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Navier-Stokes Equations
Navier-Stokes Equations
Consider steady, incompressible, laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in the
narrow gap between two infinite parallel plates. The top plate is moving
at a speed V and the bottom plate is stationary. The distance between
these two plates is h, and gravity acts in the negative z-direction (into the
page).
𝑔 = −𝑔𝑘 𝑜𝑟 𝑔𝑥 = 𝑔𝑦 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔𝑧 = −𝑔
Navier-Stokes Equations
The boundary conditions come from imposing the no-slip condition.
• At the bottom plate (at y = 0),
x y z 0
• At the top plate (at y = h),
x and y z 0
Start with the incompressible continuity equation in Cartesian
coordinates:
Assumption 4:
Incompressible fluid
v x v y v z
vx vy vz 0
t x y z x y z
Assumption 2:
Steady flow
Navier-Stokes Equations
The incompressible continuity equation in Cartesian coordinates:
v x v y v z
0
x y z
Assumption 4:
Incompressible fluid
Assumption 7:
Two-dimensional
v x v y v z
0
x y z
Assumption 3:
Parallel flow
v y
0
x
Navier-Stokes Equations
v x
0
x
This means that the velocity is not a function of x, i.e. the flow is the same
at any x-location (fully developed).
2 3 7 8 6 7
2vx
0 Integrate twice to solve
y 2
vx ( y)
0
x
y
x V
h
Navier-Stokes Equations
The velocity field reveals a simple linear velocity profile from vx = 0 at the
bottom plate to vx = V at the top plate.