let  f  x  dx  g  x  , then  f  x  dx  g  a  t   g  a  .
a

Hence for being independent of a t = .
2
5 x4  4 x5 x5
(D) f x   dx = 5 1
 x 5  x  1
2
 x  x  1
f  1  2
12. A - p, B - p, C - q, D - s
(a) Purpose : Parametric coordinates of point of intersection of tangents & normals/Use of
geometrical properties of a parabola..
Let P & Q be  t12 , 2t1  &  t 2 2 , 2t 2  , then t1t2 = 2.
Also the circle will have its center as mid point of T  t1t 2 ,  t1  t 2   &
6

R  t 1  t 1t 2  t 2  2  ,  t 1t 2  t 1  t 2  .
2 2

i.e. x 
t 1
2
 t 22  6 
,y 
 t1  t 2 
2 2
By eliminating t, locus is 2y 2  x  1 .
(b) Purpose : Use of concept of family of curves to find specific curve/line passing through point of intersection
of two given curves.
Let the common focus be (h, k), then the two parabolas can be represented as
2 2 2 2
 x  h   y  k   x2 &  x  h    y  k   y 2
.
2 2
Taking difference of the two equations gives x  y  0 .
Hence the common chord is x = y or x = - y.
(c) Purpose : Use of geometrical properties of a parabola.
Directrix to y2 = -4x is x = 1. Let any point on the parabola be P   t 2 , 2t  , then M will be M(1, 2t) & S
will be (-1, 0).
Now SP = PM, hence for DSPM to be equilateral any one of the angles of the triangle must be 600.
(d) Purpose : Use of parametric relations for the standard parabola.
2
For a chord joining P(t) & Q(t’) to be a normal chord, t '   t  & for this chord to subtend a right angle at the
t
4
vertex, t '   .
t

Sol. A - q, B - r, c - p, d - s
(a) Sol. By using condition of tangency, we get 4h2 = 3k2 + 2
 Locus of P(h, k) is 4x2 – 3y2 = 2 (which is hyperbola.)
4 7
Hence e2 = 1 +  e= .
3 3
 b2 
(b)   ae,  are extremities of the latus-rectum having positive ordinates.
 a 

 b2 
 = –2  a  2 
a2e2 ...(1)
 
But b2 = a2 (1 – e2) ....(2)
From (1) and (2), we get a e – 2ae2 + 2a – 4 = 0 ae2 (a – 2) + 2(a –2) = 0
2 2
 (ae2 + 2) (a – 2) = 0, hence a = 2.
2  a 2   ab b
(c) = 2
=1 =1 1  e2
3 a a
8 2 2
 e2 =  e= .
9 3
(d) Note that (0, 3) lies on the ellipse, hence radius will be focal distance.
7
14. Sol. A - q, B - p, C - s, D - r
5!
(A) Case-1: Digits being used are 9, 9, 9, 9, 7 then the number of numbers formed = 5
4!
5!
Case-2: Digits being used are 9, 9, 9, 8, 8, then the number of numbers formed = 3! 2!  10
 Total number of such numbers are 10 + 5 = 15

12 12! a b c
(B)  x  y  z    x y z , a  b  c  12 . Hence required sum is 312.
a !b!c!
(C) Required number of way = 6 C1 5 C4  2 4  480
(D) Distinct n digit numbers which are can be formed using digits 2, 5 and 7 are 3'' .
n should be such that 3n  900  3n2  100 or n  2  5 or n  7 .
15.  A    q  ;  B   p  ;  C    r  ;  D    s 
Purpose : Interpretations of locus using given relations in terms complex numbers.
Sol. (A) |z|n = |1 – z|n  |z| = |1 – z|
 z lies on x = 1/2
Similarly for (B)
(C) |z|n = 5  |z| = 51/n
(D) |z – i| = 51/n
16. (A) - (p,s), (B) - (q,r,s), (C) - (p), (D) - (p,q,r,s)

16. Purpose : Interactions of a line & a plane/coplanarity of lines.
Sol. (A) The point (1, , 1) lies on the plane
hence 2    6  0    4
The line is also perpendicular to the plane
 2  6  12  0
  3 .
2 1 1
(B)   1 3 1  0    3
 1 1
For   1 the three planes passes through same line.
a b 1
(C) 1 b c  0  1  ab  bc  ca  2abc
a 1 c
1  ab  bc  ca
Now  ( a 2b 2c 2 )1/4
4
Hence abc  4
1 1 1
(D)   1  0(  ) (  1) (  1)  0
2 2 1
8
integral.
Sol. A – q, B – r, C – s, D– r
4 3
3x 2esin x
(A) I   x3 dx
1
64
esin t
put x  t to get I 
3  t
dt  F(64)  F(1)
1
 K  64
x2
2
 sec t dt
0 2x sec 2 x 2  0 
(B) Lt 0
 Lt
  x 0  
x 0 x sin x 0 sin x  x cos x  0 
[2 sec 2 x 2  8x 2 sec 2 x 2 tan x 2 ] 2

 Lt  1
x 0 cos x  cos x  x sin x 2
t t
(C) F(t)   f  t  x  g(x)dx   e t  x x dx
0 0
t
 e t  xe  x dx
0
differentiate
F  log 2   1
dy
(D) 2y  2c
dx
3
dy  dy  dy 2 3  dy 
y 2  2y  x  2y  2
(y  2xy )  8y   .
 dx  dx  or dx  dx 
18.
Sol. A - r, B - q, C - p, D - s
(A) Purpose : Evaluating limit of type    depending on a parameter..

lim [(x5 + 7x4 + 2) x] = lim

2 y 5
 7 y  1  y 5 1
{replacing x by /y}
x y 0 y 5
1 7
Now as the limit is nonzero & finite hence   and limit =
5 5
(B) Purpose : Evaluating limit of type 1 using definition of exponential function.
cos ec x 1  2 4  x  1  x 1 
 3  lim . 
x  0 sin x  1  4  x 
lim . . 
x  0 sin x  1  4  x 2  4  x 
lim   e  
e  
 e 1/12
x 0  1  4  x 
 
(C) Purpose : Standard application of derivatives in evaluating maxima & minima.
2/3 2/3
1  x  1   x  1
f(x) = (x + 1) (x1) 1/3 1/3
 f ' x 
3  x  12/3  x  12/3
Hence f’(x) = 0 for x = 0 and therefore max. value of f in [0, 1] is 2.
9
(D) Purpose : Standard application of derivatives in evaluating maxima & minima.
f '  x   4 x 3  18 x 3  22 x  6
Now f(x) is zero for x = 3, hence min. of f can’t be 2 or 7/5. Also for x = 5/2, f is 15/16, hence
min. of can’t be 1/12.
19. Purpose : General chyaracteristics of a quadratic equation/expression.

Sol. A R, B Q, C P, D Q
(A) For Common roots  3b  2a  a  b   1 .
(B) For real & distinct roots 36 4b > 0 or b < 9.
2
Also     4        4  16 or b  5
2
 5  81 81
(C) 7  5x  2x 2  2  x    
 4 8 8
(D) If  m  2  x 2  8x  m  4  0 for all x, then
m 2 > 0 & 64 4(m 2)(m + 4) < 0.
Hence least integral value of m is 5.
20. Sol. A - q, B - s, C - p, D - r
(A) Purpose : Use of binomial expansion for positive integral index.
2n  256  n  8 . Now tr 1  8Cr 28r x 82 r . For constant term r = 4. Hence constant term in the expansion
is 8C4 24  1120 .
(B) Purpose : Use of binomial expansion for positive integral index.
r 10 3r 103r
tr 1  256.  1 Cr x . For x4, r = 2. Hence required coeff. is
210 r
32
t3  256.10C2  405 .
28
(C) Purpose : Use of binomial expansion for positive integral index.
5 5
t6  8C5 x 2  log10 x   5600  x 2  log10 x   100  x  10
(D) Purpose : General manipulations.
Highest power will be 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + 100 = 5050.
21. (A) - (s), (B) - (r), (C) - (q), (D) - (p)
(A)
(B) 1 P
(C) Selecting 1 pair of 10, and no matching among the other
(D) .
10
22. Purpose : Finding locus using given information.
Sol. A  q, B  r, C  p, D  q
x2
(A) Let M(x1, y1) be the midpoint of the chord PQ of the ellipse  y2 1 .
4
2
 2 
Equation of PQ is xx1  yy1  x1  y12  y   x1x  1  x1  y12 
4 4 4y1 y1  4 
x2
This is tangent to the hyperbola  y2 1
4
2 2
1  x2  x2  2  2
if 2  1  y 12   4 1 2  1   x 1  y12   x 1  y12
y1  4  16 y1  4  4
(B) Let the line be y = 4x + c. It meets the curve xy = 1 at
x (4x + c) = 1  4x2 + cx –1  x1 + x2 = –c/4
2
Also y (y – c) = 4  y – cy – 4 = 0  y1 + y2 = c
Let the point which divides the line segment in the ratio 1 : 2 be (h, k)
x1  2 x 2
 h  x2 = 3h + c/4  x1 = –c/2 – 3h
3
y1  2 y 2
Also  k  y2 = 3k – c  y1 = –3k + 2c
3
Now (h, k) lies on the line y = 4x + c  k = 4h + c  c = k – 4h
 x1 = –k/2 + 2h – 3h = –h – k/2 and y1 = –3k + 2k – 8h = –k – 8h
 16h2 + k2 + 10hk = 2. Hence locus of (h, k) is 16x2 + y2 + 10 xy = 2
(C) Circle on the join of foci (ae, 0) and (–ae, 0) diameter is
(x – ae) (x + ae) + (y – 0) (y – 0) = 0
i.e., x2 + y2 = a2e2 = 4 ... (i) [ a2e2 = a2 + b2]
Let chord of contact of P (x1, y1) touch the cirlce (i)
Equation of chord of contact of P is [T = 0]
xx1 – yy1 = 2 ... (ii)
Hence locus of P (x1, y1) is x2 + y2 = 1 .
(D) Let y = mx  m 2 a 2  a 2 be two tangent and passes through (h, k) then (k – mk)2 = m2a2– a2 
m2(h2 – a2) – 2khm + k2 + a2 = 0
23. (A)  (P); (B)  (P); (C)  (Q); (D)  (R)

(A) Purpose : Identifying characteristics of a function given as a definite integral using differentiation of a definite
integral.
x
lim
 f  t  dt  f  x   f  a   lim f  x   f '  x 
a
3 2
x a
x  a x a
3 x  a 
f '  x   f ''  x 
 lim
x a 6 x  a
f "  x   f '''  x  
 lim  f "  a   f '''  a  
x a 6 2
11
(B) Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties.
cos2 x  t  1
I 2   dt
sin x
 t  1 t  t 1  t 
b b
cos2 x  1 t  1
I   dt by  f  x  dx   f  a  b  x  dx
sin 2 x
 1  t  t  t 1  t  a a
cos 2 x 1
2I   dt
sin 2 x
t 1  t 
Let t  sin 2 u, dt  2sin u cos u du


x
2

I  du 
x 2
(C) Purpose : Definite integral as limit of a sum
1
 n 1 r  n2
1 

  n2  r2  

 n 1 2 2 r  n2 ln  r 1
 n r    

nn
2 n 


l  lim  r 1 n2  n  e  
n   
n
 
 
 2 2 1 2 3 2 n 1 
1 n 1
ln 
  n 2
 22  n 2
 32  ... n 2
  n 1  

n2  123..( n 1) 


n 2


le
n 1  2
1 r  r  
n
 n ln 1 n  
1
le r 1  
  x ln 1  x 2 dx  
0
1 1
1 1
1  x 2  t   x ln 1  x 2 dx    20 ln t dt  
2
0
(D) Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using properties.


2 

Let I   f  sin x  sin x dx  I   f  sin x  sin x dx   f  sin x  sin x dx
0
0 
2
 
a a 2 2
Now by the property  f  x  dx   f  a  x  dx,  f  sin x  sin x dx   f  cos x  cos x dx ,
0 0 0 0

b b c  2
& by the property  f  x  dx   f  x  c  dx,  f  sin x  sin x dx   f  cos x  cos x dx .
a a c  0
2

2
Hence I  2  f  cos x  cos x dx
0
12
24. Sol. A  q, B  s, C  p, D  r
(A) Purpose : Geometrical characteristics of triangles/Reflection of a point in a line.
Find image of B in x + 2y = 0 to get C.
(B) Purpose : Section formula for internal division/condition of perpendicularity.
Find Coordinates of B & C using section formula(mid point formula)
(C) Purpose : Deparing a pair of lines/family of lines.
Separate the four lines be splitting second degree terms.
(A) Purpose : Geometrical characteristics of triangles/Reflection of a point in a line.
Find image of A in x - 3y = 1 to get a point on BC.
25. (A)  (R); (B)  (Q); (C)  (P); (D)  (S)

(A) Purpose : Family of circles.
Circle through the points of intersection of the given circle :
x² + y² - 6 + l (3x - 7) = 0. If it passes through (1, 1), then l = -1.
(B) Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = S1/Homogenization
Equation of chord with (h, k) as mid point : hx + ky = h2 + k2.
Homogenising the equation of circle and taking coeff. of x2 + coeff. of y2 = 0 gives the locus as x² + y² = 2.
(C) Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions.
Circle having the pair of lines y²- 2y + 4x - 2xy = 0 as its diameters will have center at (1, 2) and hence radius = 2 .
(D) Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = S1.
Let the mid point be (h, k) and slope of chord be tanq, then points at a distance 1 unit from (h, k), lying on the
circle will be  h  cos  , k  sin   .
Substituting these in the eq. of circle and eliminating q gives locus as x2 + y2 = 3.
26. (A)  (P); (B)  (Q); (C)  (R);

26. Purpose : Using definition & properties of elements in A.P./G.P./H.P. in questions of other topics
2
Sol. (A) 2b  a  c &   4b 2  4ac     a  c   4ac
2
    a  c  . As a  c , hence  0.
(B) b 2  ac &   4b 2  4ac    0
2ac 16a 2c 2
(C) b &   4b 2  4ac    2
 4ac
ac a  c
  a  c 2 
   4ac  
  a  c 2 
 
27. (A)  (R); (B)  (P); (C)  (Q); (D)  (S)

(A) Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.
x  x  x 
1  sin 1  cos    cos   
2 dx  2 2 1  4 4  dx
I  dx  
x  x 2 1  sin 2  x   
3  sin 2  1  cos     
2 2 2 4 4
4   x  
I tan 1  sin     + C.
2   4 4 
13
(B) Purpose : Identifying a function from data relating function & ints integral.
cos x
 sin x ln  sin x  dx  ln  ln  sin x    C.
f 1  x  ln 1  x 
Now lim
x 0 g  x 
 lim
x 0 sin x
 1.
(C) Purpose : Binomial integral

 
dx dx 1
I   
2 3/2 3/2
x3
1/ 3 x 2 1  x  1/ 3  1 
x 2  2  1
x 
1 1
Let 2
 1  t 2 , 3 dx   tdt, then
x x
2
2 t2 1  1 1
I 2
dt   t   
1 t  t 1 2
(D) Purpose : Identifying a function from data relating function & ints integral.
f  x    cot 3 x cos ec 2 xdx
2cot 5/ 2 x
cot x  t 2 , cos ec2 x dx  2t dt  f  x    C.
5
1 1 2 cot 5/2 x 1
lim f  x    C   lim C
x
 5 5 x  5 5
2 2
 1
Now f    .
4 5
28. (A) - (q), (B) - (r), (C) - (p), (D) - (s)

7
Sol. (A) 3  1  3( 2)  5( )  0     .
5
(B) Point (3, ,  ) lies on 2x + y + z – 3 = x – 2y + z – 1
 3  2      3  0 and 3  2    1  0
     3  0 and 2    2  0
so     3
1 4  1( 3)  1 5 6
(C) sin   
2
1 1 1 2 2
16  9  25 3 50
6
  sin1 .
25
29. (A)  (Q); (B)  (P); (C)  (R)

(a) Purpose : Use of empirical result T = S1
h h 2  4k 2
Let mid point be (h, k), then eq. will be hx  4ky  h 2  4k 2 or y   x
4k 4k
14
h 2  4k 2 4k
If it is tangential to the parabola, then 
4k h
Hence required locus is x 3  4xy 2  16y 2  0 .
(b) Purpose : Geometry of an ellipse/relation in various characteristics of an ellipse.
b2 b2
x  ae, y   x 2  4  b2 , y   x 2  4  2y .
a 2
(c) Purpose : Use of empirical result T = 0.
kx  hy
Eq. of chord of contact at P(h, k) will be hx   ky  1
2
or  2h  k  x   h  2k  y  2 .
2
1
If its tangent to the circle, then 2 2
 2h  k    h  2k 
Required locus is 5x 2  8xy  5y 2  4
30. Purpose : Use of empirical relations T = 0 / Use of geometrical properties of a parabola / Use of standard
parametric data.
Sol. A - q, B - r, C - s, D - p
(a) Use T = S1 & put (1, 0).
(b) Let equation of tangent be ty = x + t2.
Then T is (-t2, 0) & Y is (0, t). Also A is (0, 0).
Now if G is (h, k), then h = -t2 & k = t.
Hence locus is y2 = - x
(a) Use T = S1 & put (0, 0).
(d) Use Distance from focus = distance from direcrtix.
31. Purpose : Various cases of permutations.

Sol. A - s, B - p, C - r, D - q
(A) One Indian wife and one American wife can be selected in 2 C1 2 C1 ways and keeping an unmarried
person in between these two wives the total number of linear arrangements are 2 C1 2 C1  7! 2!.
(B) Required number of ways = 8!.
(C) Required number of ways = 6! 2! 2 C1  2 C1 .
(D) Number of ways in which interviews can be arranged = 9  8C 2 6 C 2  4 C 2  2 C 2
R x
32. Purpose : Integralos of type
P Q
Sol. (A)  r; (B) p; (C) S; (D) q
1 dt x 1
(A) put x  1  to get I     1  2t  C Or I  C.
t 1  2t x 1
1 t
(B) put x  to get I    dt
t  t  3 1  t 2
2
15
1 1 u2
now put 1  t 2  u 2 to get I    du  ln C
 u  4 4 u  2
2
(x  1)
(C) I dx
x 2 2 x 2  2x  1
1 t 1
put x  to get I   dt
t  t  1
2
1
2
now put  t  1  1  u 2 to get I   du  u  C
(D) I    x 2  x  2x 3  3x 2  1 dx
3 2 1 2 2 t3
put 2x  3x  1  t to get I   t dt   C .
3 9
33. (A)  (Q); (B)  (R); (C)  (S); (D)  (P)

(A) Purpose : Identifying unknown parameters by setting up indeterminate forms in a given
limit.
8
lim f  x   2
x 0 2 bb 2  b  b  2  0  b 1
lim f  x   1  a 3  2  a 3  1  a  1
x  0
(B) Purpose : Standard methods of evaluating a limit.

n n
1  e3x e9x e27x ...e3 x
1  e3x 9x  27 x ...3 x
lim n  lim n
x 0 1  e x /3e x /9 e x/27 ...e x /3 x 0 1  e x/3 x /9 x/27 ... x/3
 3x 1  3 
n

x 3n 1
1 e 2 2.3n
 lim 3n 1  3n 1
x 0 x  3n  1 
3x 1 3n 
2.3n
1 e
2
Hence 3n 1  310  n  11
(C) Purpose : Finding range of function involving functions like GIF/Fractional part.
4 values.
  3 
1 x   , 
  2
  
 0 x   0, tan1   ,  
 2 
f x  
1  
x   tan1,   0
  2

2  
x   .2 
 2 
(D) Purpose : Defining derivative of inverse of a function.

2
f (x)  (2x  ) 3  2x  cos x  f '  x   6  2x     2  sin x
16
 
Also f      f 1    
2 2
Let f 1  x   g  x  , then f  g  x    x
1
 g 'x 
f 'g x 
1 1
 g '    3
f 'f 1
  
f ' 
2
34.  A    q  ;  B   s  ;  C    r  ;  D    q 
Purpose : General manipulation using algebraic operations on C.N./properties of modulus & argument.
Sol. (A) z = i log (2 – – 3 )
2
 eiz = ei log (2– 3 ) = e–log(2– 3 )
–1
 eiz = elog(2– 3) = elog(2+ 3) = (2+ 3 )
 cos z =
e iz  e – iz
=  2  3   2 – 3 = 2.
2 2
(B) Let z =  be a real root. Then,
3 + (3 + 2i)  + (–1 +i a) = 0
 (3 + 3 – 1) + i (a + 2) = 0
 3 + 3 – 1 = 0 and  = –a/2
a 3 3a
 – – –1=0
8 2
 a3 + 12a + 8 = 0
Let f (A) = a3 + 12a + 8 = 0
 f (–1) < 0, f (0) > 0, f(–2) < 0, f(1) > 0, and f(3) > 0
Hence a  (–1, 0) or a  (–2, 1) or a  (–2, 3)
(C) (1 + z2 + z4)8 = C0 + C1z2 + C2 z4 + ... + C16z32
Putting z = i, where i = – 1 ,
(1 – 1 + 1)8 = C0 – C1 + C2 – C3 + ... C16
 C0 – C1 + C2 – C3 + ... + C16 = 1
  
(D) | z1 | = 1  z1 z1 ,| z 2 | 2  z 2 z 2  4,| z3 | 3  z 3 z 3  9
Also | 9z1z2 + 4z1z3 + z2z3 | = 12
  
 | z1z 2 z 3 z 3  z1z 2 z 3 z 2  z1 z 1 z 2 z 3 | 12
  
 | z1z 2 z 3 | | z 1  z 2  z 3 | 12
  
 | z1 | | z 2 | | z 3 | | z 1  z 2  z 3 | 12
  
 6 | z 1  z 2  z 3 | 12
  
 | z 1  z 2  z 3 | 2
17
35. Purpose : Manipulating the given data to obtain required conclusions/position of a point/angles of a triangle/
Euler’s line.
Sol. A  q,s, B  q, r,s, C  s, D  p
(A) Slopes of sides are 1, 8, -6 hence tan A = 7/8, tan B = 14/47, tan C = -7/5.
Centroid is (2, 2/3)
(B) Vertices are (2, 1), (1, 2) & (-4, -1).
Slopes of the sides are -1, 3/5, 1/3 hence tan A = -4, tan B = 1/3, tan C = 2.
Also for each of the three vertices the point (1, 1) gives the same sign when put in the equations of opposite sides.
(C) Recall that centroid diveds the line joining circumcenter & orthocenter in 2 : 1.
(D) For   7 lines become concurrent.
36. Sol. A - q, B - p, C - s, D - r
(A) Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle
Farthest distance of a circle fom any point O is measured along diameter of the circle through O. Let centre of
circle be C(6, 2) then Farthest Point will be along CO at a distance of (CO + Radius) from O.
 3 1 
 0   3 10,0   3 10  i.e. (9, 3)
 10 10 
(B) Purpose : Diametric form of equation of a circle.
Centre is (2, 3), henc other end of diameter will be given by
x3 y4
2 &  3 i.e. (1, 2).
2 2
(C) Purpose : Relative positions of two circles.
Let Centre of the required circle be C(h, k) and radius be r, then If it’s smallest posible circle its centre must lie
on the line joining the two centres i.e. 2h  k  1  0 and radius must be such that
2 2 2
h 2   k  1  r  2 & h  4  k  9  r  2 .
Hence the centre is (2, 5)
(D) Purpose : Family of circles.
Any circle passing through (-1, 1) & (0, 6) is
 x  1 x   y  1 y  6     5 x  y  6   0 . If it also passes through (5, 5), then   1 .
Hence the circle is x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  0 , with centre at (2, 3) and radius 13 .
Slope of line joining O to centre = 3/2,
hence slope of the diameter perpendicular to this line = -2/3
 3 2 
Points on this line at a distance of 13 from centre are  2  13  , 3  13   i.e. (-1, 5) and (5, 1).
 13 13 

Sol. A Q, B S, C P, D R
(A) For roots to be real & distinct (2a + 3)2 > 4a2 16
25
Hence a   .
12
(B) For both the roots to be positive (2a + 3)2 > 4a2 16, 2a + 3 < 0 & a2  4 > 0.
25
Hence   a  2 .
12
(C) For both the roots to be negative (2a + 3)2 > 4a2 16, 2a + 3 > 0 & a2  4 > 0.
Hence a > 2.
18
(D) For roots of opposite sign a2  4 < 0.
Hence 2 < a < 2.
38. (A)  (Q); (B)  (Q); (C)  (R); (D)  (P)

(A) Purpose : Use of differentiation to find a function using given functional equation.
 x  y  2f (x)  2f (y)  4 1  x  y  2f '(y)
f   f '   diff . w.r.to y 
 3  6 3  3  6
x
f '  0   2  f '    2  f  x   2x  C
3
Now f(0) = 2 gives C = 2.
(B) Purpose : Finding range of a function by transforming it into composition of a well known function
4 4
Let x = 2sin y, then g  y   1  cos y   1  cos y 
 g  y   2  cos 4 y  6 cos 2 y  1
2
g  y   2  cos 2 y  3  16
Hence g(y) will be maximum for cos2 y = 1 & minimum for cos2 y = 0.
 2  g  y   16 .
(C) Purpose : Use of differentiation to find a function using given functional equation
For x = 1, y = 1, we get f(1) = 4 and hence f (4) = 1.
d 1 1
Also 
f x   .
dx f ' f 1 x

 
Now 4f  xy   f  x  f  y   4xf '  xy   f  x  f '  y 
f x
for y = 1, 4xf '  x   f  x  f ' 1 i.e. f '  x  
16x
d 1 1 1 1
Now 
f x    
dx x 4 
f' f 1
 4 f ' 1 4
(D) Purpose : Manipulating a given functional equation to obtain a desired set of information.
f 1,1  f  0, f 10    f  0, f  0,1   f  0, 2   3
39. Purpose :To find standard data of a nonstandard hyperbola.

Sol. A  r, B  q, C  p, D  s
1 5
(A) e   e  2.
e 2
(B) Hyperbola is  x  1 y  2   1.
(C) Area of triangle formrd by tangent & asymptotes = ab.
2
(D) 2
x  2y 2
 2x  8y  9  0 
 x  1 2
  y  2  1 .
2
19
40. (A) - (r), (B) - (q), (C) - (p), (D) - (s)
P  A  C  P  B  C   P A  B  C
(A) P  A C   P  B C   P  A  B C  
P C
P  A  B  C
  P A  B C
P C
 
P A  B  C  P A  B  C
(B)   
P A  B | C  P   A  B | C  
P  C
P  A  C
  P  A | C
P C
(C)
1  P (A)  P (B  C)  P  A   B  C  

1 P  A  B  C  


P A   B  C 
1  P (B  C) 1  P (B  C) P (B  C)

 
P A BC   P
 A | (B  C) 
P (B  C)
(D)   
P A  B  P A  B  P A  B  P A  B  1 
41. A - r, B - q, C - p, D - s
(A) Purpose : Use of binomial expansion for positive integral index.
64  r r
t r 1  64
Cr 3 2
5 8 , for a rational term r must be a multiple of 8, hence number of multiples of 8 in 0 to 64 = 9.
(B) Purpose : Properties of binomial coefficients.
69
C3r 1  69C3r  69Cr2 1  69Cr 2  70C3 r  70Cr 2  r 2  3r or r 2  3r  70  0
 r  3, 7 .
(C) Purpose : To find the greatest numerical term of a binomial expansion.
3
26.
26.3 x 6 r5
r r
2  3x 3 .
2
6
(D) Purpose : Use of binomial expansion to check divisibility.
20
262  4 1  7  4  7k , hence remainder is 4.

Sol. (A)(q), (B)(r), (C)(p), (D)(s)
(A) y = e4x + 2e–x ; y1 = 4e4x – 2e–x ; y2 = 16e4x + 2e–x ; y3 = 64e4x – 2e–x
Now, y3 – 13y1 = (64e4x – 2e–x) – 13(4e4x – 2e–x)
= 12e4x + 24e–x
y3 –13y = 12 (e4x + 2e–x) = 12y
 K = 12 and K/3 = 4
dy
(B) Let y = mx + c  =m
dx
20
 m  xm 2  mx  c  0
 m = m2 and c = m
 m = 0 or m = 1
dy du
(C) y = um  = m um–1
dx dx
dy dy
Substituting the value of y and in 2x4y + y4 = 4x6
dx dx
du
we have 2x4 um m um–1 + u4m = 4x6.
dx
du 4x 6 – u 4m
 =
dx 2m x 4 u 2 m –1
(D) y = Axm + Bx–n
dy
 = Amxm–1 –nBx–n–1
dx
d2y
 = Am (m – 1) xm–2 + n(n + 1) Bx–n–2
dx 2
d2 y dy
Putting these value in x 2
2
 2x = 12y
dx dx
We have = m (m + 1) Axm + n (n – 1) Bx–n = 12 (Axm + Bx–n)
 m (m + 1) = 12 or n (n – 1) = 12
 m = 3, –4 or n = 4, –3
43. (A) - (p), (B) - (s), (C) - (q), (D) - (r)

43. Purpose :Geometrical interpretation of relations in terms of vector algebra.
    
  
Sol. (A) r  a . r  b  0  APB  , hence P lies on a sphere having AB as diameter..
2
          
    
(B) c. r  b  a. b  c  r. b  c  a. b  c   
     
  
 r  a . b  c  0 P lies on a plane parallel to b & c and passing through A.
 
             c  b  
(C) 2 r  a  a  b  c  a  2 r  a  c  a  b  a or  r  2   a  0 .
 

Hence P lies on a straight line parallel to a and passing through midpoint of BC.
  2 2
 
(D) r  a  b  PA  B , hence P lies on a sphere whose radius is & center is A.
   
 
Also r  a .b  0  P lies on a plane passing through A and normal to b .
Conclusively P lies on circle of section of a sphere and a plane.
44.
Sol. (a)  r; (b)  p; (c)  r; (d)  q
(a) Purpose : Standard equation of a tangent with slope m.
Equation of tangent : y  mx  18m 2  8
As it passes through (6, 0), hence 6m   18m2  8
21
2
m .
3
Hence tangents are 2x  3y  12 & 2x  3y  12
(b) Purpose : Use of empirical result T = S1
x 2 y2 9 4 3x 2x
S :   1, S1    1, T   1
16 12 16 12 16 12
3x 2y 9 4
T  S1    
16 12 16 12
 9x  8y  43
y2
2 x y
(c) Purpose : Use of empirical result T = 0 S : x   1, T :   1 .
4 6 4
Hence the equation of chord of contact is 2x  3y  12 .
(d) Purpose : Conditions of tangency to various curves in terms of slope.

Let the common tangent be y = mx + c, then c 2  6m 2  10  8 1  m 2 
 m 2  1 . Hence equations of common tangents are x  y  4 .
45. (A)  (QRS); (B)  (P); (C)  (S); (D)  (S)

(a) Purpose : Use of Standard result about three concurrent normals.
y2 – 4x – 2y + 5 = 0 => (y - 2)2 = 4(x - 1)
In standard form x > 2a, hence here x > 3.
(b) Purpose : Use of geometry & calculus to find shortest distance between two curves.
Any point on the first parabola is  t 2 , 2t  . Slope of tangent at this point is 1/t.
t2
Eq. of tangent to second parabola with slope 1/t is ty  x  3  .
2
2t 2  4t 2  6  t 2 t2  6
Distance between the two parabolas = i.e.
4  4t 2 2 1 t2
t 3  4t
For distance to be minimum  0 or t  2, 0, 2 .
2 1  t 2 
(c) Purpose : Use of parametric relations for the standard parabola.
Let A & B be  4t1 , 2t12  &  4t 2 , 2t 2 2  , where t1t2 = -1.
2 2
AB  16  t1  t 2   4  t12  t 2 2 
2
Or AB   t1  t 2 
2
 1
 AB  2  t1    8 .
 t1 
(d) ( ,  ) is interior to both the curves if  2   2  16 0 and  2  4  0 .

2

Now,   4  0      .
2
2
22
Hence, If   0 ,   1, 2,3,....,
if   1 ,   1, 2,3,....,
if   2 ,   2,3,..., if   3 ,   3, 4,...,
Also  2  m2  16  0   2  16   2 .
Hence, if   0 ,   1, 2,3 ; if   1 ,   1, 2,3 ; if   2 ,   2,3 ; if   3 ,  has no integral value.
 (1, 0), (2, 0), (3, 0), (1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (2, 2), (3, 2) are the possible points.
46. Purpose : Setting up a function depending on a variable parameter to have required monotonic behavior.
Sol.  A   p,  B   q,  C   r,  D   s
(A)
2
 e  2x  1 ,
2
 xe x , x0  x 2
x0
f x   2  f '  x   
  a  4ax  3x  , x  0
2 3 2 2
a x  2ax  x , x  0
2 2 1
Now 3x  4ax  a  0  0  a  .
3
 p5  3  p5  2
(B) f (x)    1 x  3x  log 5  f '(x)  3   1 x  3 .
 1 p   1 p 
   
p5
If f is always decreasing, then  1  p  5  p  1, p  1
1 p
 p 2  3p  4  0   p  4  p  1  0  1  p  4 .
(C) f (x)  sin 2 x    2  2  1 sin x  f '  x    2 sin x   2  2  1 cos x
  
Now in   ,  , cos x > 0 hence 2sin x   2  2  1 must have exactly one zero.
 2 2
 2   2  2  1  2   2  2  3  0     1,3
(D) Let f(x) = x3 – 3x + a2 - a  f ’(x) = 3x2 – 3 = 0  x = ± 1
f  0   0  a 2  a  0 & f 1  0  a 2  a  2  0
Hence a   1, 0   1, 2  .
47. Purpose : Identifying points of discontinuity & non differentiability of a piecewise defind function/function having
removable discontinuity.
Sol.  A   q,  B   p,  C   r,  D   s
(A) continuity must be checked at x = 1, 2, e, 3, 10, 11, 12, 3.5
Further, f(1) = 0 and xlim f  x   lim sgn  x  2   loge x   0

1 x 1
Hence, f(x) is continuous at x = 1
lim f  x   lim sgn  x  2   log e x    1  0  0
x  2 x 2
lim f  x   lim sgn  x  2    loge x    1  0  0 Hence, f(x) is continuous at x = 2.

x  2 x 2
lim f  x   lim sgn  x  2   loge x   1 Þ lim f  x   lim x 2   0

x 3 x 3 x 3 x 3
23
Hence, f(x) is discontinuous at x = 3.
Also {x2} is discontinuous at x = 10, 11, 12 therefore,
lim f  x   lim x 2   0.25  f  3.5 

7 x 3
x
2
Hence, f(x) is discontinuous at x = 3, 10, 11, 12 , e
 1  1
1 1  x

 2 sin  cos  2  e if x0
 x  x x 
(B) f 'x  
1
 1  1 1  x
 x 2  sin x  cos x  2  e if x0

clearly there are no points of extremum.
(C) not differentiable at x = 1 & x = 3 .
1  1  
      1
(D) 2   1  2 x  x  
lim x  1  2  3  .......      lim x
  x 0
 x  2
x 0

2
 y  y  1  y  y  y   y  1  y   2y  1 y  y  y  1
2
lim  lim .
y  2y 2 y  2y 2 2y 2 2
48. Sol. A - s, B - r, C - p, D - q
(A) Purpose : Family of curves given by general equation of second degree/Condition on general equation of
second degree to represent a circle.
Eq. of any curve through the points in which given lines meet coordinate axes will be
 a1x  y  b  a 2 x  y  b   xy  0 . If these points are concyclic then a1a 2  1 .
(B) Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = 0.
Any point on x2 + y2 = a12 will be  a1 cos , a1 sin   . The chord of contact of the tangents drawn to x2 + y2 = 4
from this point will be a1x cos   a1 y sin   4 .
If this touches the circle x2 + y2 = a22 , then a1a2 = 4.
(C) Purpose : Condition of orthogonality.
If the two circles cut orthogonally, then a1  a1  a 2  a 2  2  1  1
24
 a12  a 2 2  4
(D) Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle
Centre of the given circle is (2, 3) & radius is 5. Now distance between (8, ) & the centre is 10. Hence
a1  5 & a 2  15 .
49. Purpose : Manipulating the given data to obtain required conclusions/Geometrical characteristics of triangles/
angle between two lines.
Sol. A  q, B  r, C  s, D  p
(A) Produce the median AM to D such that GM = MD. Join D to B and C .
Now GBDC is a parallelogram .
Note that the sides of the GDC are 6, 8, 10  GDC = 90º
12 . 8
Area of  ADC  2
 48
3.8
Area of  MDC  2  12
 Area of  AMC = 36 & Area of  ABC = 72 cm2

(B)   B  C  2  A  B  C  B  C        3
(C) equation of BD is 3x - 2y - 19 = 0
AC will be perpendicular to BC and passing through (1, 4)
Hence equation of AC is 2x + 3y - 14 = 0
other two sides are 9x + 2y - 113 = 0 & 3x - 10 y - 59 = 0
(D) Find slopes of lines making angle 45 degree with hypotenuse.
50. (A)  (Q); (B)  (P,S); (C)  (S); (D)  (Q,S)

50.
Purpose : Identifying various characteristics of a function defined non elementaryly.
Sol.  A   q,  B   p,s,  C   s,  D   q,s
(A) f(x) has exactly one point of maximum at x = 0.
(B) f  x   x 3  x 2  4x  sin x  f '  x   3x 2  2x  4  cos x

2
 1  11
 f '  x   3  x     cos x .
 3 3
Clearly f ’(x) > 0 for all x.
25
Hence f(x) is one-one, onto & continuous at x = 0.
1 1 1 1
(C) f '  x   3x 2 sin  x cos , f    0  f  x   x 3 sin
x x  x
1
Now lim x 3 sin  0  f  0  . Hence f(x) is continuous at x = 0.
x 0 x
(D) f  x   3x 4  4 x 3  6 x 2  b  f '  x   12 x  x 2  x  1 
Hence f(x) has only one local extremum at x = 0 & is continuous at x = 0.
51.  A    p ;  B   q  ; C    r 
Purpose : To understand Argand plane/Complex numbers as ordered pair of coordinates.
z1  
 4  3i4  3i  3  4i
Sol. (A) .
3  4i
(B) Circumcentre of ABC  0, 0 

3  10i
centroid of ABC 
3
orthocentre of ABC = 3 + 10i.
(C) z1z 2 z 3   z a z b z c .
   3  4i  4  3i  4  3i    3  4i  4  3i  4  3i    3  4i  25  75  100i

Sol. A - q, B - p, C - s, D - r
10
(A) Consider the expansion of 1  x 3  x , differentiate w.r.to x & put x = 1.
(B) nC0  nC2  nC4  ...  2 n1

n
(C) Take the expansion of 1  x 2  x , differentiate w.r.to x, multiply by an x and diff. again and then put x = 1.
n n 1
Cr Cr 1 n 1
(D) Use  & then C1  n 1C1  n 1C2  ...  n1Cr 1  2 n1  1 .
r 1 n 1
53.
Purpose : Methods/techniques of evaluation of limit.
Sol.  A   r,  B   p,  C   q,  D   r
1/ x 1  f (1 x )  f (1)  f '1
 f (1  x)  lim 
f 1 x 0 x

 f 1
(A) lim   e e  e2
x 0
 f (1) 
2  x 2 x3  x2 x3
2 x
1  x  x   1  x    ...    ...
(B) 1 x  x  e  2 6   lim 2 6 1
lim 2
 lim 2 2

x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x 2
f (x)  x 2  1 xf (x)  sin x  sin x  x 3  x

(C) lim  lim
x  0 xf  x  sin x x 0 x 2 f  x  sin x
26
xf (x)  sin x sin x  x 3  x

 lim  lim
x  0 x 2 f  x  sin x x 0 x 2 f  x  sin x
 x3 x5 
3  x    ...   x 3  x
sin x  x  x 3! 5!
Now lim 2  lim  
x  0 x f  x  sin x x0  3
x x 5

x 2  x    ...  f  x 
 3! 5! 
7x 3 x 5

  ...
6 5! 7
 lim 5 7

x0 
3 x x  6
 x    ...  f  x 
 3! 5! 
1 7 5
Hence required limit is   
3 6 6
2e1/ x  e 1/ x 2e 2/ x  3
(D) lim  lim
x  0 e1/ x  e 1/ x x  0 e 2/ x  1
1 1
 x  x
Clearly x  0  e  0 & x  0  e   , hence limit does not exist.
54. (A)  (P); (B)  (Q); (C)  (S); (D)  (R)

2ce
Sol. (A) Given that 2b = a + c, c2 = bd & d  .
ce
2 a  c 2ce
Now substituting the values of b & d in c2 = bd, we get c  
2 ce
 c 2  ae .
(B) Let the sides of the three triangles be a 1 , b1 , c1 , a 2 , b 2 c 2  & a 3 , b 3 , c 3  with each triangle being right
angled at vertices opposite to the sides c1 ,c2 & c3 . Now
a1  b1  c1  a 2  b 2  c2  a 3  b3  c3  2s & a12  b12  c12 , a 2 2  b 2 2  c 2 2 , a 3 2  b3 2  c3 2
2 2 2
=>  a1  b1   c12  2a1b1 ,  a 2  b 2   c 2 2  2a 2 b 2 ,  a 3  b 3   c32  2a 3 b 3
1 1 1
=> a1b1  a 3 b3  2  a 2 b 2  a1b1  a 3 b3  2a 2 b 2
2 2 2
Hence  c1  c 2  2c3 .
(C) a  c  2b, c 2  ab  2b 2  bc  c2  0
2
b b
 2      1  0
c c
b 1 a
Hence  & 4
c 2 b
a c
 b .
4 2
27
cx ax 1
(D)  
x   a  b x   b  c  x   a  b  x   b  c
 x  ax   ab  ac    x  cx   bc  ac    1
 ax 2   ab  ac  x  cx 2   bc  ac  x  1  0
  a  c  x 2   ab  bc  2ac  x  1  0
1 1 2
   .
a c b
55. Purpose : Properties of Scalar & Vector Triple Product.

Sol. The points A, B, C and D are coplanar 
     
Vectors b – a, c – a, d – a are in the same plane
A(a)
D(d)
      B(b) C(c)
 (b – a).(c – a)  (d – a)  0
       
(b – a).(c  d – c  a – a  d)  0
          
[b c d] – [b c a] – [b a d] – [a c d]  0
           
 [a b c]  [b c d]  [c a d]  [d a b]  (C)  s
          
Also [d a b]  [a b c]  [d a c]  [b d c]  (D)  p
  
Now x = |projection of (a – b) on n |
 
n A(a)
B x
C D
  
(a – b) . n
x= 
|n|
        
x | n | = | (a – b) . (b  c  c  d  d  b) |
          
= [a b c]  [a c d]  [a d b] – [b c d]
                 
x (b  c  c  d  d  b)  [b c d]  [a b c]  [a c d]  [a d b]  (A)  q
Similarly  (B)  r
56. Sol. A - t, B - r, C - p, D - q, E - s
(A) x + y + z + t = 10
4 movies 10 people (people as alike objects and movies as 4 different beggars)
give one to each x, y, z and t and
hence the number of ways = the number of non-negative integral solution of the equation
x+ y+ z+ t = 6
using distributions
000000ØØØ
 
number of ways is 9C3 = 84
28
(B) ( 9C3 – 4 ) – 8C2 = 52

(C) at most two children got mobile of the other children
 exactly 3R and 2W + all 5 got their own mobile
= 5C3 · 1 + 1 = 11
(D) 12 = 22 · 3
hence groups of 4 that work out
4!
1, 1, 6, 2 = = 12
2!
4!
1, 1, 3, 4 = = 12
2!
4!
2, 2, 3, 1 = = 12
2!
36
(E) 5C . 3C . 2 ! = 60 .
2 2
57. (A) - (q), (B) - (s), (C) - (p), (D) - (r)

(A) Square of a number ends in 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 and 9
favourable ordered pairs of (a2, b2) can be
(0, 0) ; (0, 5), (5, 0), (5, 5) ; (1, 4) , (4, 1) ; (1, 9) , (9, 1) ; (4, 6) , (6, 4) ;
(6, 9) , (9, 6) and P(0) = 1/10 = P(5) ; P(1) = P(4) = P(6) = P(9) = 2/10
(B) P (T) = 1/5 & P (H) = 4/5
No head in two tosses gives probability = 1/25, hence for at least one head = 24/25
(C) n(S) = 55 ,
2 boxes which are to remain empty, can be selected in 5C2 ways and 5 marbles can be placed in the remaining 3
boxes in groups of 221 or 311 in
 5! 5! 
3!   5
 = 150 ways  n (A) = C2· 150
 2!2!2! 3! 2! 
150 60 12
Hence P(E) = 5C2 · 5
= =
5 125 25
(D) P (S  F) = 0.0006, where S : moter cycle is stolen ; F : moter cycle found
P (S) = 0.0015
P(F  S) 6 104 2
P (F/S) = =  4 =
P(S) 15 10 5
58. Sol. (a)  r; (b)  p; (c)  s; (d)  q

(a) Purpose : To find standard data of an ellipse by shifting the origin.
3x 2  4y 2  6x  16y  7  0  3  x 2  2x   4  y 2  4y   7  0
2 2
 x  1  y  2 2b 2
  1  L.R.  i.e. 3 .
4 3 a
(b) Purpose : Common normal of two curves.
Minimum distance of two curve is measured along a common normal.
2 2 4 2
Equation of normal to ellipse : x y  24 .
cos  sin 
Normal to a circle is diameter, hence the normal passes through the center of the circle i.e. (6, 6).
1
 sin   cos   , hence minimum distance between the two curves
2
29
= distance of (2, 4) from (6, 6) the radius
= 5.
(c) Purpose : Parametric coordinates
Let the points be
 4cos    120  ,sin    120  ,  4 cos , sin   ,  4 cos    120 , sin    120  
Now area of triangle formed by these points will be
1 4 cos    120  sin    120 

1
A 1 4 cos  sin 
2
1 4 cos    120  sin    120 
By R 3  R 3  R1 , R 2  R 2  R 1 we get
1 4 cos    120  sin    120 

1
A  0 8sin    60  sin 60 2 cos    60  sin 60
2
0 8sin  sin120 2 cos  sin120
1 cos    120  sin    120 

 A  8sin 60sin120 0  sin    60  cos    60 
0  sin  cos 
By R 3  R 3  R1 , R 2  R 2  R 1 we get
1 4 cos    120  sin    120 

1
A  0 8sin    60  sin 60 2 cos    60  sin 60
2
0 8sin  sin120 2 cos  sin120
1 cos    120  sin    120 

 A  8sin 60sin120 0  sin    60  cos    60 
0  sin  cos 
 A  6  sin  cos    60   cos  sin    60   or A  3 3 .

(d) equation of director circle will be x 2  y 2  a 2  b 2 .
59.
Sol. A - p, B - s, C - q, D - r
(a) Purpose : Use of empirical relation T = 0.
Let a point on 2x + y = 4 be P  h, 4  2h  .
Chord of contact w.r.to P will be  4  2h  y  2  x  h  i.e. 2y  x  h  y  1

Hence the fixed point is (-2, 1).
(b) Purpose : Use of condition of tangency/Eq. of tangent in terns of slope.
2 2
1  5 3  1
y  x  5x  6  y    x   & y  x 2  x  1  y    x   .
2
4  2 4  2
Tangents with slope ‘m’ to the two parabolas will be
30
1  5 1 3  1 1
y  mx   & y   m x    .
4  2  4m 4  2  4m
1 5m 1 1 m 3 1
For a common tangent      m .
4m 2 4 4m 2 4 3
(c) Purpose : Use of eq. of normal in terms of slope/Use of theory of equation.
Equation of normal y  mx  2m  m3 .
As it passes through (11/4, 1/4) hence 4m 3  3m  1  0 .
As the above equation has 3 roots hence there will be three normals.
(d) Purpose : Use of geometrical properties of a parabola.
From the given equation SP  SQ  4 & SP  SQ  2 .
1 1 1
  implies a = 1/2.
SP SQ a
60. A - q, B - r, C - s, D - p
(A) Purpose : Distributions of identical objects.
9  3 1
C 3 1  55
(B) Purpose : Restricted selections from a circular arrangement.
Number of ways to select two adjacent vertices = 10
Number of ways to chose third vertex = 6
Number of triangle = 10 X 6 = 60.
(C) Purpose : Exponent of a prime in n!
185  185  185 
Exponent of 5 =      37  7  1  45
 5   25  125 
(D) Purpose : Distributions of distinct objects.
30 = 2 X 3 X 5 X 7
Hence we have to distribute 4 objects in three groups i.e. 34.
61. Purpose : To find locus using empirical formula T = 0, standard results & geometrical properties.
Sol. A  r, B  q, C  q, D  q
(A) Equation of normal is ty  t 3 x  2t 4  2 , where slope of normal is t2.
Sum of slopes = t12  t 2 2  t 3 2  t 4 2 .
4 3 x
Now 2t  xt  yt  2  0   t1  & t t
1 2 0
2
x2
Hence  2.
4
(B) Let the point be P  a sec , a tan   & asymptote be x + y = 0, then foot of perpendicular will be
 a sec   a tan  a tan   a sec  

N , 
 2 2 
3a sec   a tan  3a tan   a sec 

Mid point of PN will be x  ,y 
4 4
31
Eliminating gives locus as a hyperbola.
x y sec  tan 
(C) Comparing sec   tan   1 & hx  ky  a 2 gives h  a 2 , k  a 2 .
a b a b
Hence locus will be a hyperbola.
(D) Geometrical property of rectangular hyperbola.
62. A - r, B - p, C - q, D - p
(A) aij  i 2  j 2  aij  a ji
1 1/ 3 1/ 9
(B) A  3 1 1/ 3  0
9 3 1
(C) aij  i 2  j 2  aij  a ji
(D) A  2   3   3   2   4    2    1   3  1 4   4    1 2   1 3  0 .
32

(Maths) Solution

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

(Maths) Solution

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

SINGLE CHOICE SOLUTION

[Sol. We have tan4x + cot4x + 2= 4sin2y 

3. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.

5. Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle

We have, APB  450 or 1350

 Distance between the centre = (a  b) 2  (a  b)2 = 2 a2  b2

7. Purpose : Relating two definite integrals using substitution.

8. Purpose : (i) Application of derivative in analysing monotonic behavior of a function

9. Purpose : Understanding the domain of combinatorial operator.

11. Purpose : Diametric form of equation of a circle/Length of tangent to a circle.

12. Purpose : (i)Application of integration to find area bounded by a curve.

13. Purpose : Relations in roots & coefficients of a quadratic equation.

15. Purpose : Locus using geometry/trigonometry & not by coordinate geometry

16. Purpose :Application of vector products in physical quantities.

(n  2)!· 2!· (n  r  1)!· r!

19. Purpose : Identifying Locus based on behavior of a variable parameter.

 but if k1  k 2 then P is a straight line

24. Purpose : Restricted circular permutations.

25. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.

26. Purpose : Using boundary values in A.M./G.M. inequality

28. Purpose : Relating eccentricity with a & b.

29. Purpose : (i) Evaluation of limit by standard formulae/L’hospital’s rule.

tan  e2x 1  1  tan  e 2x 1  1   e 2x 1  1   2x  1 

tan  e 2x 1  1 2e 2x 1 sec 2  e2x 1  1

 cos  cos  cos(  ) cos  sin  cos(  ) 

32. Purpose : Location of roots of a quadratic equation.

33. Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain specific conclusion.

(sin 1 x1  sin 1 x2  ....in 1 x6 )  (cos1 y1  cos1 y2  ....cos1 y6 )  9 ,

34. Purpose : Geometrical Characteristics of a circle/Power of a point w.r.to a circle.

37. Purpose : Distributing n distinct objects in r distinct groups.

y  tan 1  log ex6  e2 / x 3    tan 1  log e/x12  e 4 x 3  

42. Purpose : Use of geometrical properties of a parabola.

47. Purpose : Nature of roots of a quadratic equation.

49. Purpose : Solving a Linear D.E. using Integrating Factor.

50. Purpose : Principal of inclusion & exclusion/dearrangements.

53. Purpose : Manipulating given data to obtain required conclusions.

cos 2 2 cos 2 2 2  cos2 23  cos 2 2 n 

63. Purpose : (i) Using shifting the origin.

64. Purpose : Restricted linear permutations without repetitions.

65. Purpose : Solving a D.E. by separating variables using exact differentials.

66. Purpose : Relations in roots & coefficients of a quadratic equation.

68. Purpose : Use of parametric relations for the standard parabola.

69. Purpose : Properties of binomial coefficients.

Clearly if b < 1, then f(x) is monotoniaclly decreasing in  0,   .

72. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.

75. Purpose : Use of vector addition & section formula.

76. Purpose : Standard equation of a tangent with slope m.

Put ef (2t) =y  2 f ' (2t) ef (2t) dt = dy

80. Purpose : Restricted linear permutations without repetitions.

82. Purpose : Evaluating a definite integral using properties/transformations.

  sin x cos x  dx    sin x cos x  dx  2I   sin x cos 4 x  dx

Let BAO    A  (2 cos , 0) , B  (0, 2 sin )

86. Purpose : Relations in roots & coefficients of a cubic equation.

88. Purpose : Application of L’Hospital’s Rule.

Again by L’Hospital’s rule

89. Purpose : Application of theory of equations to deal with concyclic points.

t 4   2 g  1 t 2  2 ft  c  0 , where a, b, c & d are the roots of this equation.

90. Purpose : General use of concepts & formulae of 3-D geometry.

92. Purpose : Restricted linear permutations without repetitions.

93. Purpose : Use of eq. of normal in terms of slope/Use of theory of equation.

Now tangent to the two parabola 4 x  y 2  8 y  40 in

97. Purpose : Use of concept of family of planes.

98. Purpose : Integration by transformation & substitution.

100. Purpose : Location of roots of a quadratic equation.