Africa

Africa[edit]
Birth of
Most recent
current
Acquisition of significant
Country Date form of Date Date
sovereignty territorial
governm
modification
ent
Algeria gains
French recognition sovereignty over
Adoption of of Algerian the entire
July 3,
Algeria 1963 the present referendum on July 5, 1962 Algerian
1962
constitution. independence held territory upon
two days earlier independence
from France.
November Independence from

Angola 1975
11, 1975 Portugal
Borders of
French
Protectorate of
August 1, Independence from January 15, Dahomey set at
Benin 1960 France 1894 conclusion
of Second
Franco-
Dahomean War
Establishment of
March 31, the Bechuanaland
1885 Protectorate by the
United Kingdom
Extended north
Botswana 1894
into Ngamiland
September Independence from

30, 1966 the United Kingdom
Burkina Faso Self-government September 4, Restoration of

achieved and 1947 colonial
December
republic within boundaries used
11, 1958
Franco-African from 1919–1932
Community
August 5, Independence from

Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
1960 France
Monarchy
November July 1, Independence from
Burundi replaced by
28, 1966 1962 Belgium
republic
July 5, Independence from

Cape Verde
1975 Portugal
Merger of part
January 1, Independence from October 1, of British
Cameroon 1960 France 1961 Cameroons with
Cameroon
Monarchy
Central African September August 13, Independence from
replaced by
Republic 21, 1979 1960 France
republic
Aouzou
August 11, Independence from February 3,
Chad Strip awarded to
1960 France 1997
Chad

Comoros
1975 France declared
Congo Free
April 22,
State recognized as
1884
an independent state
Congo, June 30,
Democratic Republic 1960
of the
June 30, Independence from
1960 Belgium
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
Congo, August 15, Independence from

Republic of the 1960 France
Autonomous
December republic
4, 1958 within French
Community
Ivory Coast

1960 France

Djibouti 1977 France
Equatorial October Independence from

Guinea 12, 1968 Spain
Badme ruled to
be Eritrean by
the Eritrea–
Ethiopia
Independence Boundary
Eritrea May 24,
from Ethiopiadeclar April 1, 2002 Commission
1993
ed (EEBC after
the Eritrean–
Ethiopian War).
Contested by
Ethiopia
Ethiopia March 21, Monarchy 980 BC Formation of the April 1, 2002 Badme ruled to
1975 abolished state of D'mt be Eritrean by
and the Eritrea–
replaced by Ethiopia
republic Boundary
Commission
(EEBC after
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
the Eritrean–
Ethiopian War).
Contested by
Ethiopia

Gabon 1960 France
February Independence from

Gambia 18, 1965 the United Kingdom
Union of British
March 6, Independence from December
Ghana Togoland with G
1957 the United Kingdom 13, 1956
old Coast
October 2, Independence from

Guinea 1958 France

24, 1973 Portugal declared
Guinea-Bissau

10, 1974 Portugal recognized
December Independence from

Kenya 12, 1963 the United Kingdom
Lesotho October 4, Independence from March 12, Area that is now

1966 the United Kingdom 1868 present-day
Lesotho placed
under British
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
rule
Independence
Current
Liberia July 26, from American January 6,
constitution
1847 Colonization 1986
came into effect
Society
Independence
from UN
Council of Trusteeship (British Aouzou
Libya August 4, December February 13,
Deputies ta and French Strip awarded to
2014 24, 1951 1984
kes power.[2] administration after Chad.
Italian governance
ends in 1947)
The Malagasy
Republic was
October created as
14, 1958 autonomous state
within French
Community
Madagascar
France recognizes
June 26,
Madagascar's
1960
independence

Malawi 1964 the United Kingdom
Mali November French Sudan gains August 20, Senegal secedes

25, 1958 autonomy 1960 from Mali
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent

Federation
22, 1960 France
Mauritania
withdraws
November Independence from August 11, from Tiris al-
Mauritania 28, 1960 France 1979 Gharbiyya (part
of Western
Sahara)
Separation
March 12, Independence from
Mauritius 1965 of Chagos
1968 the United Kingdom
Archipelago
Enthroneme Internationally
February 5, nt of Idris November Protectorate January 4, recognized :
789 I in Volubili 18, 1955 abolished 1969 Return of Ifni to
s Morocco
Morocco
Disputed, de
Enthroneme factounder
nt of Al- Return of Spanish Moroccan control :
April 7, Completion of
1666 Rashid ibn Morocco to April 1987
1956 the Moroccan
Sharif in Fe Morocco
z Wall in Western
Sahara

Mozambique 1975 Portugal
Walvis
March 21, Independence from March 1,
Namibia Bay integrated
1990 South African rule 1997
into Namibia
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
Autonomy
December
within French
4, 1958
Community
Niger

1960 France
Biafra re-
January 15,
integrated into
1970
Nigeria
Nigeria October 1, Independence from

Northern
June 1, 1961 Cameroons integ
rated in Nigeria

Rwanda 1962 Belgium
São Tomé and July 12, Independence from

Príncipe 1975 Portugal

Senegal 1960 France
Seychelles June 29, Independence from

April 27, Independence from

Sierra Leone 1961 the United Kingdom
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
Union of Trust
Territory of Somaliland decla
Federal
Somalia (former Ital res
Government May 18,
August 20, July 1, ian Somaliland) independence,
Somalia of 1991 (dispute
2012 1960 and State of but is not
Somalia est d)
Somaliland (formerl recognized by
ablished.[3]
y British any UN state.
Somaliland)
Statute of
Westminster, which
establishes a status
of legislative
December
equality between the
11, 1931
self-governing
dominion of
the Union of South Reincorporation
Africa and the UK of the nominally
May 31, Republic April 27, independent bant
South Africa 1961 declared 1997 ustans into post-
apartheid South
Creation of the Africa
autonomous Union
of South Africa from
May 31, the previously
1910 separate colonies of
the Cape, Natal, Tra
nsvaal and Orange
River
South
Sudanese
Separation
South Sudan July 9, independen July 9,
of Southern
2011 ce 2011
Sudan from Sudan
referendum,
2011
Sudan April 15, First January 1, Independence July 9, 2011 South

2010 democratic 1956 from Egyptian and Sudan secedes
election sin British joint rule from Sudan
ce
the Second
Sudanese
Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
Civil War
Constitution
February 8, September Independence from
Swaziland of
2006 6, 1968 the United Kingdom
Swaziland
Amendment
to Constituti
Merger
on of Independence
July 1, December April 26, of Zanzibar with
Tanzania Tanzania en of Tanganyika from
1991 9, 1961 1964 Tanganyika to
ds status the United Kingdom
form Tanzania
as one-party
state
August 30, Autonomy

1958 within French Union
Togo
April 27, Independence from

1960 France
Constitution
of
January 26, Tunisia foll March 20, Independence from
Tunisia 2014 owing 1956 France
the Tunisian
Revolution
March 1, Self-government
1962 granted
Uganda
October 9, Independence from

Birth of
Most recent
current
governm
modification
ent
October Independence from

Zambia 24, 1964 the United Kingdom
Unilateral
Robert November declaration of
Mugabe rev 11, 1965 independence by So
ises BSAC
uthern Rhodesia
the Constitu separates North-
Zimbabwe December tion of Eastern
1901
22, 1987 Zimbabwe t Rhodesia from
o create Southern
Recognized
an executive Rhodesia
April 18, independence from
presidency. 1980 the United Kingdom
[4]
as Zimbabwe
The Americas[edit]
Birth of Date of most

Date of
current recent
acquisition
Country Date form of Date Date significant
of
governmen territorial
sovereignty
t modification
Independence
Antigua and November from the
Barbuda 1, 1981 United
Kingdom
May
May 25, Revolution inst
1810 alls first local
The government
current Consti
May 1, October 18, Conquest of the
Argentina tution of
1853 1884 Desert
Argentina ente
rs in force Argentine
Declaration of
July 9, 1816
Independence f
rom Spain.
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
Internal self-
January 7,
governance
1964
granted
Bahamas
Independence
July 10, from the
1973 United
Kingdom
Independence
November from the
Barbados 30, 1966 United
Kingdom
Independence
September from the
21, 1981 United Treaty establishes
Kingdom border
Belize 1859 between British
Honduras and Gua
temala
January 1, Self-governing
1964 colony
Signing of
the Treaty of
Petrópolis with
Bolivian War
Brazil whereby
May 25, August 6, of November
Bolivia Bolivia gained
1809 1825 Independence f 11, 1903
lands in Mato
rom Spain.
Grosso in
exchange for the
territory of Acre
Brazil November Proclamation September Independence November Signing of

15, 1889 of the 7, 1822 from Portugal 11, 1903 the Treaty of
Republic declared Petrópolis with Bo
livia whereby
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
Brazil was given

Independence the territory
August 29,
recognized of Acre in
1825
by Portugal exchange for lands
in Mato Grosso
Granted
nominal
July 1, 1867 independence
Dominion of (Dominion stat Dominion of
Canada Canada us) March 31, Newfoundland joi
July 1, 1867
established as 1949 ns as the province
a federation of Newfoundland
December Statute of
11, 1931 Westminster
Independence
February
Amendment t declared from
12, 1818
o Spain
Chile
the Constitutio
August 17, July 3, awarded Arica dist
Chile n of
1989 1929 rict in Treaty of
Chile ends
Lima
the military Independence
April 25,
dictatorship recognized by
1844
Spain
Costa
September Rica declared
15, 1821 independence
from Spain
November Constitution July 25,

Costa Rica Partido de Nicoya
7, 1949 of Costa Rica 1824
Independence
from Federal
November
Republic of
15, 1838
Central
America
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
Several wars
were declared
against Spain
from 1868 to
1898, ending
October 10,
with the
1898
military
support of
USA to the
Cuban
Revolution.
Cuba January 1, Cuban

Spain loses the
1959 Revolution
war against
United States
December and the
10, 1898 military
occupation of
Cuba by USA
begins.
United States
May 20, military
1902 occupation
ends[5]
Became
an associated
February
state of the
27, 1967
United
Kingdom
Dominica November Constitution
3, 1978 of Dominica
Independence
November from the
3, 1978 United
Kingdom
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
The Dominican
February Republic gains
Civilian consti
Independence from Haiti
tution of the
from Spain
Dominican
Dominican November March 3, following
Republic follo
Republic 28, 1966 1865 the Dominican
wing
Restoration Haiti and the
the Dominican
War Dominican
Civil War.[6] May 9,
Republic sign a
1936
treaty setting a
definitive border.
Independence
from Spain
May 24, of Gran
1822 Colombia, of
which Ecuador
Rio Protocol ends
August 10, is a part February
Ecuador border dispute
1809 26, 1942
with Peru
Dissolution
May 13,
of Gran
1830
Colombia
El Salvador El Salvador
becomes
province
in First
September
Mexican
15, 1821
Empire, which
declared
independence
from Spain
July 1, 1823 El Salvador

becomes a
state of Federal
Republic of
Central
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
America
Dissolution of
the Federal
Republic of
February Central
18, 1841 America, El
Salvador
becomes
independent
Associated
February state of the
27, 1967 United
Kingdom
Grenada
Full
independence
February 7,
from the
1974
United
Kingdom
Guatemala Guatemala
becomes state
in Federal
Republic of
September
Central
15, 1821
America,
which declared
independence
from Spain
April 17, Independence

1839 from Federal
Republic of
Central
America declar
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
ed
Independence
May 26, from the
Guyana
1966 United
Kingdom
The Dominican
February Republic gains
The
from Haiti
French colony
Constitution
Saint-
of January 1,
Haiti March 1987 Domingue gai
1987 (superse 1804
ns
ded) Haiti and the
independence
Dominican
as Haiti May 9,
Republic sign a
1936
treaty setting a
definitive border.
Honduras
becomes state
in Federal
Republic of
September
Central
15, 1821
America,
which declared Swan
independence Islands returned to
Honduras September
from Spain Honduras from
1, 1972
United States
occupation
Independence
from Federal
October 26,
Republic of
1838
Central
America
Jamaica August 6, Independence

from the
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
United
1962
Kingdom
Independence
September
from Spain
16, 1810
declared
Constitution December
Mexico 1917 Gadsden Purchase
of Mexico 30, 1853
Declaration of
September Independence
27, 1821 of the Mexican
Empire
Nicaragua
becomes state
in Federal
Republic of
September
Central
15, 1821
America,
which declared
independence
Nicaragua from Spain
Independence
from Federal
November
Republic of
5, 1838
Central
America
Sovereignty
of Panama Canal
November Independence December
Panama Zone transferred to
3, 1903 from Colombia 31, 1999
Panama from the
United States
Paraguay June 1992 Democratic C May 14, Independence 1938 Paraguay awarded
onstitution of from Spain a large portion of
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
the Gran Chaco as

Paraguay 1811 declared a result of
the Chaco War
Independence
July 28,
from Spain
1821
declared
Rio Protocol ends
February
Peru border dispute
26, 1942
with Ecuador
Independence
1879 from Spain
recognized
Associated
February state of the
27, 1967 United
Kingdom
Anguilla separated
Saint Kitts and December from Saint
Nevis 19, 1980 Christopher-
Nevis-Anguilla
Independence
September from the
19, 1983 United
Kingdom
February Associated
27, 1967 statehood
Saint Lucia
Independence
February from the
22, 1979 United
Kingdom
Saint Vincent October 27, Associated

1969 statehood
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
Independence
October 27, from the
and the Grenadines
1979 United
Kingdom
Self-
December
government
15, 1954
granted
Suriname
Independence
November
from
25, 1975
Netherlands
Independence
Trinidad and August 31, from the
Tobago 1962 United
Kingdom
United States
Independence territory:
from Great August 21, Territory of
July 4, 1776
Britain declare 1959 Hawaii joins as the
Ratification of
d state of Hawaii
the United
States
Constitution r
eplaced the
United States September Insular area:
previous Artic
17, 1787 The United States
les of
Confederation cedes Serrana
Independence Bank and Roncado
creating a new September from Great September
system of r Bank to
3, 1783 Britain recogni 7, 1981 the Republic of
government zed Colombia as a
result of a treaty
signed in 1972
Uruguay December Uruguayan August 25, Independence

8, 1996 constitutional 1825 from Empire
referendum, of
Date of
current recent
acquisition
of
sovereignty
t modification
Brazil declared
, joined in
union
with United
Provinces of
the River
Plate (current
Argentina).
1996
Treaty of
Montevideo si
gned,
August 27,
recognizing
1828
Uruguay's
independence
by Brazil
Independence
April 19,
from
1810[7]
Spain declared
Venezuela
Dissolution
January 13,
of Gran
1830
Colombia
Asia[edit]
Date of
Birth of Date of most recent
acquisition
Country Date current form Date Date significant territorial
of
of government modification
sovereignty
3200–
Constitution of Durand-Line
2700
Afghanis January Afghanistan establ 1747 Durrrani- through Pashtunistan,
BCE: Part 1893
tan 26, 2004 ishes Islamic Empire because of the Durand-
of Proto-
Republic Treaty
Elamite
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
End of treaties
August July 1, Portuguese conquest of
Bahrain with the United
15, 1971 1521 current territory
Kingdom
De
Novembe
jure:Constitution
r 4, 1972
of Bangladesh
Independence
Banglade March July 31, India and Bangladesh
from Pakistan
sh De facto: First 26, 1971 2015 exchange exclaves
declared
general
February election since
27, 1991 restoration
of parliamentary
democracy.
Ugyen
First elections to Wangchuck end Novembe
March
Bhutan the National 1885 s period of civil r 11, Treaty of Sinchula
24, 2008
Assembly war and unites 1865
Bhutan
Septemb De
er 29, jure: Constitution
1959 of Brunei
Brunei regains
its independence
Brunei De facto: Martial January after an August Kingdom of
law declared 1, 1984 agreement with 18, 1841 Sarawak founded
during the Brunei the British on 4
Decembe
Revolt, January 1979
r 12,
suspending
1962
democratic
elections
indefinitely.
Cambodi Septemb Constitution of Septembe France grants

er 21, Cambodia r 9, 1953 Cambodia
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
independence
Becomes free
from Vietnames
a 1993
e occupation; it
Septembe gets back its
r 26, 1989 name instead of
the People's
Republic of
Kampuchea
Establishment of
the People's
Beginning of
October Republic of China October Tajikistan ceded to China
China 1800 BC the Shang
1, 1949 (PRC) as 6, 2011 1158 square kilometers
dynasty
the Chinese Civil
War nears its end
De
January
jure:Constitution
26, 1950
of India
Independence
August July 31, India and Bangladesh
India from British
15, 1947 2015 exchange exclaves
De facto: The end Empire
of The
March
Emergency restore
21, 1977
s democratic
elections
Signing of the Treaty of

Turkmenchay, whereby the
Iranian
territories that nowadays
Revolution ends 3200–2700
February February constitute Armenia, Azerbaij
Iran monarchism and 3200 BC BCE: Part of
11, 1979 22, 1828 an (the remaining part which
establishes an Proto-Elamite
hadn't been lost by
Islamic Republic
the Treaty of Gulistan (1813)
and Igdir are ceded to Russia
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
Constitution of
October October Kingdom of February
Iraq Iraq following Kuwait liberated.[8]
15, 2005 3, 1932 Iraq 28, 1991
the Iraq War[8]
Democratic state
Independence
of Israel. Reading Septemb Completion of Israel's
May 14, May 14, from the British
Israel of the Declaration er 12, unilateral disengagement
1948 1948 Mandate of
of Independence 2005 from the Gaza Strip
Palestine
of Israel
Coming into force

of the
current Constitutio Victory
Return of the Ryukyu
n of Japan, of Emperor
660 BC ( Islands to Japan and
May 3, whereby Jimmu, and the May 15,
Japan Tradition abolition of the United
1947 the emperor was capital 1972
al) States Civil Administration
deprived of his established
of the Ryukyu Islands
powers and a in Yamato.
liberal democracy
was established
January Constitution of
1, 1952 Jordan Signing of the Israel–Jordan
End of Treaty of Peace, whereby
Jordan May 25, the British October most of the disputed 400
1946 Mandate for 26, 1997 square-kilometer area in
The Cabinet of Palestine the Arabah was handed back
June 12,
Jordan is made an to Jordan
2011
elected body[9]
North Kim Il- Septembe Declaration of July 27, Cease-fire in the Korean
Korea sung declared Pre r 9, 1948 creation of 1953 War creates the southern
Septemb mier of North North Korea border along the Military
er 9, Korea, Demarcation Line
1948 establishing the
still-ruling Kim
dynasty.
Decembe Constitution of
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
North
Korea replaces Co
r 25, mmunism with Ju
1972 che as North
Korea's governing
philosophy.[10]
August First Republic of

15, 1948 Korea established Korean monarch
establishes
kingdom over Cease-fire in the Korean
South north Korean July 27, War creates the northern
676
Korea Current Sixth peninsula and 1953 border along the Military
Republic of South southern Demarcation Line
October
Korea founded, Manchuria
29, 1987
ending military (Silla)
rule
Novembe End Decembe

Kuwait Constitution of February Formal division of Saudi-
r 11, of Iraqi occupati r 18,
Kuwait 28, 1991 Kuwaiti neutral zone
1962 on (Gulf War) 1969
Constitution of
Independence
Kyrgyzst June 10, Kyrgyzstan introd August Decembe Establishment of the Kirghiz
from the Soviet
an 2010 uces parliamentar 31, 1991 r 5, 1936 SSR
Union[11]
y system.
Decembe October Independence

Laos Lao PDR formed
r 2, 1975 22, 1953 from France
Lebanon May 23, Lebanese Independence Septemb France establishes State of

Novembe
1926 Republic formed from France er 1, Greater Lebanon with
r 26, 1941
declared 1920 current boundaries
Novembe Independence
r 22, 1943 from France
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
recognized
Malayan
Independence[14]
from the United
August Kingdom was
31, 1957 declared
in Dataran
Merdeka (Indep
endence Square)
Septemb
Malaysia Formation of August 9, Singapore expelled from the
er 16,
Malaysia[12][13] 1965 Federation of Malaysia[15][16][17]
1963 Malaysia was
formed by the
federation
of North
Septembe Borneo, Sarawa
r 16, 1963 k and Singapore
with the existing
States of
the Federation
of Malaya.[12][18]
Novembe Independence
Declaration of July 26,
Maldives r 11, from the United
Republic 1965
1968 Kingdom
Xiongnu Empire
209 BC
formed
Constitution of
Mongolia declares
Mongolia February
the country
12, 1992 Proclamation of
a parliamentary
Mongolian
democracy. Decembe
independence
r 29, 1911
from Manchu's
Qing Dynasty
Myanma March The military January Myanmar 1956 Signing of border treaty with
r 30, 2011 junta is replaced 4, 1948 (Burma) the People's Republic of
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
declares
by an elected independence
China
government from the British
Empire
May 28, Formation of Decembe Nepali Decembe Sugauli Treaty ends

Nepal 2008 Republic r 21, 1768 unification r 2, 1815 the Gurkha War
Beginning of
the Al
June 10, Said dynasty,
1749 current absolute
monarchical line
Oman January Expulsion of the Decembe
of Oman. Gwadar sold to Pakistan
26, 1650 Portuguese r 8, 1958
Basic Law of
1996
Oman
De facto: Province of East

Pakistan dissolved following
Decembe
the surrender of
r 16,
the Pakistani Army at the
1971
end of the Bangladesh
Liberation War
Independence
August Constitution of August from British
Pakistan 14, 1973 Pakistan 14, 1947 India in the
Partition De jure: Recognition by
Pakistan of Bangladesh as an
independent country,
February
whereby Pakistan definitely
22, 1974
surrenders claims over the
former province of East
Pakistan
Philippin Novembe The Commonweal June 12, The evolving 1930[23][24] Under a 1930 maritime
es [a] r 30, th of the 1898 revolutionary boundary treaty[25] between
Philippines was movement in the United States and the
established the United Kingdom seven
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
Philippines decl
ares itself
independent
from
the Spanish
Empire.[19][20][21]
islands in the Turtle

The United Islands group and the two
States islands of the Mangsee
recognises Islands group were
independence demarcated as forming part
through provisions under the of the Philippine
1935 of the Tydings– provisions of Archipelago, U.S. territory
McDuffie Act. the Treaty of at the time. Administration
Manila (1946). of those islands was
The 1935 transferred by the United
July 4, Constitution re Kingdom to the Republic of
1946 mained in effect the Philippines on 16
until 1973, October 1947.[26]
when
the Marcos regi
me promulgated
a new a newer
one, in turn
replaced by the
present 1987
Constitution.
Independence
Qatar Septembe
from the United
r 3, 1971
Kingdom
Kingdom of
Regions of Al-
Nejd and Hejaz
Septemb Hasa, Qatif, Nejd
Saudi May 20, recognized as June 12, Border with Yemen finalized
er 23, and Hejaz unified
Arabia 1927 independent 2000 by Treaty of Jeddah (2000)
1932 to become Saudi
in Treaty of
Arabia
Jeddah (1927)
Singapor August 9, Singapore ceased June 3, Self- August 9, Establishment of Singapore

to be a state of 1959 government as an independent sovereign
Malaysia under the state[17]
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
United
Kingdom
e 1965[15] 1965
separate from
August 9,
and independent
1965
of Malaysia[15][16]
De jure: The Kandyan

February
Kingdom is annexed
14, 1815
by British Ceylon
Sri Independence
May 22, Constitution of Sri February
from United
Lanka 1972 Lanka 4, 1948
Kingdom De facto: The Sri Lankan
government regains control
May 18,
of the whole island
2009
following the end of the Sri
Lankan Civil War.
Lebanon declares
End of
February Constitution of Septembe Novembe independence from
Syria the United Arab
27, 2012 Syria[27] r 28, 1961 r 8, 1941 the French Mandate for
Republic
Syria and the Lebanon[27]
Republic of
After the Xinhai
China governme
Taiwan Revolution the Decembe Withdrawal of the Republic
October nt moved to February
(Republic of Republic of China r 7, of China from the Dachen
10, 1911 Taiwan after 25, 1955
China) formally replaced 1949[28] Archipelago
the Chinese
the Qing Dynasty
Civil War[29]
Tajikista Independence
Septembe Decembe Establishment of the Tajik
from the Soviet
n r 9, 1991 r 5, 1929 SSR
Union[11]
Thailand May 22, 2014 interim Novembe Expulsion of March Anglo-Siamese Treaty of
constitution of Burmese and
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
Thailand followin
reunification of
2014 g 2014 Thai coup r 6, 1767 10, 1909 1909
Thailand
d'état
East Timor
declares its
independence
Novembe
but was
r 28, 1975
suppressed by
the Indonesian
invasion
Timor- May 20, Constitution of The borders of Portuguese

Independence 1914
Leste 2002 East Timor Timor are agreed.[30]
was recognized
by the
international
community
May 20,
following
2002
the UN-
sponsored act of
self-
determination of
1999
Septemb Independence
Turkmen Constitution of October August 7, Establishment of
er 28, from the Soviet
istan Turkmenistan 27, 1991 1921 the Turkmen SSR
2008 Union[11]
End of treaty
United Decembe relationship February Ras al-Khaimah joins the
Arab Emirates r 2, 1971 with the United 11, 1972 UAE
Kingdom
Independence
Uzbekist August from the Soviet October Establishment of the Uzbek
an 31, 1991 Union 24, 1924 SSR
declared[11]
Date of
acquisition
of
sovereignty
Decembe North
r 31, Vietnam declared
1959 a socialist republic
Reunification of North
withdrawal of
Septembe July 2, Vietnam and South
Vietnam the Japanese
r 2, 1945 1976 Vietnam as Socialist
after WWII
Current Constituti Republic of Vietnam
January on of the Socialist
1, 2014 Republic of
Vietnam
Unification
May 22, of North May 22, Unification of North
Yemen 1990 Yemen and Sout 1990 Yemen and South Yemen
h Yemen
Table notes
1. Jump up^ Philippines: For some clarification and more detail, see Timeline of Philippine
Sovereignty.
Europe[edit]
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
Country Date form of Date acquisition of Date
territorial
governme sovereignty
modification
nt
Albania April 29, Socialist Principality of 1945 Occupied Kosovo,

1991 People's Arbër was west Macedonia and
Republic of 1190 c. established border region of
Albania was by archon Progo Montenegro returned
replaced by n. to Yugoslavia
the Republic
of Albania.
November 28, Declaration of

1912 independence
from Ottoman
Empire
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Albanian state re-

November 28, established after
1944 Italian/German
occupation
Reversal of
annexation of The Andorra–France
Current Const
Andorra by border is adjusted to
April 28, itution of August 28,
Andorra 1813 the Napoleonic allow Andorra to
1993 Andorra enter 2001
Empire, through construct the Envalira
ed force
the Peninsular Tunnel access bridge
war
Austrian
Independence
Treaty re-
May 15, 1955
established
Austria as a
sovereign state
Privilegium
Declaration of City of Sopron, and 8
Minus:
Novembe the Republic December 14, other towns moved to
Austria Sovereignty
r 12, 1918 of German- 1921 Hungary
September 17, from Duchy of
Austria after plebiscite
1156 Bavaria as a
Duchy of
the Holy Roman
Empire
Proclamation of
August 11,
the Austrian
1804
Empire
Belarus Novembe Constitutional July 27, 1990 Declaration of 1945 Curzon Line
r 28, 1996 amendment a State Sovereignty
bolishes of the Belarusian
the Supreme Soviet Socialist
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Republic
Soviet and
establishes
the National
Independence
Assembly August 25,
recognized by
1991
Soviet Union[11]
Belgian proper:
Treaty of
King Leopold June 28, 1919 Versailles and
I of annexation of
Belgium swea the East Cantons
Independence
rs allegiance
was proclaimed
July 21, to the October 4,
Belgium by the
1831 constitution 1830
provisonial
making the Belgian colonial empire:
government Ruanda-Urundi decla
country
a constitution res independence and
July 1, 1962 split within two
al monarchy
countries: Rwanda an
d Burundi.
Bosnia Establishment of SR
Independence Formation of
March 3, November 25, Bosnia in Socialist
and declared from 1154 the Banate of
1992 1943 Federal Republic of
Herzegovina the SFRY Bosnia
Yugoslavia
Bulgaria Novembe People's Formation of Old September 7, Under

632
r 10, 1989 Republic of Great Bulgaria 1940 the First and Second
Bulgaria was Vienna
replaced by Awards, Southern
the Republic Dobruja was returned
of Bulgaria First Bulgarian to Kingdom of
681
Empire formed Bulgaria
1185 Second
Bulgarian
Empire formed
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Autonomy
within Ottoman
Empire recognize
July 13, 1878
d internationally
by the Treaty of
Berlin
Independence
September 22,
from Ottoman
1908
Empire
First Croatian
626 c.
duke Porga
Annexation of most
Independence of Istria to SR
Croatia October February 10,
from SFR Croatia as a result of
8, 1991 1947
Yugoslavia Formation signing the 1947
of Kingdom of Paris Peace Treaties
925
Croatia by King
Tomislav
Dissolution of
Czechoslovak
ia, Independence
Czech January 1,
creating Czec 895 from Great
Republic 1993
h Moravia
Republic and
Slovakia
Denmark June 5, Constitutional 935 (Or prior) The Jelling Denmark proper:
1953 Act of stones, a pair of Sønderjylland was
June 15, 1920 recovered from
Denmark rune stones
considered to be Germany.[31]
the "birth
certificate" of
Denmark reads:
"King Haraldr June 17, 1944 Danish Realm:
ordered this Kingdom of
monument Iceland secedes from
made ... who won the union.
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
for himself all of

Denmark and
Norway and made
De jure: Signing of
Independence
the Estonia–Latvia
February 24, declared from
July 1, 1920 Border Treaty
1918 the Russian
whereby Valga proper
Empire
was ceded to Estonia
Estonian
Declaration of
February Independence
Estonia 24, 1918 , whereby
De facto: Eastern
a republic wa
Independence coast of Narva
s declared
(from the Soviet river and most
August 20, January 1,
Union) of Petseri
1991 1945
reasserted, end of County were
occupation[32] transferred to Russian
SFSR
Independence
December 6,
from Russian
Diet of 1917
Empiredeclared
Porvoo, birth
of Finland as
an
March 29, January 26, Porkkala returned
Finland autonomous
1809 Independence 1956 from Soviet control
state entity
from Russia
within
January 3, recognized by the
Russian
1918 highest Soviet
Empire
executive
body, VTsIK
France October Establishment 843 Creation of the February 10, Metropolitan France:
5, 1958 of the Kingdom of 1947 Annexation
current semi- France (West of Tende, La
presidential Francia), Treaty Brigue and other
system known villages formerly in
as the Fifth Italy.[33][34]
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Republic
Overseas
France:
Loss of
the French of Verdun
July 5, departments
1962 in
Algeria follo
wing the
latter's
independence.
German May 23, The Basic German Realm October 3, Reunification of West
January 18,
y 1949 Law of (Empire) 1990 Germany and East
1871
Germany com founded Germany
es into effect.
Democratic
Republic of
Germany (comm
only referred to
1954 at the time
as East
Germany)
declared fully
sovereign
Federal Republic
of
Germany (comm
only referred to
May 5, 1955 at the time
as West
Germany)
declared fully
sovereign
May 15, 1991 Treaty on the

Final Settlement
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
with Respect to
Germany ends
the Four
Power occupatio
n.
March 25, Greek

1821 (Traditio Revolution starts,
nal) various regional
administrations e
stablished during
February 23,
1821
1821 (Actual)
Peace treaty with

Third
June 11, February 10, Italy awards
Greece Hellenic First Hellenic
1975 January 1, 1947 the Dodecanese to
Republic Republic proclai
1822 Greece
med
Independence
recognized
March 4, 1832
(as Kingdom of
Greece)
Principality of With the Paris Peace

895
Hungary formed Treaty, Hungary loses
all territories that
People's were regained with
Republic of the First and Second
Hungary October Hungary was February 10, Vienna Awards and
23, 1989 replaced by Formation of the 1947 during World War II,
the Republic Kingdom of thus it returns to the
of Hungary 1000 Hungary by 1921 borders (except
Stephen I of for three villages in
Hungary. the northwest given
to Czechoslovakia).
Iceland 930 The Icelandic June 17, 1944 Secedes from September 1, No territorial changes
Commonweal a Union with on land have taken
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
th established. place, however the

expansion of
the Exclusive
Denmark formall
Economic Zone was
y as an
1972 such an important
First meeting independent
change in territory for
July 1, of the republic.
Iceland that it merits
1845 modern Althi
a special inclusion
ng.
here.
Ireland Irish Free

State secedes
from United
Kingdom by
agreement in
December 6, accordance with
Elected Irish
1922 the terms of
Parliament Dá De facto:Northern
the Anglo-Irish
il Ireland secedes from
Treaty but
Éireann unilat the Irish Free State
remains
January erally declare December 8, and rejoins the
a dominion of the
21, 1919 s Ireland's 1922 United Kingdom in
British Empire
independence accordance with
from the the Irish Free State
United Constitution Act 1922
Kingdom
Statute of
Westminster conf
December 11, ers legislative
1931 independence
from the United
Kingdom
December Constitution April 18, 1949 Republic of December 2, De jure:Amendment

29, 1937 of Ireland Act 1999 to the Irish
Ireland establi 1948 declares the constitution removes
shes the roles state to be a irredentist claims to
of Taoiseach republic and thus Northern Ireland.[35]
and President, no longer subject
and replaces in any way to the
the Irish Free British Crown
State with a
new state
named Irelan
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
d or Éire.
March 17, Italian

1861 unification
Establishment of
the Kingdom of
Italy, an
independent
August 23,
successor state
476
created after
the Fall of the
Western Roman
Empire
Constitution
of Sovereignty of
January 1,
Italy Italy creating the Kingdom of
1948
the Italian Italy, an
Republic January 2, independent
888 c. successor state of
the
dissolved Carolin
gian Empire
Disestablishment
The Peace treaty with
of the German-
Italy officially
backed Italian
determines the
Social Republic,
January 1, boundaries of the
April 25, 1945 whereby the
1948 Republic of Italy. The
unity and
Italian Constitution of
independence of
1948 implements it at
the Italian state
articles 10 and 117.
was restored
Latvia Novembe Constitution November 18, Independence 1944 Abrene district ceded
r 7, 1922 of 1918 declared from to Russian
Latvia enforc Russia SFSR (modern
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Independence
(from Soviet
ed May 4, 1990 Russia)
Union)
reasserted[32]
The Liechtens
tein
constitutional
referendum,
2003 increase Dissolution of
Liechten March 16, October 19, January 23,
s the Prince's the Confederatio Purchase of Vaduz
stein 2003 1813 1719
powers and n of the Rhine
makes the
country
an absolute
monarchy[36]
Coronation of
King Mindaugas
Act of the Re-
(state established
Establishment 1253
some time
of the State of
earlier, perhaps Western part
Lithuania ind
in the 1230s) October 27, (approximately half)
Lithuani March 11, ependence
1939 and of Vilnius
a 1990 (from the
August 3, 1940 Region ceded to
Soviet Union)
Lithuania
reasserted,
Independence
end of
February 16, declared from
occupation[32]
1918 Germany and
Russia
Separates
from union
with the
Kingdom of End of
Partition of
Luxemb Novembe the German occupati
1945 April 19, 1839 Luxembourg under
ourg r 23, 1890 Netherlands, on during World
the Treaty of London
becomes War II
Grand Duchy
in its own
right
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
After a
referendum,
Constitution
Macedon the Socialist
Novembe of the September 8, Establishment of SR
Republic of August 2, 1944
ia r 17, 1991 Republic of 1991 Macedonia
Macedonia decla
Macedonia
red independence
from Yugoslavia
The State of Independence

December September 21, August 20,
Malta Malta became from United Gozo rejoined Malta
13, 1974 1964 1801
a republic Kingdom
De jure:Moldavian
August 2, 1940
SSR formed
De
facto:Pridnestrovian
Constitution Independence
Moldova August August 27, Moldavian
of Moldova from Soviet
27, 1997 1991 Republic declares
(1997) Union[11]
independence. The
September 2,
government is not
1990
recognized by any
UN member, but
has de facto control
over the Transnistria
region.
Amendment
to Constitutio Franco-
n of Monegasque
Monaco curta Treaty confirms
ils the power Monaco's Secession
December
Monaco of the prince 1861 sovereignty 1848 of Menton and Roque
17, 1962
and (formerly a brune-Cap-Martin.
establishes protectorate of
the the Kingdom of
modern Natio Sardinia)
nal Council
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Formation
of Kingdom of
1077
Duklja/Zeta by K
ing Mihajlo I
Independence
officially
confirmed
by Ottoman
Montene Constitution Empire internatio
October November 25, Establishment of SR
of July 13, 1878 nally by
gro 22, 2007 1943 Montenegro
Montenegro the Treaty of
Berlin other
countries
recognized
earlier.
Declaration of
independence
June 3, 2006
from Serbia and
Montenegro.
Adoption of
European Netherlands:
the The United Kingdom
Plakkaat van
constitution of the
August Verlatinghe signe March 16,
of the United July 26, 1581 Netherlands divided
24, 1815 d, independence 1839
Kingdom of under the Treaty of
from Spain
the London (1839).
Netherlands.
Netherla
nds
Charter for
Surrender of Kingdom of the
the Kingdom
December Nazi forces November 25, Netherlands:
of the May 5, 1945 Suriname declares
15, 1954 occupying the 1975
Netherlands si independence.
Netherlands
gned
Norway 1814 Constitution 872 King Harald I of February 27, Jan Mayen was made
Norway unifies part of the Kingdom
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
the Petty
kingdoms of
Norway.
Dissolution of
the union
1814
between Norway
and Denmark
of Norway 1930 of Norway.
Dissolution of
the union
June 7, 1905
between Norway
and Sweden
German
May 8, 1945 occupying forces
surrender.
adoption
of Christianity by
the first
966 historically
documented Poli
The first
sh rulerMieszko
partially free
I.
Parliament's
June 4, February 15, Polish-Soviet border
Poland vote after 45-
1989 1951 adjustment treaty
year-long
Soviet
formation of
domination
the Kingdom of
Poland by
1025
Mieszko's son
Bolesław I
Chrobry.
Portugal April 2, Constitution July 26, 1139 County of June 6, 1801 Continental Portugal:
1976 of Portugal Portugal become Spain occupies the
s independent fro present day border
town
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
of Olivença since
the War of the
Oranges.
m the Kingdom
Portuguese Overseas:
of León after
De facto: Portuguese
the Battle of December 20, Macautransferred to
Ourique as part 1999 the People's Republic
of
of China
the Reconquista.
Recognized by
León in 1143 and
by the Pope in
Portuguese Overseas:
1179. De jure: Portuguese
Timor, occupied by
May 20, 2002 Indonesia since 1975,
officially dissolved to
form the independent
state of East Timor.[37]
Independence
declared from
May 21, 1877
the Ottoman
Empire
Romanian Soviet occupation of
December February 10,
Romania Revolution of Bessarabia and
22, 1989 1947
1989 Northern Bukovina
International
recognition by
July 13, 1878
the Treaty of
Berlin.
September 3, Traditional
301 founding
Constitution Added Fiorentino, M
San 1600 of San 1463 ontegiardino, Serrava
Marino Marino lle, and Faetano
Formation of
1243 republican
government
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
The region
Republic of of Kosovo declared
Serbia independence
declared legal unilaterally on 17
successor Independence February 2008, and is
to Serbia and of Serbian February 17, recognized by 108
June 8,
Serbia Montenegro, 768[38] Principality from 2008 (disputed UN states. Serbia
2006
ending the the Byzantine )[39] recognizes
process of the Empire. the government of
dissolution Kosovo but claims its
of Yugoslavia territory as
. an Autonomous
Province.
Dissolution of
Dissolution of Czechoslovakia,
January 1, January 1,
Slovakia Czechoslovak creating Slovakia
1993 1993
ia and Czech
Republic
Declaration of
Slovenia December Constitution
June 25, 1991 independence
13, 1991 of Slovenia June 25, 1991
from Yugoslavia
Kingdom of
Asturias(718-
925), Kingdom
of Navarra (810-
1789), Kingdom
of León (910-
718 1230), Kingdom
of Castile (1035- Spanish Sahara is lost
December Spanish 1230), Kingdom February 26,
Spain following the Madrid
6, 1978 Constitution of Aragón (1035- 1976
Accords
1707), Kingdom
of Granada
(1238-1492)
1479 1479: Territorial

and religious
unification of
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
the Crown of
Castile and
the Crown of
Aragon by
the Catholic
Monarchs, and
under the House
of
Austria (1516).
The
governments,
institutions, and
legal traditions of
each kingdom
remained
independent of
each other. Alien
laws (Leyes de
extranjeria)
determined that
the national of
one kingdom was
a foreigner in the
other
Crowns/States.[40]
Spain, in the 16th
and 17th
centuries, was
the name of the
Iberian
Peninsula.
1715 De Jure
Dissolution of
crowns and
kingdoms and
1831 creation de jure,
of the unified
Kingdom of
Spain.
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Eric the
Victorious, the
first king of
Sweden about
970 (Or prior)
whom anything
definite is
known, becomes
king.
January 1, Instrument of March 29, Loss of Finland
Sweden
1974 Government 1809 to Imperial Russia.
Gustav
Vasa elected
King of Sweden
June 6, 1523 and marking a
definite secession
from the Kalmar
Union.
Traditional
1291
founding
Foundation of The cantons

Switzerla Novembe the federal Restoration of of Valais, Neuchâtel a
1815
nd r 12, 1848 state after Son the Ancien nd Geneva join the
derbund war Régime (federalis Swiss Confederation.
August 7,
m), reverting the
1815
changes imposed
by Napoleon
Bonaparte.
Ukraine August Independence March 18, Annexation

24, 1991 from Soviet 2014 of Crimea by Russia
Union
January 25, Independence

1918 of Ukrainian
People's
Republic from R
ussian
Republic declare
d.
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Independence of
former Ukrainian
August 24, Soviet Socialist
1991 Republic from
Soviet Union
declared.[11]
Kingdom of
Wessex
Kingdom of
England
927
United with
Scotland in 1707
(devolved
Parliament as of
1999)
Irish Free
State secedes from
The Acts of Kingdom of the United Kingdom
Union united Scotland of Great Britain and
the two 843
Ireland by agreement
kingdoms United with in accordance with
of Great England in 1707 December 6, the terms of
United January 1, Britain and Ir 1922 the Anglo-Irish
1800 eland to then December Treaty and the Irish
Kingdom
create the 8, 1922 Free State
United Kingdom of
May 1, 1707 Constitution Act
Kingdom of Great Britain
1922, and Northern
Great Britain Ireland opts to
and Ireland[41] exclude itself from
[42][43]
Lordship of the Free State two

1171 then Ireland days later.[33]
1542 Kingdom of
Ireland
Principality of
Wales
1216
United with or
annexed to
England in 1542
Birth of
Date of most
current Date of
recent significant
territorial
modification
nt
Birth of
current form Ratification of
of the Lateran
Vatican February 11, Signing of
1274 government June 7, 1929 Treaty, making
City 1929 the Lateran Treaty
the Papal the Vatican City
conclave in a sovereign State
1274
Oceania[edit]
Date of most
Birth of current Date of recent
Country Date form of Date acquisition of Date significant
government sovereignty territorial
modification
Papua New
Commonwealth of Independence Guinea becomes
Australia January January 1, September
Australia established from United formally
1, 1901 1901 16, 1975
as federation. Kingdom. independent of
Australia
Independence
Fiji October
from United
10, 1970
Kingdom
Separation
of Gilbert
Independence Islands (later
Kiribati July 12, October 1,
from United Kiribati)
1979 1975
Kingdom and Ellice
Islands (later Tuva
lu)
Marshall Constitution and local Compact of Free

May 1, October
government Association with
Islands 1979 21, 1986
established the United States
Date of most
modification
Yap, Chuuk, Pohn

pei,
Federated Compact of Free and Kosrae unite
May 10, November May 10,
States of Constitution ratified Association with to form
1979 3, 1986 1979
Micronesia the United States the Federated
States of
Micronesia
Independence
from UN Trustees
hip (Australian,
Nauru January
British and New
31, 1968
Zealand
administration
ends)
New February Treaty of January June 1, Samoa becomes

Self-Government
Zealand 6, 1840 Waitangi between 17, 1853 1962 fully independent
the British Crown and from New
the Zealand. It is also
indigenous Māori trib the first small-
es cedes kawanatanga April 18, Responsible island country in
of New Zealand 1856 Government the Pacific to
to Queen Victoria. become
independent.
Granted nominal
September independence
26, 1907 (Dominion status)
.
October Balfour
25, 1926 Declaration of
1926 — Great
Britain and the
Dominions are
“autonomous
Communities
within the British
Empire, equal in
status, in no way
subordinate one to
Date of most
modification
another in any
aspect of their
domestic or
external affairs”
Governor-General
ceases to
represent the
British
July 27,
Government and
1938
becomes the
personal
representative of
the King.
Statute of
Westminster
adopted — Britain
November
loses the power to
25, 1947
legislate for New
Zealand except by
request
Full power to
December
amend own
10, 1947
constitution
Governor-General
December becomes a New
1, 1967 Zealand
appointment
Emerged from
Republic of Palau United Nations
January October 1,
Palau created upon adoption trusteeship
1, 1981 1994
of constitution (administered by
the United States).
Date of most
modification
December Self-governing
1, 1973 territory
Papua New
Guinea
September Independence
16, 1975 from Australia
Independence
Samoa June 1,
from New
1962
Zealand
Self-government
January 2,
granted by United
1976
Kingdom
Solomon
Islands
Independence
July 7,
from United
1978
Kingdom
Unification of
Independence what is now the
Tonga July 4, December
from United islands of Tonga
1970 4, 1845
Kingdom by George Tupou I
of Tonga
Treaty with United

States recognizing
Separation of Gilbert Tuvaluan control
Independence
Tuvalu October Islands (later Kiribati) October 1, February over Funafuti, Nuk
from United
1, 1975 and Ellice 1978 7, 1979 ufetau, Nukulaelae
Kingdom
Islands (later Tuvalu) ,
and Niulakita atoll
s
Vanuatu July 30, Independence

Date of most
modification
from joint British-

1980 French condomini
um[44]
Transcontinental states[edit]
Date of
most recent
Birth of current
Count Date of acquisition of significant
Date form of Date Date
ry sovereignty territorial
government
modificatio
n
May 28, Establishment of the

Armenian
1918 Republic of Armenia.[11]
constitutional Establishment
Ar December referendum, December 5, of
menia 6, 2015 2015 creates 1936 the Armenian
a parliamentary SSR
Septembe Independence recognized
republic
r 21, 1991 by the Soviet Union
Establishment
Aze Declaration of Establishment of
October May 28, of
independence from the Azerbaijan Democratic April 28, 1920
rbaijan 18, 1991 1918 the Azerbaijan
the Soviet Union Republic.[11]
SSR
July 20, Independence declared

1810 from Spain
Separation of
November 3,
Panama from
1903
Colombia
Creation of the
Col August 4, August 7, Independence recognized
Republic of
ombia 1886 1819 by Spain
Colombia
Dissolution of Gran
1830
Colombia
Date of
most recent
Birth of current
government
modificatio
n
Establishment
of the United
July 23, 1974
Nations Buffer
Zone in Cyprus
Constitution of
Cyprus establishes Northern
consocial governme Cyprus declares
Cy August August Independence from United
nt. independence.
prus 16, 1960 16, 1960 Kingdom
Consociationalism The
de facto suspended government
November 15,
in 1963.[45][46][47] has de
1983 (disputed
facto control of
)
the northern
part of the
island, but is
only recognised
by Turkey
Unilateral recognition of
July 23, Egyptian February independence by the United
1952 Revolution of 1952 28, 1922 Kingdom but continued
British military occupation
Withdrawal of
last Israeli
troops and
Withdrawal of last British
Eg June 18, settlers
troops from the Suez Canal April 25, 1982
ypt 1956 from Sinai as
Zone
New Egyptian agreed upon in
constitution enters the peace treaty
January
force following with Israel
18, 2014
the 2013 Egyptian
De facto disestablishment
coup d'état
Septembe of the United Arab
r 28, 1961 Republic following a
military coup in Damascus
Ge April 9, Independence from May 26, Establishment of July 23, 1992 Abkhazia assert
orgia 1991 the Soviet Union 1918 the Democratic Republic of ed its declared
independence
from the Soviet
Date of
most recent
Birth of current
government
modificatio
n
Union
declared Georgia[11]
South
November 28, Ossetia declare
1991 d independence
from Georgia
Indonesian Declaration of
Ratification of August
Independence from Independence
the Constitution of 17, 1945
Netherlands of East Timor,
Indonesia by
Ind August formerly admin
the Preparatory May 20, 2002
onesia 18, 1945 istered as
Committee for
a province of
Indonesian
December Independence from the Indonesia
Independence
27, 1949 Netherlands recognized
Establishment
December 5,
of the Kazakh
1936
SSR
Ka August Constitution of December Independence declared

zakhstan 30, 1995 Kazakhstan 16, 1991 from the Soviet Union[11]
Baikonur
March 30, Cosmodrome a
1993 (disputed nd surrounding
) areas leased to
Russia.[48]
Separation of Panama from

Pa November October 1, Panama Canal
Colombia, independence
nama 3, 1903 1979 Zone
from Spain
Ru December Russian 1480 Grand Duchy of March 18, Annexation

ssia 25, 1993 constitutional Muscovy secures its 2014 (disputed of Crimea by R
referendum, independence from ) ussia
1993 replaces the Golden Horde
the Supreme
Date of
most recent
Birth of current
government
modificatio
n
Soviet with
the Federal Russian SFSR declares
June 12,
Assembly and sovereignty over its own
1990
increases presidenti territory[11]
al power.
Tur
key

Africa

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Africa[edit]

November Independence from

September Independence from

Burkina Faso Self-government September 4, Restoration of

August 5, Independence from

July 5, Independence from

July 6, Independence from

Congo, August 15, Independence from

August 7, Independence from

June 27, Independence from

Equatorial October Independence from

August 17, Independence from

February Independence from

October 2, Independence from

September Independence from

September Independence from

December Independence from

Lesotho October 4, Independence from March 12, Area that is now

July 6, Independence from

Mali November French Sudan gains August 20, Senegal secedes

September Independence from

June 25, Independence from

August 3, Independence from

Nigeria October 1, Independence from

July 1, Independence from

São Tomé and July 12, Independence from

August 20, Independence from

Seychelles June 29, Independence from

April 27, Independence from

Sudan April 15, First January 1, Independence July 9, 2011 South

August 30, Autonomy

April 27, Independence from

October 9, Independence from

October Independence from

Birth of Date of most

Brazil November Proclamation September Independence November Signing of

Brazil was given

November Constitution July 25,

Cuba January 1, Cuban

July 1, 1823 El Salvador

April 17, Independence

Jamaica August 6, Independence

the Gran Chaco as

Saint Vincent October 27, Associated

Uruguay December Uruguayan August 25, Independence

Cambodi Septemb Constitution of Septembe France grants

Signing of the Treaty of

Coming into force

August First Republic of

Novembe End Decembe

Decembe October Independence

Lebanon May 23, Lebanese Independence Septemb France establishes State of

May 28, Formation of Decembe Nepali Decembe Sugauli Treaty ends

De facto: Province of East

islands in the Turtle

Singapor August 9, Singapore ceased June 3, Self- August 9, Establishment of Singapore

De jure: The Kandyan

Timor- May 20, Constitution of The borders of Portuguese

Albania April 29, Socialist Principality of 1945 Occupied Kosovo,

November 28, Declaration of

Albanian state re-

Bulgaria Novembe People's Formation of Old September 7, Under

for himself all of