Abstract

➢ Natural calamities are occur and they are unstoppable. But humans are
becoming increasingly aware in the concept of intelligent rescue
operations in such calamities so that precious life and material can be
saved though calamities cannot be stopped. Still there are lots of
disasters that occur all of a sudden and Earthquake is one such thing.
Earthquakes produce a devastating effect and they see no difference
between human and material. Hence a lot of times humans are buried
among the debris and it become impossible to detect them. In that time
rescue can only save the people who are buried and wounded.
➢ Detection by rescue workers becomes time consuming and due to the
vast area that gets affected it becomes more difficult. So the project
proposes an autonomous robotic vehicle that moves in the earthquake
prone area and helps in identifying the alive people and rescue
operations.
 Contents
1.Introduction
2.Block Diagram
3.Working Principle
4.Apparatus
5. References
 INTRODUCTION
➢ Building collapse, bomb explosions and natural calamities like Tsunami and
earthquake are often occur and cannot be stopped by humans even with much
advanced technology in today’s world.
In such disasters we see many of the bodies will be trapped under such collapses
and rescue teams and firefighters take much risk and try to save them. But there
is a chance that even with such great effort by the rescue teams, the found bodies
may be alive or in dead state which in turn a waste of precious time of the rescue
teams which can be utilized in saving other live bodies. So in such critical
conditions to assist rescue teams this project comes very handy. It takes care to
confirm whether the human or any other body is alive or not and inform the same
to the rescue teams so that they can take appropriate action on time. Previous
system uses controlling the robot using LM-328 micro controller and Bluetooth
wireless technology which has a limitation in distance and performance.
➢ To overcome such problem this project was designed using high performance
Raspberry Pi3 which is a credit-card sized single board minicomputer and the
wireless technology used is Wi-Fi which can cover much long distance.
Block Diagram
 Working Principle

A unique Passive Infrared sensor(PIR) is used in the project

which emits infrared rays to detect humans. As live human
body emits thermal radiation it is received and manipulated
by the PIR sensor to detect humans. Once the people are
located it immediately gives audio alert visual alerts to the
authorities so that help can reach the live person so fast.
This PIR sensor is placed on a moving all direction robot that
can maneuver in the earthquake prone areas. The robot is
driven on a geared dc motor for increased torque and low
speed and stepper motor for increased turning accuracy
hence the precise control of position is monitored. The robot
consists of a three wheel geared drive with DC motors
attached to perform forward and reverse movement.
 Hardware&Software Components

Hardware Modules Required:

➢ Raspberry Pi 3: Model B+, 1GB SD RAM, 1.2 GHz

➢ SD card : 128 GB/80Mbps
➢ Passive Infrared Rays (P.I.R) sensor: 3.3v, 1200 angle, 5-
8sec delay
➢ Ultra sonic sensor : 5v, 4 meters, 15° angle
➢ USB camera: 20 mega pixel
➢ DC motors: 3-9 v range
➢ Motor driver: L293D
➢
Wi-Fi router: 150-300 meters range
➢ Power bank : 5V/1.5A for Pi board
➢ Rechargeable battery: 9v for motors
Software Tools Required:

➢
Raspbian OS: Flavour of Debian Linux
➢
Python: Latest version(3.7)
➢
Web Page Language:PHP
➢
Wiring Pi library
➢
Camera Software:Camorama
➢
Python Gipo
Raspberry Pi:

Main module used in the project is Raspberry pi 3

which is a credit card sized minicomputer with high
performance and reasonable cost. The main
advantage of this Pi board is it comes with inbuilt on
board Wi-Fi and Bluetooth which is an added
advantage. It comes with 1GB SDRAM@400Mhz and
Quad core processor with 1GHz speed.
Passive Infra Red (PIR) Sensor:

Next important module is the PIR sensor which is

used to detection the human presence in the
project. It consists of three pins namely Vcc, Out
and Gnd pin. The range of the device varies from
application and also depends on environment it is
been operating.
Working of PIR in pictorial way
USB Camera:

The USB camera used here is to know the live

streaming of the location and also used to confirm
presence of human being. The cam used in the
project is directly connected to Pi board via USB
port and can be accessed by entering its IP address.
Wi-Fi Router:

Wi-Fi router used in the project is to create

a hotspot so that the Raspberry Pi and the
PC gets connected via a network and can
be operated to control the robot in the field.
The maximum range is 150m in this case.
References
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