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Faculty of commerce – English Section Statistical techniques Second year

Chapter 1 Exercises

Choose the best answer::


1. The science of statistics includes which of the following:
A. Organizing data.
B. Presenting data.
C. Interpreting data.
D. All of the above.

2. In descriptive statistics our main objective is to


A. Describe the population.
B. Describe the data we collected.
C. Infer something about the population.
D. Compute an average.

3. Which of the following statements is true regarding a population?


A. It must be a large number of values.
B. It must refer to people.
C. It is a collection individuals, objects, or measurements.
D. None of the above.

4. Which of the following statements is true regarding a sample?


A. It is a part of population.
B. It must contain at least five observations.
C. It refers to descriptive statistics.
D. All of the above are correct.

5. A qualitative variable
A. Always refers to a sample.
B. Is not numeric.
C. Has only two possible outcomes.
D. All of the above are correct.

6. A discrete variable is
A. An example of a qualitative variable.
B. Can assume only whole number values.
C. Can assume only certain clearly separated values.
D. Cannot be negative.
7. A nominal scale variable is
A. Usually the result of counting something.
B. Has a meaningful zero point.
C. May assume negative values.
D. Cannot have more than two categories.

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Faculty of commerce – English Section Statistical techniques Second year
Chapter 1 Exercises

8. The ratio scale of measurement


A. Usually involves ranking.
B. Cannot assume negative values.
C. Has a meaningful zero point.
D. Is usually based on counting.

9. The ordinal scale of measurement


A. Has a meaningful zero point.
B. Is based on ranks
C. Cannot assume negative values.
D. All of the above.

10. Categories are exhaustive when


A. There is a meaningful zero point.
B. The objects can be ranked.
C. Each object must appear in at least one category.
D. Each object can be included in only one category.

Explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative variables. Give an example of
qualitative and quantitative variables.
When the characteristic being studied is nonnumeric, it is called a qualitative variable. Examples of qualitative
variables are gender, type of automobile owned, and eye color.
When the variable studied can be reported numerically, the variable is called a quantitative variable. Examples of
quantitative variables are the balance in your checking account, the life of an automobile battery, and the number
of children in the family.

Explain the difference between a sample and a population


Population is the entire group while sample is subset of the population

Explain the difference between a discrete and a continuous variable. Give an example of
each
Discrete variables can assume only certain values, and there are usually "gaps" between the values. Examples are
the number of bedrooms in a house. A home can have 3 or 4 bedrooms, but it cannot have 3.56 bedrooms. Thus
there is a gap between possible values.
Continuous variable can assume any value within a specific range. Examples are the air pressure in a tire, the
duration of a flight and the weight of a shipment of tomatoes.

List the four level of measurement and give an example of each level of measurement
1. Nominal-level data  Example is gender, Eye color is another example.
2. Ordinal-level data  For example, during a taste test of 4 soft drinks, Coca Cola was ranked number 1,
Fayrouz number 2, Pepsi number 3, and maka cola number 4.
3. Interval-level data  For example, temperature, shoe size & IQ scores
4. Ratio-level data  For example, wages, weight, changes in stock prices, distance between branch
Offices, and height.

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Faculty of commerce – English Section Statistical techniques Second year
Chapter 1 Exercises

Classify the following points as nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio


1. What is the level of measurement for each of the following variables?
a. Student IQ ratings. ( Interval )
b. Distance students travel to class.
( Ratio )
c. Student scores on the first statistics test.
( Interval )
d. A classification of students by state of birth.
( Nominal )
e. A ranking of students by freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior.
( Ordinal )
f. Number of hours students study per week.
( Ratio )

2. What is the level of measurement for these items related to the newspaper business?
a. The number of papers sold each Sunday during 2004.
( Ratio )
b. The departments, such as editorial, advertising, sports, etc.
( Nominal )
c. A summary of the number of papers sold by county. (
Ratio )
d. The number of years with the paper for each employee.
( Ratio )

3. For each of the following, determine whether the group is a sample or a population.
a. The participants in a study of a new cholesterol drug.
( Sample )
b. The drivers who received a speeding ticket in Kansas City last month. (
Pop. )
c. Those on welfare in Cook County (Chicago), Illinois. ( Pop. )
d. The 30 stocks reported as a part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. (
Sample )

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