HAWASSA UNIVERSITY INSTISTUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

School of Electrical & Computer

Engineering
Post graduate program in Control & Instrumentation Engineering

Course title: Advanced control laboratory

Lab Report

Title: PLC control of 4 pumps and Traffic lights

Submitted by ID No.
YESHIWAS FETENE ………………………………... PGConR/009/10

Submitted to: Mr. Yeshitla

Submitted on: March 22/2019 G.C.
Hawassa, Ethiopia
 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

Table of Contents page

Lab 1: Control of Four Pump ..................................................................................................... 2

1) Objective: ........................................................................................................................ 2
2) Problem Setup: ................................................................................................................ 2
3) Procedures ....................................................................................................................... 2
4) Input output assignment .................................................................................................. 2
5) Result ............................................................................................................................... 4
6) Conclusion:...................................................................................................................... 7
Lab 2: Control of traffic lights in cross roads ............................................................................ 8
1) Objective: ........................................................................................................................ 8
2) Problem Setup ................................................................................................................. 8
3) Theory ............................................................................................................................. 8
4) Input output assignment .................................................................................................. 8
5) Design.............................................................................................................................. 9
6) Result:............................................................................................................................ 13
7) Conclusion:.................................................................................................................... 14

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

Lab 1: Control of Four Pump

1) Objective:
✓ To design a plc Function block diagram for controlling 4 pumps with power constraint of
8Kw.
✓ To understand FBD in Logo software

2) Problem Setup:

Figure 1: Pump control illustrative diagram

Each tank has two sensors one to indicate full state the other to indicate empty state.

3) Procedures
To accomplish this design task the following procedures will be important.

Software used: LOGO!Soft Comfort V8.2

4) Input output assignment

Table 1. Input output assignment

Inputs Address Output Address

S1 I 0.0 P1 Q 0.0
S2 I 0.1 P2 Q 0.1

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

S3 I 0.2 P3 Q 0.2
S4 I 0.3 P4 Q 0.3
S5 I 0.4
S6 I 0.5

Design: The following are FBD design using LOGO!Soft Comfort V8.2

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

5) Result
Simulating the designed program for different combinations of inputs (level float sensors) using
logo software we can observe the following.

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

CASE ONE: When all pumps are empty.

In this case all bottom sensors S5-S8 becomes active so that they are in high logic state. As we
can observe from the results above pump 1 and pump 2 are on since it is better to fill two tanks
than single tank and hence the only choices are pumps 1 and 2.

CASE TWO: Pump 1 is filled while the remaining are not

In this case pump2 and pump 3 are now pumping .

CASE THREE: Pump 1 and pump 2 are filled while pump 3 and pump 4 are not.

In this case no change is observed since we are asking beyond power

CASE FOUR: Pump 1, pump 2 and pump 3 are filled while pump 4 not.

CASE FIVE: All pumps are filled.

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

CASE SIX: Pump 1 goes empty while others are still full.

CASE SEVEN: Pump 1 and pump 2 goes empty while pump 3 and pump 4 are full.

CASE EIGHT: Pump 3 goes empty while pump 1 and pump 2 are in filling process.

CASE NINE: After a while pump 1 fills and pump 3 starts filling while pump 2 is being filled.

CASE TEN: Pump 4 goes empty while pump 2 and pump 3 are being filled.

CASE ELEVEN: Pump 1, pump 2 and pump 3 became full and pump 4 is still empty

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

In this way we can check any possible combinations.

6) Conclusion:
In this lab practice controlling of 4 pumps is implemented. Each tank has two sensors one at the
bottom and one at the up level. The power constraint is 8kw. Beyond this power if there is a need
Pumping request from the system there will no response. But, if all tanks request for pumping our
system selects two possible tanks that can be operated with this power constraint, pump1 and
pump2 in this case, are going to be filled.

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

Lab 2: Control of traffic lights in cross roads

1) Objective:
✓ To understand the structure and operation of PLC Function block diagrams
✓ To understand how to make the interfacing to the PLC
✓ To design a program that works in a cross-road traffic light.

2) Problem Setup

Figure 2. Traffic lights configuration

3) Theory
Red: -This indicates that traffic must stop behind the line. It is compulsory for all road
users to do so.
Red and yellow: - This combination of bulbs indicates that the lights are about to change
to green, and gives drivers time to release their handbrake and prepare to drive
off as soon as they are allowed to do so.
Green: -This indicates that traffic can pass through the junction, provided that it is safe
condition.
Yellow: - When only yellow glows alone, it is indicating red is going to be glow.

4) Input output assignment

Table 2. Input output assignment for traffic light

Software used: LOGO!Soft Comfort V8.2

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

Inputs Address output address

Start I0.0 Q1(red1) Q0.0
Stop I0.1 Q2(yellow1) Q0.1
Q3(green1) Q0.2
Q4(red2) Q0.3
Q5(yellow2) Q0.4
Q6(yellow2) Q0.5

Time elapsed for each traffic light:

In this practice the time each light will glow for is according to the following sequence.

✓ Red lights in both lines are on for 20 seconds

✓ Yellow lights in both lines are on for 5 seconds
✓ Green lights in both lines are on for 15 seconds

5) Design
The following are designs of the problem with S5 IBM

segment 1 segment 3

segment 2 segment 4

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

segment 5 segment 10

segment 11
segment 6

segment 12
segment 7

segment 8 segment 13

segment 9

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

The above programs made in s5 is not able to run because of software problems to check
functionality of my design I used the following programs in LOGO!Soft Comfort V8.2.

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PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

6) Result:
After simulating using logo function block diagram.t S5 software is unable to run because of
license. The following results are from logo FBD.

CASE ONE: When start push button is pressed the first time.

In this case Q1(Red1) of line 1 and Q6 (Green2) of line 2 shown in figure 2 are ON indicating
that cars in line 1 must stop and it is safe time to cars in line 2 to pass. This phenomenon stays
for 15 seconds.

CASE TWO: After 15 seconds

In this case Q1(Red1) and Q2(Yellow1) of line 1 and Q5(Yellow2) of line 2 shown in figure 2 are
ON indicating that the lights in line 1 are about to change to green, and this informs drivers to
release their handbrake and prepare to drive off as soon as they are allowed to do so and informs
drivers in line 2 that red is going to be glow so that they should slow down.

CASE THREE: 5 seconds later after case two

In this case Q3(Green1) of line 1 and Q4 (Red2) of line 2 shown in figure 2 are on indicating that
cars in line 2 must stop and it is safe time to cars in line 1 to pass. This phenomenon stays for 15
seconds.

CASE FOUR: 10 seconds later after case three.

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 PLC Control of 4 pumps and Traffic Lights

In this case Q4(Red2) and Q5(Yellow2) of line 2 and Q2(Yellow1) of line 1 shown in figure 2 are
ON indicating that the lights in line 2 are about to change to green, and this informs drivers in line
2 to release their handbrake and prepare to drive off as soon as they are allowed to do so and
informs drivers in line 1 that red is going to be glow so that they should slow down.

CASE FIVE: 15 seconds later after case four:

This case is similar to case 1 and continues this way until stop button is pressed or simulation is
stopped.

7) Conclusion:
The PLC program done in this lab practice mainly used for controlling traffic light in cross roads.
Each road is controlled by one traffic light (i.e. Red, Yellow, green). When the pushbutton is
pressed the first time it operates in case one and continues to the remaining cycles with the help of
timers. The timers are on delay and configured accordingly. This practice helps to get better
understanding of timer operation function block design of plc programs.

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