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Section: Date

Members (LN, FN MI) Score

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF A WORM


I. Objectives:
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II. Materials:
Lab gown, earthworm, dissecting kit, dissecting tray, and colored pins.

III. Procedure
A. Observing the external anatomy of worms
1. Examine your earthworm and determine the dorsal (back) and ventral (belly) sides.
Note the swelling of the earthworm near its anterior side (front) this is the
clitellum.
2. The anterior (front) of the animal is more cylindrical than the flattened posterior and
is the closest to the clitellum.
3. The ventral surface of the earthworm is usually a lighter color than the dorsal surfac
e. The mouth is
located on the ventral surface of the first segment while the anus is found at the en
d of the last segment.
4. Locate the dark line that runs down the dorsal side of the worm, this is the dorsal bl
ood vessel.
5. The ventral blood vessel can be seen on the underside of the worm, though it is usu
ally not as dark.
6. Run your fingers over the ventral surface of the earthworm’s body. You should be a
ble to feel bristlelike setae used for locomotion.
7. Locate the worm's mouth and anus.
B. Observing the internal structure of earthworm
1. Place the specimen in the dissecting pan DORSAL side up.
2. Locate the clitellum and insert the tip of the scissors about 3 cm.
3. Cut carefully all the way up to the head. Try to keep the scissors pointed up, and on
ly cut through the skin.
4. Spread the skin of the worm out, use a needle to gently tear the septa (little
thread-like structures that hold the skin to organs below it).
5. Place pins in the skin to hold it apart.
6. You should be able to reveal the internal structure of the worm and pin the following
digestive organs:
i. Mouth/pharynx
ii. Esophagus
iii. Crop
iv. Gizzard
v. Intestine
vi. Anus

IV. Conclusion. Answer the following in complete sentences. Minimum of 3 sentences each. (5 pts
each)
1. Describe two ways in which an earthworm’s body is adapted to life in the soil?

2. Why do worms are used as model in human organ system?


External structure (anus, clitellum, setae, and mouth)

Internal structure (mouth/pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, and anus)

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