KCEP4311

UNIVERSITI MALAYA
UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA

PEPERIKSAAN IJAZAH SARJANA MUDA KEJURUTERAAN

EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

SESI AKADEMIK 2015/2016 : SEMESTER 1

ACADEMIC SESSION 2015/2016 : SEMESTER 1

KCEP 4311: KELAKUAN MEKANIK BAHAN

MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS

Dis 2015 Markah: 100 Masa: 2 jam

Dec 2015 Marks: 100 Time : 2 hours

ARAHAN KEPADA CALON:

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. Kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi EMPAT (4) soalan.

This examination paper contains FOUR (4) questions.

2. Jawab SEMUA soalan.

Answer ALL questions.

(Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 4 soalan dalam 5 halaman yang dicetak serta 0 mukasurat
lampiran )
(This question paper consists of 4 questions on 5 printed pages with 0 pages of
attachments)
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1. Ujian tegangan suatu bahan diplotkan dalam Rajah S1, titik data juga
disenaraikan dalam Jadual S1. Diameter sebelum ujian ialah 10 mm, dan
selepas patah diameter minimum di rantau berleher adalah 8 mm.
Results of a tensile test on a material are given in Fig Q1, and representative data points
are listed in Table Q1. The diameter before testing was 10 mm, and after fracture the
minimum diameter in the necked region was 8 mm.

(a) Tentukan yang berikut: modulus elastik, 0.2% tegangan offset, kekuatan
tegangan muktamad, dan peratusan pemanjangan.
Determine the following: elastic modulus, 0.2% offset yield strength, ultimate tensile
strength, and percent elongation.

(b) Apakah tegangan elastik, dan jumlah tenaga yang tersimpan apabila jumlah
tegangan adalah 1%? Lakarkan kawasan yang mewakili tenaga tersimpan.
What is the elastic strain, and the amount of stored energy when the total strain is
1%? Sketch the area that correspond to this stored energy.

(c) Anggarkan terikan melintang dalam Rajah Q1.2 bagi rantau elastik dan plastik.
Peruntukan penjelasan mikrostruktur untuk nilai ini apabila bahan mengalir?
Using a back of the envelope concept, estimate with appropriate reasons the
tranverse strain in Fig S1.2 respectively for elastic and plastic region. Provide for a
microstructural explanation for this value when material flows.

Rajah S1.1
Fig Q1.1
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Jadual S1
Table Q1

εy , εz
1
0 εx
?

Rajah S1.2
Fig Q1.2
(25 markah/marks)

2. Pertimbangkan tegasan pada satu titik,

Consider stress at a point,
7 −5 0
= −5 3 1 MPa.
0 1 2

(a) Nyatakan keputusan mempertimbangkan keseimbangan Cauchy tetrahedron,

dan gunakannya untuk menentukan tegasan normal dan ricih pada satah
serong yang bersilang (x , y, z) di (4, 2 , 6). (Nota: Dengan menggunakan
persamaan kapal terbang, vektor normal unit bagi serong ini boleh didapati
<3/7 , 6/7, 2/7>.)
State the results of considering the equilibrium of the Cauchy infinitesimal
tetrahedron, and use this results to determine the normal and shear stress on
an oblique plane which intersects the (x, y, z) at (4, 2, 6). (Note: Using the
equation of a plane, the unit normal vector for this oblique can be found to be
<3/7, 6/7, 2/7>.)

(b) Nyatakan satah oktahedron. Tentukan tegasan ricih oktahedron untuk

tegasan secara umum. Apakah implikasi tegasan ricih oktahedron bagi
bahan-bahan kubik?
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Define the octahedral plane. Determine the octahedral shear stress for a general
state of stress . What is the implication of this octahedral shear stress for cubic
materials?

(c) Kenapa = ?
Why is = ?
(25 markah/marks)

3. Satu bar diameter d tertakluk kepada combinasi bebanan tegangan P dan beban
kilas T berkadaran 1:d (Rajah S3.1). Beban ditambah secara beransur-ansur
sehingga bahan mengalami kegagalan.

A bar of diameter d is subjected to proportional loading of tensile load P and a

torque T with the proportion of 1:d (Fig S3.1). The load is increased gradually
until failure occurs.

(a) Lakarkan persegi badan bebas “infinitesimal” untuk titik A.

Sketch a infinitesimal free body square corresponding to point A.

(b) Cari tegasan utama dan tegasan ricih maksimum dan tunjukkan orientasi
satahan tegasan-tegasan ini.
Find the principal stresses and maximum shear stress and indicate the orientation of
the plane on which these stress act.

( 2)
= ; = ; = ; , = ± ; = 20
32

(c) Andaikan bahan ini memberi data ujian dalam Rajah S1.1. Gunakan kriteria
oktahedral tegasan ricih, kira beban gagal P.
Assume that this materials has a stress-strain data as depicted in Fig Q1.1. Employ
the octahedral shear stress criterion to find the load P for onset of yielding.
( effective = ( − ) +( − ) +( − ) )
√

(d) Jika ada retak di permukaan, tunjukkan orientasi yang paling teruk (Rajah
S3.2) jika bahan adalah sama seperti di (c).
If there is a crack on the surface, indicate the most severe orientation (Fig Q3.2) if
the material is same as in (c).

(e) Terangan secara berskema dan ringkas mekanisme pertumbuhan retak jika
bahan adalah sama seperti di (c).
Provide for a schematically brief description for the mechanism of crack growth if the
material is the same as in (c).
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A P
T
Rajah S3.1
Fig Q3.1


P
T
Rajah S3.2
Fig Q3.2
(25 markah/marks)

4. Suatu bahan viscoelastic dimodelkan sebagai pepejal Maxwell. Ujian rayapan

dilakukan.
A viscoelastic material is modeled as a Maxwell solid. A creep test is performed.
(a) Lakarkan model reologi yang sepadan. Huraikan bagaimana anda boleh
mencirikan bahan ini menggunakan keputusan ujian rayapan dengan graf.
Sketch the corresponding rheological model. Describe how you could characterize
this material using the creep test results via a graph.
(b) Terbitkan persamaan konstitusi.
Derive the constitutive equation.
(c) Dapatkan sifat-sifat bahan dari Rajah S4 dan tentukan sesaran sekiranya
tegasan 100 MPa digunakan selama 10 jam.
Find the properties from the creep test depicted in Fig Q4 and solve for the
deformation is a constant stress of 100 MPa is applied for 10 hours over a more or
less constant temperature. ( = + )
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Rajah S4
Fig Q4

(25 markah/marks)

TAMAT
END