Measuring ‘Learning-outcomes’ based on IoET

Dr.S.SANTHI
Asst. Prof, Department of Computer Science,
Puratchi Thalaivar Dr.MGR Govt. Arts and Science College, Utthiramerur, Kanchipuram District,
TamilNadu
ABSTRACT
The exam statistics are crucial for instructors to better assess the exam metrics, e.g.,
exam duration. However, one statistic, time spent on each question by each student, is not
available or difficult to obtain by human observation. The advent of IoET (Internet of
Educational Things) as amplifier of traditional ICT (Information and Communication
Technologies) has been recognized and is expected to greatly contribute to addressing this
challenge. In this context, This paper focuses on measuring ‘learning-outcomes’ of ICT
learning mode and the way it brings learner, ICT and Internet of Educational Things to enrich
the “teaching-learning” process. This proposed smart exam system that obtains time spent on
each question by each student and sends data to a web application for further processing by
using an Internet-of-Educational Thing (IoET) based technology. The information obtained
by the proposed system can even be used to diagnose students with learning difficulties or
disabilities, like dyslexia.

Keywords - Internet of Educational Things; ICT; learning-outcomes

1. Introduction
In recent times the higher-education quality is the talk of the society. Some of them
are from the officials of the UGC, AICTE and the ministry of HR. the following are the
evidence of the same. “Updating the curriculum, change in archaic regulations governing
educational institutes, overhauling the examination system, upgrading pedagogy and focus on
research are some of the reforms that need to be undertaken to improve higher education in
the country and bring it at par with global universities”, said panelists at the recently held
Vice Chancellor Conference organized by The Times of India1, in New Delhi.

Raj Singh, vice chancellor, Ansal University said that the evaluation system in the
country is compliance and conformity-based, which is not sufficient measure of learning.
While in foreign institutions, pass percentage is high they follow learning based outcome to
measure the progress, he added. One of UGC’s quality initiatives is development and
regular revision of the curriculum on ‘Learning Outcomes-based Curriculum Framework’ *2
by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs).

1.https://canvast.co.in/e-news/2018/09/17/upgrading-curriculum-a-priority-to-improve-
higher-education/
2 http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2018/jun/09/ugc-seeks-ideas-to-
reform-exam-system-in-tamil-nadu-1825740.html
 The above statements are agreed by all the stakeholders of the higher education,
especially by the students and industries. To support the same, this proposal will be very
much useful to the learning community and also the teaching community to measure and
improve the quality of learning out-comes.

2. Related works
Several contributions have been made in the study. A. Xheladini er al.[1] proposed a IoT
based smart exam system to support the teaching-learning community and for the mentoring
process. P. Pruet et al. [2] Proposed a sensor-based Internet of Educational Things (IoET)
platform named Observation Learning System (OBSY was iteratively designed, developed
and evaluated to support education in rural regions in Thailand. , they proved that students in
the IoET group who had used OBSY to learn showed significantly higher learning outcome
and had better learning engagement than those in the control condition. In addition, for those
in the IoET group, there was no significant effect regarding gender, home location (Urban or
Rural), age, prior experience with technology and ethnicity on learning outcome. Butun,
Ismail[3] came with a solution to meet the challenges of IoT , “security”. To make trust
relations internet of things are built as a multi-dimensional relation. M. Balboa [4] has given
the information to Read and write different types of Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID)
cards on your Arduino using a RC522 based reader connected via the Serial Peripheral
Interface (SPI) interface. Partha Pratim Ray [5] proposed a architectural framework-
IoTNetWar, juxtaposing Internet of Things and Network Centric Warfare together.
IoTNetWar presents integrity between weapons, military personnel, and overall warfare on
the conjugation of sensors, gateways, internet, and cloud based services. M. M. Raikar et al.
[6] observed an Outcome based evaluation to assess the group activity. The results indicate
that the activity based learning addresses graduate attributes of UG program, such as
Design/Development of solutions, Modern tool usage, Engineer and society and Life-long
learning. J. P. Talusan et al.[7] designed , Near Cloud, a cloud-less platform that allows users
and IoT devices to communicate and share information. To inject ICT and help bridge the
digital divide in rural areas, Near Cloud provides functionalities such as web servers on
nodes, accessibility to all users via Wi-Fi. Mohamed Fahim et al. [8] used Virtual Reality
(VR) and IoT to enhance learning by providing learners with an educational space where
they can perform some practical activities The evaluation results show that the manipulation
and coupling of real objects with virtual 3D objects increases in a striking way the learning
outcomes of learners, as this allows them to feel linked to the real context.

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3. Methodology

In IoET, environment gadgets are equipped with smart sensors for collecting data and
exchanging it over a network. Thus, the system operates on three levels:

Figure 1 Levels of an IoET system

Hardware: This includes various objects that are enhanced with embedded systems and
smart sensors.
Infrastructure: This includes a piece of software that receives, analyzes, and stores sensor
data. This piece of software also runs in the cloud or on a corporate server.
Apps: This includes applications for Smart phones, tablets, and PCs that connect hardware to
the infrastructure and enable users to manage smart gadgets.
Some more additional taxonomy is obtainable for characterization of IoET components, such
as:-
Data acquisition: The data acquisition with respect to IoET represents a necessity to collect
data from different types of objects/devices and share them with multiple devices and IoET
applications It is facilitated in several technologies that consist of Radio-Frequency
Identification (RFID).
Communication: The short-range communication-based technologies facilitate useful
information sharing in a different category of heterogeneous devices within the IoET
environment.
Computation: In IoET computation different hardware based components and platforms are
used such as raspberry, Panstamp, Arduino, TinyOS, RiotOS, LiteOS and vital software
platforms.

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Services - The IoET services are simply categorized in four main sections such as:
Services relevant to identity (either Active or Passive) , Services relevant to information
aggregation, Services relevant to collaborative-aware and Services relevant to ubiquitous
devices.
Visualization The visualizations are vital components of IoET-based applications which
allow user interaction with the environment. The visualizations provide interaction between
IoET objects, the user and a suitable environment.
The following figure explains work flow of the system

Figure 2 work flow of the system

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4. Results and Conclusion

Several contributions have been made in the study. In this paper, the design and
development of a sensor based IoET system have provided an example of how such a system
could be embedded as part of a blended learning activity for the learning community. the
IoET device was built based on an existing learning platform that had been widely used in
our country. The results from the evaluation in this study adds to our existing repertoire of
knowledge, showing how the IoET be used, in the future.

This system is interested in examining how this technology could be used to provide
authentic examining experiences to help in teaching more advance concepts in other domains.
In addition, it would be interesting to examine whether such technology could be valuable
when used outside a structured classroom learning context, particularly, in local communities
to allow students to acquire relevant experiences in

This system will achieve the following objectives.

 To examine how factors related to the characteristic of the students could influence
learning outcomes for students using an IoT-based learning platform.

 To examine student preferences for future usage scenarios as well as desired

functionalities of a sensor-based IoET learning platform.
 To investigate whether an IoET-based learning platform could help improve learning
outcome

This may lead to achieve following sub-objectives such as,

o To identify the students individual learning capacity in understanding the

concepts.
o To increase the quality of the learning-outcomes.
o to apply the effective mentoring process
o To channelize the student community towards their goal
o To bridge between the “industry expectation from students ” and “out
coming students from the educational institution”

References:

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1. A. Xheladini, S. Deniz Saygili and F. Dikbiyik, "An IoT-based smart exam
application," IEEE EUROCON 2017 -17th International Conference on Smart
Technologies, Ohrid, 2017, pp. 513-518. doi: 10.1109/EUROCON.2017.8011164.

2. Putjorn P, Siriaraya P, Deravi F, Ang CS (2018) Investigating the use of sensor-based

IoET to facilitate learning for children in rural Thailand. PLoS ONE 13(8): e0201875.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201875.

3. Butun Ismail, "Privacy and trust relations in Internet of Things from the user point of
view", Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC) 2017 IEEE
7th Annual, 2017.

4. M. Balboa, Arduino rfid library for mfrc522, 12 2016, [online] Available:

https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid.

5. Partha Pratim Ray, "Towards internet of things based society", Signal Processing
Communication Power and Embedded System (SCOPES) 2016 International Conference
on, pp. 345-352, 2016.
6. M. M. Raikar, P. Desai and J. G. Naragund, "Active Learning Explored in Open Elective
Course: Internet of Things (IoT)," 2016 IEEE Eighth International Conference on
Technology for Education (T4E), Mumbai, 2016, pp. 15-18.
doi: 10.1109/T4E.2016.012

7. J. P. Talusan, Y. Nakamura, T. Mizumoto and K. Yasumoto, "Near Cloud: Low-cost Low-

Power Cloud Implementation for Rural Area Connectivity and Data Processing," 2018
IEEE 42nd Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC),
Tokyo, Japan, 2018,pp.622-627. doi:10.1109/COMPSAC.2018.10307

8. Mohamed Fahim, Brahim Ouchao, Abdeslam Jakimi, Lahcen El Bermi, "Application of a

Non-Immersive VR IoT Based Approach to Help Moroccan Students Carry Out Practical
Activities in a Personal Learning Style", Future Internet, vol. 11, pp. 11, 2019.