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PYLORIC STENOSIS

Pyloric stenosis is an uncommon condition in infants that blocks food from entering the
small intestine.

Normally, a muscular valve (pylorus) between the stomach and small intestine holds
food in the stomach until it is ready for the next stage in the digestive process. In pyloric
stenosis, the pylorus muscles thicken and become abnormally large, blocking food from
reaching the small intestine.

Pyloric stenosis can lead to forceful vomiting, dehydration and weight loss. Babies with
pyloric stenosis may seem to be hungry all the time.

· Hypertrophy (thickening) of the pyloric sphincter causing stenosis and obstruction


· 5 in 1000 births
· Cause unknown; possibly familial
Assessment Findings
· Olive-size mass in Right Upper Quadrant
· · Peristaltic waves during & after feedings
· Vomiting
· · As obstruction increases, vomiting becomes more forceful and projectile
· Hungry after vomiting
· Dehydration
Diagnostics
· Upper GI endoscopy
· Pyloric ultrasound
· Electrolyte imbalance
Interventions
· Replacement of fluid and electrolytes
· NPO
· Surgery: Pylorotomy
· Clear liquids post-operatively; then advance to solid diet.
· Nurse with Head of bed elevated to minimize gastric reflux.

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