Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents study background, study goals as well as scope and limitation.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Most of automotive industry and even small time business owners do not have a

tool that will help each technician to efficiently remove the oil filter without damaging it.

According to some technicians the problem of some automotive technician is that

they do not have the right tool to be used when it comes to removing an oil filter

efficiently. But without the right tool, you cannot remove it properly and efficiently.

To solve this problem the researchers have developed a project to help each

technician to easily remove of different sizes oil filter.

This project entitled “Development of Special Service Tool: Oil filter Socket

Wrench” is a combination of ten sockets with drive socket that is fitted to ten different

sizes of oil filters. Just like a Socket Wrench Set, the researchers project is just like the

said set of tools, but it is specifically just for oil filters for different models of cars and

different sizes of oil filters.

This project aims to help a technician to lessen the effort exerted from removing

an oil filter. This project will also lessen the damage from removing an oil filter from the

vehicle. Damages in oil filter removal are caused by using force and not using the exact
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tool for removing it. Dents and damages may result if wrong methods are applied, so in

that case there is no option but to replace the oil filter.

The best solution to this problem is using a fitted socket wrench for an oil filter

regardless of the size of it because the project is designed for different sizes of oil filters.

And it is applicable to all kinds of vehicles.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

General Objectives

This research aims to prove the possibility and performance of developing a 3in1

oil filter socket wrench fitted to 3-size classification of oil filter.

Specifically, the study aims to:

1. Design a 3-in-1 oil filter socket wrench for all types of vehicles

2. Fabricate a 3in1 Oil Filter Socket Wrench;

3. Test the functionality and reliability of the 3in1 Oil Filter Socket Wrench;

and;

4. Evaluate the performance or reliability of the of Oil Filter remover

intended for small, medium and large vehicles.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study focuses on Oil Filter removal for different types and sizes of oil filters.

This is only to be used on oil filters, but only on specific sizes of oil filters. This project

cannot be used as an alternative for the traditional Socket Wrench. It is only designed for

oil filters.
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Chapter 2

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter presents the literature review and related studies which served as the

basis for the development of the project. It also includes the conceptual model of the stud

y and operational definition of terms.

Review of Related Literature and Studies.

Introduction

Oil filters are smooth, cylindrical canisters on the bottom that are hard to grip,

especially when oily. Because of its tightness and difficulty to remove, the use of an oil

filter tool is mainly advised.

Also, oil filters are easily bended and damaged when forcibly removed. Using the

right tool for this is a must to prevent any damage to your oil filter.

TOOL

A tool is a handheld device that helps to perform a task ; something (such as an in

strument or apparatus) used to perform an operation or necessary to perform a profession

or vocation.

It is also defined as any physical item that can be used to attain a goal, particularly if the i

tem is not consumed during the process. Tools used in specific fields or activities may be

designated differently
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e.g. "instrument," "utensil," "implement," "machine," "machine" or "machine." "Equipme

nt" is the set of tools needed to achieve a goal.

Technology is the knowledge of building, obtaining and using tools. It is known

that some animals use simple tools. People's use of stone tools dates back millions of

years. Around 10,000 years ago, more advanced tools such as the bow and arrow began

to be developed. Using tools contributes to human culture and has been key to

civilization's rise.

Oil Filter Wrench

An oil filter clamp is a tool for removing spin oil filters - on type. These filters are

smooth, cylindrical canisters with knurling at the bottom, particularly when oily.

Figure 1.Oil Filter Wrench

Source: https://tinyurl.com/y4s2oc74

The present invention concerns special purpose wrench type tools and, in particul

ar, a tool for applying torque to a canister type oil filter for threaded engagement with and

disengagement from an engine block.

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Most oil filters canister-type have a standardized external configuration in current

use for internal combustion engines. One end of the canister includes a threaded

engagement portion with similar threads on the engine on which the filter is to be used

and is cylindrical from the threaded end for the larger portion of its length. The rest is a

polygonal cross section and the opposite end is essentially flat, which includes the

threads.

Although when installed on or removed from an engine block, the torque applied

to the filter canisters is not unduly large, it is usually larger than the torque that can be

applied manually. Therefore, some mechanism in the nature of a wrench is needed to

apply the required torque. A flexible band that encircles and frictionally involves the

cylindrical body of the canister and a radially extended handle is the most common tool

for installing and removing oil filter canisters in current use.

While such tools are convenient and effective in installing and removing the

canisters, a small amount of hot, dirty oil will usually drain from the engine immediately

after removal of the filter, even though the oil pan has previously been drained. In some

cases, leakage of one or two ounces of oil is irrelevant, but in other instances such

leakage may be objectionable.

This is particularly evident when the engine is mounted on a boat or elsewhere

where an enclosed space can accumulate the oil that leaks out when the filter is removed.

A major object of the present invention is to provide a tool for the installation and

removal of canister type engine oil filters that collect any oil that may leak from the

engine after removal of the filter. In a more general sense, the invention's object is to
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provide a new and improved special purpose wrench for applying torque to an oil filter

canister that is threaded to an engine block.

The tool is a one - piece element in the preferred embodiment which can be made

from molded plastic or the like in a convenient and cost - effective way. It is cup - like in

shape, with internal dimensions currently in widespread use related to the standard

external canister - type oil filter configuration.

The open end of the tool has an inner diameter somewhat larger than that of the

filter body and tapers into a polygonal socket dimensioned to engage the end of the filter

cannister with an external socket configuration.

There is space between the bottom end of the socket and the closed end of the tool

to act as an oil reservoir that leaks from the engine around the sides of the filter cannister

and is therefore received at the outwardly flared top end of the tool.

Outside the lower, closed end of the tool, slots are provided to receive a separate

bar that can be used as a lever arm or handle to apply torque to the tool.

Recalling the drawings now, Fig. 1 Displays an oil filter canister for use on an

internal combustion engine, generally designated by reference number 10, canister 10 is

conventional in all respects and is commercially available in the form shown, one end of

which has internal threads 12 which matt with threads extending from the engine block

for the purpose of mounting the filter canister on it with the threaded end.
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Cylindrical portion 14 is slightly more than three quarters of the length of the

canister and in most standard canister configurations, polygonal portion 16 is slightly less

than one quarter. The lower end 17 of Canister 10 is basically flat. Reference number 18

generally refers to the special purpose tool of the invention. Tool 18 is usually cup-

shaped with 20's open end, 22's closed end and 24's side wall. Tool 18's inner surface

tapers inward from open end 20 for a first portion 26 attached to a second portion 28 of a

cross section corresponding to that of portion 16 of canister The inner diameter of tool 18

at open end 20 is shown in FIG. 2 By dimension D1, and slightly larger than the diameter

D2 of the filter canister cylindrical portion 14. Tool 18 portion 28 forms a socket equal to

or slightly larger than portion 16 of the canister and ends in a stepped shoulder 30.

Thus, when tool 18 is placed over filter canister 10, portion 16 is received in

portion 28, with the lower canister end peripheral portion 17 sitting against shoulder 30,

whereby torque applied to the tool is transmitted to the canister. If desired, a pre-formed

metal insert (not shown), more accurately and rigidly conforming to the canister portion

16 external configuration, may be molded into the canister. Two open slots 38 and 40 are

formed in the outer, lower surface 42 of the lower wall 22. The slots spread across the

bottom wall at 90 ° to each other. As seen in FIG, bar 44 in square. 1, can be placed in

either slot 38 and 40 and held in one hand (which also serves to hold tool 18 in cnnister

10) to exercise the necessary torque on tool 18 and canister 10 as force is applied to the

bar with the other hand. If desired, the outer surface of wall 24 can be formed with flat

sides 46 to allow the use of spanner-type wrenches to apply torque to the tool instead of

bar 44. As shown, or at other positions, it is possible to form flat sides 46 at the lower end

of wall 24.
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From the above, it can be seen that the stated objects of the invention are

accomplished by the illustrated and described embodiment, which provides a special

purpose tool through which standard canister type oil filters can be installed on an engine

and removed without undue leakage or excess oil spillage. At the bottom is shown a

common type of wrench. The chain loop is placed around the filter and the bar is turned

by hand in the anti-clockwise direction until the chain tightly wraps around the filter. The

hexagonal bar is then turned in the same direction by a socket wrench or adjustable

spanner.

Chain type Oil Filter. The chain is wrapped around an oil spin-on filter, turning

the filter to grip and Unwrap the anticlockwise hexagonal bar. Another type uses a metal

band attached to a handle at both ends. The looped band is placed around the filter,

turning the handle in anticlockwise direction, which puts tension on the band, causing the

filter to grip.

Figure 2.Chain type Oil Filter

Source: https://us.misumi-ec.com
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Oil-type strap filter wrench. A ratchet is used to turn it around. Oil-type strap

filter wrench. This is a built-in one-in handle.

A strap wrench designed to remove oil filters specifically. At the end of the

wrench, the strap is retained by a retainer structure so that the strap is readily attached to

the oil filter and can be used to loosen the oil filter with minimal torque applied to the

wrench handle.

Using a ring structure with the one end of the strap, the strap wrench is attached to

the wrench handle. A retainer loop is placed on the wrench handle and the strap passes

through the retainer loop in both ways to form the strap loop that engages the workpiece.

The flat end and corner of the wrench body help prevent the strap from slipping out of

position. The other end of the strap is also positioned in the ring structure to help hold the

strap in the workpiece position.

Figure 3.Strap-type oil-filter wrench

Source: https://tinyurl.com/yyrxofvf

The strap wrench 2 is best shown in Fig. 3. The wrench consists primarily of a

strap 4 and a handle 6 portion. The handle portion consists of a handle member 8 and a
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body member 10 which are usually molded from plastic as an integral unit. The body

member 10 is offset slightly from the longitudinal axis of the handle member 8. The body

member has a flat end 12 at the end of the opposite body where the body member is

connected to the handle member. There is a surface 14 adjacent to this end 12 and on this

flat surface 14 adjacent to the end 12 on the upper part of the body member a retainer

loop structure 16 is mounted. There's a 13 corner at the adjacent end of 12. At the point

where the body member and handle member merge, a groove 18 is provided. This groove

extends across the width of the body member and is just below the flat surface 14 of the

body member. A 20 ring or link structure is placed in the groove. As best shown in Fig. 3,

on one side 21 of it, Ring 20 slipped into groove 18.

In groove 18, two adjacent sides extend parallel to the wrench handle member and

the ring structure side 22 opposite side 21 is placed above the flat surface 14. This side 22

in Fig. 3 Has a strap end attached to it. The one end of the strap is looped around itself

and stitched, welded sonically or fastened in position by other means so that the one end

of the strap wrench is formed into a loop fastening around element 22 and forming a

permanently closed loop due to the stitching, etc.

The remaining portion of the strap 4 is then formed in a large loop 28 and the

opposite end 30 of the strap passes under the stitched looped end of the strap through the

retainer loop structure and passes through the ring structure 20 and out as best shown in

Fig. 3. You can adjust the loop size 28 by pulling the strap at the end 30. When the strap

is tightly pulled around an object, the ring structure 20 pulls down towards the flat

surface 14 and a pinching action occurs at the end of the strap to hold it frictionally
 11

between the flat surface 14 and the closed loop at the opposite end of the strap. When the

strap wrench is in use, it is positioned on an object in such a way that the strap wrench is

pulled in the direction of the arrow 32 which then pushes the flat surface 12 tightly

against the strap 4 and causes the strap to be pulled inside the strap loop 28 at the corner

13. Corner 13 and flat surface 12 compress the loop gap, shortening the length of the

strap and resulting in increased strap tension. Once the strap is in position and used to

loosen or tighten an object, the ring structure 20 has been found to have to be pushed

from the flat surface 14 to release the strap end 30.

The strap wrench described above is very inexpensive to produce as it consists in

principle of three parts. The one part is a very simple molded plastic handle to which the

second part, the ring structure 20, is positioned and then in the FIG loop configuration

these two elements retain a strap structure 4. 1. The strap wrench described above will

provide a very firm, non-slip grip on any object by using the combined action of the ring

structure, the retainer loop structure, the flat surface 12 and corner 13. Especially useful

to place and remove oil filters from cars is the strap wrench described above. A third

common type of wrench uses a metal or plastic cup in the form of a socket. The cup is

placed at the end of the filter, involving the knurling. The filter is then loosened with a

socket or wrench. Volkswagen Group and BMW cars require this type of clamp to

remove their filters (or the filter housing lid that uses a non-cartridge filter).

End cap oil filter wrench: They come in many different sizes and a recessed oil

filter can be used in some cases. Unfortunately, with a really stuck or odd shaped oil

filter, these will just spin. They're not even going to fit with some Fram filters that easily
 12

install the rubber. This heavy duty cast aluminum set of oil filter wrenches makes

changing any filter a piece of cake. The fluted two-step cap fits a wide range of filters and

the built-in ratchet helps you to work in inch small spaces efficiently.

These oil filter wrenches are designed with heavy duty cast aluminum for

durability and for fast identification with permanent markings. Mechanism built inch

ratchet Heavy duty cast aluminum with 3/8 inch permanent markings, 3/4 inch drive.

Figure 4. End cap oil filter wrench

Source: https://www.harborfreight.com
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Figure 5.Oil Filter Pliers

Source: https://tinyurl.com/y2hvp5wy

These oil filter wrenches are designed for durability and quick identification with

permanent markings with heavy duty cast aluminum. Mechanism built inch ratchet

Aluminum heavy duty cast with permanent markings of 3/8 inch, 3/4 inch drive. Oil filter

wrenches or oil filter wrench pinches in the form of a pin with an integral jaw pair of

handles are available on the market. The jaws serve as arcuate components that fit around

a cylindrical oil filter to remove an engine. The oil filter clamps were available in

different sizes depending on the diameter of the cylindrical oil filter to be removed from

the engine. For example, the construction of smaller pliers would make pliers capable of

removing cylindrical or canister type oil filters with a diameter of two (2) to three (3)

inches. Larger diameter filters, such as those with a diameter of three (3) to four (4) inch

cylinders, would be removed by a separately sized pin in which the jaws are larger and

separated further.
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It was recommended that the oil filter wrench pin be convertible or changeable in

order to alter the pivot point associated with the connection between the separate pin-

forming handles so that the oil filter wrench can accommodate large and small cylindrical

oil filters in diameter. It was recommended that the oil filter wrench pin be convertible or

changeable in order to alter the pivot point associated with the connection between the

separate pin-forming handles so that the oil filter wrench can accommodate large and

small cylindrical oil filters in diameter.

Therefore, an improved design for a convertible oil filter wrench was needed to

enable a wide range of cylindrical canister diameters or oil filters to be grabbed. The

present invention, in the main aspect, consists of an oil filter wrench with a pair of

opposite jaws forming each jaw in its entirety with a handle. The handles are pivotally

connected by a pivot pin projecting from one handle through a pivot opening in the other

handle.

The pivot pin opening consists of two separate pin openings which are connected

in such a way that the pivot pin can be positioned to change the pivot axis for the oil filter

wrench pin of the invention in either of the openings. By carefully selecting the handle

length ratio, pivot axis position, integral jaw shape and curvature, and various other

dimensional features, it is possible to provide an oil filter wrench with a wide range of

usefulness.

Another objective of the invention is to provide an improved oil filter wrench pin

consisting of two handles with a substantially identical construction with integral, precise

jaw members and in which the separate handles are engaged to define a pin connected by
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a pivot pin projected from one of the handles by one of a pair of connected openings of

the opposite handle. This means that the handles can be properly spaced to maximize the

manual grip on them and, in turn, maximize the efficiency of the oil filter wrench.

Another invention purpose is to provide an oil filter wrench pin with convertible

connected handles and integral jaws using substantially identical handles and jaws for pin

construction.

Another purpose is to provide a cost-effective, user-friendly, sturdy and durable

oil filter wrench. The following detailed description will outline these and other objects,

benefits and features of the invention. The remaining figures illustrate the improved

wrench or pin of the present invention designed to be useful to remove large-diameter

cylindrical oil filters. In other words, the pliers shown in the remaining figures are useful

to remove the size and dimensional oil filters that the FIGS pliers 1 and 2 can remove.

The present invention's improved oil filter wrench pin enables its wider range of tasks to

be accomplished by virtue of a series of unique features that allow such combination

usefulness. The pliers, for example, include a pivot axis connection that can be changed

or altered by sliding between the first and second positions.

There are also numerous dimensional relationships concerning the construction of

the jaws, the construction of the handles, the length of the handles, the arcuate

dimensions of the jaws, the positioning of the pivot axis. The all-in-combination pivot

axis provides a pin that allows a wide range of oil filters of varying diameters to be used

with the oil filter wrench pin. Hence, the basic construction of the wrench or pinion of the

present invention, referring to the remaining figures, is similar to that of the prior art in
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that the construction has a pin configuration consisting of a first or fixed pivot arm 20

with a manual handle 22 mounted on it with a molded grip 24 slidability. The handle 20

has an external end 26 and an extended run to a pivot pin 28 from the external end 26. As

a continuation of it, a first integrated fixed jaw 30 extends from the handle 20. Jaw 30

defines an accurate, concave curve, including first and second groups of inwardly

projected teeth 32 acting to grip the outer surface of a cylindrical canister or oil filter 34.

The FIG canister oil filter 34. 3 For the purposes of this disclosure, a larger

diameter oil filter 34 is used. The size, D, defines the general diameter of the larger

diameter canister 34. This contrasts with the diameter of a smaller diameter oil filter

adapted to be captured by the diameter-represented pliers construction of the invention,

D/1.5 in Figure. 5.Thus, the range of sizes of oil filter diameters extends at least between

D and D/1.5 in cooperation with the pliers of the invention. Photograph. Fig. 3 Illustrate

the operation of a larger diameter oil filter wrench.

The handle 20 has a dimension in the range of 2D±D/2 from the outer end 26 to

the pivot pin 28, and especially the elongated run 22 of it. The handle 20 is designed in a

plane with the projection of pin 28 to swing or move from that plane. Pin 28 has an

elongated, generally rectangular cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 3 Cooperatively

sliding between pin openings 44, 46 in the second handle or pivoting arm 40. Handle 40

is attached to an integral jaw. The 40 handle and the 42 integral jaw are identical to the

20 handle and the 30 integral jaw. Thus, in the assembly of the pliers of the present

invention, the handles 20 and 40 are inverted with the pivot pin 28 coating with openings

44 and 46 defined in handle 40. A run or slot 48 connects the openings 44 and 46. Thus,
 17

pin 28 may slide between openings 44 and 46 to change handle 20's relative pivot axis

compared to handle 40 and jaw 30 compared to jaw 42.

As mentioned above, the jaw 30 and thus the jaw 42 define a concave arcuate

gripping member. The curvature radius of this member is in the range of D/2±0.25 D.

The arcuate magnitude of the jaw 30 as well as the jaw 42 is preferably higher than πD/4.

As mentioned above, the pin 28 fits in one of the 44 or 46 openings to make an action

like pliers or pivoting. For this purpose, the openings 44 and 46 define pin 28 pivoting

centers and are spaced at a distance of D/6±D/18 from each other. This allows the pin 28

to be mounted and positioned in the opening 46 so that the jaws 30 and 42 can grip a

cylindrical oil filter with a diameter, D, efficiently and effectively. This spacing is the

average spacing in the region between the 20, 40 handles along their length, that is, the

spacing in the region defined in the Figures as the gripping region 5.

Similarly, the 30 and 42 jaws are positioned around a D/1.5 diameter cylinder

when pin 28 is engaged as shown in FIG.4 in the opening 44 and the 20 and 40 handle

spacing is D/2±D/8 again. This spacing of the 20, 40 handles makes it possible to

manually grip the 20, 40 handles and to rotate easily and effectively a cylindrical oil

filter. If not necessary, it is appropriate to keep this spacing as uniform as possible

regardless of the size of the cylindrical canister used for twisting or turning the

cylindrical oil filter more efficiently. Thus a mechanical advantage is achieved and the

device's operating facility is maintained when the 20, 40 handles are at a substantially

uniform distance and maintained at such a uniform. The invention's construction can be

varied without going beyond its true scope. For example, the arrangement of the teeth on
 18

the precise jaws may vary. The shape of the handles may vary or be slightly altered to

allow some curvatures to facilitate the operation of the pliers.

Cloth strap wrenches are used to remove large oil filters in the style of the

cartridge and remove the cover from filters. These also do a wonderful job of removing

the normal filter without damage. Slip the strap and turn until the slack gets out. Then

you can turn the filter / cover loose by using a ratchet wrench or breaker bar. 12 Inch

strap Wrench, Non-Marring nylon belt prevents finished surfaces from scratching and

damaging, strap length: 36

Figure 6 .Cloth strap Wrench

Source: https://www.apexinds.coms
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Conceptual Model of the Study

In this study, the input refers to the information and ideas from the other

unpublished materials. Supplies and materials for the construction of the project, tools

and equipment used to construct the project, funds, materials, and labor were also in the

input of the study.

The output of the study is the “DEVELOPMENT OF AN OIL FILTER

REMOVER DESIGNED FOR SMALL, MEDIUM, AND LARGE VEHICLES”. The

study used the Input-Process-Output model.

The Input shows about the needed requirements for Knowledge, Training, and

Auto Servicing. It tackles about the software requirements; Windows 10, MS Word, Ms

Ppt, Auto Cad, and Sketchup. It also tackles about the Hardware materials needed like

cutting tools, cutting machine and welding machine.

The process shows the needed analysis, the design of the project, and the

development fabrication of the project. It also tackles about the testing of our study and

the implementation with it.

After all the process that has been made by the Researchers the result or Output is

The Oil Filter Remover Designed For Small, Medium, And Large Vehicles. The

Researchers come up to an idea of implementing the said project as the requirement for

the Degree.

Based on the above concepts, theories and findings related to literature, studies

and insights taken from them, a conceptual model of the study was developed as shown

below.
 20

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Knowledge  Analysis
Requirements  Design
 Development
a. Training Fabrication Special Service Tool:
 Testing and 3in1 Oil Filter
b. Auto Servicing
Implementation Socket Wrench
Software Requirements

a. Windows 10
b. MS WORD
c. MS PPT
d. Auto Cad 2015
e. Sketchup 2015

Hardware Requirements

 Cutting
tools/machine
 Welding
Machine

Evaluation
EVALUATIO
Figure 7.Conceptual Model of the Study
N
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Operational Definition of Terms

Oil - A viscous petroleum - derived liquid for use as a fuel or lubricant in particular.

Filter - A porous device passed through a liquid or gas to remove impurities or solid

particles.

Oil Filter – A filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil, transmission oil,

lubricating oil or hydraulic oil, gas turbine engines such as those on engine aircraft also

require the use of oil filters.

Socket – A natural or artificial hollow in which something fits or resolves.

Wrench – A tool consisting of a handle with one end for holding, twisting, or turning an

object (such as bolt and nut).

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Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter represents the design and development of the project. Procedure for operatio

n and testing, and the evaluation procedure.

Project Design

This prototype composed of different kinds of materials and parts that are affordable

and durable from its creation.

The 3in1 Oil Filter Socket Wrench is a tool that can lessen the difficulty of a

technician or student in servicing a unit/vehicle. This project improves the productivity of

the students or technician in terms of loosening and tightening an oil filter from a vehicle.

Figure 8.Isometric View of the Prototype

Auto Cad 2015/Sketchup 2015
 23

Operating and Testing Procedure

1. Turn off the engine of the car.

2. Drain the oil from the engine.

3. Use "Oil Filter Socket" to remove the oil filter.

4. Use a Rachet or Power Handle to remove it as well as using the common socket

used by the mechanics.

5. In replacing a new oil filter again use the "Oil Filter Socket" to ensure that the

placement is tight or the fixture is correct to prevent leakage from the oil filter.

6. Use only the "Oil Filter Socket" when you need to change the car's oil and the oil

filter just use this project.

7. If the space in removing the oil filter is too small, use a threaded tube in order to

proceed in loosening or tightening the oil filter from the vehicle.

 24

Chapter 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the structure, capacity and limitations of the project,

project evaluation, and discussion obtained in the project's final evaluation.

Project Description

The Oil Filter remover for small, medium and large vehicles is used for ins

pection work where the area to be inspected is accessible or inaccessible by other

means, such as time consuming, which may require destructive. It has been design

ed for industries like the automotive industry.

Figure 9. Exploded Diagram of Oil Filter Remover

 25

Project Structure

Below is a sample of illustration found in the project structure discussions.

The devices were designed for troubleshooting and it allows the technician or user

to easily see, analyze and examine the parts.

A Power Handle is a device consisting of a bar or wheel with a set of angled

teeth that involves a pawl, cog, or tooth, allowing movement in just one direction.

Figure 10 Power Handle

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Capabilities and Limitation of the Project

Due to its precise size and effectiveness, the tool is easy to use, operate and read when re

moving and tightening different oil filter sizes. The remover of the oil filter is also very h

elpful for technicians as it can save time and effort in changing oil filters.

Project Evaluation Results

The performance assessment of the developed prototype was based on the six criteria gen

erated in reference to the evaluation instrument formulated by the TUP, namely; Features,

Uniqueness, Quality, Safety, Market Economy, and Testing.

Results of the evaluation carried out revealed that the experts and end users gave

it a "Very Acceptable" rating, with an overall average of 3.75 Among the five criteria incl

uded in the instrument, Uniqueness obtained the highest average score of 3.99 with Testi

ng coming second in the rank having a mean score of 3.91.Next in line is the Safety with

a mean of 3.80. The criteria for Quality got the lowest mean score of 3.49. Please refer

to the table below for details.

Table 5 Summary of Evaluation Results

CRITERIA MEAN DESCRIPTIVE

RATING

A. Features 3.78 Very Acceptable

B. Uniqueness 3.99 Very Acceptable

 27

C. QUALITY 3.49 Very Acceptable

D. SAFETY 3.80 Very Acceptable

E. MARKET 3.53 Very Acceptable

ECONOMY

F. TESTING 3.91 Very Acceptable

Overall Mean 3.75 Very Acceptable

The experts gave Uniqueness the highest mean score because it was originally

made and designed for this device. The device itself can read the warning from the voice

alarm. Among the indicators of Uniqueness, Originality of the design got the highest

score from the experts. Moreover, in the indicators of Safety, the absence of poisonous

substances got the highest score.

The drivers who are the project's end users also gave Uniqueness the highest score

with the 4.00 average score. That means they're all satisfied with the project's uniqueness

.
 28

Summary of the evaluation of the six criteria as presented below:

1. The evaluators ranked “Very Acceptable” with an average mean of 3.78. This

shows a futuristic and advanced prototype.

2. The evaluators rated “Very Acceptable” prototype on the uniqueness. The results

showed that a mean score of 3.99 was rated for the design’s creativity and originality.

3. On the quality, the evaluators agreed that because of the quality of the materials

used, the prototype is not that good in terms of engineering. The experts rated the 3.49

average score.

4. The device’s features were evaluated at an average of 3.80 because of its design,

which does not bring harm users. The evaluators agreed that the devices are meant to help

vehicle owners in taking care of their vehicle and safety.

5. The evaluators rated the prototype Very Acceptable on the design’s market

economy because of the technology used by the researchers rated at an average of 3.53.

6. The evaluators rated it an average of 3.9 on Testing Procedure. For the

researchers, the score was very high because the researchers believe the device needs

more testing.

7. The prototype was rated Very Acceptable with an overall score 3.75 showing that

evaluators like automotive professionals, automotive experts and drivers were satisfied

with the project’s outcome.

 29

Chapter 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents a summary of the evaluator panel's findings, conclusions

and recommendations based on the evaluation, comments and suggestions.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The following findings are available in this study based on the results of an evaluation.

1. Features. The respondents rated the average mean of 3.78 for the oil filter remover,

which means Very Acceptable due to the durability of the work, quality of life and

multifunction of the product.

2. Uniqueness. The respondents rated the prototype an average mean of 3.99 which

means Very Acceptable because of originality of the design, construction of the

materials, and creativity of the work.

3. Quality. The respondents rated the prototype an average mean of 3.49 which means

Very Acceptable because of the product material used, maintenance and reliability.

4. Safety. The respondents rated the prototype an average mean of 3.80 which means a

Very Acceptable because it is more efficient to use.

5. Market Economy. The respondents rated the prototype an average mean of 3.53 which

means a Very Acceptable because of the market economy in labors spent, in terms of

materials need and in terms of resource allocation.

6. Testing. The respondents rated the prototype an average mean of 3.91 which means

Very Acceptable because of the design, multiple trial and in completeness.

 30

7. Based on the evaluation conducted, the Features, Uniqueness, Quality, Safety, Market

Economy and the Testing has been rated overall by the respondents with an average mean

of 3.75 which means very acceptable, therefore, the prototype is safe.

CONCLUSIONS

Regarding the objectives of the project study and outcomes of assessments, the

accompanying conclusions are determined:

1. The Oil filter remover intended for small, medium, and large vehicle is well

designed.

2. The prototype was developed using affordable but high-quality materials.

3. The prototype was tested under the criteria of Time, Safety and Efficiency.

4. The prototype was rated with an average of 3.75 meaning a “Very Acceptable”

based on the evaluation results.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the project study results, the following are suggested:

1. Further research on how to improve the project with other units should be carried

out.

2. The prototype is registered with the patent office to protect the proponents’

intellectual property rights.

3. The prototype body can be converted into smaller body to be compact and

portable when used in other vehicles.

4. Improvement on the quality of the parts of the prototype will prolong the shelf-

life of the tool

 31

5. The prototype is budget friendly.

 32

REFERENCES
 33

REFERENCES

Gearwrench (2006) Figure of oil filter wrench Retrieved from

https://www.gearwrench.com/oil-filter-wrenches
Ross K, (2015) Retrieved from https://www.autozone.com/shop-and-
garage-tools/oil-filter-wrench
Sparks, Maryland (2001) Retrieved from
http://www.gearwrench.com/auto-specialty/oil-filter-wrenches
Fishgarden (2008) Oil Filter Wrench Retrieved from
https://www.amazon.com/Shankly-Removes-Filters-Ranging-
Diameter/dp/B071JJ97NS

Misumi-ec (2008) Chain-type oil-filter wrench Retrieved from

https://us.misumi-ec.com
Grainger (2007) Strap-type oil-filter wrench Retrieved from
https://www.amazon.com/ATD-5208-Strap-Type-Filter-
Wrench/dp/B000OUZBTQ
Akhtar, Kabir (2007) End cap oil filter wrench Retrieved from
https://www.harborfreight.com

Brett, Milano (2006) Oil Filter Pliers Retrieved from

https://www.amazon.com/TEKTON-5866-12-Inch-Filter-
Pliers/dp/B000NPR33O
Baca, Ricardo (2006,September8). Reverb,9/01:Tool". The Denver
Post. Retrieved from https://en.Tool's bag of post-metal.com

Merriam Webster, Incorporated, (2018) Retrieved from

https://merrieam-webster.com/dictionary/oil filter

Oil Filter Handle (2015) Retrieved from https://

ffx.co.uk/UK0021204/sliding-bar/00014410&&

Oil Case (2010) Retrieved from https://shapeways.com/oil-case/oil-

master

Kory Grow (2017) Tool and A Perfect Circle – Pitchfork Retrieved

from

https://www. pitchfork.com.
 34

The Family Handyman (1951) Oil Filter Removal Retrieved from

https://www.familyhandyman.com/automotive/diy-oil-change/how-to-
remove-a-stubborn-oil-filter/

Blake, Blair MacKenzie (2005) Retrieved from

https://www.amazon.com/GearWrench-Tools-3253-Filter-
Wrench/dp/B0002SR4AY

China Factory (2006) oil filter machines Retrieved from

http://www.rotarypleatingmachine.com/Products/?gclid=EAIaIQobCh
MIpZmljuiw4QIVTwQqCh27CgcZEAAYASAAEgK0EfD_BwE

Garza, Janis (2007) Retrieved from https://www.amazon.com/Titan-

Tools-21315-Strap-Wrench/dp/B00TU3UNW8
 35

APPENDIXES
 36

Appendix A

Evaluation Procedure

Table 2

Likert Scale Descriptive Rating

Numerical Scale Descriptive

4.51- 5.00 Excellent/ Highly Acceptable

3.51- 4.50 Very Good / Very Acceptable

2.51- 3.50 Good / Acceptable

1.51- 2.50 Fair / Fairly Acceptable

1.00 – 1.50 Poor / Not Acceptable

Table 3

Rating Scale of Interpreting the Evaluation Results

Numerical Scale Descriptive

4.51- 5.00 Excellent/ Highly Acceptable

3.51- 4.50 Very Good / Very Acceptable

2.51- 3.50 Good / Acceptable

1.51- 2.50 Fair / Fairly Acceptable

1.00 – 1.50 Poor / Not Acceptable

 37

Appendix B

MATERIALS USED

QUANTITY UNIT MATERIALS UNIT COST TOTAL

4 Meter Stainless Steel 400.00 400.00

1 Piece Power Handle 300.00 400.00

1 Set Machine Shop 2000.00 3000.00

Fee

TOTAL: 3800.00
 38

Appendix C

GANTT CHART

Activities November December January

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Planning and

Designing

Canvassing

Preparation of

Materials

Construction of

Project Design

Testing and

Evaluation

Documentation
 39

Appendix D

SAMPLE QUESTIONARE

DEVELOPMENT OF SERVICE SPECIAL TOOL: OIL FILTER WRENCH

Evaluator’s name: Profession:

Criteria 1 2 3 4 5

A.Functionally

1. User-friendliness

2.Ease if Operation

B.Aesthetics

C.Workability

1.Availability of materials

D. Durability

1. Quality of Material

2. Quality of Design

E. Economy
1.Economy in terms of
materials
2.Economy in terms of
time/labor spent
 40

Appendix E

OIL FILTER REMOVER INTENDED FOR SMALL,

MEDIUM AND LARGE VEHICLE

(Project Name)

Numerical Ratings Equivalent

5 Highly Acceptable/Excellent

4 Very Acceptable/Very Good

3 Acceptable/Good

2 Moderately Acceptable/Fair

1 Not Acceptable/Poor

INDICATOR 1 2 3 4 5

A. Features

 Durability of work

 Quality in life

 Multifunctional of the product

B. Uniqueness

 Originality of the design

 Construction of the materials

 Creativity of the work

 41

C. Quality

 Product material used

 Product maintenance

 Product reliability

D. Safety

 Eliminate ignition sources

 Absence of poisonous substance

 Material handling equipment

E. Market Economy

 Market economy in terms of labor spent

 Market economy in terms of material needs

 Market economy in terms of resource allocation

F. Testing

 Execute intended design

 Execute in multiple trial

 Execute in completeness

Remarks and Suggestion

 42

Appendix F

CORRESPONDENCE

Republic of the Philippines

Technological University of the Philippines
College of Industrial Technology

Evaluator’s Name: ______________________________ Date: _________________

Company/Position: ______________________________ Department: ____________
Dear Ma’am and Sir,
We are students of Bachelor of Technology program major in Automotive
Engineering Technology at the Technological University of the Philippines A.Y. 2018 –
2019
Is regard, we would like to seek your kind assistance in evaluating our project
titled ‘’Development of Oil Filter Remover intended for small, medium and large
vehicle’’
We are looking forward for your utmost assistance. Thank you very much.

Respectfully yours,

Hanz Spencer B. Garcia

Joseph Diego M. Luna

Kristianne Gil DC. Martija

Arvin G. Nacario

Luis Paolo A. Sy
 43

Appendix G

PROFILE RESPONDENT

Respondent Name Company/Institute Position/Designation

No.

1 James Harill Laydea GenDiesel Phil. Supervisor

2 Marlon Layda GenDiesel Phil. Technician

3 Marhjime Laderas GenDiesel Phil. Leadman

4 Vincent Hodrial GenDiesel Phil. Technician

5 Mark Fortunado GenDiesel Phil. Technician

6 Tony Mike Martinez Pandacan/Escoda Toda Driver

7 Leonard Naviamos Pandacan/Escoda Toda Driver

8 Elmer Gueta Pandacan/Escoda Toda Driver

9 Prof. Edgardo Dula Technological University Professor

of the Philippines

10 Prof. Eduardo Technological University Professor

Fernandez of the Philippines

11 Prof. Arnulfo Technological University Professor

Bongato of the Philippines

12 Prof. Rickilino Technological University Professor

Areglado of the Philippines
 44

Appendix H

TOTAL BAGETARY REQUIREMENTS

Material Cost

Item Qty. Unit Specification Unit Prize Total

No Prize

1 10 Pc Oil Filter Remover Set 2,000 2,000

2 1 Pc Power Handle 250 300

TOTAL Php 2,300

Appendix I

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Tools

1. Grinder

2. Grinding disk

3. Welding rod

4. Welding machine
 45

Appendix J

USER’S MANUAL

CAUTIONS:

1. Never get under a vehicle supported only by a jack.

2. Oil may be hot.

INSTALLING:

1. Insert the oil filter wrench to the oil filter cap.

2. Loosen the oil filter or oil filter cap with oil filter wrench, and allow the oil to
drain from the oil filter.
3. Remove the oil filter. Check to make sure the filter gasket has come off with the
filter. If it's still clinging to the engine mounting plate, remove it and any
remaining residue.

OPERATIONS TO USE:

1. Park vehicle on level surface, engage parking brake and turn off engine. If
necessary, raise front of vehicle by driving it onto a ramp or by jacking it up and
supporting it with jack stands. 2. Open the hood.
2. Locate the engine oil dipstick and remove (helps the oil flow when draining).
3. Once the vehicle is safely and securely supported, put on safety glasses, crawl
under the vehicle and locate the engine’s oil pan.
4. Locate the oil drain plug, which is a long bolt head at the bottom of the pan. The
drain plug allows the oil to drain out of the pan. Position a container, such as an
approved oil catch pan, under the drain plug. Make sure the catch pan is large
 46

enough to hold the volume of oil expected to drain out of the engine. Check your
owner’s manual for the volume of oil that your car requires.
5. Loosen the drain plug using a box-end wrench or 6-pt. socket. Carefully remove
the plug by hands, making sure the catch pan is underneath the plug hole. Oil will
flow rapidly from the hole, but allow several minutes for all old oil to drain out.
6. Wipe the oil pan threads and oil drain plug with a rag, and visually inspect the
condition of the oil pan and oil drain plug threads and gasket. Buy a replacement
drain plug if you have any concerns about the condition of the plug. Replace the
drain plug gasket if needed (some OEMs recommend this). Once the oil is
finished draining, reinstall the oil drain plug and tighten with the correct box-end
wrench or 6-pt. socket to the manufacturer-specified torque.
7. Locate the oil filter. If the old and new oil filters are not the same, double-check
the application to be sure you have the correct filter.
8. Position an oil catch pan under oil filter to catch any residual oil remaining inside
filter.
9. Loosen the oil filter or oil filter cap with oil filter wrench, and allow the oil to
drain from the oil filter.
10. Remove the oil filter. Check to make sure the filter gasket has come off with the
filter. If it's still clinging to the engine mounting plate, remove it and any
remaining residue.
11. Place a light coating of new oil on the gasket of the new oil filter so it will install
smoothly onto the engine. By hand, install the new oil filter onto the engine by
turning in a clockwise direction. Once the oil filter gasket first contacts the
mounting plate gasket surface, tighten the filter according to the directions for
your application (usually found on the new oil filter or oil filter box), preferably
by hand. Generally, this is three-quarters to one full turn after the filter gasket
contacts the engine.
12. Under the hood, remove the oil fill cap and pour in the correct amount of motor
oil of the correct viscosity with a funnel.
13. Replace the oil fill cap.
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14. Start the engine and run at idle for minimum of 30 seconds. Carefully inspect
under the vehicle for oil leaks (especially by oil drain plug and oil filter). If leaks
are visible, shut off the engine immediately and have the leaks repaired.
15. Shut off the engine and allow 30 seconds for oil to settle in the engine. Carefully
inspect the area beneath the vehicle for oil leaks.
16. Safely lower the vehicle to level ground.
17. Install and remove oil dipstick and check for proper oil level, adding more oil if
necessary.
 48

Appendix I

CERTIFICATE OF SIMILARITY INDEX USING TURNITIN

 49

CURRICULUM VITAE

OF RESEACHERS