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Emergency Healthcare
Puja Ghosal Shalini Singh Debanjan Das
Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology Department of Information Technology
Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology Meghnad Saha Institute of Technology
Kolkata, India Kolkata, India Kolkata , India
pujaghosal2000@gmail.com shalini70396@gmail.com debanjandas23@gmail.com
Abstract— In case of crucial medical emergency a huge the two. The flight of UAVs may operate with various ways
number of individuals suffer majorly or even die on a daily of autonomy either under remote operator control by a
basis due to the time lag taken by the Ambulance human or autonomously by onboard computers by artificial
administration to reach the accident/emergency site. This intelligence.
occurs because of traffic jams, road blockage in the city, or
The more the number of motors and propellers, the most
unavailability of ambulance. However it is possible to reduce
this healthcare problem situation. A model of an Unmanned thrust it can make. So the best decision to utilize is the quad
Ariel Vehicle (UAV) or an ambulance drone, which can reach copter as the framework involves four brushless direct
the deadly cases quicker than any ordinary rescue vehicle, current engines (BLDC) which are utilized alongside the
which spares time and likewise measures the distinctive propellers to give them the essential push [1]. A 2200 milli-
wellbeing parameters utilizing its estimating gadgets. At the ampere hour (mAh) electrical storage gadget controls the
point when a telephone call is given to the emergency number, automaton. The automaton all around furnished with a
the administrator tracks the area and sends the UAV with patient observing framework is intended to travel to an
required immediate first aid to the location. The healthcare accident or emergency zone and it is utilized to control the
drone enters the emergency scene and continuous instructions
situation there [2]. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have
are given by the administrator. The UAV comprises of a small
framework which includes various sensors which can be regularly been used for remote sensing and aerial imagery
helpfully joined to the casualty body and the essential collection, but there are new opportunities to use drones for
parameters is estimated and it is instantly sent to the rescue medical emergencies 3. The different sensors that we use in
vehicle and to the control room or nearby hospital utilizing our model are a Temperature sensor, ECG sensor, Heart rate
worldwide situating framework and ZIGBEE. The specific monitor. ECG sensor is utilized to decide the rate and
outcome helps the paramedics and additionally the specialists periodicity of heartbeats and furthermore the presence of
to assess the circumstance easily with better symptomatic and any mutilation to the heart [3]. The temperature sensor is
remedial decisions. In this manner, the objective is to build up utilized to distinguish the patient body temperature.
a generally useful therapeutic toolbox that can be flown to any
Utilization of ZIGBEE or a SIM card module is
emergency circumstance and it is utilized to give the real-time
circumstance results to the rescue vehicle and the clinic group fundamentally used for the transmission of information
so they will be prepared to serve to the requirements of the gathered from the emergency area. ZIGBEE can
patients. This model backs the standard ambulances instead of communicate information expanded regions. The system of
supplanting the ordinary emergency vehicle. ZIGBEE proposed is to be less difficult and more affordable
than a Wi-Fi and a Bluetooth.
Keywords—ambulance drone, raspberry pi 3, ECG sensor, The information about the existing ambulance system is
Arduino Nano given below.
It is a small sensor on which if someone’s finger is kept for Here Raspberry Pi’s own camera module i.e., PiCam NOIR
few seconds it can detect that person’s pulse rate. It consists 8MP low light camera is used. It is capable of taking images
of a green led and a detector like a light detecting resistor or and videos quiet fast and it stores them in the Pi’s secondary
a photodiode. Some of the light is absorbed and the storage device.
remaining is reflected. This reflected light is detected by the
photodiode, the amount of light absorbed depends on the
G. Arduino Nano
volume of blood present. The sensor output is in electrical
signal form and is proportional to the person’s pulse rate.
ECG stands for Electrocardiogram; it is used to measure the It is a very commonly used development board which uses
electrical activity of heart. The ECG signals are very noisy Atmel Atmega328p microcontroller which has 2Kb SRAM
hence here AD8232 sensor is used to get the activity of the and 32Kb flash storage. Required code has to be written in
heart in a smooth waveform. Here three electrodes are used Arduino ide and the code has to be uploaded in the board
to obtain the signals. Out of the three electrodes the red one and then it can be used. The ECG, Pulse rate monitor and
is attached in right arm, yellow one in left arm and green temperature sensors are controlled by Arduino Nano and
one in left leg. then data is sent to Raspberry Pi.
E. Temperature Sensor H. Quadcopter
F. Camera Module
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT
This prototype is developed in order to alert the victim’s
condition to the doctors in the hospital and to the
paramedics in normal ambulance using microcontrollers and
microprocessors [5]. The measured parameters details will
be sent to them using quadcopter technology before the
normal ambulance arrives. The mini patient monitoring
system embedded with the quadcopter will reach the
scenario and it will measure the victim’s heart rate, ECG
values, and temperature and respiration rate. The quadcopter
will reach the accident scenario by tracking the location
using Global Positioning System (GPS). The real time
condition of the patient detail will be sent to the hospital and
to the ambulance using GSM technology [6]. The proposed
model can be used by drone companies, healthcare
companies, government organizations for attending serious
medical cases faster and improving the overall ambulance
system.
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