PENGANTAR

PERENCANAAN DAN
PENGENDALIAN PROYEK

PRATIWI SETYANING PUTRI, ST, MT

Construction as a discpline is a combination
of art and science. While understanding the
technical aspects of construction is
extremely important, it is also essential that
construction professionals have knowledge
business and management aspects of the
profession.
Steps in the project development process

• Recognizing the need for the project

• Determining the techniqal and financial feasibility of the project
• Preparing detailed plans, specification, and cot estimates for the project
• Obtaining approval from regulatory agencies. This involves ascertaining
compliance with zoning regulations, building codes, and environmental and
other regulations.
The principal method in construction

• Construction employing an owner construction force

• Owner management of construction
• Construction by a general contractor
• Construction using a design/build (turnkey) contract
• Construction utilizing a construction management contract
Construction employing owner
construction force

Owner

Construction staff

Project director

Construction force
Owner-managed construction

Owner

Construction staff

Project director

* Either hired labor force or

Hired labor force Contractor contractor or both may be
employed
Construction by a general contractor

Owner

Inspection
Design firm Prime contractor

Subcontractor Contractor work force

Construction employing a design/ build
firm

Owner

Design/build firm

Design force Construction force

Subcontractor
Construction utilizing a construction
management contract

Owner

Construction manager

Design firm Construction firm

CONSTRUCTION TRENDS

• Increasing international competition

• Rapid changes in technology
• The wide availability of information via the internet
• Increasing speed and ease of communication
• Increasing governmental regulation of the industry
• Particularly in the areas of safety and environmental protection
Problems and prospects

The future of construction appears as dynamic as does

its past. An abundance problems, challanges,
opportunities, and reward wait for those who choose to
enter the construction industry.
To manage project

• Time
• Information
• Organization
• Quality
• Money
PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Construction plans are drawings that show the location, dimensions,

and details of the work to be performed.Type of contract drawings
include site drawings and detailed working drawings.
PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS

Construction technical specifications provide the detailed

requirements for the materials, equipment, and workmanship
to be incorporated into the project
PROVERBS THAT AFFECT PROJECT
PLANNING

• Failing to plan is planning to fail

• The primary benefit of not planning is that failure will then come as a
complete surprise rather than being preceded by periods of worry
and depression.
PLANNING

Consequences of poor planning:

• Project initiation without defined requirements
• Wild enthusiasm
• Disillusionment
• Chaos
• Search for the guilty
• Punishment of the nonparticipants
 THE PROJECT PLANNING AND
CONTROL SYSTEM
GOALS/OBJECTIVES WORK DESCRIPTION MASTER/DETAILED
NETWORK SCHEDULING
AND INSTRUCTION SCHEDULES

 System level
 Company level
Specs SOW WBS PERT/ CPM

TIME/COST/ BUDGETS
SYSTEM REPORTS PERFORMANCE TRACKING
MANAGEMENT DECISSION
MAKING • Time
State of nature • Cost

$
Strategies

• Performance
• Reliability
• Maintainability Time
Pay off tables Feedback • effectiveness
PLANNING

Basic reason for project planning:

• To eliminate or reduce uncertainty
• To improve efficiency of the operation
• To obtain a better understanding of the objectives
• To provide a basis for monitoring and controlling work
 9 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE
PLANNING PHASE

OBJECTIVES: a goal, target, or quota to be achived by a certain time

PROGRAM: the strategy to be followed and major actions to be taken in order to achieve
or exceed objectives

SCHEDULE: a plan showing when individual or group activities or accomplishments will be

started and/or completed

BUDGET: planned expenditures required to achieve or exceed objectives

 9 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE
PLANNING PHASE

FORECAST: a projection of what will happen by a certain time

ORGANIZATION: design of the number and kinds of positions, along with corresponding
duties and responsibilities, required to achieve or exceed objectives

POLICY: a general guide for decission-making and individual actions

PROCEDURE: a detailed method for carrying out of policy

STANDARD: a level of individual or group performance defined as adequate or acceptable