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Private International Law B


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INTRODUCTORY SURVEY OF THE COURSE


Fundamental Idea of Private International Law
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“The relationship between PrIL and PIL”


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Statutes and Private International Law


Foreign Statute
• $@?F0=-%-2%=24/.108,-.24%25%528@3%A@?;.=%A2;.=C:%,%9*"'#7)(1&%&-&'%G2-+08%-+,4%,%A82=01@8,;%
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,AA;.=,?;0%/@?/-,4-.B0%;,>%.4%,==281,4=0%>.-+%-+0%80;0B,4-%528@3%=+2.=0%25%;,>%8@;0HE%
o [+0%#"@(10!3%./%@/01%-2%10-083.40%-+0%=+2.=0%25%;,>%8@;0:%>+.=+%./%,%k/.D4mA2/-^%1.80=-.4D%
@/%-2%-+0%80;0B,4-%5280.D4%/-,-@-0E%
%
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;0D,;%/C/-03%D2B084.4D%-+0%,D800304-6%[+0%a%A82B.101%-+,-%-+0%3240C%?0%80A,.1%?C%
.4/-,;304-/%25%A8.4=.A,;%,41%.4-080/-%?C%*U'(:%,;/2%-2%?0%80A,.1%.4%n%,41%.4%I4D;,41E%94%*U&&%,%
328,-28.@3%;,>%>,/%04,=-01%.4%=.8=@3/-,4=0/%>+080%D80,-%10,;%25%/-80//%24%d083,4%D2B-:%
;.--;0%5280.D4%=@8804=C%,B,.;,?;0%-2%/08B.=0%10?-E%[+0%;,>%,/%,AA;.=,?;0%d083,4%?2882>08/P%
o Y0?-%42%;24D08%-2%?0%80A,.1%-2%5280.D4%=801.-28:%?@-%-2%-+0%d083,4%D2B-%,D04=C%
o Y0?-%-2%?0%80A,.1%-2%d083,4%D2B-%,D04=C%-2%,4%,==2@4-%25%-+0%=801.-28:%A,C304-%
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1./=+,8D01%M%,==281.4D%-2%?2882>08%>2@;1%500;%8.D+-%42-%-2%+,B0%-2%A,C%->.=0E%%
• K2882>08%A,.1%1@8.4D%>,8E%S#%/00/%42-+.4D%25%n*)'___:%,5-08%-+0%/0=241%>28;1%>,8%./%+0%
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A08%Y./-8.?@-.24%25%d083,4%I403C%782A08-C%"=-%*U'UE%
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,"%*/!"*(01(10!"3)&("@87%&)"(80&'!0#(%&5(9+(%#'"!3&)('7"($%#/"(01(3'*(8/!!"&8+:(W11"8'(,/*'(9"()3$"&('0(
'70*"(,"%*/!"*(47"!"('7"(#%4(01('7"(10!"3)&(V'%'"(3*('7"(2!02"!(#%4X;(
F'+;( [+0%A82A08%;,>%D2B084/%-+0%A085283,4=0:%B,8.,-.24%,41%1./=+,8D0%25%,%=24-8,=-E%#+080%,%
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Forum Statute
• "%9*"-8(1&%&-&':%0RA80//01%.4%D0408,;%>281/:%0EDE%e0B08C%328-D,D0g%GQ%!8"#0H%28%e,4%
2?;.D,-.24%-2%A,C%.4-080/-g%GS%&)%&/3Y.%&)3'3Z"3H%>.;;%?0%=24/-8@01%A8.3,%5,=.0%,/%+,B.4D%,%
/=2A0%25%2A08,-.24%=24/./-04-%>.-+%-+0%=23324%;,>%8@;0/%25%789!E%%
o S2>0B08:%,/%,%3,--08%25%A8.4=.A;0:%,%528@3%/-,-@-0%0RA80//01%.4%=;0,8%,41%
@4,3?.D@2@/%;,4D@,D0%3,C%2B088.10%-+0%=23324%;,>%8@;0/%25%789!%0EDE%\,88.,D0%
"=-%*UX*%GL-+H%/%W&"E%

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