NAVIGATION TEST

1. What is a line of position?

A. A specific visual checkpoint, such as a road intersection, a bridge over a stream, or a racetrack
B. A range of possible positions along a specific line, one of which is the actual position of the aircraft
C. A dead reckoning course that has been corrected for wind drift as well as the effects of magnetic fields

2. What are the advantages of pilotage over dead reckoning?

3. True/False. The primary advantage of dead reckoning over pilotage is that it provides accurate navigation
over areas that have few, if any, visual checkpoints.

4. True/False. Dead reckoning uses calculations of time, speed, distance and direction to navigate without
reference to visual landmarks.

5. True/False. Magnetic variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north.

6. What information is usually entered on a navigation log?

A. The boundaries of restricted airspace, engine power settings, and the names and locations of alternate
airports along the course
B. Information on the heights of obstructions along the route, and the lengths of the runways at the departure
and destination airports
C. Distance between checkpoints, cruising altitudes, true airspeed, wind correction angles, corrections for
magnetic variation and compass deviation, estimated and actual groundspeed, fuel consumption rates, and
estimated and actual times between checkpoints

7. Select the true statement regarding the magnetic compass.

A. Magnetic fields within the airplane create magnetic variation.
B. Because of variation, the magnetic compass never points to true north.
C. The compass heading is the source used to set the gyroscopic heading indicator.

8. Name at least three factors that you would consider when choosing a cruising altitude.

9. What altitude would be required by the VFR cruising altitude rule for an airplane on a magnetic course of
240°?
A. 2,500 feet MSL
B. 3,500 feet MSL
C. 4,500 feet MSL

10. With which FAA facilities should you close your VFR flight plan?

11. What should you do if you find that you will reach your destination 18 minutes after the ETA on your
VFR flight plan?

12. True/False. When a VFR flight plan is opened, only the aircraft identification, type, destination, and ETA
are transmitted to the destination FSS.

1. What is an advantage of the VHF frequencies used for VOR navigation?

A. You can receive AM radio broadcasts over your VOR on these frequencies.
B. VHF frequencies are not limited by mountains or the curvature of the earth.
C. VHF radio waves are less susceptible to interference than low frequency radio waves.

2. What navigation capability does a VORTAC provide?

3. Identify the components of the VOR indicator
shown in the accompanying figure.

4. Why is it important to set your VOR indicator

to generally agree with your intended course?

5. If the CDI is deflected three dots to the right

and your VOR indicator and heading indicator
are in general agreement, where is your
desired course?

A. 6° left
B. 3° right
C. 6° right

Refer to the following figure to answer questions 6 through 8.

6. Which VOR indication would you expect for aircraft 1?

7. Which VOR indication would you expect for aircraft 2?

8. Which VOR indication would you expect for aircraft 3?

9. True/False. The indications on an HSI change with aircraft heading.

10. Approximately, what will a DME display indicate when you are directly over the
station at 12,000 feet AGL?
1. ADF equipment is capable of receiving signals from what type(s) of facility?

A. Any FM radio station

B. NDBs and AM commercial broadcast stations
C. Specially equipped VOR or VORTAC stations

Use the fixed-card ADF indicators to answer questions 2 through 4.

2. What is your relative bearing to the station depicted on ADF indicator A? If your aircraft
is on a heading of 050°, what is your magnetic bearing to the station?

3. What is your relative bearing to the station depicted on ADF indicator B? If your aircraft
is on a heading of 120°, what is your magnetic bearing to the station?

4. What is your relative bearing to the station depicted on ADF indicator C? If your aircraft
is on a heading of 135°, what is your magnetic bearing to the station?

Use the movable-card ADF indicators to answer questions 5 through 7.

5. What is your relative bearing to the station depicted on ADF indicator A? What is your
magnetic bearing to the station?
6. What is the relative bearing to the station depicted on ADF indicator B? What is your
magnetic bearing from the station?
7. What is the relative bearing to the station depicted on ADF indicator C? What is your
magnetic bearing to the station?

8. If you are navigating with ADF indicator C and are on course tracking a bearing, what is
your aircraft's direction of flight relative to the station, and the wind correction used?

A. Tracking to the station with a 15° correction for a left crosswind

B. Tracking to the station with a 15° correction for a right crosswind
C. Tracking from the station with a 15° correction for a left crosswind

9. True/False. The ADF receiver gives you a clear warning when the station signal is
unreliable.
10. Describe some of the limitations of ADF equipment.
1. When using a VORTAC-based RNAV system, how does the course displacement
display differ from that associated with traditional VOR navigation?

2. How does a LORAN-C receiver determine your position?

3. True/False. LORAN signals are unaffected by lightning.

4. Select the true statement(s) regarding INS.

A. INS is a self-contained system.

B. A typical INS unit derives its information from gyro-stabilized accelerometers.
C. It is unusual to find an INS installed in a light general aviation training aircraft.

5. What are the three main GPS segments?

6. How many NAVSTAR satellites must be in view for a GPS receiver to calculate a
three-dimensional position?

7. What is the maximum amount of position error which most civil users can expect from a
GPS receiver 95% of the time?

8. True/False. A LORAN-C calculated position is typically more accurate than a VORTAC

fix.