UNIT IV

Measure of Position and Measure of Shape

Established Goals

Content Standard/s:
 The learner demonstrates understanding of the key concepts of mean, median, and
mode of Ungrouped Data.
 Key concepts of measures of position such as Quartiles, Percentiles and deiles as
well as the standard normal variable z.

Performance Standard/s:
The learner is able to:
 Conduct a mini-research using the different descriptive measures of data that they
have studied, such as the measures of central tendency of variability and of
position.

Transfer:
Students will be able to dependently use their learning to:
 Analyze various sets of data that they encounter in their daily lives and make
more informed decisions based on the measures of position computed from these
data
 Consider the factor of uncertainty when making decisions based on statistics
derived from.

Meaning:
Understandings (U)
Students will understand that:
 Data may contain meanings that are not initially evident.
 Measures of position are helpful in comparing an individual data observation
from the rest of the data set.
 Measures of position may vary from one data set to another, so comparisons
across two or more data sets must be done carefully to avoid inaccurate
conclusions.
 Uncertainty is a natural characteristic of our daily lives.
 Measures of position and computed probability values must be used judiciously in
making decisions.

Essential Questions (EQs):

Students will keep considering the following questions:
  How does one know the most appropriate measure to describe a given data set?
 How will an understanding of probability help you in making important
decisions?
 Will your knowledge of the probability of an event influence your decisions about
these events? Why or why not?
 How can you make available data provide you with more information?
 What important information can you obtain from the different measures of
position?
 In what ways can measures of position be missed?
 You encounter various sets of data from media almost every day. How will you
decide whether or not to believe these data?

Acquisition:

Knowledge (K)
Students will know:
 The measures of position can be used to determine the relative standing of an
individual observation within a given set of numerical data.
 The standard score or z-score can be used to identify possible outliers in a given
data set.
 A box and whiskers plot or the five-number summary is a convenient way of
pictorially representing how the scores in a data set are spread out.
 The difference between priori and posterior probabilities.
 The basic probability terms such as experiments, sample space and events.
 The differences among sure events, impossible events, complementary events,
mutually exclusive events and independent events.

Skills (S)
Students will be skilled at:
 Computing the various measures of position, and converting all measures to
percentiles.
 Making simple decisions based on the computed probabilities of given events.

Stage 2: EVIDENCE OF LEARNING