Rattle and Hum

Rattle and Hum is the sixth studio album by Irish rock band U2, and a companion
Rattle and Hum
rockumentary film directed by Phil Joanou. The album was produced by Jimmy
Iovine and was released on 10 October 1988, while the film was distributed by
Paramount Pictures and was released on 27 October 1988. Following the
breakthrough success of the band's previous studio album, The Joshua Tree, the
Rattle and Hum project captures their continued experiences with American roots
music on the Joshua Tree Tour, further incorporating elements of blues rock, folk
rock, and gospel music into their sound. A collection of new studio tracks, live
performances, and cover songs, the project includes recordings at Sun Studios in
Memphis and collaborations with Bob Dylan, B.B. King, and Harlem's New Voices
of Freedom gospel choir.

Although Rattle and Hum was intended to represent the band paying tribute to rock
Artwork for compact disc release
legends, some critics accused U2 of trying to place themselves amongst the ranks of
these artists. Critical reception to both the album and the film was mixed; one Studio album with live tracks by
Rolling Stone editor spoke of the album's "excitement", another described it as U2
"misguided and bombastic".[2] The film grossed just $8.6 million, but the album was Released 10 October 1988
a commercial success, reaching number one in several countries and selling Recorded 1987–88
14 million copies. Lead single "Desire" became the band's first UK number-one song
Studio Sun Studio (Memphis, TN)
while reaching number three in the US.[3] Facing creative stagnation and a critical
backlash to Rattle and Hum, U2 reinvented themselves in the 1990s through a new Point Depot (Dublin,
musical direction and public image. Ireland)

Danesmoat (Dublin)
STS Studio (Dublin)
Contents A&M Studios (Los
Angeles, CA)
History
Studio recordings Ocean Way (Los Angeles)
Live performances Live in various locations
Release and reception Genre Rock, roots rock[1]
Track listing
Length 72:27
Album
Film Label Island
Personnel Producer Jimmy Iovine
Charts U2 chronology
Weekly album charts
The Joshua Rattle and Achtung
Song charts
Tree Hum Baby
Certifications (1987) (1988) (1991)
References
Singles from Rattle and Hum
External links

1. "Desire"
Released: 26 September 1988
History
 While in 2. "Angel of Harlem"
"I was very keen on the idea of going wide at a time like Hartford Released: 1 December 1988
that, just seeing how big this thing could get. I had always
during the 3. "When Love Comes to Town"
admired Colonel Parker and Brian Epstein for realising
that music could capture the imagination of the whole 1987 The Released: April 1989
world." Joshua Tree
4. "All I Want Is You"
—U2 manager Paul McGuinness, explaining his original Tour, U2 met
Released: 12 June 1989
motivation to make a movie.[4] film director
Phil Joanou
who made an unsolicited pitch to the band to make a feature-
length documentary about the tour. Joanou suggested they hire Martin Scorsese, Jonathan Demme, or George Miller to direct the
film. Joanou met the band again in Dublin to discuss the plans and again in France in September before the band chose him as
director. The movie was originally titled U2 in the Americas and the band planned to film in Chicago and Buenos Aires later in the
year.[5] It was later decided that the Chicago venue wasn't suitable, and instead U2 used the McNichols Sports Arena in Denver to
film. Following the success of Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood Red Sky, which had been filmed in Denver four years earlier, the
band hoped that "lightning might strike twice".[6] With production problems and estimated costs of $1.2 million the band cancelled
the plans for December concerts in South America. At the suggestions of concert promoter, Barry Fey, the band instead booked the
Sun Devil Stadium in Arizona.[6]

The movie is a rockumentary, which was initially financed by the band and intended to be screened in a small number of cinemas as
an independent film. After going over budget, the film was bought by Paramount Pictures and released in theatres in 1988, before
arriving on video in 1989. It was produced by Michael Hamlyn and directed by Phil Joanou. Paul Wasserman served as the
publicist.[7] It incorporates live footage with studio outtakes and band interviews. The album is a mix of live material and new studio
recordings that furthers the band's experimentation with American music styles and recognises many of their musical influences. It
was produced by Jimmy Iovine and also released in 1988.

The title, Rattle and Hum, is taken from a lyric from "Bullet the Blue Sky", the fourth track on The Joshua Tree. The image used for
the album cover and movie poster, depicting Bono shining a spotlight on Edge as he plays, was inspired by a scene in the live
performance of "Bullet the Blue Sky" recorded in the film and album, but was recreated in a stills studio, and photographed by Anton
Corbijn.[8] Several vinyl copies have the message "We Love You A.L.K." etched into side one, a reference to the band's production
manager Anne Louise Kelly, who would be the subject of another secret dedication message on several CD copies of the band's later
album, Pop.

Studio recordings
The album opens with a live cover of The Beatles' "Helter Skelter". Its inclusion on the album was intended by the band to reflect the
confusion of The Joshua Tree Tour and their new-found superstar status. Bono opens "Helter Skelter" with this statement: "this is a
song Charles Manson stole from The Beatles ... we're stealing it back".[9]

Bono said "Hawkmoon 269" was in part as a tribute to writer Sam Shepard, who had released a book entitled Hawk Moon. Bono also
said that the band mixed the song 269 times. This was thought to be a joke for years until it was recently confirmed by The Edge in
U2 by U2, who said that they spent three weeks mixing the song. He also contradicted Bono's assertion about Shepard, saying that
Hawkmoon is a place inRapid City, South Dakota, in the midwestern United States.[10]

The album contains a live version of Bob Dylan's "All Along the Watchtower", which can be seen as a dual tribute to Dylan and to
Jimi Hendrix, who popularised the song with his own blistering rendition. Aside from the covers, a couple of songs were written for
other artists. "Angel of Harlem" is a vivacious, horn-filled tribute to Billie Holiday. The bass-heavy "God Part II" is an introduction
to the Achtung Baby sound, and is a sequel of sorts to John Lennon's "God", his stark denunciation of everyone from Elvis Presley to
Jesus Christ.
The punchy lead single, "Desire", sports a Bo Diddley beat. During the Joshua Tree tour, in mid-November 1987, Bono and Bob
Dylan met in Los Angeles; together they wrote a song called "Prisoner of Love" which later became "Love Rescue Me". Dylan sang
lead vocals on the original recording, a version which Bono called "astonishing", but Dylan later asked U2 not to use it citing
commitments to The Traveling Wilburys.[11] The live performance of "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For" (recorded with a
full church choir) is a gospel song. "When Love Comes to Town" is a blues rocker featuring B.B. King on guitar and vocals.

U2 recorded "Angel of Harlem", "Desire", "Love Rescue Me" and "When Love Comes to Town" at Sun Studio in Memphis,
Tennessee, where Elvis Presley, Roy Orbison, Johnny Cash and many others also recorded. They also recorded an unreleased version
of "She's a Mystery to Me" and Woody Guthrie's "Jesus Christ", which appeared on Folkways: A Vision Shared. The band started
writing "Heartland", in 1984 during The Unforgettable Fire sessions, and it was worked on during The Joshua Tree sessions.[12] All
of the studio tracks apart from "Heartland" were performed in concert on the Lovetown Tour, which began almost a year after Rattle
and Hum's release.

Live performances
The band chose to film the black-and-white footage over two nights at Denver's
McNichols Sports Arena on 7 and 8 November 1987. They chose the city following
the success of their U2 Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood Red Sky video which was
filmed in Red Rocks Amphitheatre near Denver in 1983. "We thought lightning
might strike twice" said guitarist the Edge. The first night's performance was
disappointing with Bono finding the cameras infringing on his ability to play to the
crowd.[6] The second Denver show was far more successful and seven songs from
the show are used in the film, and three on the album. The band were filmed atMcNichols
Sports Arena in November 1987.
Hours before the second Denver performance, an IRA bomb killed eleven people at
a Remembrance Day ceremony in the Northern Irish town of Enniskillen (see
Remembrance Day Bombing). During a performance of "Sunday Bloody Sunday", which appears on the film, Bono condemned the
violence in a furious mid-song rant in which he yelled "Fuck the revolution." So powerful was the performance, that the band said
they were not sure the song should have been used in the film, and after watching the film, they considered not playing it on future
tours.[13]

Colour outdoor concert footage is from the band'sTempe, Arizona shows on 19 December 1987 and 20 December 1987. iTckets were
sold for $5.00 each and both nights sold out within days. The set was different each night with the band throwing in some rarely
performed songs including, "Out of Control", "Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)", "One Tree Hill", and "Mothers of the
Disappeared". For the latter, all four members played at the front of the stage, each under a lar
ge spotlight.

The performance of Bob Dylan's "All Along the Watchtower" is from the band's impromptu "Save the Yuppies" concert in Justin
Herman Plaza in San Francisco, California on 11 November 1987. The video intersperses the performance of the song with footage
from the band's performance of "Pride" from the same show, during which Bono spray-painted "Rock and Roll Stops the Traffic" on
the Vaillancourt Fountain. This caused a bit of controversy, and ultimately, the band paid to repair the damage and publicly
apologised for the incident. The phrase "Rock and Roll Stops the Traffic" reappeared 18 years later in the video "All Because of You"
when an unnamed fan appeared with the sign at 1:55 in the video.[14] It also reappeared in February 2009, when the band played on
[15]
the rooftop of the BBC Radio studios in Langham Place.

Dennis Bell, director of New York gospel choir The New Voices of Freedom, recorded a demo of a gospel version of "I Still Haven't
Found What I'm Looking For".[16] While in Glasgow in late July during the Joshua Tree Tour, Rob Partridge of Island Records
played the demo for the band.[17] In late September, U2 rehearsed with Bell's choir in a Harlem church, and a few days later they
performed the song together at U2's Madison Square Garden concert. Footage of the rehearsal is featured in the movie, while the
Madison Square Garden performance appears on the album.[18] After the church rehearsal, U2 walked around the Harlem
neighbourhood where they come across blues duo, Satan and Adam, playing in the street. A 40-second clip of them playing their
[19]
composition, "Freedom for My People", appears on both the movie and the album.
During "Silver and Gold", Bono explains that the song is an attack on apartheid. "The Star Spangled Banner" is an excerpt of Jimi
Hendrix's famous Woodstock performance in 1969. The noise of the crowd was sampled extensively by The KLF for 'the Stadium
House Trilogy' of singles on their 1990 albumThe White Room.[20]

Alternative live concert footage captured for the film in other cities during the 1987 tour (but ultimately not used for the final cut of
the film) included:

Foxboro, Massachusetts,Foxboro Stadium, 22 September 1987

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,JFK Stadium, 25 September 1987
New York, NY, Madison Square Garden, 28 September 1987
Long Island, New York, Rehearsals on a beach, 19 October 1987
Boston, Massachusetts,Boston Garden, 18 September 1987 (color footage)

Release and reception

Rattle and Hum divided critics when it was released in 1988.[30] Some
Professional ratings
reviewers panned it, feeling that U2 were making a deliberate and
pretentious attempt at rock and roll renown.[26] Writing in Rolling Review scores
Stone, Anthony DeCurtis called the album "calculated in its supposed
Source Rating
spontaneity" while demonstrating "U2's force but devoting too little
AllMusic [1]
attention to the band's vision".[27] Jon Pareles was more critical in The
Chicago Sun-Times [21]
New York Times, finding each song genuinely egotistical and
"embarrassing in a different way", while Tom Carson from The Village Chicago Tribune [22]

Voice said the band suffered from profound ignorance rather than [23]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music
pretension on an album that was terrible "by almost any rock-and-roll
fan's standards".[26] Village Voice critic Robert Christgau was more Entertainment Weekly B[24]
enthusiastic, calling it "underrated if grandiose".[31] In his consumer Los Angeles Times [25]

guide, he complimented half of the new material and the live versions
NME 8/10 [26]
of past songs by U2, whom he called naturally pretentious but also
Rolling Stone [27]
innovative for their unique rock style that "melded Americana into their
[28]
Old World riffs".[29] In a rave review for the Los Angeles Times, Robert The Rolling Stone Album Guide
Hilburn called Rattle and Hum a "frequently remarkable album" that The Village Voice B+[29]
more than matched The Joshua Tree and credited U2 for reviving the
"idealism and craft of [rock's] finest moments",[25] while Hot Press reviewer Bill Graham said it was their "most ambitious record"
yet.[26] In the UK, Stuart Baillie of NME gave it a positive 8/10 review. Contentiously, his review replaced a much more negative
4/10 review by Mark Sinker in which he described it as "the worst album by a major band in years". It was pulled by editor Alan
fect the magazine's circulation.[32]
Lewis as it was feared that criticism of the band would af

At the end of 1988, Rattle and Hum was voted the 21st-best album of the year in the Pazz & Jop, an annual poll of American critics
published by The Village Voice.[33] In other critics' lists of the year's top albums, it was ranked number one by HUMO, second by the
Los Angeles Times and Hot Press, 17th by OOR, 23rd by NME, and 47th by Sounds.[23]

According to review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a "Certified Fresh" rating of 67%.[34] Roger Ebert panned
the film, saying the concert footage was poorly lit and monotonous, with little use made of the crowds. Review partner Gene Siskel
was more sympathetic, praising the music and finding the footage of the Harlem gospel choir particularly moving.[35] Joanou called
the picture "pretentious".[36]

"Rattle and Hum was conceived as a scrapbook, a memento of that time spent in America on the Joshua Tree tour. It
changed when the movie, which was initially conceived of as a low-budget film, suddenly became a big Hollywood
affair. That put a different emphasis on the album, which suffered from the huge promotion and publicity, and people
reacted against it."[37]
 — The Edge

Despite the criticism, Rattle and Hum was a strong seller,

continuing U2's burgeoning commercial success. It hit "But I wasn't prepared for the difference in the size of the
movie campaign and the average record campaign ... how
number one on the US Billboard 200 albums chart, remaining
all across America for a couple of weeks, you couldn't
at the top spot for six weeks; it was the first number-one turn on your TV without getting U2 in your face. That's
double album in the US since Bruce Springsteen's The River not the way records are marketed. It's much more subtle
in 1980.[39] Rattle and Hum also reached number one in the and I think a lot of the band's old fans found it distasteful.
The aftermath I think, quite honestly, was that no one
UK and Australian charts. In the UK, it sold 360,000 copies in
wanted to hear about U2 for a while."
its first week,[40][41] making it the fastest-selling album at
—Paul McGuinness[38]
that point (a record it held until the release of Oasis's Be Here
Now in 1997). In 1989, while at a press tour in Sydney,
Australia (where the band was touring with B.B. King and
working on demos for the follow-up album Achtung Baby), Bono stated, "making movies: that's the nonsense of rock & roll", which
Rolling Stone magazine claimed was almost an apology for the film. "Playing shows is the reason we're here", he added.[42] Lifetime
[43]
sales for the album have surpassed 14 million copies.

Track listing

Album
All lyrics written by Bono; all music composed byU2, except where noted.

No. Title Writer(s) Performer Length

1. "Helter Skelter" (live at Denver, Lennon–McCartney U2 3:07
Colorado ) (lyrics and music)
2. "Van Diemen's Land" The Edge (lyrics) U2 3:06
3. "Desire" U2 2:58
4. "Hawkmoon 269" U2 6:22
5. "All Along the Watchtower" (live Bob Dylan (lyrics and U2 4:24
from "Save the Y uppie Free music)
Concert", San Francisco)
6. "I Still Haven't Found What I'm U2 with The New 5:53
Looking For" (live at Madison Voices of Freedom
Square Garden , New York)
7. "Freedom for My People" Sterling Magee (lyrics Sterling Magee and 0:38
and music); Adam Adam Gussow
Gussow (music)
8. "Silver and Gold" (live from U2 5:50
Denver, Colorado)
9. "Pride (In the Name of Love)" U2 4:27
(live from Denver , Colorado)
10. "Angel of Harlem" U2 3:49
11. "Love Rescue Me" Bono and Bob Dylan U2 with Bob Dylan 6:24
(lyrics)
12. "When Love Comes to Town" U2 with B.B. King 4:14
13. "Heartland" U2 5:02
14. "God Part II" U2 3:15
15. "The Star Spangled Banner" John Stafford Smith Jimi Hendrix 0:43
(Live) (music)
16. "Bullet the Blue Sky" (live at Sun U2 5:37
Devil Stadium , Tempe, Arizona )
 17. "All I Want Is You" U2 6:30
Total length: 72:27
Extra tracks In addition to the nine studio tracks that comprised one-half of the double album, a number of additional recordings
from the Rattle and Hum sessions would be released on various singles and side projects. "Hallelujah Here She Comes" was released
as a B-side to "Desire", and "A Room at the Heartbreak Hotel" was released as a B-side to "Angel of Harlem." Covers were released
as B-sides for the rest of the singles—an abbreviated cover of Patti Smith's "Dancing Barefoot" would be released as a B-side to
"When Love Comes to Town" (the full version would see release on the 12" version of the single and on CD on the 1994 soundtrack
album to Threesome), while "Unchained Melody" and "Everlasting Love" would be released as the B-sides to "All I Want Is You." A
cover of "Fortunate Son" recorded with Maria McKee would not be released until 1992's "Who's Gonna Ride Your Wild Horses"
single.

Studio versions of "She's a Mystery to Me" (a Bono/Edge composition that would eventually be recorded and released by Roy
Orbison), Bruce Cockburn's "If I Had a Rocket Launcher", and "Can't Help Falling in Love With You", while recorded, have yet to be
released. (A solo Bono cover of the Elvis Presley classic would be released on 1992's Honeymoon in Vegas album, however.) A cover
of the Woody Guthrie song "Jesus Christ" was also recorded during these sessions for eventual inclusion on the cover album
Folkways: A Vision Shared. Lastly, a cover of "Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)" was recorded and released for the first A Very
Special Christmas album, released at the end of 1987.

Film
U2: Rattle and Hum

Theatrical release poster

Directed by Phil Joanou
Produced by Michael Hamlyn
Starring U2
Music by U2
Cinematography Robert
Brinkmann
(black-and-white
footage)
Jordan
 Cronenweth
(Color footage)

Edited by Phil Joanou

Production Midnight Films
company
Distributed by Paramount
Pictures
Release date 27 October 1988
(Ireland)
4 November 1988
(United States)

Running time 98 minutes

Country United States
Language English
Budget $5 million
Box office $8.6 million[44]

No. Title Writer(s) Performer Length

1. "Helter Skelter" (live at McNichols Lennon–McCartney U2
Arena, Denver, Colorado , 8
November 1987 [45])
2. "Van Diemen's Land" (recorded at The Edge U2
the Point Depot , Dublin, Ireland , May
1988 [46])
3. "Desire" (recorded at the Point U2 U2
Depot, Dublin, Ireland , May 1988 [46])
4. "Exit"/"Gloria" (live at McNichols U2 ("Exit"), Van U2
Arena, Denver, Colorado , 8 Morrison ("Gloria")
November 1987 [45])
5. "I Still Haven't Found What I'm U2 U2 with The New
Looking For" (rehearsal recorded Voices of Freedom
at Harlem, New Y ork, September
1987 [47])
6. "Freedom for My People" Adam Gussow and Sterling Magee and
Sterling Magee Adam Gussow
7. "Silver and Gold" (live at Bono U2
McNichols Arena , Denver, Colorado ,
8 November 1987 [45])
8. "Angel of Harlem" (recorded at U2 U2
Sun Studio , Memphis, Tennessee , 30
November 1987 [48][49])
9. "All Along the Watchtower" (live Bob Dylan U2
at Justin Herman Plaza , San
Francisco, California , 11 November
1987 [50])
10. "In God's Country" (live at U2 U2
McNichols Arena , Denver, Colorado ,
8 November 1987 [45])
11. "When Love Comes to Town" U2 U2 with B.B. King
(afternoon rehearsal and evening live
performance at Tarrant County
 Convention Center , Fort Worth,
Texas, 24 November 1987 [51])
12. "Heartland" U2 U2
13. "Bad"/"Ruby U2 ("Bad"), U2
Tuesday"/"Sympathy for the Jagger/Richards ("Ruby
Devil" (live at McNichols Arena , Tuesday", "Sympathy for
Denver, Colorado , 8 November the Devil")
1987 [45])
14. "Where the Streets Have No U2 U2
Name" (live at Sun Devil Stadium ,
Tempe, Arizona , 20 December
1987 [52])
15. "MLK" (live at Sun Devil Stadium , U2 U2
Tempe, Arizona , 20 December
1987 [52])
16. "With or Without You" (live at Sun U2 U2
Devil Stadium , Tempe, Arizona , 20
December 1987 [52])
17. "The Star Spangled Banner" John Stafford Smith Jimi Hendrix
(Excerpt)
18. "Bullet the Blue Sky" (live at Sun U2 U2
Devil Stadium , Tempe, Arizona , 20
December 1987 [52])
19. "Running to Stand Still" (live at U2 U2
Sun Devil Stadium , Tempe, Arizona ,
20 December 1987 [52])
20. "Sunday Bloody Sunday" (live at U2 U2
McNichols Arena , Denver, Colorado ,
8 November 1987 [45])
21. "Pride (In the Name of Love)" U2 U2
(live at McNichols Arena , Denver,
Colorado , 8 November 1987 [45])
22. "All I Want Is You" (Heard over U2 U2
end credits)

Personnel
Bono – lead vocals, additional guitar, harmonica
The Edge – guitar, keyboards, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Van Diemen's Land"
Adam Clayton – bass guitar
Larry Mullen Jr. – drums, percussion
Guest performers

Bob Dylan – Hammond organ on "Hawkmoon 269", backing vocals on "Love Rescue Me"
The New Voices of Freedom – gospel choir on "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For"

George Pendergrass, Dorothy Terrell – vocal soloists

Joey Miskulin – organ on "Angel of Harlem"
The Memphis Horns – horns on "Angel of Harlem" and "Love Rescue Me"
B.B. King – guest vocals and lead guitar on "When Love Comes to own"
T
Rebecca Evans Russell, Phyllis Duncan, Helen Duncan – backing vocals on "When Love Comes toown"
T
Brian Eno – keyboards on "Heartland"
Benmont Tench – Hammond organ on "All I Want Is You"
Van Dyke Parks – string arrangement on "All I Want Is You"
Additional musicians (field recordings and tapes)
 Satan and Adam (Sterling Magee and Adam Gussow) – vocals, guitar , percussion, and harmonica on "Freedom for
My People" (sourced from field recording)
Jimi Hendrix – electric guitar on "The Star Spangled Banner" (sourced fromWoodstock: Music from the Original
Soundtrack and More as played through U2's concertPA system)

Charts

Weekly album charts Song charts

Peak Peak
Chart (1988)
position
US
Year Song US Hot
Australian Albums Chart[53] 1 AUS CAN IRE NZ UK
100
Main
[59] [60] [61] [59] [62] Rock
[58][63]
Austrian Top 30 Albums[53] 1 [58][63]

Dutch Album Top 100[54] 1 "Desire" 1 19 1 1 1 3 1

French Albums Chart[55] 8 "Angel

of 18 — 3 1 9 14 1
1988
Spanish Albums Chart[56] 1 Harlem"

Swiss Albums Top 100[53] 1 "God

— — — — — — 8
Part II"
UK Albums Chart[57] 1
"When
US Billboard Top Pop Albums[58] 1 Love
Comes 23 41 1 4 6 68 2
to
1989 Town"
"All I
Want Is 2 67 1 2 4 83 13
You"
"—" denotes a release that did not chart.

Certifications
 Region Certification Certified units/Sales

Argentina (CAPIF)[64] Gold 30,000^

Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[65] Gold 100,000*

Canada (Music Canada)[66] 7× Platinum 700,000^

Finland (Musiikkituottajat)[67] Gold 28,632[68]

France (SNEP)[69] Gold 100,000*

Germany (BVMI)[70] Platinum 500,000^

Netherlands (NVPI)[71] Platinum 100,000^

Spain (PROMUSICAE)[72] Platinum 100,000^

Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[73] 2× Platinum 100,000^

United Kingdom (BPI)[74] 4× Platinum 1,200,000^

United States (RIAA)[75] 5× Platinum 5,000,000^

*sales figures based on certification alone

^shipments figures based on certification alone

References
Footnotes

1. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Rattle and Hum – U2"(https://www.allmusic.com/album/rattle-and-hum-mw000037526

8). AllMusic. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
2. Gardner, Elysa (9 January 1992)."U2's 'Achtung Baby': Bring the Noise"(https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumr
eviews/achtung-baby-19920109). Rolling Stone. No. 621. Wenner Media LLC. p. 51. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
3. McGee (2008), p. 119
4. McGee (2008), p. 105
5. McGee (2008), pp. 105, 109
6. McGee (2008), p. 112
7. "U2: Rattle and Hum (1988) – Full cast and crew"(https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096328/fullcredits#cast). Internet
Movie Database. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
8. Scrimgeour (2004), p. 273
9. Graham (2004), p. 36
10. McCormick (2006), p. 203
11. McGee (2008), p. 114
12. McGee (2008), p. 93
13. McGee (2008), p. 113
14. "U2 All Because of You" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlBdaxB1Wy4). YouTube. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
15. Jones, Sam (28 February 2009)."U2 attract 5,000 with rooftop homage to the Fab Four"(https://www.theguardian.co
m/music/2009/feb/28/u2-bono-gig-pop-music?intcmp=239) . The Guardian.
16. McGee (2008), p. 104
17. McGee (2008), p. 109
18. McGee (2008), pp. 110–111
19. McGee (2008), p. 111
20. "KLF Interview" (http://cardhouse.com/x07/klf.html). cardhouse.com. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
21. McLeese, Don (17 October 1988)."Story of U2 album incomplete without film"(https://web.archive.org/web/2018021
4202808/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3909656.html). Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original (https://
www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3909656.html)on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2018. (Subscription
required (help)).
22. Kot, Greg (6 September 1992). "You, Too, Can Hear The Best Of U2"(http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1992-09-06/
entertainment/9203210404_1). Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 3 December 2015.
23. "Rattle and Hum" (http://www.acclaimedmusic.net/Current/A746.htm). Acclaimed Music. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
24. Wyman, Bill (29 November 1991)."U2's Discography" (http://www.ew.com/article/1991/11/29/u2s-discography).
Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
25. Hilburn, Robert (9 October 1988). "U2 Embraces the Roots of Rock: The Raw , Experimental Sounds of 'Rattle and
Hum' More Than Match the Craft of 'The Joshua T ree' " (http://articles.latimes.com/1988-10-09/entertainment/ca-525
1_1_joshua-tree). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
26. Jobling, John (2014). U2: The Definitive Biography(https://books.google.com/books?id=xKFzA
wAAQBAJ&pg=PA19
6). Macmillan Publishers. pp. 195–197. ISBN 1-250-02790-X. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
27. DeCurtis, Anthony (17 November 1988). "U2: Rattle and Hum" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/rat
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Bibliography

Graham, Bill; van Oosten de Boer, Caroline (2004). U2: The Complete Guide to Their Music. London: Omnibus
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McGee, Matt (2008). U2: A Diary. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-84772-108-2.
Stokes, Niall (2005). U2: Into the Heart – The Stories Behind Every Song
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ISBN 1-56025-765-2.
Scrimgeour, Diana (2004). U2 Show. London: Orion Books. ISBN 0-7528-5607-3.
U2 (2006). McCormick, Neil, ed. U2 by U2. London: HarperCollins.ISBN 0-00-719668-7.

External links
Rattle and Hum on IMDb
Rattle and Hum at AllMovie

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