Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
A
Project Report
Submitted
in partial fulfillment
for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of technology
in Department of Mechanical Engineering
Supervisor Submitted By
Arun Beniwal Piyush Garg (15ESKME126)
Assistant Professor Mayank Jain (15ESKME099)
Manoj Bairwa (15WSKME096)
Mohan Devenda (15ESKME105)
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“SOLAR OPERATED AUTOMATIC SEEDS SOWING AND PLOUGHING ROBOT”
A
Project Report
Submitted
in partial fulfillment
for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of technology
in Department of Mechanical Engineering
Supervisor Submitted By
Arun Beniwal Piyush Garg (15ESKME126)
Assistant Professor Mayank Jain (15ESKME099)
Manoj Bairwa (15WSKME096)
Mohan Devenda (15ESKME105)
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “SOLAR OPERATED SEEDS
SOWING AND PLOUGHUING ROBOT” has been submitted by us for
fulfillment of the partial requirement of B.Tech Degree in Mechanical
Engineering.The work contained in this report is carried out by us under the
guidance of Mr. Arun Beniwal, Assistant Professor Department Of Mechanical
Engineering and under the coordination of Mr. Amit Bansal, Associate Professor
Department Of Mechanical Engineering.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Firstly, I take this opportunity to thank our college “Swami Keshvanand Institute of
Technology, Management & Gramothan” for providing all the resources required to
successfully complete our project work.
We would like to express our deep gratitude to Dr. Ramesh Kumar Pachar Principal for
extending his support.
We would also like to express our deep gratitude to Dr. N.C. Bhandari HOD, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, whose guidance and support was truly invaluable.
We are very grateful to our guide, Assistant Professor Arun Beniwal Department of
Mechanical Engineering, for coordinating and guiding us throughout the project from time to
time.
We would also indebted to our Parents and Friends for their continued moral and material
support throughout the course of project and helping us in finalize the presentation.
Our heartful thanks to all those who have contributed bits, bytes and words to accomplish this
Project.
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ABSTRACT
About half of the total population of our country has chosen agriculture as their chief occupation.As centuries
passed, certain modern techniques were invented in agriculture due to the progress in science. These modern
techniques included the use of tractors for ploughing the field, etc.These all are improved the standard of living of
farmers.To improves the efficiency of the crop produced and also to develop a better Mechanical machine to help
the agriculture field which reduces the amount and time of work spent on one crop.
Hence in this work of project we decided to design a better mechanical machine which is available to the
farmers at a cheaper rate and also which can sow and seed the crop at the same time. This project also can be
oprated using cell phone,Bluetooth,to plough small land holdings, typically found in indian agriculture land
scape.The robot come with multiple features such as de-weeding, sowing, Ploughing .The robot is our first step
towards building a complete farmer kit.This idea if implemented on a commercial scale can benefit about 70%
farmers of india and also small gardens which are coming up in cities.
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CONTENTS
Cover Page ………………………………………………. ………………..…….1
Title Page…………………………………………………. ……………….…….2
Certificate ……………………………………………….. ....…………………..3
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………….4
Abstract……………….…………………………………………………….……6
List of Figure………………………………………………………………….….7
List of Table………………………...……………………………………………8
Chapter-1 Introduction….……………………………………………………..9
1.1 Major Challenges Faced By Indian Agriculture…….………….….…10
Chapter-2 Litreture Review…………………………………………………...12
Chapter-3 Design Procedure…………………………………….…………….13
3.1 Need of Seed Sowing Robot……………………………..…………13
3.2 Idea Generation………………………………………………..……13
3.3 How The Idea Is Different From Existing Solution………………………14
3.4 Components of Seed Sowing Robot……………………..……….….14
3.5 Working of Seed Sowing Robot…………………………………….17
3.6 Bill of Material………………………………………………….……20
3.7 Factors That Influence Design………………………….……………20
3.8 Scalability…………………………………………………………….21
3.9 Growth of Market………………………………………..…………...21
Chapter-4 Conclusion……………………………………………..……………22
Chapter-5 Future Scope…………………………………….………….……….23
References………………………………………………………………………..24
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LIST OF FIGURES
7
LIST OF TABLE
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
Agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian economy and it will continue to remain so for a long time.
Agriculture is a branch of applied science. Agriculture is the science and art of farming including cultivating the
soil, producing crops and raising livestock. Over the years, agricultural practices have been carried out by small-
holders cultivating between 2 to 3 hectare, using human labor and traditional tools such as wooden plough, yoke,
leveler, harrow, mallot, spade, big sikle etc. These tools are used in land preparation, for sowing of seeds, weeding
and harvesting.
Modern agricultural techniques and equipments are not used by small land holders because these equipments are
too expensive and difficult to acquire. By adopting scientific farming methods we can get maximum yield and
good quality crops which can save a farmer from going bankrupt but majority of farmers still uses primitive
method of farming techniques due to lack of knowledge or lack of investment for utilizing modern equipment.
Hence in this work of project we decided to design a better mechanical machine which is available to the farmers
at a cheaper rate and also which can sow and seed the crop at the same time. This project also can be oprated using
cell phone,Bluetooth,to plough small land holdings, typically found in indian agriculture landscape.The robot
come with multiple features such as de-weeding, sowing, Ploughing .The robot is our first step towards building a
complete farmer kit.This idea if implemented on a commercial scale can benefit about 70% farmers of india and
also small gardens which are coming up in cities.
Production of some of the major staple food crops like rice and wheat has been stagnating for quite some time.
This is a situation which is worrying our agricultural scientists, planners and policy makers. If this trend continues,
there would be a huge gap between the demand of ever growing population and the production.
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1.2.2 High cost of Farm Inputs:
Over the years rates of farm inputs have increased. Farm inputs include fertilizer, insecticide, pesticides, HYV
seeds, farm labour cost etc. Such an increase puts low and medium land holding farmers at a disadvantage.
Most of the irrigation in dry areas of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh was carried out by excessive use
of ground water. Today fresh ground water situation in these states is alarming. In the coming few years if this type
of farming practice continues, these states are going to face water famine.
You can see the effect of globalization on the farm sector in India. All developing countries have been affected by
it. The most evident effect is the squeeze on farmer‘s income and the threat to the viability of cultivation in India.
This is due to the rising input costs and falling output prices. This reflects the combination of reduced subsidy and
protection to farmers.
Every suicide has a multiple of causes but when you have nearly 200,000 of them, it makes sense to seek broad
common factors within that group. The suicides appear concentrated in regions of high commercialization of
agriculture and very high peasant debt. Cash crop farmers seemed far more vulnerable to suicide than those
growing food crops. Yet the basic underlying causes of the crisis remained untouched. Commercialization of the
countryside along with massive decline in investment in agriculture was the beginning of the decline. Withdrawal
of bank credit at a time of soaring input prices and the crash in farm incomes compounded the problems. Shifting
of millions from food crop to cash crop cultivation had its own risks. Privatization of many resources has also
compounded the problems. The devastation lies in the big 5 States of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. These states accounted for two-thirds of all farm suicides during 2003-08.Some
of the major factors responsible are indebtedness, crop failure and deterioration in economic status. Decline in
social position, exorbitant charges by local money lenders for the vulnerable farmers, chronic illness in the family,
addiction etc. have made life of farmers difficult.
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Chapter 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Gaganpreet Kaur at all [1], according to this litreture review minimizing man power as well
as cost of the equipment in agriculture. It is used in agriculture field for increasing yield of
crops. Flexibility of automation system is high than traditional system. In this work a robot is
built and established to carry out automatic and manual seeding, de-weeding, Fertilization in
an agriculture field. The functioning of the robot is performed by renewable energy like solar
energy. It is expected that the robot will support the farmers in improving the efficiency of
operations in their farms.
Prof. Pranil V.Sawalakhe [2] in this paper Solar powered seed sowing Machine
according to this review paper. The ability and function of the Multi purpose agriculture
robot have been extended on large scale and there are many indefinite problem associated
with it. After comparing different seed sowing mechanism it can be concluded that the solar
powered seed sowing machine can be advanced for sowing seeds in firm with particular
distance between seed is adjusted. It can be made automatic additive of multi hopper can be
attached side by side for sawing of layer farm, Planting distance and plant population are
crucial factors in maximizing the yields of crops.
Abdulrahman, Mangesh Koli at all [3] in this paper multipurpose agricultural equipment can
be used for tilling, fertilizing, sowing, leveling and also used for weed removal purposes. All
the parts are connected in such a way that in every stage of agriculture the equipment can be
rearranged or easily assembled with fasteners to required length and specifications of field
operation. The whole idea of multipurpose equipment is a new concept, patentable and can be
successfully implement in real life situations.
Abdulrahman at all [4] in this paper The main focus of this system is its Automatic way of
sowing the seeds. The seeds are been sowed in a proper sequence which results in
proper germination of seeds. Here the wastage of seeds is also been reduced to a greater
extent. With the help of a robot the seeds are been dispensed in the soil in a proper sequence
hereby reducing the wastage of seeds The planting process of the onion crop only has
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been implemented by using this Seed Sowing robot autonomously. The robot can be
designed with chain roller instead of normal wheel.
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CHAPTER 3
DESIGN PROCEDURE
By using this robot, a single seed can be placed in the desired spacing, so that the
wastage of the seeds will be reduced. Suitable for all types of seed to seed forming. Low
cost, it‘s the lowest priced multipurpose agricultural equipment ever built. Multitasking,
Both sowing and fertilizing is done simultaneously. The main focus of this system is its
Automatic way of sowing the seeds. Practically our multipurpose agricultural
equipment can be used for tilling, fertilizing, sowing, leveling and also used for weed
removal purposes. All the parts are connected in such a way that in every stage of
agriculture the equipment can be rearranged or easily assembled with fasteners to
required length and specifications of field operation. The whole idea of multipurpose
equipment is a new concept, patent-able and can be successfully implement in real life
situations. The functioning of the robot is performed by renewable energy like solar
energy.
The main focus of this system is its Automatic way of sowing the seeds. Practically
our multipurpose agricultural equipment can be used for tilling, fertilizing, sowing,
levelling.
wastage of the seeds will be reduced. Suitable for all types of seed to seed forming.
Low cost, it‘s the lowest priced multipurpose agricultural equipment ever built.
About half of the total population of our country has chosen agriculture as their chief
occupation.As centuries passed, certain modern techniques were invented in agriculture due
to the progress in science. These modern techniques included the use of tractors for
ploughing the field, etc.To improves the efficiency of the crop produced and also to develop a
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better Mechanical machine to help the agriculture field which reduces the amount and time of
work spent on one crop.
Hence in this work of project we decided to design a better mechanical machine which is
available to the farmers at a cheaper rate and also which can sow and seed the crop at the
same time. This project also can be operated using cell phone, Bluetooth to plough small land
holdings, typically found in indian agriculture landscape.The robot come with multiple
features such as de-weeding, collection dry leaves,and cutting grass.
At this stage we can convert this machine in fully automated by provided best possible
mechanism, linkages, sensors and Software. Innovative seed sowing equipment has grade
influence on agriculture by this we can save more time for sowing and It can be made
automatic additive of multi hopper can be attached side by side for sawing of layer farm,
Planting distance and plant population are crucial factors in maximizing the yields of crops.
3.3.3 Frame
The frame is made by welding Cast Iron rectangular pipes. Electric arc welding technique
is used for all the manufacturing of frame.
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Table 3.1
Specification:
1 Material : Cast Iron
25.4mm x 25.4mm
Table 3.2
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3.4 DRAWING
3.5 WORKING
When power supply is given to the Dc motor through solar panel it starts rotating at a finite
speed. It also tends the shafts and the gears to rotate at that finite speed as well. The another
Dc motor motor which is connected with the transport wheels is for the moving purpose of
the project. The furrow opener is attached with the shafts and the seed container. It is used to
make furrow far making space for the seeds to plant. As the furrow opener digs the soil for
making space for the seeds, simultaneously seeds go down through the seeds container into
the lane made by the furrow opener. The furrow opener is attached with the circuitry of the
shafts and gears. It works according the movement of the gears and the shafts.
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Fig. 3.3 Working Of Seeds And Sowing Robot
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3.6 BILL OF MATERIALS
6. Battery 12 V 1000
8. Others 10000
Precision farming
Fool proofing
Portability of the equipment: our equipment is completely flexible for easy assembly and
disassembly.
Low cost
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3.8 Scalability
Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. About half of the total population of our
country has chosen agriculture as their chief occupation. The states like Maharashtra, Punjab,
and Kerala, Assam are highly involved in agriculture. As centuries passed, certain modern
techniques were invented in agriculture due to the progress in science. These modern
techniques included the use of tractors for ploughing the field, production of pesticides,
invention of tube-wells etc. Since water is the main necessity in this scenario, techniques
were discovered which would help in watering the field easily, consume less water and
reduce human effort.
Hence in this work of project we decided to design a better mechanical machine which is
available to the farmers at a cheaper rate and also which can sow and seed the crop at the
same time. This project consists of the better design of the machine which can be used
specifically for sowing of soybean, maize, pigeon pea, Bengal gram, groundnut etc.
We are having a large potential in the Indian market because we know that About half of the
total population of our country has chosen agriculture as their chief occupation.Suppose we
become succeed to decrease in the time frame of farming and reduce the human effort. so
automatically sales of framers corps will be increased so automatically our sales will be
higher.
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CHAPTER 4
CONCLUSION
The main focus of this system is its Automatic way of sowing the seeds. The seeds are been
sowed in a proper sequence which results in proper germination of seeds. This automatic way
of sowing seeds using a robot reduces the labour requirement. Here the wastage of seeds is
also been reduced to a greater extent. Here with the help of a robot the seeds are been
dispensed in the soil in a proper sequence here by reducing the wastage of seeds. This robot
will help the farmers to do the farming process efficiently.
Thus the design and fabrication of seed sowing machine, which reduce the man power, which
is used for ploughing, dribbling, seed sowing. This process the seed sowed in proper depth. It
is cost competitive. It is portable in size and can be easily transportable. It is simple in
construction. It is easy to maintenance. It can be used small agriculture land.
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CHAPTER 5
FUTURE SCOPE
Addition of multi-hopper can be attached side by side for sowing of large farm.
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REFERENCES
[1] Prof. Pranil V.Sawalakhe, “Solar powered seed sowing Machine” presented in
Global Journal of Advanced Research.
[2] Ms. Gaganpreet Kaur, Anushka Upadhyay, Akash Srivastava, Abhishek Yagnik,
Abhishek Bhardwaj Solar Powered Seeding and Ploughing Robot-A Review -
IJRAER.2017
[3] Abdulrahman, Mangesh Koli, Umesh Kori, Ahmadakbar Department of
MECHANICAL and Engineering Theem College of Engineering Seed Sowing Robot
International Journal of MECHANICAL Trends and Technology (IJMET) – Volume 5
Issue 2, Mar – Apr 2017.
[4] Nitin P. V., Shivprakash,"Multipurpose Agricultural Robot", International Journal Of
Engineering Research Vol.5, Issue, 06, PP:1129-1254, 20 May 2016.
[5] Divya C. H. Ramakrishna, H. and Praveena Gowda, Seeding and Fertilization using
an Automated Robot International Journal of Current Research Vol.5, Issue, 03, pp.461-
466, March, 2013.
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