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SAP User
Locking a user
The Purpose of locking user is to temporarily deactivate the users so that they cannot longer
access the system.
Automatically
Explicitly/Forcefully
Automatically: - There are two possibilities when users get lock automatically
Step 4) In the next screen, Press Lock button again to lock the user.
An SAP user ID and password that allows them to connect to the SAP system
Specific SAP authorization objects and authorizations, including SAP table authorizations
Dialog
Service
Direct Link does not work with SAP accounts configured with any of the following SAP user types:
Communication
System
Reference
Authorization
Object class object Field Values Details
RFC_TYPE FUGR
FUNC
Basis: S_TABU_DIS Direct Link users should be assigned Controls a user's acc
Administration Table authorizations for those SAP tables groups of SAP tables
maintenance they need to access in order to To control user acces
perform their analysis. For example, table level, use the S
a user performing a General Ledger authorization object.
audit needs authorizations for the
general ledger tables.
S_TABU_NAM Note Controls a user's acc
Table SAP tables.
Your organization's own business
maintenance processes dictate which users
require table authorizations, and
what authorizations they require.
Work with your SAP Security
Administrator to determine the
appropriate level of access that your
users require.
Procedure
To configure a system as the transport domain controller (and thereby configure a new
transport domain):
1. Log on in client 000 in the SAP system that you want to configure as the
transport domain controller.
2. Call transaction STMS. The TMS: Configure Transport Domain dialog box
appears.
(This dialog box only appears if you have not yet configured a transport domain.)
The name of the transport domain may not contain blank characters. You cannot
change the name of the transport domain afterwards without reconfiguring the
domain controller and thereby the entire transport domain.
4. If your SAP system consists of multiple application servers, you can choose one
server for the TMS.
5. Save your entries.
6. Enter a secure password that you do not use for any other purpose.
Note
You must remember the password. You need it to set up an SAP system group
again. You can change the password of user TMSADM later by executing
program TMS_UPDATE_PWD_OF_TMSADM . The program copies the
password to all affected SAP systems of the TMS landscape.
The configuration of the transport domain is now complete for this SAP system. The
initial screen of transaction STMS shows that this SAP system is now functioning as the
domain controller of the transport domain.
Configuring the Backup Domain
Controller
Prerequisites
In your transport domain, the SAP System which is configured as the domain controller
is of special signifance. If this SAP System fails, you cannot make changes to the TMS
configuration during this time. If your transport domain contains more than three SAP
Systems, we therefore recommend that you configure a backup domain controller. If
your domain controller fails, the backup controller can assume the function of the
domain controller.
Caution
The SAP System that you want to use as the backup controller must have the same
release version as the transport domain controller. Otherwise, configuration information
may be lost when changing the domain controller.
Procedure
1. Log on to the SAP system that functions as the transport domain controller.
2. Call transaction STMS.
Data from different clients is kept separate at the kernel level. SQL
statements executed by an application
use the client number in the where-clause. Although a table may contain data
from several different clients,
Application data – such as business transaction data, and material master data
To have a consistent client copy you should not have any activity on the source
system.
Therefore, it is recommended to :
Disconnect and lock dialog users.
Suspend background jobs :
This can be done using report BTCTRNS1. The jobs will be released afterwards
using report BTCTRNS2.
For remote client copies, the data dictionnaries beetween the source and
target systems should be the same.
The network must have good performances in order for the client copy to be as
fast as possible.
An RFC must have been declared in sm59 to access the source client.
sure that this will not have any impact on the target client usability.
The client export during which the source client is exported to files in
/usr/sap/trans/data | cofiles.
The client import during which data is imported in the target client.
You must have enough space in the /usr/sap/trans file system to perform the
client export.
Step 5: Now create one more directory in that path with the
name "exe_old<ddmmyy>". Take the backup of existing
kernel.Copy (only copy not move) the existing kernel from exe
directory to "exe_old<ddmmyy>"
Step 6: Now stop the SAP application. (For kernel upgrade
the shutdown of database is not essential but we need to stop
the SAP application)
stopsap r3
Step 7:
Then copy the files from the new kernel directory
exe_new<ddmmyy> to the existing kernel directory exe
Step 8: This will copy / replace all the files in the existing
kernel directory with a new kernel files.
Then check the kernel version from OS level by the command
disp+work. It should show that the patch number has been
increased.
Step 9:
Then logon to OS level as root (specific to UNIX). In the
kernel directory, there is a script called saproot.sh. Execute
this script
./saproot.sh <SID>
Step 10: This script assigns the correct permissions to all the
executable programs in the kernel such br* file etc...
Step 11:
Then start the SAP system
startsap r3
Step 12: Now you can also check the kernel version level
from SM51 or by selecting system à status
Step 7) Once you schedule the job you will get the following
screen.
Step 8) Click Start conditions to fill start date, end date,
frequency, etc for job. If you do not specify start
condition then job will always remain in scheduled status.
A job in scheduled status will never run.
1. Click on Date/Time(For periodic jobs). If you click
"Immediate" then job will start running right away. But it
will not be set as periodic job. It's like "press and run."
2. Define job's start date/time, end date/time. The job will be
released only once it meets its Scheduled start
date/time.
3. Press periodic values.
Step 9) Click on Hourly/Daily/Weekly period to define the
frequency of the job as per your requirement.We will select
Other Period
Step 10) Here you specify the recurring criteria of the job.For
example, You can have the Job run after every 5 days from
the Start Date. Here we select job to run every 10 minutes
Step 4) You will find the message in the status bar once you
press "Released -> Scheduled".
Import History
We can also check the previous imports that happened in the
system as follows:
Diff between local client copy and remote client copy?..
Answer / Sanjay
local copy is made within 2 clients in single/same SAP
system
Suspending Background
Jobs during an upgrade
downtime
Hi
We are upgrading to ECC 6.0 soon and there will be an extended downtime to
facilitate the cutover.
The downtime will cover two days so there may be some daily jobs that will fall
twice within the downtime. If I run program BTCTRNS1 to suspend Background
jobs, and the run BTCTRNS2 to recommence, will the daily jobs that were
scheduled to tun twice during the downtime, actually run twice or will only the
most recent instance run?
Similarly for hourly jobs, when I run BTCTRNS2 will all hourly jobs that were due
to run in the downtime, actually run when i execute BTCTRNS2 to recommence?
Rgds
Richie
What Is a Control File?
Every Oracle database has a control file. A control file is a small binary file that
records the physical structure of the database and includes:
The control file must be available for writing by the Oracle database server whenever
the database is open. Without the control file, the database cannot be mounted and
recovery is difficult.
The control file of an Oracle database is created at the same time as the database. By
default, at least one copy of the control file is created during database creation. On
some operating systems the default is to create multiple copies. You should create two
or more copies of the control file during database creation. You might also need to
create control files later, if you lose control files or want to change particular settings
in the control files.
Procedure
1. From the CommCell Browser, expand Client
Computers > client > SAP for Oracle >instance.
2. Right-click the subclient and click Backup.
Full Backups
SAP on Oracle full backups include the entire database and the control file.
A full backup is the most comprehensive backup and is the baseline for
incremental backups. Full backups of online databases include the log files.
Incremental Backups
A SAP on Oracle incremental backup contains the changed data from the
last full backup. Incremental backups use less media and resources than full
backups.
Selective Online Full Backups
A selective online full backup is a backup taken when the database is
online. The backed up data is copied to a selective copy, which you can use
for a restore. This backup is useful in disaster recovery scenarios because
the data and logs are stored together.
What is Backed Up
Oracle database files that include the datafiles and control files
Archived redo logs
Performing Backups
You can perform backups immediately or schedule them through the
CommCell Console or by using the BR*Tools interface.
Job Restartability
For information on the default rules and how to change them,
see Changing the Default SAP for Oracle Backup Job Restartability Behavior.
SAP Profiles
This article answers the following queries:
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SAP R/3 systems uses Profiles to define the properties of an SAP R/3 Instance such as the
type and number of work processes, the size of main memory reserved for SAP R/3 and
various parameters like multiple logon, idle time out value etc
There are 3 types of profiles in SAP.
They are
All the profiles mentioned above are stored in the profile directory defined during installation
of the SAP system.
This path can be set using DIR_PROFILE profile parameter in the start profile.
Ideally the path of profile directory would be
In Unix Systems :
/usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/profile or /sapmnt/<SID>/profile
In Windows NT :
\\<SAPGLOBALHOST>\sapmnt\<SID>\sys\profile
Tip: Please note in AIX or HP-UX environment, we can go to the above profile directory
location using cdpro command at Os level.
All instances of a SAP system can read these profiles with share ( Systems based on
Windows ) or mount (Systems based on Unix) technology.
DEFAULT.PFL : This profile exists uniquely in an SAP R/3 system. It means if there are 5
application servers in an SAP system, even then there will be only one DEFAULT.PFL file.
It contains system-wide settings which include
START PROFILE : Unlike default profile, the start profile is specific to an instance. It
means if there are 5 application servers each will have one separate start profile with the
settings specific to an instance.
The startup process of the SAP system is controlled by the start profile that is read by the
start program [sapstart]. Here the services(eg: message, gateway, dialog , batch etc) that
are to be started are listed. Hence every instance will have separate start profile.
In other words, the start profile determines how, where and under what name individual
SAP R/3 services and processes are to start.
The naming convention of START PROFILE will be as below :
START_<instance><instance_number>_<host_name>
Eg: START_DVEBMGS00_prdserv4
For the start profile default names are assigned during the installation of an instance based
on the services that are running on the instance. For example, DVEBMGS in the start profile
above confirms that following services are available for that instance.
D – Dialog
V – Update
E – Enqueue
B – Batch
M – Message
G – Gateway
S - Spool
During the installation of an SAP R/3 system, the profiles are created with standard values.
Later it is Basis administrator’s responsibility to tune the parameters.
The source code of the SAP Kernel already sets standard default values for most of the
system parameters. However, you must specify some specific details like computer name,
system name and distribution of resources in the profiles.
The SAP profiles are read during the startup of an instance. The values defined in the
system profile (ie. DEFAULT.PFL) overwrite the standard settings in the source code. The
values defined in the instance profile overwrites the parameter values of DEFAULT.PFL for
the instance.
In case of any changes to System Profile ( DEFAULT.PFL or Default Profile), you must
restart all the instances of the SAP system as this is common for all instances.
However in case of any changes to instance profile, it is sufficient to take restart of only that
particular instance for the changes to take effect.
Sequence of SAP profiles that are read while starting SAP system :
First start profiles of various instances are read by the sapstart program
Secondly Default profile is read
Finally, instance profiles of various instances are read.
Only import packages when the system load is low, since users
must not be logged onto the system and there should be no
background jobs running.
Otherwise, problems can arise, such as terminated transactions or
problems with synchronization.
If you want to minimize the downtime when installing add-on packages, you
can perform the process in import mode Downtime-minimized.Add-On
Installation Tool then performs many of the phases during production
operation and prompts you to stop production operation. The tool also informs
you when you can resume production operation. (See Import Mode: Downtime-
minimized)
Prerequisites
● You are logged on in client 000.
● You have loaded the relevant installation packages into your system.
● You have selected the required installation mode in the Add-On
Installation Tool settings.
Procedure
Since the add-on installation procedure is identical to the add-on upgrade
procedure, the installation is used as an example here.
1. Call Add-On Installation Tool (transaction SAINT). The initial screen is
displayed, listing add-ons that have already been installed.
2. Choose Start to begin the installation process. A screen now appears
showing a list of installable Add-On Packages.
3. To search for additional installation packages in the current system’s
EPS directory, choose Load. The system displays any new packages it
finds.
See Loading Installation Packages.
4. To prepare the installation queue for an add-on, select the add-on that
you want to install, and choose Continue.
This can have varying results:
○ The add-on cannot be installed in this system, as not all installation
conditions have been met. If this happens, you are informed of the
conditions in question.
○ Additional packages (Support Packages or CRTs) are needed for
the installation. The system specifies which packages are missing.
The installation does not start.
Load the missing packages.
If errors occur during queue definition, read the queue calculation log.
○ If all installation requirements have been met, and all required
Support Packages are available, the relevant queue is displayed (all
packages that make up the installation in the correct order). You
can now start the installation process.
5. You can now add additional Support Packages to the installation queue.
To do this, go to the Support Package Selection tab page for each
component that you require and select the highest Support Package that
you want to import from the selection list. If you do not want to add any
other Support Packages for a component, select the empty field from the
selection list. The system automatically enters the Support Package
Level of the chosen Support Package in the Level field.
6. Once you have selected the target Support Packages for all the
components you require, choose Continue. The system calculates the
maximum possible queue using the chosen target Support Packages and
the installation queue that has already been calculated. The results of the
queue calculation are summarized in the Status/Commentsection, whilst
the resulting queue is listed in detail on the Installation Queue tab page.
At the same time, the Support Package Level reached with the calculated
queue is displayed on the Software Components tab page for each
component, and linked to the Support Package Level of the chosen target
Support Package using a comparison symbol. This provides you with a
rapid overview of the result of the queue calculation.
The queue calculation can have the following results:
○ The extended queue is consistent and corresponds completely to
the target Support Packages that you have chosen.
○ The extended queue is consistent, but does not correspond
completely to your chosen target Support Packages. For certain
components, the chosen target Support Package levels could not
be reached using the calculated queue, or more Support Packages
from a component had to be included in the queue than had
originally been required, in order to ensure a consistent queue.
These variances occur because of the dependencies between
Support Packages from different components. These make it
impossible to completely match the target Support Package levels
that you have chosen. This can happen if you need to include
Conflict Resolution Transports (CRTs).
○ The system could not extend the installation queue consistently.
An error message is displayed to this effect.
If errors occur during queue definition, read the queue calculation log.
7. If the queue does not meet your requirements, choose Back to return to
the Support Package selection. Modify your selections and start a new
queue calculation.
8. If the queue does meet your requirements, choose Continue.
9. The system prompts you to decide whether to include the modification
adjustment transports in the installation queue.
You can suppress this question in the Add-On Installation Tool settings.
If you confirm the question, a dialog box appears containing a list of the
available modification adjustment transports.
a. If no adjustment transports are displayed in the list, you need to
notify the system of the transports. To do this, choose Find
Adjustment Transports.
The system searches for adjustment transports in the Transport
Management System import queue and in the transport directory on
the application server. The system lists the transport requests that
you have selected as modification adjustment transports and
released in the export system.
For each adjustment transport listed, the Status field shows whether
or not it fits the current installation queue and can be included.
Adjustment transports that match the queue are already selected in
the table. An adjustment transport "matches" the queue if the target
Package status of the current queue is the same as the one in the
export system when the modification adjustment transport is
exported.
b. If required, change the adjustment transport selection.
You cannot select adjustment transports that do not match the
queue. To hide adjustment transports that do not match the queue,
choose Activate Filter.
c. To add the modification adjustment transports to the installation
queue and start the installation, choose Continue.
Logon Groups:
In many cases, SAP systems will have 2 or more sap abap instances.
In these cases, logon groups can be configured to achieve dynamic
distribution of dialog users on the ABAP instances.
Other criteria:
If your SAP system is operating across multiple countries or languages, in that case
it is good idea to create logon groups specific to a country or language. By this way the data
and text related to specific country or language will be loaded into the buffers of the
respective instances.
i) We can setup separate logon groups for some department like sales
whose work is performance critical. For that logon groups we assign
instances which operates with high level of performance (e.g: high speed
processors, less users per server, no background or update workprocesses
configured or a dedicated network etc)
ii) Some department users may take time-consuming reports in dialog
mode. For these type of users, you may have to create separate logon group
and assign an sap instance where profile parameter rdisp/max_wprun_time
is set to very high
In this way we can separate performance critical/resource intensive
applications from others.
For direct ABAP web service requests, we can setup logon groups that the
SAP Web Dispatcher can use. If logon groups are not configured for web
dispatcher, the load is distributed to all ABAP instances on which ICM is
configured. Also, based on URLs we can distribute certain group of requests
to dedicated logon groups.
Guide lines:
In this example iam creating two logon groups hr and fico and assigning
instances 00 and 09 respectively. Please find below screenshots which
explains the same.
Repeat the same step and create logon group fico and assign instance 09 for
it as shown above.
After doing this, you can see following logon groups in SMLG
Once you are done with logon group setup, please log off from SAP system
and goto SAPGUI of the respective SAP system.
Click on properties of the respective GUI entry and goto to connection tab as
shown below.
Please select Group/Server selection option from the drop down of
Connection Type as shown above and maintain description and system id of
the instance as shown above.
Now, you should be able to view the newly created logon groups as shown in
below figure:
Also, please note you are able to view logon group SPACE also which gets created by default
Now, you can configure any desired logon group to the users as shown
below:
For example in the above screen fico group is assigned to the end users in
his GUI so that now onwards, he will login into instance number 09 only.
If you no longer require any logon group, you can delete by proceeding as
shown below:
ii) Select the respective row and click on delete assignment which deletes
the assignment of an instance to a logon group (highlighted in green color in
below screen)
Click on delete icon above which confirms deletion of assignment
iii)If you wish to delete logon group itself, then select the respective logon
group and click on “delete group” in the above screen highlighted in red
color (please refer screen 1 of point ii above). This deletes the logon group
itself and removes all assignments related to this group.
Goto transaction code SMLG as shown below and click on highlighted icon
below to view the load distribution across instances
Alternatively, you can view this by navigating to Goto -> Load Distribution or by pressing
F5 key in the above screen