“Construction and Analysis of Blower-Type Wind Tunnel”

This report is submitted to Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University

in partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the award of the degree
of

Bachelor of Engineering in Aeronautical Engineering

by

1. Amit Tembhurnikar 5. Ravi Naphade

2. Arnav Gajbhiye 6. Sadhana Singh
3. Himanshu Swami 7. Suraj Singh
4. Nikhil Tembhurne 8. Vritti Paikra
9. Ziaushams Khan

under the guidance of

Asst. Prof. Sandeep Patil

DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

Lokmanya Tilak Jankalyan Shikshan Santha’s

PRIYADARSHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

(An institution affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur)

NAGPUR – 440019

2016 – 2017
 Lokmanya Tilak Jankalyan Shikshan Santha’s

PRIYADARSHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

(An institution affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur)

NAGPUR – 440019

2016 – 2017

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

Certified that the project report entitled “Construction and Analysis of Blower-Type Wind
Tunnel” has been successfully completed by

Mr. Amit Tembhurnikar

Mr. Arnav Gajbhiye
Mr. Himanshu Swami
Mr. Nikhil Tembhurne
Mr. Ravi Naphade
Ms. Sadhana Singh
Mr. Suraj Singh
Ms. Vritti Paikra
Mr. Ziaushams Khan

under the guidance of Asst. Prof. SANDEEP PATIL is recognition to the partial fulfilment for the
award of the degree by Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University in Aeronautical
Engineering.

Asst. Prof. SANDEEP PATIL

(Guide)

Dr. P. B. Khope Dr. M. P. Singh

HoD, Aero. Engg. Principal

i
 DECLARATION

We certify that

a. He work constrained in this project has been done by us under the guidance of our
supervisor.
b. The work has not been submitted to any other institute for any degree or diploma.
c. We have followed the guidelines provided by the Institute in preparing the project report.
d. We have conformed to the norms and guidelines given in the Ethical Code of Conduct of
the Institute.
e. Whenever we have used materials (data, theoretical analysis, figures and text) from other
sources, we have given due credit to them by citing them in the text of the report and giving
their details in the reference. Further, we have taken the permission from the copyright
owners of the sources, whenever necessary.

Roll No. Name of Student Signature

850 Amit Tembhurnikar
813 Arnav Gajbhiye
839 Himanshu Swami
841 Nikhil Tembhurne
834 Ravi Naphade
847 Sadhana Singh
855 Suraj Singh
822 Vritti Paika
857 Ziaushams Khan

ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With deep esteem and profound respect, we wish to acknowledge our

Guide Asst. Prof. Sandeep Patil sincere regards for the valuable guidance we received from him
through formal information, discussion and inspiration.

We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to Dr. P. B. Khope, Head of Aeronautical
Department, and other faculty members for the encouragement and inspiration they provided
during the tenure of this project.

We would also like to thank our Principal, Dr. M. P. Singh, for providing us to avail all the facilities
we required for the successful completion of the project.

Last but not the least we offer our heartfelt thanks to teaching staff as well as non – teaching staff
for their support in our endeavor.

iii
 Priyadarshini College of Engineering Nagpur

Aeronautical Engineering Department

CERTIFICATE

This is to be verified that

Mr. Amit Tembhurnikar

Mr. Arnav Gajbhiye
Mr. Himanshu Swami
Mr. Nikhil Tembhurne
Mr. Ravi Naphade
Ms. Sadhana Singh
Mr. Suraj Singh
Ms. Vritti Paikra
Mr. Ziaushams Khan

students of eight semester B. E. (Aeronautical Engineering) submitted synopsis of their

dissertation work on “Construction and Analysis of Blower-type Wind Tunnel” under my
supervision and guidance in Aeronautical Engineering Department, Priyadarshini College of
Engineering, Nagpur (Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur) during the
session of 2016-2017.

It is submitted to be the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the degree of graduate
B. E. (Aeronautical Engineering) in the faculty of Engineering and Technology. This work in the
same form is submitted to any other university for the award of the any degree or diploma.

Asst. Prof. Sandeep Patil

(Guide)

iv
 CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

Certificate of Approval i

Declaration ii

Acknowledgement iii

Certificate iv

Contents v

List of Figures vii

List of tables x

Abstract xi

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Motivation 1

1.2 Historical Background 1

1.3 Types of Wind Tunnel 4

1.3.1 Based on Flow speed 4

1.3.2 Based on Shape 5

2 Literature Review 8

3 Theoretical Studies 12

3.1 Basic Formulae’s 12

3.2 Components of Wind Tunnel 13

4 Catia Models 21

5 Mathematical Calculations 26

6 Fabrication 36

v
7 Computational Results 40

7.1 Flow Visualization 58

8 Conclusion 67

9 Future scope 68

Bibliography

vi
 List of Figures

Figure No. Title Page No .

1.3(a) Open-type Wind Tunnel 6

1.3(b) Closed-type Wind Tunnel 7
3.1 Manometer 15
3.2 Pitot Tube 16
3.3 Anemometer 17
3.4 Smoke Generator 18
3.5 3 phase Motor 19
3.6 Specification of motor 19
3.7 Variable speed controller 20
4.1 Catia model of Blower type Wind Tunnel 21
4.2 Schematic view of Blower wind tunnel 22
4.3 2D Airfoil of NACA 23012 23
4.4 3D Airfoil of NACA 23012 23
4.5 Motor Cowling 24
4.6 Diffuser 24
4.7 Settling Chamber 25
4.8 Contraction Tube 25
6.1 Fabricated Diffuser 36
6.2(a) Side view of airfoil 37
6.2(b) Top view of airfoil 37
6.3 Fabricated Wind Tunnel 38
6.4 Fabricated Contraction tube 38
6.5 Test section 39
6.6 Convergent section 39
7.1 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 0 46
angle of attack with 10 m/s velocity

vii
7.2 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 46
attack with 10 m/s velocity
7.3 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 47
attack with 12 m/s velocity

7.4 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 47

attack with 12 m/s velocity

7.5 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 48

attack with 13.5 m/s velocity

7.6 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 48

attack with 13.5 m/s velocity

7.7 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 49

attack with 15 m/s velocity

7.8 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 0 angle of 49

attack with 15 m/s velocity
7.9 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 50

attack with 10 m/s velocity

7.10 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 50

attack with 10 m/s velocity
7.11 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 51
attack with 12 m/s velocity
7.12 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 51

attack with 12 m/s velocity

7.13 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 52

attack with 13.5 m/s velocity

viii
7.14 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 52
attack with 13.5 m/s velocity
7.15 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 53
attack with 15 m/s
7.16 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 5 angle of 53
attack with 15 m/s velocity
7.17 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 54

attack with 10 m/s

7.18 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 54

attack with 10 m/s velocity

7.19 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 55

attack with 12 m/s velocity
7.20 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 55

attack with 12 m/s velocity

7.21 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 56

attack with 13.5 m/s

7.22 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 56

attack with 13.5 m/s velocity
7.23 Velocity contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 57
attack with 15 m/s velocity
7.24 Pressure contour over Airfoil at 10 angle of 57
attack with 15 m/s velocity
7.1.1 Flow visualization by smoke generator over 61
airfoil at some angle of attack
7.1.2 Flow visualization by smoke generator over 61
airfoil at 0 angle of attack

ix
 List of Tables

Tables No. Title Page No .

7.1 and at different velocity and different 44

angle of attack

7.2.1 Constant angle of attack at 0 at experimental 62

velocity of 10m/s , 12m/s and 13.5 m/s

7.2.2 Constant angle of attack at 5 at experimental 63

velocity of 10m/s , 12m/s and 13.5 m/s

7.2.3 Constant angle of attack at 10 at experimental 65

velocity of 10m/s , 12m/s and 13.5 m/s

x
Abstract

A wind tunnel is an essential tool in engineering, both for model tests and basic research. This tool
produces an artificial airflow relative to stationary body to measure the aerodynamic forces and
pressure distribution. The wind tunnel plays vital role in aeronautical, civil and automobile
industry. The flow field evaluation confirmed that the tunnel is suitable not only for educational.
For easy of changing the working section the exit diffuser is often omitted from open circuit blower
tunnels at the cost of power factor greater than unity. The airflow in this tunnel is modeled using
computer-aided simulation software Fluent.

The theoretical ideal experimental conditions have been created on this model and made the
simulation of the flow through the tunnel. The simulation results were interpreted and the
necessary improvements were defined.

This project describes analysis of design and fabrication of Blower type Wind Tunnel. The wind
tunnel has a test section of cross section of 110mm*35mm*35mm. The flow profiles are examined
using Pitot tube. A NACA 23012 as tested and its analysis was done using Fluent.

To keep up with the pace of current times, it’s essential that the project is cost effective and
efficient. The project is also designed in such a way that it can be helpful to coming generations.

xi
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW
 CHAPTER 3

THEORETICAL STUDIES
CHAPTER 4

CATIA MODELS
 CHAPTER 5

MATHEMATICAL CALCULATIONS
CHAPTER 6

FABRICATION
 CHAPTER 7

COMPUTATIONAL RESULTS
CHAPTER 8

CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 9

FUTURE SCOPE
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

 R.D. Mehta and P. Bradshaw, Design rules for small low speed Wind Tunnels, The
Aeronautical Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (1979).
 Jewel B Barlow and Alan Pope, Low speed Wind Tunnel testing (1999).
 Lindgren B and Johansson A.V, Design and evaluation of a low speed Wind Tunnel with
Expanding Corners (2002).
 Watmuff, J.H, Wind Tunnel Contraction Design (1986).
 Worthey, Subsonic Wind Tunnels (2006).
 Nathan Tatman, Wind Tunnel Design and Operation, a thesis paper submitted for
undergraduate degree (2008).
 Pankhurst, R.C & Holder D, Wind Tunnel Technique (1952).
 Mansi Singh, Neha Singh and Sunil Kumar Yadav, Review of design and construction of
an open circuit low speed wind tunnel.
 Craig A. Zehrung, comparative analysis of low speed wind tunnel designed for renewable
energy applications.
 R. Ramkissoon and K. Mahohar, Design and calibration of low speed wind tunnel.
 Kubesh, R. J., and Allie, B. W. A wind tunnel for undergraduate laboratory. (2009).
 Alan Pope ,Wind tunnel testing. New York, New York: John Wiley and Sons,
Incorporated.(1954)