DAVAO CENTRAL COLLEGE

Juan dela Cruz st.Toril, Davao City

College of Education and Liberal Arts

“FAMILY PLANNING”

Submitted to:

Mrs. Shiela Caguimbal

Sociology Instructor

Submitted by:

Ma. Katleen M. Lizardo

April 2, 2019
 Introduction

Building a family is both the husband and wife's responsibility. In the family, both

works together to provide every need of their children. Their role is to guide and support

their children in realizing their dreams and aspirations. Not only do parents support their

children but it is also included in building a family that the husband and wife prepare, plan,

and decide the number of children they want and when they want to have them. That is

why our government introduce family planning to its citizens.

Definition

Family planning is the process when a married couple plan to have their own

children and seek for ways and methods on how to have them. It also includes controlling

when to have a pregnancy. It is the rational, voluntary and moral management of all the

processes of family life including human reproduction.

Methods of Family Planning

1. Natural Methods

a. Abstinence- Sexual abstinence is a choice to not participate in any genital

contact. The choice is usually made for a specific moral, religious, legal, or

health reason.

b. Calendar Method- This method helps you predict your fertile days by tracking

the length of your menstrual cycles over several months.

c. Basal Body Temperature- this is used by women with irregular period. When

the woman’s temperature has risen above her regular temperature and stayed

higher for 3 full days, ovulation has occurred and the fertile period has passed.

The couple can have unprotected sex on the 4th day and until her next monthly

bleeding begins.

d. Cervical Mucus- The cervical mucus method, like other fertility awareness

methods, works by enabling women to avoid sex in periods when they are

fertile. In doing this, it prevents sperm coming into contact with a live egg and

thus prevents pregnancy.

e. Withdrawal Method (Coitus Interruptus)- This method is a way to prevent

pregnancy by keeping semen away from the vagina.

2. Artificial Method

a. Physical Barriers

 Condoms- Condoms are great at preventing both pregnancy and STDs.

If you follow the instructions and use them every time you have vaginal,

anal, or oral sex, there’s very little chance of pregnancy, or getting or

giving an STD.

 Diaphragm- A diaphragm is a barrier form of birth control. Combined

with spermicide, it prevents pregnancy by blocking the uterine opening,

and by stopping the sperm from moving and fertilizing an egg.

 Implantable Rods- Implantable contraception (often called the birth

control implant) is a small, flexible plastic tube that doctors put under the

skin of a girl's upper arm. The tube releases hormones that can help

protect against pregnancy for up to 3 years.

 Intrauterine Device- It is a small, often T-shaped birth control device

that is inserted into a woman's uterus to prevent pregnancy. IUDs are

one form of long-acting reversible birth control (LARC).

 Birth Control Sponges- The contraceptive sponge is a type of birth

control (contraceptive) that prevents sperm from entering the uterus. It

is soft and disk-shaped, and made of polyurethane foam. The

contraceptive sponge contains spermicide, which blocks or kills sperm.

 Contraceptive Patch- It is a patch that looks just like a shiny plaster

and sticks to the skin, highly effective to prevent you from getting

pregnant by releasing hormones.

 Vaginal Ring- It is a small soft, plastic ring that you place inside your

vagina. It releases a continuous dose of the hormones estrogen and

progestogen into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy.

 Birth Control and Emergency Pills- The Pills are small tablets that you

swallow each day. The hormones in the pills prevent pregnancy by

suppressing the pituitary gland, which stops the development and

release of the egg in the ovary (ovulation) (see female reproductive

 anatomy image below). The progestin also helps to prevent the sperm

from reaching the egg and changes the lining of the uterus.

 Hormonal Medicament- This method contains the hormones estrogen

and progestin, a form of progesterone. When a woman uses the pill, the

eggs in her ovaries do not mature and she does not ovulate. She doesn't

become pregnant because no egg is available to be fertilized by a

sperm.

b. Surgical Method- This method includes tubal ligation for female sterilization

and vasectomy for male sterilization.

 References

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrauterine_device

 https://www.fphandbook.org/basal-body-temperature-bbt-method

 https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/contraception-implantable.html

 https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/contraceptive-sponge/about/pac-

20384547

 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/295727.php

 https://www.medicinenet.com/hormonal_methods_of_birth_control/article.htm#or

al_hormones_the_pill

 https://www.myvmc.com/pregnancy/cervical-mucus-monitoring-methods-of-birth-

control/

 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333519/

 https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/vaginal-ring/

 http://www.pamf.org/teen/sex/birthcontrol/abstinence.html

 https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/fertility-awareness/whats-

calendar-method-fams

 https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/condom/how-effective-are-

condoms

 https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/withdrawal-pull-out-

method

 https://youngwomenshealth.org/2013/07/25/birth-control-pills/

 https://www.your-life.com/en/contraception-methods/short-acting-

contraception/contraceptive-patch/
 Reflection

Family planning is very important. First of all, it helps the married couple to plan

their family. In this way, they will be both ready when the time comes. I also read an article

that family planning and its methods help some women to avoid harm. There are those

women that have crucial pregnancy. Family planning them prevent pregnancy and be

safe.

Among the methods of family planning, I think the most effective one is abstinence.

If you are not yet ready to have children, you better refrain from having sexual intercourse.

If you do not have sex, you won’t be pregnant. Unlike using other methods, abstinence

has no negative effect. Some methods, especially the artificial methods, can cause

serious diseases.

In my opinion, a man and a woman should not marry unless they want to have

children. A family is not just composed of a married man and wife. A family includes

children. So, if you are not yet ready to have children, what is the purpose of marrying?

Two people can continue loving each other without getting married.

But in the context of family planning alone, without considering other factors, I think

that it is important to educate young teens about these matters. They need to know how

to have protected sex. Let’s face it, teenagers nowadays engage in premarital sex. We

cannot stop that. But through family planning, they will be safe and protected. They will

learn how not to get pregnant and how not to acquire sexual diseases.

In conclusion, family planning is good. It helps married couple be ready. If the

couple want to enjoy first the marriage life, then they can choose ways to avoid getting

pregnant. Planning helps them realize their dreams first.