Sie sind auf Seite 1von 346

LTE Air Interface

www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.


Contents
1. The Air interface

2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles

3. Dynamic Resource Allocation

4. Intra LTE Mobility

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
Contents
1. The Air interface

2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles

3. Dynamic Resource Allocation

4. Intra LTE Mobility

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page4
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page5
Evolution of Cellular Networks

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page6
First Generation Mobile Systems
 AMPS (Advanced Mobile Telephone System)

 TACS (Total Access Communications System)

 ETACS (Extended Total Access Communications System)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page7
Second Generation Mobile Systems

Other

cdmaOne D-AMPS
(IS-95) (IS-136)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page8
2.5G and 2.75G GSM/GPRS
Systems

System Service Theoretical Data Typical Data Rate


Rate
2G GSM Circuit Switched 9.6kbit/s or 9.6kbit/s or
Data Service 14.4kbit/s 14.4kbit/s
2.5G GPRS Packet Switched 171.2kbit/s 4kbit/s to 50kbit/s
Data
2.75G EDGE Packet Switched 473.6kbit/s 120kbit/s
Data

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page9
Third Generation Mobile Systems

UMTS
WCDMA

UMTS
CDMA2000
TD-CDMA

TD-SCDMA

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page10
Fourth Generation Mobile Systems
Key IMT Advanced Features
A high degree of commonality of functionality worldwide while retaining the flexibility to
support a wide range of services and applications in a cost efficient manner.
Compatibility of services within IMT and with fixed networks.
Capability of interworking with other radio access systems.
High quality mobile services.
User equipment suitable for worldwide use.
User-friendly applications, services and equipment.
Worldwide roaming capability.
Enhanced peak data rates to support advanced services and applications (100Mbit/s for high
and 1Gbit/s for low mobility were identified as targets).

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page11
Fourth Generation Mobile Systems

LTE
Advanced

WiMAX
802.16m

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page12
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page13
3GPP Releases
Release 6

HSUPA
5.76Mbit/s

HSPA+
GSM HSDPA
28.8Mbit/s
9.6kbit/s 14.4Mbit/s
42Mbit/s
Phase 1 Release 5 Release 7/8

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page14
Release 5 - HSDPA

HSDPA
Adaptive Modulation
Flexible Coding
Fast Scheduling (2ms)
HARQ

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page15
Release 6 - HSUPA

HSUPA
Flexible Coding
Fast Power Scheduling
HARQ

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page16
Release 7 - HSPA+

HSPA+
64 QAM (DL)
16 QAM (UL)
MIMO Operation (DL)
Power Enhancements (DL)
Less Overhead (DL)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page17
Release 8 - HSPA+ and LTE
HSPA+
64 QAM + MIMO (DL)
Dual Cell Operation
Less Overhead (UL)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page18
Release 9 and Beyond

LTE LTE LTE Advanced


Release 8 Release 9 Release 10

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page19
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page20
Radio Interface Techniques

OFDMA

TDMA CDMA

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page21
Frequency Division Multiple Access

Power Time

Frequency

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page22
Time Division Multiple Access

Time
Power

Frequency

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page23
Code Division Multiple Access

Time
Power

Frequency

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page24
Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiple Access

Time
Power

Frequency

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page25
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page26
Transmission Modes
Frequency Division Duplex

Channel Channel
Bandwidth Bandwidth

Frequency
Uplink Downlink

Duplex Spacing

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page27
Transmission Modes
Time Division Duplex

Asymmetric
Allocation

Downlink Uplink Downlink Uplink


Time
TDD Frame TDD Frame

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page28
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page29
GSM Bands
Operating Band Frequency Uplink Frequency Downlink
Band (MHz) Frequency (MHz)
GSM 400 450 450.4 - 457.6 460.4 - 467.6
GSM 400 480 478.8 - 486.0 488.8 - 496.0
GSM 850 850 824.0 - 849.0 869.0 - 894.0
GSM 900 (P-GSM) 900 890.0 - 915.0 935.0 - 960.0
GSM 900 (E-GSM) 900 880.0 - 915.0 925.0 - 960.0
GSM-R (R-GSM) 900 876.0 - 880.0 921.0 - 925.0
DCS 1800 1800 1710.0 - 1785.0 1805.0 - 1880.0
PCS 1900 1900 1850.0 - 1910.0 1930.0 - 1990.0

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page30
UMTS Bands
Operating Band Frequency Uplink Frequency Downlink
Band (MHz) Frequency (MHz)

I 2100 1920 - 1980 2110 - 2170


II 1900 1850 - 1910 1930 - 1990
III 1800 1710 - 1785 1805 - 1880
IV 1700 1710 - 1755 2110 - 2155
V 850 824 - 849 869 - 894
VI 800 830 - 840 875 - 885
VII 2600 2500 - 2570 2620 - 2690
VIII 900 880 - 915 925 - 960
IX 1700 1749.9 - 1784.9 1844.9 - 1879.9
X 1700 1710 - 1770 2110 - 2170
XI 1500 1427.9 - 1452.9 1475.9 - 1500.9
XII 700 698 - 716 728 - 746
XIII 700 777 - 787 746 - 756
XIV 700 788 - 798 758 - 768

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page31
UMTS TDD Frequency Bands

Frequency Band
1900 - 1920
2010 - 2025
1850 - 1910
1930 - 1990
1910 - 1930
2570 - 2620

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page32
Existing GSM Deployments

United States,
Europe, Middle Canada, and
East, Africa, many other
and most of countries in the
Asia/Pacific. Americas.

GSM 900 GSM 850


GSM 1800 GSM 1900

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page33
Key UMTS Deployment Bands

Band I Band IV
(WCDMA (WCDMA
2100) 1700)

Band V Band VIII


(WCDMA (WCDMA
850) 900)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page34
LTE Release 8 Bands
Band Duplex FDL_low FDL_high NOffs-DL NDL FUL_low FUL_high NOffs-UL NUL

(MHz) (MHz) (MHz) (MHz)


1 FDD 2110 2170 0 0-599 1920 1980 18000 18000-18599
2 FDD 1930 1990 600 600-1199 1850 1910 18600 18600-19199
3 FDD 1805 1880 1200 1200-1949 1710 1785 19200 19200-19949
4 FDD 2110 2155 1950 1950-2399 1710 1755 19950 19950-20399
5 FDD 869 894 2400 2400-2649 824 849 20400 20400-20649
6 FDD 875 885 2650 2650-2749 830 840 20650 20650-20749
7 FDD 2620 2690 2750 2750-3449 2500 2570 20750 20750-21449
8 FDD 925 960 3450 3450-3799 880 915 21450 21450-21799
9 FDD 1844.9 1879.9 3800 3800-4149 1749.9 1784.9 21800 21800-22149
10 FDD 2110 2170 4150 4150-4749 1710 1770 22150 22150-22749
11 FDD 1475.9 1500.9 4750 4750-4999 1427.9 1452.9 22750 22750-22999
12 FDD 728 746 5000 5000-5179 698 716 23000 23000-23179
13 FDD 746 756 5180 5180-5279 777 787 23180 23180-23279
14 FDD 758 768 5280 5280-5379 788 798 23280 23280-23379

17 FDD 734 746 5730 5730-5849 704 716 23730 23730-23849

33 TDD 1900 1920 36000 36000-36199 1900 1920 36000 36000-36199


34 TDD 2010 2025 36200 36200-36349 2010 2025 36200 36200-36349
35 TDD 1850 1910 36350 36350-36949 1850 1910 36350 36350-36949
36 TDD 1930 1990 36950 36950-37549 1930 1990 36950 36950-37549
37 TDD 1910 1930 37550 37550-37749 1910 1930 37550 37550-37749
38 TDD 2570 2620 37750 37750-38249 2570 2620 37750 37750-38249
39 TDD 1880 1920 38250 38250-38649 1880 1920 38250 38250-38649
40 TDD 2300 2400 38650 38650-39649 2300 2400 38650 38650-39649

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page35
Carrier Frequency EARFCN
Calculation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page36
Example
100kHz Raster
Uplink Downlink

Frequency
1937.4MHz 2127.4MHz

FDL = FDL_low + 0.1(NDL - NOffs-DL)

(FDL - FDL_low)
NDL = + NOffs-DL
0.1
(2127.4 - 2110)
NDL = + 0 = 174
0.1

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page37
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page38
LTE Transport Channel Processing
Transport Block MAC Layer
PHY Layer
Transport Block CRC Attachment

Code Block CRC Attachment and


Segmentation

Channel Coding

Rate Matching

Code Block Concatenation

Additional Layer 1 Processes

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page39
Transport Block CRC

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page40
CRC Parity Bits

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page41
Code Block Segmentation and CRC
Attachment

Filler Bits Code Block CRC

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page42
Example

8000bits

24bit Code 24bit Code


Block CRC Block CRC
3800bits 4200bits
3840bits 4224bits
16 Filler Bits

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page43
Channel Coding
Transport Channel Coding Options

Transport Channel Coding Method Rate


DL-SCH
UL-SCH
Turbo Coding 1/3
PCH
MCH
BCH Tail Biting Convolutional Coding 1/3

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page44
Channel Coding
Control Information Coding Options

Control Information Coding Method Rate


DCI Tail Biting Convolutional Coding 1/3
CFI Block Code 1/16
HI Repetition Code 1/3
UCI Block Code Variable
Tail Biting Convolutional Coding 1/3

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page45
Repetition Coding

ACK

Repetition
Coding

1 1 1

Orthogonal sequences

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page46
Block Coding

CFI CFI Codeword < b0, b1, …, b31 >


1 <0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1>
2 <1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0>
3 <1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1>
4 (Reserved) <0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0>

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page47
Convolutional Encoding
½ Rate Convolutional Encoder

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page48
Convolutional Coding Example

Input S1 S2 G0 G1
0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0 1

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page49
Convolutional Coding Trellis
Output
Current
Next State
State
00
Input 0 00 00
Input 1 11 11

10 10
00
10
01 01

01 01
11 11
10

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page50
Viterbi Decoding
Input
0 1 1 0
Sequence Indicate possible
Transmitted number of bits in
00 11 01 01
/Received error.
0 2 1 1
00 00 00 00 00
2 0 1 1

10 10 10 1 10 1 10
1 1
1
2 2
01 01 1 01 01 01
0 0 0 0
11 11 11 2 11 2 11

Input 0 Input 1

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page51
Coding Comparison Chart

Standard Convolutional Coding Tail Biting Convolutional Coding

Initializes the shift register with zeros. Initializes the shift register with the last bits
of the stream, i.e. zeros are not added for
initialization.

Padded with zeros. The shift register finishes, such that the last
bits of input are the same as what was used
to initialize the shift registers.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page52
Initializing Tail Biting Convolutional
Encoding

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page53
LTE 1/3 Rate Tail Biting
Convolutional Coding

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page54
LTE Turbo Coding

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page55
Rate Matching

vk(0)

vk(1)

vk(2)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page56
LTE Sub-block Interleaver

Number of Columns Inter-column Permutation Pattern


32 < 0, 16, 8, 24, 4, 20, 12, 28, 2, 18, 10, 26, 6,
22, 14, 30, 1, 17, 9, 25, 5, 21, 13, 29, 3, 19,
11, 27, 7, 23, 15, 31 >

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page57
Code Block Concatenation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page58
Contents
1. The Air Interface
1.1 Evolution of Cellular Networks

1.2 3GPP Releases

1.3 Radio Interface Techniques

1.4 Transmission Modes

1.5 Spectrum Usage

1.6 Channel Coding in LTE

1.7 Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page59
Principles of OFDM

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page60
Frequency Division Multiplexing

Guard Band Subcarrier

Frequency

Channel
Bandwidth

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page61
OFDM Subcarriers

Orthogonal
Subcarriers

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page62
Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

Inverse Fast
Fourier
Transform

IFFT

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page63
Fast Fourier Transform
Subcarrier
Demodulation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page64
LTE Channel and FFT Sizes
Channel FFT Size Subcarrier Sampling Rate
Bandwidth Bandwidth

1.4MHz 128 1.92MHz

3MHz 256 3.84MHz

5MHz 512 7.68MHz


15kHz
10MHz 1024 15.36MHz

15MHz 1536 23.04MHz

20MHz 2048 30.72MHz

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page65
OFDM Symbol Mapping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page66
OFDM
Peak to Average Power Ratio
PAPR (Peak to Average
Power Ratio) Issue
Peak

Average

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page67
Time Domain Interference
Energy

Delay Spread

Time

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page68
Inter Symbol Interference

Delayed
Signal

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page69
Cyclic Prefix

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page70
Questions
 Which release of the 3GPP specifications includes the initial
release of LTE?
a. Release 6.

b. Release 7.

c. Release 8.

a. Release 9.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page71
Questions
 What is the general name given to Frequency band IV in North
America?

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page72
Questions
 What is the maximum size that a Turbo coder can handle in LTE?
a. 1024bits.

b. 2048bits.

c. 5512bits.

d. 6144bits.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page73
Questions
 Name the four main types of channel coding (FEC methods)
used in LTE.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page74
Contents
1. The Air interface

2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles

3. Dynamic Resource Allocation

4. Intra LTE Mobility

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page75
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page76
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page77
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page78
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page79
Uu Interface

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page80
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page81
LTE Control Plane and User Plane
NAS Control
Plane

RRC
Control
Plane

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page82
E-UTRA Protocols

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page83
NAS Signaling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page84
NAS EMM and ESM Procedures
EMM Procedures ESM Procedures
Attach Default EPS Bearer Context Activation
Detach Dedicated EPS Bearer Context Activation
Tracking Area Update EPS Bearer Context Modification
Service Request EPS Bearer Context Deactivation
Extended Service Request UE Requested PDN Connectivity
GUTI Reallocation UE Requested PDN Disconnect
Authentication UE Requested Bearer Resource Allocation
Identification UE Requested Bearer Resource Modification
Security Mode Control ESM Information Request
EMM Status ESM Status
EMM Information
NAS Transport
Paging

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page85
Radio Resource Control

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page86
Packet Data Convergence Protocol

Control Plane
Encryption NAS Signaling
Integrity Checking
RRC
User Plane
PDCP
IP Header Compression
Encryption RLC
Sequencing and Duplicate Detection
MAC
PHY
eNB

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page87
Radio Link Control

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page88
Medium Access Control

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page89
Physical Layer

Error Detection
FEC Encoding/Decoding NAS Signaling
Rate Matching
Mapping of Physical Channels RRC
Power Weighting PDCP
Modulation and Demodulation
Frequency and Time Synchronization RLC
Radio Measurements
MIMO Processing MAC
Transmit Diversity PHY
Beamforming eNB
RF Processing

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page90
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page91
LTE Channels

Logical Transport Physical Radio


Channels Channels Channels Channels

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page92
Logical Channels

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page93
Control Logical Channels

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page94
CCCH and DCCH Signaling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page95
Traffic Logical Channels

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page96
LTE Release 8 Transport Channels

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page97
Downlink Physical Channels
 PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel)

 PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel)

 PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)

 PHICH (Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel)

 PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page98
Uplink Physical Channels
 PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel)

 PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)

 PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page99
Radio Channels

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page100
Downlink Channel Mapping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page101
Uplink Channel Mapping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page102
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page103
LTE Frame Structure

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page104
Normal and Extended Cyclic Prefix

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page105
Downlink CP Parameters

Configuration CP Length (Ts) Time Delay


Spread
Normal Cyclic ∆f = 15kHz 160 for slot 0 ~ 5.208µs ~ 1.562km
Prefix
144 for slot 1, 2, …6 ~ 4.688µs ~ 1.406km
Extended Cyclic ∆f = 15kHz 512 for slot 0, 1, …5 ~16.67µs ~ 5km
Prefix
∆f = 7.5kHz 1024 for 0, 1, 2 ~ 33.33 µs ~ 10km

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page106
Normal CP Configuration

Larger first CP when


Normal CP is configured

DL
Nsymb OFDM Symbols (= 7 for Normal CP)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
160 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048 144 2048

E.g. NCP = 144,


TCP= 144 x Ts = 4.6875μs

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page107
Type 2 TDD Radio Frame

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page108
Type 2 Radio Frame Switching Points

Configuration Switching Subframe Number


Point
Periodicity 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 5ms D S U U U D S U U U
1 5ms D S U U D D S U U D
2 5ms D S U D D D S U D D
3 10ms D S U U U D D D D D
4 10ms D S U U D D D D D D
5 10ms D S U D D D D D D D
6 5ms D S U U U D S U U D

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page109
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page110
OFDM Signal Generation

Antenna
Layers Ports

Modulation
Mapper
Layer
Precoding
Mapper
Modulation
Mapper

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page111
Codeword, Layer and Antenna Port
Mapping
Codeword
Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4
1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2

1 Layer 2 Layers 3 Layers 4 Layers

1, 2 or 4 2 or 4 4 Antenna 4 Antenna
Antenna Antenna Ports Ports
Ports Ports

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page112
Scrambling
Interference

F1 No F1
Scrambling
PRB PRB

eNB eNB

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page113
Scrambling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page114
Modulation Mapper

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page115
64 QAM Modulation Mapper
64QAM
Q

7
101111 101101 100101 100111 000111 000101 001101 001111

5
101110 101100 100100 100110 000110 000100 001100 001110

3
101010 101000 100000 100010 000010 000000 001000 001010

1
101011 101001 100001 100011 000011 000001 001001 001011
I
-7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7
-1
111011 111001 110001 110011 010011 010001 011001 011011

-3
111010 111000 110000 110010 010010 010000 011000 011010

-5
111110 111100 110100 110110 010110 010100 011100 011110

-7
111111 111101 110101 110111 010111 010101 011101 011111

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page116
Layer Mapper Configuration
Mapper Configuration Layers (v) Antenna Ports (P)
Single Antenna v=1 P=1
Transmit Diversity v=P P≠1 (2 or 4)
Spatial Multiplexing 1≤v≤P P≠1 (2 or 4)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page117
Single Antenna Layer Mapping
For transmission on a single antenna port, a single layer is used,

   1

and the mapping is defined by with:

x ( 0) (i )  d ( 0) (i )

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page118
Spatial Multiplexing Layer Mapping
Number Number of layer
Codeword to Layer Mapping i  0,1,..., M symb 1
of Layers Codewords
1 1 x (0) (i )  d ( 0) (i) layer
M symb (0)
 M symb

2 2 x (0) (i )  d ( 0) (i ) layer
M symb ( 0)
 M symb (1)
 M symb

x (1) (i )  d (1) (i )

2 1 x (0) (i )  d (0) (2i ) layer


M symb  M symb
(0)
2
x (1) (i )  d (0) (2i  1)

3 2 x (0) (i )  d ( 0) (i ) layer
M symb (0)
 M symb (1)
 M symb 2

x (1) (i )  d (1) ( 2i )
x ( 2) (i )  d (1) ( 2i  1)

4 2 x ( 0) (i )  d ( 0) ( 2i ) layer
M symb (0)
 M symb (1)
2  M symb 2
x (1) (i )  d ( 0) ( 2i  1)

x ( 2) (i )  d (1) ( 2i )
x (3) (i )  d (1) ( 2i  1)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page119
Transmit Diversity Layer Mapping
Number Number layer
Codeword to Layer Mapping i  0,1,..., M symb 1
of of Code
Layers words

2 1 x (0) (i )  d (0) (2i )


layer
M symb ( 0)
 M symb 2
x (1) (i )  d ( 0) (2i  1)

4 1 x (0) (i )  d ( 0) (4i )  M symb(0)


4 (0)
if M symb mod 4  0
layer
  (0)
x (1) (i )  d ( 0) (4i  1)
M symb
 
 M symb  2 4 if M symb mod 4  0
(0)

x ( 2) (i )  d (0) (4i  2) (0)


If M symb mod 4  0 two null symbols are
x (3) (i )  d ( 0) (4i  3) appended to d ( 0) ( M symb
(0)
 1)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page120
LTE Precoding Options

LTE Precoding

LTE Spatial Multiplexing

CDD (Cyclic
Precoding Delay
Diversity

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page121
Precoding Concept
The precoder takes as input a block of vectors:


 x(i )  x (0) (i ) ... x ( 1) (i ) T  layer
i  0,1,..., M symb 1
from the layer mapping and generates a block of vectors:


 y (i )  ... y ( p ) (i ) ... T  ap
i  0,1,..., M symb 1
to be mapped onto resources on each of the antenna ports,
( p)
wherey (i ) represents the signal for antenna port .

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page122
Precoding for Single Antenna Port

( p) (0)
y (i )  x (i )

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page123
Precoding for Transmit Diversity
For two antenna ports p  0,1 the output


 y (i )  y ( 0) (i ) y (1) (i ) T  ap
 i  0,1,..., M symb 1

the precoding operation is defined by:

  y (0) (2i)  1 0 
j 0 Re x (0) (i )  
 (1)
 y ( 2i )

 1
0  1 0 j  
  Re x 
(1)
(i )

 layer
 i  0,1,..., M symb 1
 y ( 0) (2i  1)
 (1) 
2 0 1


0 j  Im x ( 0) (i ) 


 
 ap layer
 y (2i  1)  1 0  0 (1) M symb  2M symb
 j   Im x (i ) 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page124
Precoding for Spatial Multiplexing

Without CDD With CDD


  y (0) (i )   x (0) (i )   y ( 0) (i )   x ( 0) (i ) 
       
    W (i )        W (i ) D (i )U   
 y ( P 1) (i )  x ( 1) (i )  y ( P 1) (i )  x ( 1) (i )
       

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page125
Spatial Multiplexing Codebook for
Precoding - 2 Antenna Ports
Codebook Index Number of layers 

1 2
0 1 1 1 1 0
  
2 1 2 0 1 
1 1 1 1 1 1 
   
2 1 2 1 1
2 1 1  1 1 1 
   
2  j 2  j  j
3 1 1  -
 
2  j 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page126
OFDM Signal Generation

 N DLN RB / 2 
 RB sc 
 p   1
 p    p  
  ak   ,l  e
j 2kf t NCP,lTs j 2kf t NCP,lTs
sl t  a k    ,l
 e 
k  NRB Nsc / 2 
DL RB k 1
 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page127
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page128
OFDMA in LTE
Frequency

Device is allocated one


or more PRB (Physical
Resource Blocks)

Channel OFDMA
Bandwidth
E.g. 3MHz

PRB consists of 12
subcarriers for 0.5ms

Time

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page129
Physical Resource Blocks and
Resource Elements
Radio Frame = 10ms

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Physical Resource
Block

NSCRB Subcarriers = 12
NRBDL

Resource
Element

NSymbDL

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page130
Downlink PRB Parameters

Configuration NSCRB NSymbDL


Normal Cyclic Prefix ∆f = 15kHz 7
12
Extended Cyclic ∆f = 15kHz 6
Prefix
∆f = 7.5kHz 24 3

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page131
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.1 The Uu Interface

2.2 LTE Radio Interface Protocols

2.3 LTE Channel Structure

2.4 LTE Frame Structure

2.5 OFDM Signal Generation

2.6 Downlink OFDMA

2.7 LTE Physical Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page132
Downlink Cell ID

(1) (2)
Ncell
ID = 3NID + NID

Where: NID(1) = 0,…..167


NID(2) = 0, 1, or 2

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page133
PSS and SSS Location for FDD
PSS (Primary
Synchronization
Sequence)

72
62 Subcarriers
Subcarriers

SSS (Secondary
Synchronization
Sequence)

Slots 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Radio Frame
Repeated in
slots 0 and 10

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page134
PSS and SSS Location for TDD

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page135
Example of SSS Indices

1 m0 m1 1 m0 m1 1 m0 m1 1 m0 m1 1 m0 m1


N ID N ID N ID N ID N ID

0 0 1 34 4 6 68 9 12 102 15 19 136 22 27
1 1 2 35 5 7 69 10 13 103 16 20 137 23 28

2 2 3 36 6 8 70 11 14 104 17 21 138 24 29

3 3 4 37 7 9 71 12 15 105 18 22 139 25 30
. . . . .
. . . . 167 2 9
33 3 5 67 8 11 101 14 18 135 21 26

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page136
SSS Scrambling
Length 31 Sequence
Cyclic Shift based on Scrambling
NID(1) sequence z
s0(m0) s1(m1) s1(m1) s0(m0)

c0 c1 and z1(m0) c0 c1 and z1(m1)

Subframe 0 Subframe 5
62 interleaved Scrambling sequence c0
bits and c1 based on NID(2)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page137
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page138
Downlink Reference Signals
 Cell Specific (non-MBSFN)

 MBSFN (MBMS service over Single Frequency Network)

 UE Specific

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page139
Cell Specific Reference Signals
One Antenna Port

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page140
Cell Specific Reference Signals
Cell ID Offset

Physical Cell ID = 0 Physical Cell ID = 8


RS position is R R
R R based on Physical
R R
Cell ID (Physical
R R
Cell ID mod 6) R R
eNB R R
eNB
R R

R R

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page141
Cell Specific Reference Signals
Two Antenna Port Configuration

x R x R R x R x R RS symbol for antenna port 0


R RS symbol for antenna port 1
R x R x x R x R

x R x R R x R x

R x R x x R x R
Antenna Port 0 Antenna Port 1

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page142
Cell Specific Reference Signals
Four Antenna Port Configuration

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page143
MBFSN Reference Signals
Subframe Subframe
Slot
R
R R R R
R
R R R
R
R R R R
R
R R R
R
R R R R
R
R R R

Extended CP R R

15kHz R

R R

Extended CP R R

7.5kHz R

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page144
UE Specific Reference Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page145
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page146
PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page147
MIB to PBCH Mapping (FDD and
Normal CP)
MIB

CRC
Channel Coding
Rate Matching
Scrambling
Modulation
Layer Mapping PBCH
Precoding
Mapping to REs

10ms Frame

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page148
CFICH (Physical Control Format
Indicator Channel) - CFI Mapping

CFI Value Number of OFDM Symbols Assigned to DPCCH

N RB  10 N RB  10
DL DL

1 1 2
2 2 3
3 3 4

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page149
CFI to PCFICH Mapping
CFI OFDM Symbols
k allocated to
PDCCH
Channel Coding
(Block1/16)
Scrambling
Modulation
Layer Mapping
Precoding
Mapping to REs
PCFICH

NRBDL

Cell DL
k = (NRB
sc /2)·(NID mod 2NRB) Reserved RSs

k=k
DL
k = k + NRB )/2 · NRB
sc /2

DL RB
k = k + 2NRB)/2 · Nsc /2
RB
k = k + 3NDL
RB)/2 · Nsc /2

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page150
CFI Codewords

CFI CFI Codeword < b0, b1, …, b31 >


1 <0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1>
2 <1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0>
3 <1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1>
4 (Reserved) <0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0>

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page151
PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control
Channel)
Downlink Frame - 10ms
Control 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Region
5MHz (25 Resource Blocks)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page152
REG to CCE and PDCCH Mapping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page153
PDCCH to Control Region Mapping
0
0
x 0 R x R
PCFICH 0
1
R 1 x R x
1
1
x 2 R x R
PHICH
2
2
R 2 x R x
3 4
3 4
x 4 R x R
3 4
3 5
R 5 x R x
6 5
6 5
x 7 R x R
6 7
6 7
R 7 x R x

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page154
CCE Allocation Levels

1 CCE Level

2 CCE Level

4 CCE Level

8 CCE Level

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page155
Search Spaces
Candidate Candidate
Aggregation Set Aggregation Set
for Common for UE-specific
Control Control
8 - CCE
4 - CCE
2 - CCE
1 - CCE CCE
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Common Search Space UE-specific Search Space

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page156
PHICH (Physical Hybrid Indicator
Channel)
 Frame Structure Type 1

 Frame Structure Type 2 (TDD)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page157
PHICH Mapping
Up to eight PCFICH
ACK/NACK per
PHICH
PHICH Group
Mapping
Group 0 Equation

DL For normal CP
group
NPHICH
2 Ng (NDL
RB /8)
For extended CP

Where: Ng = 1/6, ½, 1 or 2

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page158
Extended PHICH Example
Subframe
Extended
PHICH

Normal

5MHz (25 Resource Blocks)


PHICH

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page159
PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared
Channel)
Subframe

x R x R
PDSCH
R x R x
Symbols
x R x R

PDSCH R x R x
Symbol
x R x R
Mapping
R x R x

Reserved for x R x R
Control
R x R x

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page160
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page161
Downlink Control Signaling
DCI Format Usage
0 Scheduling of PUSCH
1 Scheduling of one PDSCH codeword
1A Compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword and random access
procedure initiated by a PDCCH order
1B Compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword with precoding
information (Rank-1 transmission)
1C Very compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword
1D Compact scheduling of one PDSCH codeword with precoding and
power offset information (multi-user MIMO)
2 Scheduling PDSCH to UEs configured in closed-loop spatial
multiplexing MIMO
2A Scheduling PDSCH to UEs configured in open-loop spatial
multiplexing MIMO
3 Transmission of TPC (Transmit Power Control) commands for
PUCCH and PUSCH with 2-bit power adjustments
3A Transmission of TPC (Transmit Power Control) commands for
PUCCH and PUSCH with 1-bit power adjustments

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page162
DCI Format 0
 Flag for format0/format1A differentiation - 1 bit, where value 0
indicates format 0 and value 1 indicates format 1A.

 Hopping flag.

 Resource block assignment and hopping resource allocation.

 Modulation and coding scheme and redundancy version.

 New data indicator.

 TPC command for scheduled PUSCH.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page163
DCI Format 0 (cont.)
 Cyclic shift for DM RS.

 UL index - This field is present only for TDD operation with


uplink-downlink configuration 0.

 DAI (Downlink Assignment Index) - This field is present only for


TDD operation with uplink-downlink configurations 1-6.

 CQI Request.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page164
DCI Format 1
 Resource allocation header (resource allocation type 0 / type 1).

 Resource block assignment.

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 HARQ process number.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page165
DCI Format 1 (cont.)
 TPC command for PUCCH.

 Downlink Assignment Index - This field is present in TDD.

Ambiguous Sizes of Information Bits


12, 14, 16 ,20, 24, 26, 32, 40, 44, 56

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page166
DCI Format 1A
 Flag for format0/format1A differentiation - 1 bit, where value 0
indicates format 0 and value 1 indicates format 1A.

 Localized/Distributed VRB assignment flag - This is 1 bit and set


to 0.

 Resource block assignment - all bits are set to 1.

 Preamble Index.

 PRACH Mask Index.

 All the remaining bits are set to zero.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page167
DCI Format 1A -
Compact Scheduling
 Flag for format0/format1A differentiation - 1 bit, where value 0
indicates format 0 and value 1 indicates format 1A.

 Localized/distributed VRB (Virtual Resource Block) assignment


flag.

 Resource block assignment (localized VRB /distributed VRB).

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 HARQ process number.

 New data indicator.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page168
DCI Format 1A -
Compact Scheduling (cont.)
 Redundancy version.

 TPC command for PUCCH.

 Downlink Assignment Index - This is present in TDD and is


applicable to TDD configurations 1-6.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page169
DCI Format 1B
 Localized/Distributed VRB assignment flag

 Resource block assignment - different for localized and


distributed VRB.

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 HARQ process number.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page170
DCI Format 1B (cont.)
 TPC command for PUCCH.

 Downlink Assignment Index - This is present in TDD and is


applicable to TDD configurations 1-6.

 TPMI information for precoding - The TPMI (Transmitted


Precoding Matrix Indicator) information indicates which
codebook index is used corresponding to the single-layer
transmission.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page171
DCI Format 1B (cont.)
 PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator) confirmation for precoding -
This indicates whether precoding is based on the indicated
TPMI or on the latest PMI report sent on the PUSCH.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page172
DCI Format 1C
 Gap value - This indicates if or is to be utilized.

 Resource block assignment.

 Transport block size index.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page173
DCI Format 1D
 Localized/Distributed VRB assignment flag.

 Resource block assignment.

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 HARQ process number - the size of this varies depending on


FDD or TDD mode.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page174
DCI Format 1D (cont.)
 TPC command for PUCCH.

 Downlink Assignment Index - This is present in TDD and is


applicable to TDD configurations 1-6.

 TPMI information for precoding

 Downlink power offset - This is required for multi-user MIMO


scheduling in the downlink.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page175
DCI Format 2
 Resource allocation header - This indicates resource allocation
type 0 or type 1.

 Resource block assignment - This is for type 0 or 1 information.

 TPC command for PUCCH

 Downlink Assignment Index - This is present in TDD and is


applicable to TDD configurations 1-6.

 HARQ process number - the size of this varies depending on


FDD or TDD mode.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page176
DCI Format 2
 Transport block to codeword swap flag - This determines the
transport block to codeword mapping. However, if one of the
transport blocks is disabled the mapping is different.

 For the first Transport Block:

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page177
DCI Format 2
 For the second Transport Block:

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

 Precoding information - This is either 3bits or 6bits depending


on the number of antenna ports.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page178
DCI Format 2A

One codeword: Codeword 0 enabled, Two codewords: Codeword 0 enabled,


Codeword 1 disabled Codeword 1 enabled

Bit field Message Bit field Message


mapped to mapped
index to index

0 4 layers: Transmit diversity 0 2 layers: precoder cycling with


large delay CDD
1 2 layers: precoder cycling 1 3 layers: precoder cycling with
with large delay CDD large delay CDD
2 Reserved 2 4 layers: precoder cycling with
large delay CDD
3 Reserved 3 Reserved

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page179
DCI Format 3
 TPC command number 1, TPC command number 2,…, TPC
command number N, where:

L 
N   format 0 
 2 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page180
DCI Format 3A
 TPC command number 1, TPC command number 2,…, TPC
command number M - where
M  Lformat 0

 and where:
Lformat 0

is equal to the payload size of format 0 before CRC attachment.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page181
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page182
Initial Procedures

PLMN/Cell
Selection

Downlink Synchronization
Complete

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page183
Cell Search

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page184
Physical Cell Identities

SSS - One of 168


Group Identities

eNB eNB

eNB
504 Unique Cell
Identities PSS - One of 3 Identities

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page185
PSS Correlation
Subframe

PSS0

PSS1

PSS2

Correlation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page186
SSS Correlation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page187
SI Messages - PBCH and the Master
Information Block

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page188
SI Block Type 1
SIB1 (System Information Block Type 1)
PLMN Identity List
Tracking Area Code
E-CGI (Evolved Cell Global Identity)
Cell Barred Indication
Intra Frequency Reselection
CSG Indication
CSG Identity
Qrxlevminoffset
P-Max
Frequency Band Indicator
Scheduling Info List
SIB Window Length (1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40ms)
System Info Value Tag

Repetitions are scheduled in subframe #5 of all


other radio frames for which SFN mod 2 = 0

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page189
SI Block Type 1
 PLMN Identity List - This is a list of PLMN identities. The first
listed PLMN-Identity is the primary PLMN.

 Tracking Area Code - This is a TAC (Tracking Area Code) that is


common for all the PLMNs listed.

 Cell Barred Indication.

 Intra Frequency Reselection - This is used to control cell


reselection to intra-frequency cells when the highest ranked cell
is barred, or treated as barred by the UE

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page190
SI Block Type 1 (cont.)
 CSG Indication - if set to “TRUE”, the UE CSG (Closed Subscriber
Group) identity needs to match.

 CSG Identity - This is the identity of the Closed Subscriber


Group within the primary PLMN the cell belongs to.

 Qrxlevminoffset - This affects the minimum required Rx level in


the cell.

 P-Max - This is part of the cell selection process.

 Frequency Band Indicator

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page191
SI Block Type 1 (cont.)
 SI Periodicity Mapping Information - This denotes a value in
radio frames: rf8, rf16, rf32, rf64, rf128, rf256, rf512 and is
used to calculate the occurrence of messages

 SIB Window Length - This is a common SI scheduling window


for all SIB and indicates 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 40ms.

 System Info Value Tag - Common for all SIBs other than MIB,
SIB1, SIB10 and SIB11.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page192
Example of SI Mapping

SI2 {rf16, SIB6, SIB7, SIB8, SIB9}

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 SFN

SI1 {rf8, SIB3, SIB4, SIB5} SIB1 (System Information Block Type 1)
.
SI-Window=5ms
Scheduling Info List
- SI1 {rf8, SIB3, SIB4, SIB5}
- SI2 {rf16, SIB6, SIB7, SIB8, SIB9}

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page193
SI Block Type 2

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page194
SI Block Type 3
SIB3 (System Information Block Type 3)
Cell Reselection Information
Q-Hyst
Speed State Reselection Parameters
Q-Hyst Speed SF (Scaling Factor)
Treselection EUTRA
Treselection EUTRA SF
S Intra Search
Cell Reselection Serving Freq Info
S-Non-Intra Search Info
Threshold Serving Low Value
Intra Freq Cell Reselection Info
p-Max
Allowed Measurement Bandwidth

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page195
SI Block Type 4

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page196
SI Block Type 5

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page197
SI Block Type 6

SIB6 (System Information Block Type 6)


Carrier Frequency List UTRA
UTRA Reselection Information

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page198
SI Block Type 7

SIB7 (System Information Block Type 7)


Carrier Frequency List GERAN
GERAN Reselection Information

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page199
SI Block Type 8

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page200
SI Block Type 9

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page201
PLMN Selection

PLMN selection
may be initiated
automatically or
manually

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page202
Cell Selection

Qrxlevmeas

Srxlev > 0
Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas - (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset) - Pcompensation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page203
Cell Selection Parameters
Parameter Description
Srxlev Cell Selection RX level value (dB).
Qrxlevmeas Measured cell RX level value (RSRP),
where RSRP is defined as the linear average
over the power contributions of the resource
elements that carry cell specific reference
signals within the considered measurement
frequency bandwidth.
Qrxlevmin Minimum required RX level in the cell
(dBm).
Qrxlevminoffset Offset to the signaled Qrxlevmin taken into
account in the Srxlev evaluation as a result
of a periodic search for a higher priority
PLMN while camped normally in a visited
PLMN.
Pcompensation max (PEMAX - PUMAX, 0), where PEMAX is the
maximum allowed power configured by
higher layers.
PUMAX RF output power of the UE (dBm) according
to the UE power class (this may vary
depending on allowed tolerances).

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page204
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page205
SC-FDMA Subcarrier Mapping
Concept
Frequency Domain Time Domain

Subcarrier CP
Mapping Insertion

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page206
SC-FDMA Signal Generation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page207
SC-FDMA and the eNB

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page208
SC-FDMA Signal Generation
Equation

N RB N sc / 2  1
UL RB
j 2  k 1 2 f t  N CP ,l Ts 
sl t    a k (  ) ,l  e
 UL RB
k   N RB N sc / 2 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page209
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page210
SC-FDMA vs. OFDMA

Feature SC-FDMA OFDMA


Low PAPR Y X
Performance X Y
Uplink MIMO X Y

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page211
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page212
Uplink LTE Physical Channels

PRACH PUSCH PUCCH

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page213
PRACH (Physical Random Access
Channel)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page214
PRACH Guard Period

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page215
Random Access Preamble
Parameters
Preamble Allocated TSEQ TCP TCP (µs) TGT TGT Max. Max Cell
Format Subframes (Ts) (Ts) (Ts) (µs) Delay Radius
Spread (km)
(µs)

0 1 24576 3168 103.125 2976 96.875 5.208 14.531


1 2 24576 21024 684.375 15840 515.625 16.666 77.344
2 2 49152 6240 203.125 6048 196.875 5.208 29.531
3 3 49152 21024 684.375 21984 715.625 16.666 102.65
4 (TDD) Special 4096 448 14.583 576 18.75 16.666 4.375
Frame

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page216
PRACH FDD Formats
Subframe 1ms Subframe 1ms

Format 3

Format 2

Format 1

6
Format 0
PRB

CP Zadoff Chu Sequence

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page217
PRACH Configuration
Subframe Subframe Subframe
0 1 2
RB 24

839
Subcarriers
1.25kHz
(6RBs)
C
ZC
P

RB 0

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page218
PRACH Configuration Index
PRACH Preamble System Subframe
Configuration Format Frame Number
Index Number
0 0 Even 1
1 0 Even 4
2 0 Even 7
3 0 Any 1
4 0 Any 4
5 0 Any 7
6 0 Any 1, 6
7 0 Any 2 ,7
8 0 Any 3, 8
9 0 Any 1, 4, 7
10 0 Any 2, 5, 8
11 0 Any 3, 6, 9
12 0 Any 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
13 0 Any 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
14 0 Any 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9
15 0 Even 9
. . . .
. . . .
63 3 Even 9

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page219
PRACH Configuration and Preamble
Sequences per Cell
 Constant amplitude

 Autocorrelation

 Cross correlation

Cell has 64
Preamble
PRACH-Configuration
Sequences
Root Sequence Index (0 to 837)
PRACH Configuration Index (0 to 63)
High Speed Flag
Zero Correlation Zone Configuration (0 to 15)
PRACH Frequency Offset (0 to 104) eNB

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page220
PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared
Channel)
Subframe

PDSCH
Symbol
Mapping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page221
Multiplexing Control Signaling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page222
PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control
Channel)Uplink Carrier Bandwidth

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page223
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.8 Downlink Reference Signals

2.9 Downlink LTE Physical Channels

2.10 Downlink Control Signaling

2.11 LTE Cell Search Procedure

2.12 Uplink Transmission Technique

2.13 OFDMA Verses SC-FDMA

2.14 Uplink LTE Physical Channels

2.15 Timing Relationships

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page224
FDD Timing

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page225
“K” Values for TDD Configurations

TDD UL/DL K value for DL Subframe Number


Configuration
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 4* 6* 4* 6*
1 6 4 6 4
2 4 4
3 4 4 4
4 4 4
5 4
6 7 7 7 7 5

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page226
Example of TDD Configuration 2

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page227
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page228
Uplink Reference Signals

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page229
Demodulation Reference Signal
 Sequence length - This is part of the uplink allocation.

 Sequence Groups (0-29) - This is cell specific.

 Sequence - Each group contains one sequence for each length


up to 5 PRB, and two sequences for each length from 6PRB.

 12 Cyclic Shift options.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page230
DRS Sequence Group Selection

Sequence Group Selection

Fixed Group Group Hopping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page231
PUSCH DRS

R R
R R
R R
12 Subcarriers

R R
R R
R R
R R LTE DRS (Demodulation
R R Reference Signals) transmitted
R R
R R across all subcarriers assigned
R R to a UE
R R
Slot Slot
Subframe

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page232
PUSCH DRS (Extended CP)

R R
R R
R R
12 Subcarriers

R R
R R
R R
R R
R R Extended CP
R R DRS Location
R R
R R
R R
Slot Slot
Subframe

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page233
Requirement for SRS

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page234
SRS Frequency Hopping

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page235
SRS Allocation
SRS Symbol

UE 1 and 2 (Using
different cyclic
shifts)

Subframe

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page236
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page237
PUCCH Formats
PUCCH Description Modulation Bits per
Format Type subframe

1 Scheduling Request N/A N/A


1a ACK/NACK BPSK 1
ACK/NACK+SR
1b ACK/NACK QPSK 2
ACK/NACK+SR
2 CQI/PMI or RI QPSK 20
(CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK
(Extended CP only)
2a (CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK QPSK+BPSK 21
(normal CP only)
2b (CQI/PMI or RI)+ACK/NACK QPSK+QPSK 22
(normal CP only)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page238
PUCCH Format 1
 Information is carried by the presence/absence of transmission
of PUCCH from the UE.

 UE is assigned a resource index which indicates a resource every


nth frame that can be used to transmit a SR (Scheduling
Request).

 The size of PUCCH format 1 is 0bits

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page239
PUCCH Format 1a and 1b
1 or 2 bit ACK/NACK
To Next
BPSK/QPSK Slot
Cyclically
shifted
length-12
sequence

IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT


Length 4 Sequence

W0 W1 W2 W3

UL RS UL RS UL RS
Slot

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page240
PUCCH Format 2 (Normal CP)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page241
PUCCH Format 2 (Extended CP)

CQI/PMI or RI + ACK/NACK
Cyclically To Next
shifted Slot
length-12
sequence
IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT IFFT

Slot (Extended CP)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page242
PUCCH Format 2a and 2b
ACK/NACK Coding
 They are bit scrambled by a UE specific scrambling sequence.

 The initialization of the scrambling sequence generator is the


same as that of the PUSCH.

 BPSK (2a) or QPSK (2b) modulation for the 2nd RS symbol in


each slot is used. This carries ACK/NACK.

 Format 2a: QPSK CQI + BPSK ACK/NACK

 Format 2b: QPSK CQI + QPSK ACK/NACK

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page243
PUCCH Format 2a and 2b
ACK/NACK Coding (cont.)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page244
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page245
LTE Random Access Procedure

Identify
Send Receive
PRACH
Preamble Response
Format

Yes

MAC
Decode SRB
Connection
Response Established
Resolution

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page246
Random Access RRC Signaling
Procedure

MAC Scheduling Grant

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page247
PRACH Probing

eNB indicates the


preamble/ZC sequence
PRACH was received and
Power includes initial UL grant
Control

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page248
Parameters for Random Access
Parameter Description
PRACH-ConfigInfo This contains: prach-ConfigIndex, highSpeedFlag,
zeroCorrelationZoneConfig and prach-FreqOffset
ra-ResponseWindowSize Random access response window size in subframes
(sf2, sf3, sf4, sf5, sf6, sf7, sf8 or sf10)
powerRampingStep Power ramping factor (dB0, dB2,dB4 or dB6)
preambleTransMax Maximum number of preamble transmission (n3, n4,
n5, n6, n7, n8, n10, n20, n50, n100 or n200)
preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower Initial preamble power (-120, -118, -116, -114, -112,
-110, -108, -106, -104, -102, -100, -98, -96, -94, -92
or -90 dBm)
DELTA_PREAMBLE Preamble format based offset
maxHARQ-Msg3Tx Maximum number of Msg3 HARQ transmissions (1
to 8)
mac-ContentionResolutionTimer Contention Resolution Timer (sf8, sf16, sf24, sf32,
sf40, sf48, sf56 or sf64)
numberOfRA-Preambles Number of preambles used (n4, n8, n12, n16 ,n20,
n24, n28, n32, n36, n40, n44, n48, n52, n56, n60 or
n64)
sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA Number of preambles assigned to group A (n4, n8,
n12, n16 ,n20, n24, n28, n32, n36, n40, n44, n48,
n52, n56 or n60)
messagePowerOffsetGroupB Part of the power equation to identify which group
to use (minusinfinity, dB0, dB5, dB8, dB10, dB12,
dB15, or dB18)
messageSizeGroupA Part of the size equation to identify which group to
use (b56, b144, b208, b256},
ra-PreambleIndex The preamble to use as parted of dedicated
configuration (0 to 63)
ra-PRACH-MaskIndex The resource to use as parted of dedicated
configuration (0 to 15)

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page249
Allocation of Preamble Groups

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page250
Random Access Response Window

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page251
MAC Random Access Response

MAC Scheduling Grant

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page252
Uplink Transmission

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page253
MAC Contention Resolution

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page254
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page255
Uplink Power Control

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page256
Power Control Calculations
 PUSCH Power Control:
 PPUSCH (i )  min{PCMAX , 10 log10 ( M PUSCH (i ))  PO_PUSCH ( j )   ( j )  PL   TF (i )  f (i )}

 PUCCH Power Control:


 P
PUCCH i   minPCMAX , P0_PUCCH  PL  h nCQI , n HARQ    F_PUCCH F   g i 

 PRACH Power Control:


PPRACH = min{ PCMAX , PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER + PL} dBm

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page257
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page258
Paging Issues

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page259
DRX Reception of Paging

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page260
Paging Frame
FDD Subframe Patterns

Ns PO when PO when PO when PO when


i_s=0 i_s=1 i_s=2 i_s=3
1 9 N/A N/A N/A
2 4 9 N/A N/A
4 0 4 5 9

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page261
Paging Frame
TDD Subframe Patterns

Ns PO when PO when PO when PO when


i_s=0 i_s=1 i_s=2 i_s=3
0 0 N/A N/A N/A
2 0 5 N/A N/A
4 0 1 5 6

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page262
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page263
ARQ vs. HARQ
ARQ
Implemented at RLC Layer
Slow Retransmission
Not optimized for Radio Interference

HARQ
Not New – used in HSPA and HSPA+
Implemented at MAC and PHY Layers
Fast Retransmission
Optimized for Radio Interference
Improved system efficiency

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page264
Basic Concepts of SAW

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page265
HARQ Parallel Processes

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page266
HARQ Methods

Chase Incremental
Combing Redundancy

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page267
Redundancy Versions and Soft Bits

IR Buffer Size = 10bits


Reff.=4/5

NACK

Reff.=2/5

ACK

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page268
HARQ in LTE
FDD HARQ Processes

8 HARQ Processes - Normal Scheduling


4 HARQ Processes - Subframe Bundling Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page269
HARQ in LTE
TDD HARQ Processes

TDD UL/DL Configuration Maximum Number of HARQ Processes


0 4
1 7
2 10
3 9
4 12
5 15

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page270
HARQ in the Downlink
 Asynchronous adaptive HARQ.

 Uplink ACK/NAKs in response to downlink (re)transmissions are


sent on PUCCH or PUSCH.

 PDCCH signals the HARQ process number and if it is a


transmission or retransmission.

 Retransmissions are always scheduled through PDCCH.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page271
HARQ in the Uplink
 Synchronous HARQ.

 Maximum number of retransmissions configured per UE (as


opposed to per Radio Bearer).

 Downlink ACK/NAKs in response to uplink (re)transmissions are


sent on PHICH.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page272
Uplink HARQ Operation

HARQ PDCCH seen by UE behaviour


feedback seen the UE
by the UE

ACK or NACK  New Transmission  New transmission according to PDCCH 

ACK or NACK  Retransmission  Retransmission according to PDCCH 


(adaptive retransmission) 

ACK  None  No (re)transmission, keep data in HARQ 


buffer and a PDCCH is required to resume 
retransmissions 

NACK  None  Non‐adaptive retransmission 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page273
Downlink ACK NACK Timing

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page274
Uplink ACK NACK Timing

PHICH

Subframe Subframe Subframe Subframe Subframe Subframe


3 4 5 6 7 8
Downlink
:K =4
FDD

Subframe Subframe Subframe Subframe Subframe Subframe


3 4 5 6 7 8
Uplink
PUSCH

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page275
Contents
2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles
2.16 Uplink Reference Signals

2.17 Uplink Control Signaling

2.18 LTE Random Access Procedure

2.19 Uplink Power Control

2.20 Paging Procedures

2.21 HARQ Operation

2.22 Diversity Options

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page276
SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page277
Transmission Modes
 Mode 1 - Single-Antenna transmission, port 0, no MIMO.

 Mode 2 - Transmit diversity.

 Mode 3 - Transmit diversity or with Large Delays CDD is used.

 Mode 4 - Transmit diversity or Closed-loop spatial multiplexing.

 Mode 5 - Transmit diversity or multi user MIMO (more than one


UE is assigned to the same resource block).

 Mode 6 - Transmit diversity or closed loop precoding for


rank=1 (i.e. no spatial multiplexing, but precoding is used).

 Mode 7 - Single-antenna port, port 5 (beamforming).

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page278
Spatial Multiplexing MIMO

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page279
Spatial Multiplexing Interference
Issues

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page280
MIMO Single Stream

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page281
Adaptive MIMO Switching

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page282
Spatial Multiplexing in LTE
PDSCH Processing
Antenna
Layers Ports

Modulation
Mapper
Layer
Precoding
Mapper
Modulation
Mapper

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page283
Codebook Based Precoding

Codebook Index Number of Layers

1 2

0 1 1 1 1 0
  
2 1 2 0 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 
   
2 1 2 1 1

2 1 1  1 1 1 
   
2  j 2  j  j

3 1 1  -
 
2  j 

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page284
Feedback Reporting

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page285
4bit CQI Table
CQI Index Modulation Code Rate x 1024 Efficiency
0 out of range
1 QPSK 78 0.1523
2 QPSK 120 0.2344
3 QPSK 193 0.3770
4 QPSK 308 0.6016
5 QPSK 449 0.8770
6 QPSK 602 1.1758
7 16QAM 378 1.4766
8 16QAM 490 1.9141
9 16QAM 616 2.4063
10 64QAM 466 2.7305
11 64QAM 567 3.3223
12 64QAM 666 3.9023
13 64QAM 772 4.5234
14 64QAM 873 5.1152
15 64QAM 948 5.5547

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page286
Questions
 Which protocol performs air interface ciphering and integrity?
a. PDCP.

b. RLC.

c. MAC.

d. PHY.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page287
Questions
 True / False. All System Information messages are transferred
on the BCH.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page288
Questions
 How many symbols are there in a slot when a normal CP is
used?
a. 5.

b. 6.

c. 7.

d. 8.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page289
Questions
 What is the maximum number of codewords that LTE can use?
a. 1.

b. 2.

c. 3.

d. 4.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page290
Questions
 How many symbols are in a slot when operating with a normal
CP?
a. 6

b. 7

c. 8

d. 9

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page291
Questions
 How many physical cell identities are there?
a. 168

b. 256

c. 504

d. 512

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page292
Questions
 How many REG make up a CCE?
a. 6

b. 7

c. 8

d. 9

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page293
Questions
 Which DCI Format is used to allocate uplink resources?
a. DCI Format 0

b. DCI Format 1

c. DCI Format 1a

d. DCI Format 1b

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page294
Questions
 What is the TTI for the MIB?
a. 1ms

b. 10ms

c. 40ms

d. 80ms

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page295
Questions
 How many PRACH sequences are on each cell?
a. 64

b. 128

c. 256

d. 512

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page296
Questions
 How many HARQ processes are used in the downlink?
a. 4

b. 6

c. 8

d. 10

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page297
Contents
1. The Air interface

2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles

3. Dynamic Resource Allocation

4. Intra LTE Mobility

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page298
Contents
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
3.1 Scheduling Principles and Signaling

3.2 Scheduler Interaction

3.3 Dynamic and Semi Persistent Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page299
Contents
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
3.1 Scheduling Principles and Signaling

3.2 Scheduler Interaction

3.3 Dynamic and Semi Persistent Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page300
IP Scheduling

Historically voice is LTE is purely


delivered on dedicated IP based
channels

BTS Services including


voice are packetized eNB
Node B

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page301
Basic Scheduling in a Cell

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page302
QoS in Packet Switched Networks
Packet Schedulers and Classifiers

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page303
Key Factors Influencing Scheduling
Uplink
Interference Guaranteed
Bearers
Buffer
Status

eNB

eNB
Configuration

Bandwidth
Configuration

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page304
Scheduling Methods

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page305
DCI Format 2
 Resource allocation header - This indicates resource allocation
type 0 or type 1.

 Resource block assignment - This is for type 0 or 1 information.

 TPC command for PUCCH

 Downlink Assignment Index - This is present in TDD and is


applicable to TDD configurations 1-6.

 HARQ process number - the size of this varies depending on


FDD or TDD mode.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page306
DCI Format 2
 Transport block to codeword swap flag - This determines the
transport block to codeword mapping. However, if one of the
transport blocks is disabled the mapping is different.

 For the first Transport Block:

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page307
DCI Format 2
 For the second Transport Block:

 Modulation and coding scheme.

 New data indicator.

 Redundancy version.

 Precoding information - This is either 3bits or 6bits depending


on the number of antenna ports.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page308
PDSCH Resource Allocation - Type 0

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page309
PDSCH Resource Allocation - Type 1

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page310
PDSCH Resource Allocation - Type 2

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page311
Modulation and TBS Index for
PDSCH MCS
Index
Modulation
Order
TBS
Index
MCS
Index
Modulation
Order
TBS
Index
I MCS Qm I TBS I MCS Qm I TBS

0 2 0 16 4 15
1 2 1 17 6 15
2 2 2 18 6 16
3 2 3 19 6 17
4 2 4 20 6 18
5 2 5 21 6 19
6 2 6 22 6 20
7 2 7 23 6 21
8 2 8 24 6 22
9 2 9 25 6 23
10 4 9 26 6 24
11 4 10 27 6 25
12 4 11 28 6 26
13 4 12 29 2 Reserved
14 4 13 30 4
15 4 14 31 6

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page312
Using the TBS Size
5MHz (25 Resource Blocks)

Scheduled
5RB (MIMO SM)
16QAM
TBS(s) Size
RV

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page313
Contents
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
3.1 Scheduling Principles and Signaling

3.2 Scheduler Interaction

3.3 Dynamic and Semi Persistent Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page314
Scheduler Interaction
Layer 3 RRM
Manager
Layer 3
Layer 2
UE
Buffer Status
MAC

HARQ
Scheduler
Link
Adaptation

Layer 2 RRM Manager


Layer 2
Layer 1
Layer 1 Reports + UCI + SRS Dynamic
Allocation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page315
Questions
 Which entity performs the allocation and scheduling of the air
interface resources?
a. UE.

b. eNB.

c. MME.

d. All of the above.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page316
Questions
 Identify three main factors influencing resource scheduling.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page317
Questions
 How many MCS Indexes are there in LTE?
a. 16.

b. 32.

c. 64.

d. 128

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page318
Questions
 How many subframes are allocated when TTI (subfrrame)
bundling is configured?
a. 2

b. 3

c. 4

d. 5

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page319
Contents
3. Dynamic Resource Allocation
3.1 Scheduling Principles and Signaling

3.2 Scheduler Interaction

3.3 Dynamic and Semi Persistent Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page320
Dynamic Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page321
Semi-Persistent Scheduling

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page322
Contents
1. The Air interface

2. LTE Radio Interface General Principles

3. Dynamic Resource Allocation

4. Intra LTE Mobility

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page323
Contents
4. Intra LTE Mobility
4.1 Intra LTE Mobility

4.2 Reporting Options

4.3 Mobility Measurements

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page324
Contents
4. Intra LTE Mobility
4.1 Intra LTE Mobility

4.2 Reporting Options

4.3 Mobility Measurements

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page325
Intra-LTE Mobility

Idle State Active State


Mobility Mobility

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page326
Idle State - Cell Reselection

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page327
Sintrasearch Parameter

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page328
High and Medium Mobility State
Impact to Treselection

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page329
Ranking of Cells - Ranking Equation

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page330
Active State Mobility - Intra LTE

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page331
LTE Handover

Measurement
Report(s)

Handover
Request Ack
SN Status
Transfer

Path Switch
Request

Path Switch
Request Ack

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page332
Contents
4. Intra LTE Mobility
4.1 Intra LTE Mobility

4.2 Reporting Options

4.3 Mobility Measurements

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page333
Measurement Configuration
Parameters

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page334
Report Configuration Parameters

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page335
Periodic and Event Reporting

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page336
Contents
4. Intra LTE Mobility
4.1 Intra LTE Mobility

4.2 Reporting Options

4.3 Mobility Measurements

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page337
Measurement Gaps
Non Gap Assisted
Bandwidth

Bandwidth

Bandwidth

Bandwidth
Bandwidth

Bandwidth
Fc Fc Fc

Same frequency, same Same frequency, Same frequency,


bandwidth, non gap different bandwidth, different bandwidth,
assisted non gap assisted non gap assisted

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page338
Measurement Gaps
Gap Assisted

Fc
Fc
Fc

Different frequency, Different frequency, Different frequency,


overlapping overlapping no overlapping
bandwidth, gap bandwidth, gap bandwidth, gap
assisted assisted assisted

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page339
Gap Configuration

SFN mod T = FLOOR(gapOffset /10)


subframe = gapOffset mod 10

where: T= TGRP/10

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page340
UE Measurements
 E-UTRA Carrier RSSI

 RSRP

 RSRQ

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page341
Questions
 True / False. Adjacent LTE cells can utilize the same, or
difference, frequency band.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page342
Questions
 What is the name of the parameter which can be used to
configure if intra-frequency measurements should be
performed?

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page343
Questions
 Which message is used to provide the UE with Active State
measurement configuration information?
a. System Information.

b. RRC Connection Setup.

c. RRC Connection Reconfiguration.

d. Measurement Control.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page344
Questions
 Which measurement event is used to indicate that a neighbor
cell is “an offset” better than the serving cell?
a. Event A1.

b. Event A2.

c. Event A3.

d. Event A4.

Copyright © 2017 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page345
Thank you
www.huawei.com

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen