FOREIGN OF SHORT STORY:

THE OLD LADY BEGGING FOR A JOB

I am one of the unseen that have never been taken into any statistic. I am a female 61 yrs.
And I live and was not born in the south. This last part is very big on if you can get lived with
local company. I have 2 engineering degrees and was the Engineering manager for a large
pharmaceutical company. I had always wanted to have my own business and in 1995 went into
partnership with someone. In 2001 we were to the point of either hire someone to take care of
multiple of tasks or close. Since the tasks were all over the place finding some-one would be
very difficult here in central Texas. I close to quit my job feeling that I have my degrees that I
can fall back on. The first couple of years were great then the first the beginnings of the droughts
began and this severely impacted the business. Then the slowdown happened under Bush. We let
go our 1 employee very early on, my partner took a full time job. Being a man and from the area
he was able to easily find work. This meant though I ran the business by myself and my partner
had to work around 2006. We had plans to close the business but kept the place open since we
had a mortgage on the building we were located in. we looked for ways to make a little money to
make the building useful. But since everyone in the area was impacted buy drought and down
turn we had trouble. I went through most of my IRA taking the penalties just so bills could be
met. Credit cards were being used to keep takes paid insurance in place. I sent out close to 500
resumes. Most never were even acknowledged and those that where I told I was over qualified.
Whey you would press them they would fumble but I was sure my age was part of the “over
qualified. The thoughts of wanting life to be over were with me every day. I wanted the horror to
stop. Every time I would hear of the unemployment rates I would cry what about ME. I looked
into getting a teaching certificate but I did not have the $600 needed to get it. Because I had no
income I was not eligible for any loans to get the certification and heck-they are cutting teachers
so would I be getting deeper in debt for a certification that I would not be able to use. In 2008 I
was able to get a job at the local shelter as a dog trainer. That turned into a job as an Operations
Manager. Though I was thankful for the job we had a euthanasia rate of nearly 85%. I was the
one that would be the decision maker on who lives and lies of over 10,000 animals per year old
and the toll mentally were hard. Being salary I was working nearly 80 hours a week due to short
handed staff. During this time the credit card companies began really playing games with the
interest rates. Even though I had a job with interest rates of 20-26 percent I basically was only
paying the interest on accounts. I began looking for another job but again I was told over
qualified or met with companies in the area that have issues with women being in a “male
dominated” field. The board of directions and I had some disagreements some of which were
they wanted more euthanasia done. In February of 2012 I was given the choice of being fired or
resign due to the fact that I could not mentally give them what they wanted. I resigned. Since
February I began sending out 3 resumes a day. As the no return answer. Over qualified and now I
was getting I was out of engineering too long I started to set my sights lower. I have sent in
resumes to sit the booth in gas stations, secretary and so on. Local colleges have said I am
qualified to teach there but they quality wok for two free. But they cannot hire. In the mean time
I have filed for bankruptcy crying a river since I never thought I would do that I have picked up a
few small dog training jobs. Mentally have asked myself over and over what I did wrong. Now
the thoughts have been I want my life to end. Lastly I am the old lady with a couple of degrees
that has never been counted in the statistics and will continue to be the shadow that you see when
you walk down the street. I try to remember that I am not unique that there are others worse off
than I bit still have never been counted.
LOCAL SHORT STORY:

THE CAUSES AND IMPACTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT

The economic welfare of any country depends on the rate of the economic growth. There
are several determinants or the factors for the economic development of a country like
industrialization, agricultural, population, employment, etc. one of the major indicator for the
economic growth is unemployment rate, as it has an adverse impact on the whole economy.
What never there is high degree of unemployment rate the production improves thereby
increasing the standard of living (Anderson 2006). High unemployment rate in a country leads to
social and economic problems in the community as s whole. Economic problems result in the
community result in less production of goods and services, less distribution of income, loss of
tax revenues, fall in GDP rate etc. (www. Economy watch .com) social problems cause social ills
and shows effect on individuals financially and psychologically. Individuals cannot meet their
financial obligations on time and getting high stress which leads to problems like ill-health,
premature death suicides etc. (Clark 2003) . The economists describe unemployment as a
condition of jobless within an economy. Unemployment is lack of utilization of resources and it
eats up the production of the economy. It can be concluded that unemployment is inversely
related to productivity of the economy. The history of unemployment is directly related to
history of industrialization. It leads to unwanted job losses and willing workers without job. It is
worthwhile to mention here that not everyone who is out of work seen as unemployed. A person
with a large fortune not looking a job is not counted in the unemployment population in that he is
not willing to work in the first place, though he’s officially out of work. As such unemployment
refers to the inability for willing workers to find gainful employment. One of the major
indicators of the economic health of the country is degree of employment; the impact of high
unemployment is seen in the difficulties in finding mid level jobs. The pact is that minimum
wage level jobs are adequate but not considered as gainful employment of the majority of the
work force (Anderson 2006). Moreover, the effects of unemployment are social, too, not just
economic, frequently; crime rates rise as people are unable to meet their needs through work.
Diverse rates often rise because people cannot solve their financial problems. The rate of
homelessness rises, as do the rates for mental and physical illness. Homes are foreclosed upon or
abandoned, and neighbourhoods deteriorate and result. When there is high unemployment,
people pay fewer income taxes and also pay less in sales taxes because they purchase fewer
goods services. As such unemployment is not a good thing for anyone in our society, and even
the people who remain employed will suffer as a result (www. economy watch. com). The study
will enable to governments to take initiatives to increase the productivity for overall
development and reduction in unemployment. The study of unemployment will provide a
comparative data between private and public sector. It also gives indication of under employment
in private and public sectors. These factors become bases for the formulation of the monitory
policies of country for the future years.
FOREIGN ESSAY:

THE POLITICS OF THE UNEPLOYMENT RATE ESSAY

In order to find an answer to this research question and to prove the validity of the
hypothesis a quantitative approach will be taken. Since there have not been many studies
completed in this area of research, we will use an observational study involving uncontrolled
mean comparisons to explain the relationship between different independent variables to the
dependent variables of the unemployment rate.

We are just looking to see if there is a relationship at this time. Further research in the
future could involve using controlled mean comparisons to see if outside variable that can be
controlled is the actually cause of a relationship with the unemployment rate. We are not only
going test for relationship to see if our hypothesis are valid, which we could move on to this
future research. A quantitative approach works the best because we dealing with measurable
variables to see if the relationship actually exists between the dependent and the independent
variables or if it cause by something else.

A mean comparison analysis is the best tool for this research design because this type of
comparison “condenses relationships to a single easy-to-interpret measure of central tendency”.
A mean comparison is also dealing with ordinal level independent variables and an interval level
dependent variable or unemployment. The independent variable the we will use in our research
will be the amount of grease than can be use fir oil drilling, standardized testing scores for
different countries in math, reading, and science, amount in dollars of tax breaks for
multinational corporations and amount of endangered species in a given area.
FOREIGN ESSAY

THE TRUTH ABOUT AMERICAN UNEMPLOYMENT

By: JASON FURMAN

In the wake of the financial crisis in 2008 and the Great Recession that followed many
economists worried that even if the U.S. economy improved, unemployment would remain high
for years to come. Some warned darkly of a “jobless recovery”. Those fears have proved
unfounded: since peaking at ten pendent on October 2009, the U.S. unemployment rate, abroad
range of evidence shows that the labour market has largely returned to good health. Compared
with earlier in the recovery, far fewer workers are unemployed has fallen steadily from an all-
time high of four percent of the labour force in early 2010 to just over one percent today. And
adjusting for inflation, average hourly wages have been increasing for more than three years.

Yet one aspect of the labour market has stubbornly refused to improve; the labour force
participation rate. The share of Americans at least 16 years old who are working or looking for
work remains three percentage points lower today than it was prior to the onset of the recession
in December 2007. This is the case even though the unemployment rate has improved, because
the unemployment figure does not include those who have left the work force together. Most of
the decline in the labour force participation rate has resulted from a large retirement increase
than began 2008. That year, the oldest baby boomers turned 62 and became eligible for social
security. An aging population in down even among prime-age adults those between the ages 25
and 54. The decline is not unique to this particular economic recovery. Instead, it is the
continuation of a troubling pattern that began among men more than 60 years ago and among
women about 15 years old. In 1953, 97 percent of prime-age American men participated in the
labour force: today, that figure is down to 88 percent. In 1999, after decades during which
millions of women began to work outside the home, 77 percent of prime-age American women
participated in the labour force. Today, that figure has fallen to 74 percent. During both time
periods, the “United States” experienced larger drops in labour force participation that most other
advanced economies.

It is possible to view a drop in overall Labour force participation rates as a sign of

progress: more people can now support themselves in retirement without having to continue
working into old age, and many others are opting to stay in school longer, or raise families, or
simply workless and enjoy more leisure time. But the evidence is mounting that the decline in
prime-age participation represents a genuine problem for the U.S. economy and for American
society. First, it poses a challenge to sustainable long term economic growth, as a larger shape of
the population becomes more dependent on the economic output of a relatively smaller group of
workers. Second, And even more important, is the human toll of involuntary joblessness. The
loss of earnings from workers who move out of the labour force puts enormous strain on
households, affecting not only workers themselves but also their spouse’s children, and other
dependents. Many people who stay out of work for long periods find that their incomes remain
lower even where they ultimate manage to find new jobs. The effects of joblessness also reach
for beyond household finances. For decades, researchers have found that long lasting
unemployment can have severe consequences for mental health, physical health, and even
mortality: Recent years have seen a massive increase in upload drug abuse and associated rise in
overdose deaths and suicides among Americans without college degrees the same group that has
seen its labour force participation decline most precipitously over the past five decades. In other
words, a lack of work doesn’t simply mean less income. I can lead to more profound losses as
well. The good news is that there are a number of things that the government can do to help
address the problem: indeed, the fact that the widespread decline in labour force participation has
played out differently in different countries only underscores the extent to which economic
policy can make a difference.
LOCAL ESSAY:

“PHILIPPINES STRUGHLES WITH UNEMPLOYMENT DESPITE ECONOMIC

GROWTH”

-Felipe SAlvosa

One reason is that job creation has struggled to keep pace with an ever-expanding
population. In three of the past five years, the number of people entering the job market has been
greater than the number of job created. The conundrum highlights of spreading the benefits of
economic growth and suggests they have yet to trickle down to more deprived areas. Despite
rapid economic growth in the Philippines in recent years, unemployment remains a persistent
problem for the sprawling Southeast Asian nation, unemployment has fallen. The latest figures
show the rate at 64 percent in the second quarter of this year, down from 7 percent a year earlier.
But progress has been uneven and the Philippines still has one of the highest rates of
unemployment in the Asian region. One reason is that a job creation has struggled to
participation in the labour force remains relatively low. Only about 65 percent of the population
aged 15 and above is looking for work, one of the lowest levels in the region. This compares
with 78 percent in Vietnam, 72 percent in Thailand and 68 percent in Indonesia. This is partly
explained by the high value set on further education in the Philippines: young Filipinos typically
spend some time in college before entering the labour market, contributing to the lower
participation rate. Others in the region go to work earlier. Appear less serious than it is. more
from the financial times: Easing Philippine FDI inflows raise doubt, Philippines remittances
under threat. Such unpaid workers are not the only ones feeling held work.

In a government survey, 18 percent of workers said they would like to work longer
hours or get an extra job. Only 35 percent of these worked 40 hours or more a week. In an effort
to mirror the success of it’s a sign enamours, the Philippines government is seeking to improve
the quality of jobs available by ramping another factor may be the low quality of jobs available.
Last year, just 58 percent of workers in both formal and informal employment-were in what were
described as paid jobs. Of the rest, 28 percent were self-employed, with no guaranteed income
and 11 percent worked on family-owned farms or other businesses where they typically receive
food and logging but no actual cash, according to official statistics.

Benjamin Diokno, an economist at the University of the Philippines and former budget
minister, says this relatively large number of unpaid workers about 4 million people-“bloats” the
ranks of the employed and makes unemployment appear less serious than it is. the country’s
uneven unemployment makes has traditionally led millions of Filipinos to seek better paying
overseas. One out of every 10 Filipinos works abroad, sending billions of dollars in remittances
home, helping to driven domestic economy but doing little to promote employment. Jeremiah
Opiniano, a researcher at the University of Santo Tomas in Manila, points to central bank
showing that families’ overseas workers spend most of their disposable income on food,
household goods, education, medical expenses and debt repayment. Little wonder that job
creation cannot keep up with population growth.
“WRITING IS HARD, GETTING HELP IS PROFFESSIONAL PAPER WRITERS AND
EDITORS’’

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