1

GATE – 2019 SOLUTION

SET-I (MORNING SESSION)

Question 1
The sum and product of two integers are 26 and 165 respectively. The difference between these two
integers is
(A) 6 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4
Ans. (D)
Sol. Let the two Integers be ‘a’ and ‘b’
Given,
That a + b = 26 ….(i)
a b = 165 ….(ii)
From (i) and (ii)

(a  b)2  (a  b)2  4ab

 (26) 2  4(165)

= 676 – 660
= 16
a–b=4
Question 2
________ I permitted him leave, I wouldn’t have had any problem with him being absent ______ I?
(A) Have, would (B) Have, wouldn’t (C) Had, wouldn’t (D) Had, would
Ans. (D)

Question 3
John Thomas, an __________ writer, passed away in 2018.
(A) eminent (B) imminent (C) dominant (D) prominent

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Ans. (A)

Question 4
The minister avoided any mention of the issue of women’s reservation in private sector. He was accused
of _______ the issue.
(A) Skirting (B) Tying (C) Belting (D) Collaring
Ans. (A)

Question 5
A worker noticed that hour hand on the factory clock hand moved by 225 degree during her stay at the
factory. For how long did she stay in the factory?
(A) 4 hours and 15 mins (B) 7.5 hours
(C) 3.75 hours (D) 8.5 hours
Ans. (B)
Sol. We know that,
The complete rotation of the hour hand clock (i.e. 360 degrees) represents 12 hours duration.
12
Therefore, the duration for the rotation of the hour hard as the clock by 225degrees is  225  7.5
360
 The worker stayed in the factory for 7.5 hours
Question 6
M and N had four children (P, Q, R and S) of them, only P and R are married. They had children X and Y
respectively. If Y is the legitimate child of W, which one of the following statement is necessarily FALSE?
(A) W is the wife of P (B) W is the wife of R
(C) M is grandmother of Y (D) R is father of Y
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given That,
P, Q, R and S childhood of M and N and among Them The only married People are P and R, and also
given That X is child of ‘P’ and ‘Y’ is child of R and also legitimate child of ‘W’ Therefore ‘W’ cannot
be the wife of ‘P’, and It is The false Statement.
The false option (A)
Question 7
A person divided an amount of Rs.100000 into two parts and invested in two different schemes. In one he
got 10% profit and in the other he got 12%. If the profit percentages are interchanged with these
investments he would have got Rs.120 less. Find the ratio between his investments in the two schemes.
(A) 37 : 63 (B) 47 : 53 (C) 9 : 16 (D) 11 : 14
Ans. (B)Sol. Let ‘x’ be one of the part of divided amount 100000 rupees and ‘y’ be the other Part, with
respective given Profit Percentages in The Schemed of investment of Both The amounts as 10% and 12%
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 x + y = 100,000 …(i)

It is given that, it the Profit Percentages are Inter changed then he would have got 120 Rs. less.

i.e., (10% on x + 10% on y) – (12% on x + 10% on y) = 120

 (0.1 x + 0.12 y) – (0.12 x + 0.1 y) = 120

 0.02 y – 0.02 x = 120

 y – x = 6000 …(ii)

By Adding equation (i) and (ii),

2 y  100000

 y  53000

From (i)  x  47000

47000 47
 The ratio between the Person Investments in the two schemes is   47 : 53
53000 53

Question 8
A firm hires employees at five different skill levels P, Q, R, S, T. The shares of employment at these skill
levels of total employment in 2010 is given in the pie chart as shown. There were a total of 600 employees
in 2010 and the total employment increased by 15% from 2010 to 2016. The total employment at skill
levels P, Q and R remained unchanged during this period. If the employment at skill level S increased by
40% from 2010 to 2016 how many employees were there at skill level T in 2016?

(A) 60 (B) 35 (C) 30 (D) 72

Ans. (A)
Sol. Given that, the total number of Employees in 2010 were 600
Increased number of Employees from 2010 to 2016 were 15% of 600 = 90

From the Pie Chart

No. of Employees of skill level ‘T’ = 5% of 600 = 30

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No. of Employees of skill level ‘S’ = 25% of 600 = 150

No. of Employees of skill level ‘S’ Increased from 2010 to 2016 = 40% of 150 = 60

It is given that, the total Increased No of Employees from 2010 to 2016 were only in Skill level T and S
i.e. ‘90’.

 No. of Employees of skill level ‘T’ Increases from 2010 to 2016 = 90 – 60 = 30

 The No. of Employees of skill level ‘T’ in 2016 = 30 + 30 = 60

Question 9
Congo was named by Europeans Congo’s dictator Mobuto later changed the name of the country and the
river to Zaire with the objective of Africanising names of person and space. However the name Zaire was
a Portuguese alteration of Nzadi O Nzere, a local African term meaning. River that swallows Rivers. Zaire
was the Portuguese name for the Congo River in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the paragraph above?
(A) Mobuto was not entirely successful in Africanising the name of his country
(B) Mobuto’s desire to Africanise names was prevented by the Portuguese
(C) The team Nzadi O Nzere was of Portuguese origin
(D) As a dictator Mobuto ordered the Portuguese to alter the name of the river to Zaire
Ans. (A)

Question 10
Under a certain legal system, prisoners are allowed to make one statement. If their statement turns out to
be true then they are hanged. If the statement turns out to be false then they are shot. One prisoner made
a statement and the judge had no option but to set him free. Which one of the following could be that
statement?
(A) I did not commit the crime (B) You committed the crime
(C) I will be shot (D) I committed the crime
Ans. (C)

Technical
.Technical Part.

Question 1
For a hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed laminar flow through a circular pipe of constant
cross-section, the Nusselt number at constant wall heat flux ( Nu q ) and that at constant wall temperature
( NuT ) are related as
(A) Nuq  NuT (B) Nuq  ( NuT )2 (C) Nuq  NuT (D) Nuq  NuT
Ans. (A)
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Sol. For a fully developed Laminar flow Nusselt number at constant wall heat flux ( Nuq )  4.364
Nusselt number at constant wall temperature ( NuT )  3.66
 Nuq  NuT
Question 2
A solid cube of side 1 m is kept at a room temperature of 320 C . The coefficient of linear thermal expansion
of the cube material is 1105 / 0 C and the bulk modulus is 200 GPa. If the cube is constrained all around
and heated uniformly to 420 C , then the magnitude of volumetric (mean) stress (in MPa) induced due to
heating is _______.
Ans. 60 MPa
Sol. If the cube is constrained in all direction, mean stress, 
 TE

(1  2)
E  3 K (1  2)
E
 3K
(1  2)
   T (3K )
  1105  (42  32)  3  200 103
  60 MPa

Question 3
The table presents the demand of a product. By simple three-months moving average method, the demand
forecast of the product for the month of September is
Month December
January 450
February 440
March 460
April 510
May 520
June 495
July 475
August 560

(A) 490 (B) 530 (C) 536.67 (D) 510

Ans. (D)
Sol. It is the simple average of June, July and August

Question 4

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Air of mass 1 kg, initially at 300 K and 10 bar, is allowed to expand isothermally till it reaches a pressure
of 1 bar. Assuming air as an ideal gas with gas constant of 0.287 kJ/kg K, the change in entropy of air (in
kJ/kg K, round off to two decimal place) is _______.
Ans. 0.6608
Sol.

For an ideal gas, change in entropy ( S ) us given by,

T2 P 
S 2  S1  C p ln  R ln  2 
T1  P1 
Since, the process is isothermal,
T1  T2
T2 T
 1  ln 2 ln (1)  0
T1 T1
P 
 S 2  S1   R ln  2 
 P1 
P
S 2  S1  R ln  1 
 P2 
 10 
S2  S1  0.287  ln  
1
S2  S1  0.6608kJ / kg-K
Question 5
During a high cycle fatigue test a metallic specimen is subjected to cyclic loading with a mean stress of
+140 MPa, and minimum stress of -70 MPa. The R-ratio (minimum stress to maximum stress) for this
cyclic loading is _________ (round off to one decimal place)
Ans. –0.2
Sol. mean  140
min  70
max   min
 mean 
2
  (70)
140  max
2
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max  350 MPa

min 70
Stress ratio, R  
max 350
R  0.2
Question 6
In a casting process a vertical channel through which molten metal flows downward, from pouring basin
to runner for reaching the mould cavity is called
(A) Riser (B) Blister (C) Pin Hole (D) Sprue
Ans. (D)

Question 7
A flat faced follower is driven using a circular eccentric cam rotating at constant angular velocity  . At
t  0 , vertical position of follower is y (0)  0 and the system is in the configuration shown below.

The vertical position of follower face y (t ) is given by

(A) e sin t (B) e(1  cos 2t ) (C) e sin 2t (D) e(1  cos t )

Ans. (D)
Sol. For eccentric circular com with flat face follower the motion of the follower is given by projection of
Euler point of com on the line of action of follower

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Thus for  " rotation of com

y  e  e cos 

y  e (1  cos )

  t
y  e (1  cos t )

Question 8
The position vector OP of point P(20, 10) is rotated anticlockwise in XY plane by an angle of 300 such
that the point P occurs position Q as shown in the figure. The coordinates (x, y) of Q are

(A) (22.32, 8.26) (B) (18.66, 12.32) (C) (12.32, 18.66) (D) (13.40, 22.32)
Ans. (C)
Sol. Given Position Vector OP  20iˆ  10 ˆj

P(20,10)

r  x2  y 2  r 202  102  10 5

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y 10  10 
tan    tan      tan  
z 20  20 
  26.56
 Co-ordinates of Point “Q” are
x  r cos 

x  10 5 cos 56.560

x  12.32

 Total angle,   300  26.56

  56.560

y  r sin   10 5  sin 56.560

y  18.659 18.66

 Q  (12.32;18.66)

Question 9
As per common design practice, three types of hydraulic turbines in decreasing order of flow rate are
(A) Pelton, Kaplan Francis (B) Kaplan, Francis, Pelton
(C) Pelton, Francis, Kaplan (D) Francis, Kaplan, Pelton
Ans. (B)
Sol. Power  WQH
For given power, high head turbine is a low discharge turbine,
Turbine Head Discharge
Pelton wheel High Low
Francis Medium Medium
Kaplan Low High

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Question 10
During a non-flow thermodynamic process (1-2), executed by a perfect gas, the heat interaction is equal
to the work interaction, (Q1-2  W1-2 ) . When the process is
(A) Polytropic (B) Adiabatic (C) Isentropic (D) Isothermal
Ans. (D)
Sol. For a non-flow process,
dQ  dU  dW
For an ideal gas, internal energy a function of temperature
U  f (T )
T  Constant  U  Constant  dU  0
 dQ  0  dW
dQ  dW
i.e. for an ideal gas undergoing isothermal process, heat transfer is equal to work transfer.

Question 11
Consider an ideal vapour compression refrigeration cycle. If the throttling process is replaced by an
isentropic expansion process, keeping all the other processes unchanged, which one of the following
statements in true for the modified cycle?
(A) Refrigeration effect is lower than that of the original cycle.
(B) Coefficient of performance is higher than that of the original cycle.
(C) Coefficient of performance is lower than that of the original cycle.
(D) Coefficient of performance is same as that of the original cycle.
Ans. (B)
Sol.

1-2-3-4  V-C cycle with isentropic expansion

1-2-3-41  V-C cycle with throttling

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RE
COP 
Win
(RE)throttling  h1  h41
(RE)isentropic  h1  h4
(RE)isentropic  (RE)throttling
In isentropic process, some work is obtained during expansion and hence net work input is less in
isentropic expansion V-C cycle
 COP is more than original cycle.
Question 12
A cylindrical rod of diameter 10 mm and length 1.0 m is fixed at one end. This other end is twisted by an
angle of 100 by applying a torque. If the maximum shear strain in the rod is p  103 , then p is equal to ____
(round off to two decimal places)
Ans. 0.872

Sol. d  10 mm  r  5mm  5 103 m

l  1m

10  

180
G

G  G G 
  
l r l r

r 5 103 10  
  
l 1 180

 0.8726 103

 P  0.8726
Question 13
dy 3
For the equation  7 x 2 y  0 , if y (0)  , then the value of y(1) is
dx 7
3  73 7  73 7  73 3  73
(A) e (B) e (C) e (D) e
7 3 3 7
Ans. (A)

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Sol. Given Differential equation is

dy 3
 7 x 2 y  0 , and y (0)  ,
dx 7
x
1
 3/7 y dy  0 7 x
2

3
3
7x
 ln y  ln    
7 3
 7y 
3
7x
 ln    
 3  3
7
3  x3
 y e 3
7
3  73 (1)3 3  73
The value of y (1)  e  e
7 7
Question 14
A block of mass 10 kg rests on a horizontal floor. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m/s 2. The
coefficient of static friction between the floor and the block is 0.2. A horizontal force of 10 N is applied
on the block as shown in the figure. The magnitude of force of friction (in N) on the block is _______.

Ans. 10
Sol.

F.B.D

y-dir :
Fy  0  N  mg  0

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 N  mg  98.1N

Limiting friction f L  N  0.2  98.1  19.62N

F  10 N < f L  19.62

 Block is at rest
 f L  F  10N

Question 15
Consider the stress-strain curve for an ideal elastic-plastic strain hardening metal as shown in the figure.
The metal was loaded in uniaxial tension starting from O. Upon loading, the stress-strain curve passes
through initial yield point at P and then strain hardens to point Q. where the loading was stopped. From
point Q, the specimen was unloaded to point R, where the stress is zero. If the same specimen is reloaded
in tension from point R, the value of stress at which the material yields again is ________ MPa.

Ans. (210)
Sol. Due to work hardening yield strength will increase. So that material will yield again at 210 MPa.

Question 16
4 
Water flows through pipe with velocity v    x  y  ˆj m/s, where ĵ is the unit vector in y  direction,
t 
at t ( 0) is in sec and x and y are in metres. The magnitude of total acceleration ( x, y )  (1,1) at t  2
seconds is ______ m/s.
Ans. 3
ur  4 
Sol. V    x  y  ˆj
t 
ur
V  uiˆ  vjˆ
4
V  x  y ;u  0
t

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r
a  ax iˆ  a y ˆj
u u u
ax  u v 
x y t
v v v
ay  u v 
x y t
ax  0
4   4
a y  0(1)    x  y  (1)    2 
t   t 
 a  ax iˆ  a y ˆj
a  a y ˆj
 4  4
a    x  y   2  ˆj
 t  t 
 4  4
a    1  1  2  ˆj
 2  2 
a3
 a  32  3
Question 17
The length, width and thickness of a steel sample are 400 mm, 40 mm and 20 mm respectively. Its
thickness need to be uniformly reduced by 2 mm in a single pass by using horizontal slab milling. The
milling cutter (diameter : 100 mm, width : 50 mm) has 20 teeth and rotates at 1200 rpm. The feed per
tooth is 0.05 mm. The feed direction is along the length of the sample. If the over-travel distance is the
same as the approach distance, the approach distance and time taken to complete the required machining
task are
(A) 21 mm, 28.9 s (B) 14 mm, 21.4 s (C) 14 mm. 18.4 s (D) 21 mm, 39.4 s
Ans. (B)
Sol. Given
Depth of cut (d) = 2mm
D = 100mm
W= 50mm
Z=20 teeth
N= 1200 rpm
f = 0.05. (20) mm/rev
f= 1 mm/rev
In slab-milling approach
 d (D  d )
 2(100  2)
 14mm
As Approach = over travel
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Hence, Total length covered by tool = 400 + (2 x 14)= 428mm

Time/Pass =
428
 min
1200
 0.3566 min
 21.4sec

Question 18
1 1 0
 1  . The number of distinct eigenvalues of P is
Consider the matrix P  0 1
0 0 1 
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 3
Ans. (C)
Sol.
1 1 0 
P  0 1 1 
0 0 1 
Since ‘P’ is an upper triangular matrix, the Eigen value of ‘e’ are principal diagonal elements which are
1, 1, 1 (i.e.   1 )
The number of distinct Eigen value is 1.

Question 19
Which one of the following welding methods provides the highest heat flux ( W / mm 2 )?
(A) Tungsten inert gas welding (B) Laser beam welding
(C) Plasma arc welding (D) Oxy-acetylene gas welding
Ans. (B)
Question 20
A spur gear with 200 full depth teeth is transmitting 20 kW at 200 rad/s. The pitch circle diameter of the
gear is 100 mm. The magnitude of the force applied on the gear in the radial direction is
(A) 0.73 kN (B) 1.39 kN
(C) 0.36 kN (D) 2.78 kN
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given :

P  20 kW  20 103 W

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  200 rad/sec
r  0.05 m
  200

FR  Ft tan  … (i)

 P  T 
P  Ft  r  

P 20 103
Ft    2000 N
r 0.05  200
FR  Ft tan   2000 tan 20  727.94 N

FR  0.73 kW

Question 21
A slender rod of length L and diameter d ( L  d ) and thermal conductivity K1 is joined with another rod
of identical dimensions, but of thermal conductivity K 2 , to from a composite cylindrical rod of length 2L.
The heat transfer in radial direction of contact resistance are negligible. The effective thermal conductivity
of the composite rod is
K1 K 2 2K1 K 2
(A) (B) K1 K 2 (C) (D) K1  K 2
K1  K 2 K1  K 2
Ans. (C)
Sol.

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T  QRth

Rth = Thermal resistant

For the same heat transfer and temp drop

Rth must besame

L L 2L
 
K1 A K 2 A K e A

1 1 2L
 
K1 K 2 K e A

K1  K 2 2

K1 K 2 Ke

2 K1 K 2
Ke 
K1  K 2

Question 22
The natural frequencies corresponding to the spring-mass systems I and II are 1 and 2 , respectively.
1
The ratio is
2

1 1
(A) 2 (B) (C) (D) 4
4 2
Ans. (C)
Sol. (i)

(ii)

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k
1 2m  1
Thus : 
2 2k 2
m

Question 23
A Parabolic x  y 2 with 0  x  1 as shown in figure. The volume of the solid of rotation obtained by
rotating the shaded area of 3600 around the x-axis is

 
(A) (B) 2 (C)  (D)
4 2
Ans. (D)
Sol. When the area under parabola x  y 2 with 0  x  1 shown in the figure is rotated by 3600 around
the x-axis the volume of the solid obtained is given by
b
Volume   y 2dx
a

 x  dx
1 2
 
0

1   2 1 
  x dx  x 0
0 2 2
Question 24
The length of large stocks of titanium rods follow normal distribution with () of 440 mm and standard
deviation (σ) of 1 mm. What is the percentage of rods whose length lie between 438 mm and 441 mm?
(A) 81.85% (B) 68.4% (C) 86.64% (D) 99.75%
Ans. (A)
Sol.
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X  440 mm

Area with in    68%  2    34%

Area with in  2  4  95%  2  47.5%

So, total area  34  47.5  81.5%

Question 25
4
Evaluation of  2
x3dx using a 2 equal segment trapezoidal rule gives a value of _______.

Ans. 63
4
Sol. Given integral is  2
x3dx

When integral function is y  f ( x)  x3 and ‘x’ boundaries for 2 equal segment are (with ‘h’ = 1)
x0  2, x1  3, x2  4 with respective function values
y0  8, y1  27, y2  64
 According to trapezoidal rule

h
( y0  y2 )  2( y1 )
b
a 2
y.dx 

1 1
 8  64  2(27)   (126)  63
2 2
Question 26
At a critical point in a component, the state of stress is given as  xx  100 MPa ,  yy  200 MPa,
 xy   yx  80 MPa and all other stress components are zero. The yield strength of the material is 468
MPa. The factor of safety on basis of maximum stress theory is _______. (round off to one decimal place).
Ans. 1.8
 x  100;  y  220;  xy  80

100  220 100  220 

2

1,2      802
Sol. 2  2 
1  160  100  260
2  160  100  60
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1   2  2  3 3  1
max  Max.of , ,
2 2 2
3  0
max  Max.of 100,30,130
max  130

 yield ( AccordingtoMax.shear )  0.56 y  0.56  468  234

234
 F .O.S   1.8
130

Question 27
If one mole of H 2 gas occupies a rigid container with a capacity of 1000 litres and the temperature is
raised from 270 C to 370 C , the change in pressure of the contained gas (round off to two decimal places),
assuming ideal gas behavior, is _______ Pa. ( R  8.314 J / mol-K ).
Ans. 83.14

Sol. V  1000litre = 1000 103m3  1m3

t1  270 C; t2  370 C

1 1  nRT1
PV

P1 1  1 8.314  (300)

P1  2494.2 Pa

Rigid container  Constant volume

P1 P2 PT
   P2  1 2
T1 T2 T1

PT 310
P2  1 2
 2494.2 
T1 300

P2  2577.34 Pa

Change in pressure, P2  P1  83.14 Pa

Question 28
The rotor of a turbojet engine of an aircraft has a mass 180 kg and polar moment of inertia 10 kg-m 2 about
the rotor axis. The rotor rotates at a constant speed of 1100 rad/s in the clockwise direction when viewed

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from the front of the aircraft. The aircraft while flying at a speed of 800 km per hour takes a turn with a
radius of 1.5 km of the left. The gyroscopic moment exerted by the rotor on the aircraft structure and the
direction of motion of the nose when the aircraft turns, are
(A) 1629.6 N.m and the nose goes down
(B) 162.9 N.m and the nose goes up
(C) 162.9 N.m and the nose goes down
(D) 1629.8 N.m and the nose goes up
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given :
m  180 kg

I  10 kg-m 2

  1100 rad/sec

 5
V  800 km/hr  800   m/sec
 18 

R  1.5 km  1500 m

Rotor is Rotating clockwise from front side

V 
Gyroscopic couple J  I  p  I   
R

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V 
 10  1100   
R
5 1
 10 1100  800  
18 1500
J  1629.62 N-m
The sense of this couple on turbojet will be decided by reactive gyroscopic couple axis.
Thus the Nose of turbojet will goes down.
Question 29
The wall of a constant diameter pipe of length 1 m is heated unformly with flux q” by wrapping a heater
coil around it. The flow at the inlet to the pipe is hydrodynamically fully developed. The fluid is
incompressible and the flow is assumed to be laminar and steady all through the pipe. The bulk
temperature of the fluid is equal to 00 C at the inlet and 500 C at the exit. The wall temperatures the
measured at three locations, P, Q and R, as shown in the figure. The flow thermally develops after some
distance from the inlet. The following measurements are made:

Point P Q R
0
Wall temp ( C) 50 80 90

Among the locations, P, Q and R, the flow is thermally developed at

(A) R only (B) P and Q only (C) P, Q and R (D) Q and R only
Ans. (D)
Sol.

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For a fully developed thermal flow,

Ts  Tm  Constant

The bulk mean temperature of the fluid increases linearly

 At x  0 Tm  00 C

At x  1 m Tm  500 C

dT
  500 C / m (Constant slope)
dx

Tm at x  0.2 m is 100 C

Tm at x  0.4 m is 200 C

Tm at x  0.6 m is 300 C

Tm at x  0.8 m is 400 C

At R Ts  Tm  90  40  500C (x  0.8m)

At Q( x  0.6 m)  Ts  Tm  80  30  500C

 Ts  Tm  500 C = Constant

But at P, Ts  Tm  50  20  300C (x  0.4 m)

 Points Q and R indicate fully developed flow.

Question 30
Five jobs (J1, J2, J3, J4 and J5) need to be processed in a factory. Each job can be assigned to any of the
five different machines (M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5). The time durations taken (in minutes) by the machines

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for each of the jobs, are given in the table. However, each job is assigned to a specific machine in such a
way that the total processing time is minimum. The total processing time is ________ minutes.

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5
J1 40 30 50 50 58
J2 26 38 60 26 38
J3 40 34 28 24 30
J4 28 40 40 32 48
J5 28 32 38 22 44

Ans. 146 min

Sol.

Iteration (1) : Subtracting each row with minimum value of respective row
Iteration (2) : Subtracting each column with minimum value of each

Assign row and column

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Minimum time  J1  M 2 ; J 2  M 5 ; J 3  M 3 ; J 4  M1 ; J 5  M 4

30  38  28  28  22  146min

Question 31
A single block brake with a short shoe and torque capacity of 250 N-m is shown. The cylindrical brake
drum rotates anticlockwise at 100 rpm and the coefficient of friction is 0.25. The value of a, in mm (round
off to one decimal place), such that the maximum actuating force P is 2000 N, is ______

Ans. 212.5
Sol.

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TB  Ft .r  250  Ft  a

250
Ft 
a
Taking moments about hinge,
a
Ft   R (a )  P (2.5 a )
4
Ft  R

a
R   Ra  2.5 Pa
4
R
0.25   R  2.5 P
4

 1
R 1    2.5  2000
 16 

R  4705.88
TB  Ft r  TB  Ra

250  0.25  4705.88  a

a  0.2125 m
 a  212.5 mm

Question 32
The set of equations
x  y  z 1
ax  ay  3z  5
5 x  3 y  az  6
has infinite solution if a =
(A) – 4 (B) 3 (C) – 3 (D) 4
Ans. D

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Sol.
Given set of equation

x  y  z 1
ax  ay  3z  5
5 x  3 y  az  6
The matrix representation of above set of fact is

AX  B
Where,

1 1 1   x  1 
A   a  a 3  , x   y   5
 

 5  3 a   z  6

Since, the system has infinite solution

[Rank (A)] = Rank (A : B) < number of unknown
i.e. Rank (A) < 3
1 1 1
 A  0  a a 3  0
5 3 a

 1(a 2  a)  1(a 2  15)  1(3a  5a)  0

 2a 2  2a  24  0
 a 2  a  12  0
 a 2  4a  3a  12  0
 a(a  4)  3(a  4)  0
 (a  3)(a  4)  0
 a  3(or) 4
If a=4,
Then the augmented matrix
1 1 1 1 
A   4 4 3 5  Contains one dependent row i.e., R3=R1+R2
5 3 4 6  34

i.e., Rank of (A/B) < 3

Therefore a value must be ‘4’.
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Question 33
A cube of side 100 mm is placed at the bottom of container on one of its faces. The density of cube material
is 800 kg/m3 . Liquid of density 1000 kg/m3 is poured into the container. The minimum height to which
the liquid needs to poured into the container for the cube to just lift up is ________ mm.
Ans. 80

Sol. FBuoyancy  Weight of the cube

 f gVf  cube gVcube

1000  A  h  800  A 100

h  80 mm
Question 34
The value of the following definite integral is ________ (round off to three decimal places)
e
 1
x (ln x ) dx

Ans. 2.097
Sol. Given integral is
e
e
 x2 1x
2

1 ( x ln x ) dx  

(ln x )
2
    dx 
 x  2 1
e
 x2 x 2  e2 e2 1
2    
4 1 2
ln x ln e
 4 4
e2 1
   2.097264  2.097
4 4

Question 35
A car having weight W is moving in the direction as shown in the figure. The center of gravity (CG) of
the car is located at height h from the ground, midway between the front and rear wheels. The distance
between the front and rear wheels is l. The acceleration of the car is a, and acceleration due to gravity is
g. The reactions on the front wheels ( R f ) and rear wheels ( Rr ) are given by

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W W h W W h
(A) R f     a ; Rr     a
2 g l 2 g l
W W h
(B) Rr    a
2 g l
W W h
(C) R f  Rr    a
2 g l
W W h W W h
(D) R f     a; Rr     a
2 g l 2 g l
Ans. D
Sol. F. B. D of Car,

In x-direction: DE
f r  f f  ma

W
Rr  R f  a …..(1)
g

In Y – direction: SE

Rr  R f  W ….. (2)

Rr  W  R f

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Solving (1) and (2)

W
(1)   W  R f   R f  a
g

W
w  R f  R f  a
g

W
2R f  w  a
g

W Wa
 Rf   …..(3)
2 2g

 W Wa 
Rr  W  R f  W    
 2 2g 
2W Wa
Rr   …..(4)
2 2g

Taking moment about C. G. ACW  + ve

M G  0 CW  – ve

1 l
2
 R f    Rr   hf f  hf r  0
2
1 l
R f  Rr  hf f  hf r  0
2 2

l  W Wa  l  W Wa   W Wa   W Wa 
        h     h   0
2  2 2g  2  z 2g   2 2g   2 2g 
Wl Wal Wl Wal Wh Wah Wh Wah
       0
4 4mg 4 4g 2 2g 2 2g

Wah Wal

g 2g

l
 ……(5)
2h

W Wa zh W W  h 
(3)  Rf       a
2 zg l 2 g l

W Wa zh W W  h 
(4)  Rr       a
2 zg l 2 g l

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Question 36
In a UTM experiment, a sample of length 100 mm, was loaded in tension until failure. The failure load
was 40 kN. The displacement, measured using the cross-head motion, at failure, was 15 mm. The
compliance of the UTM is constant and is given by 5 108 m / N . The strain at failure in the sample is
________ %.
Ans. 2
1
Sol. Compliance =
Stiffness
L
=
P

L
 C (Given)
P

PL
 l
AE

l
 
L
C
P AE

 AE 
L
……………(i)
C

 L  P
Strain  
 L  AE
L
From (i) AE 
C

L P
 
P L
 
C 
L PC
 …………(ii)
P L

Given L = 100 mm, P = 40 kN and C  5 10-8 m/N

Form equation (ii) ……….
L
 2  10 2
L

L
100  2  102  100
L

Strain in % = 2
Question 37

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A Gas is heated in a duct as it flows over resistance heater. Consider 101 kW electric heating system. The
gas enters the heating section of the duct at 100 kPa and 27 0C with a volume flow rate of 15 m3/s. If heat
is lost from the gas in the duct to the surroundings at a rate of 51 kW, the exit temperature of the gas is
(Assume constant pressure, ideal gas negligible change in kinetic and potential energies and constant
specific heat : C p  1 kJ/kg K , R  0.5 kJ/kg K )
(A) 53 0C (B) 37 0C (C) 32 0C (D) 76 0C
Ans. (C)
Sol. The heat absorbed by the gas per second  101  51  50 kJ
PV  mRT
100 15  m  0.5 300
m  10 kg/s

Q  mCp t  mC p (Te  Ti )

50  10 1 (te  27)

te  320 C

Question 38
In a four-bar planar mechanism shown in figure, AB  5 cm, AD  4 cm and DC  2 cm. In the
configuration shown, both AB and DC are perpendicular to AD . The bar AB rotates with another velocity
of 10 rad/sec. The magnitude of angular velocity (in rad/s) of bar DC at this instant is

(A) 10 (B) 15 (C) 25 (D) 0

Ans. (C)
Sol. Given:
AB  5 cm
AD  4 cm
CD  2 cm
AB  10 Rad/sec

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At the given instant Both AB and CD are  to fixed link AD

CD AB
 
 AB CD

5
CD   10
2

CD  25 rad/sec

Question 39
A plane-strain compression (forging) of a block is shown in the figure. The strain in the z-direction is zero.
The yield strength ( S y ) in uniaxial tension/ compression of the material of the block is 300 MPa and it
follows the Tresca (maximum shear stress) criterion. Assume that the entire block has started yielding. At
a point where (compressive) and  xy  0 , the stress component  y is

(A) 340 MPa (compressive) (B) 260 MPa (compressive)

(C) 340 MPa (tensile) (D) 260 MPa (tensile)
Ans. (A)
Sol. From Slab Analysis,
 x  Px  0 (Tresca )
 x  40MPa
0  300MPa
40  Px  300
 Px  340MPa(Compression)

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Question 40
The variable X takes a value between 0 and 10 with uniform probability distribution. The variable Y takes
a value between 0 and 20 with uniform probability distribution. The probability of the sum of variable (X
+ Y) being greater than 20 is
(A) 0.25 (B) 0.33 (C) 0 (D) 0.50
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given that x and y are Random variables, which are uniformly distributed in 0 10 and 0 20
respectively.
Therefore, the corresponding probability density functions are given by

for x 0 10

1
f (u )  ;
10

 0 ; otherwise

1
And f ( y)  ; for y   0 20 
20

 0 ; otherwise

Since, X and Y are independent Random Variables

Probability of X  Y  20 is given by

P( X  Y  20)   f ( x) f ( y) dx dy
R

Where, ‘R’ is ' X  Y  20' design as shown in figure given below

x 10 y  20
 1 1 
P ( X  Y  20)   
x 0
   dy dx
y  20 x 
10 20 

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1
 [Area of the triangle]
200
1 1  1
   10  10    0.25
200  2  4

Question 41
Consider an elastic straight beam of length L  10 m, with square cross-section of side a  5 mm, and
Young’s modulus E  200 GPa. This straight beam was bent in such a way that the two ends meet, to
form a circle of mean radius R. Assuming that Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is applicable to this bending
problem, the maximum tensile bending stress in the bent beam is _____ MPa.

Ans. 100
M  E
Sol.  
I y R

 E E
   y
y R R

L  2R
10  2R  R  5 m

200 103  2.5  103


5
  100 MPa
Question 42
A truss is composed of members AB, BC, CD, AD and BD, as shown in the figure. A vertical load of 10
kN is applied at point D. The magnitude of force (in kN) in the member BC is ______.

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Ans. 5
Sol.

Finding Support reactions;

FBD of stress

x  dir :SE
Fx  0

RAx  0

y  dir : SE

Fy  0

RAy  RCy 10  0

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RAy  RCy  10 …..(1)

Moment: SE ACW = +ve

M A  0 CW = –ve

 (l  10)  (2l  RCy )  0

RCy  5kN

FBD of Joint ‘C’

x  dir :SE
Fx  0

FCD
 FBC  0 …..(2)
2
y  dir : SE

Fy  0

FCD
5 0
2

FCD  5 2kN

From equation 2

 FCD 5 2
FBC  
2 2

FBC  5 kN

Tension

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Question 43
A uniform thin disk of mass 1 kg and radius 0.1 m is kept on a surface as shown in the figure. A spring of
stiffness k1  400 N / m is connected to the disk center A and another spring of stiffness k2  100 N / m is
connected at point B just above point A on the circumference of the disk. Initially, both the springs are
unstretched. Assume pure rolling of the disk. For small disturbance from the equilibrium, the natural
frequency of vibration of the system is ________ rad/s (round off to one decimal place).

Ans. 23.1
Sol. Given :
m  1 kg

r  0.1 m
k1  400 N/m

k2  100 N/m

For a small disturbance

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1 02
Total KE  I 0 
2
3 2
I0  mr (for disc main respect to point of contact 0)
2

Total PE  ( PE)spring1  ( PE)spring 2

1 1
 k1 (r) 2  k2 (2r) 2
2 2

k1r 2 2
  2k 2 r 2  2
2
pE  kE  pE

For Natural vibrations, the total energy of system remains constant.

d (TE )
 0
dt
1 3 2
  mr ()  k1r 2   4k2 r 2  0
2 2
3 2
 mr   (k1  4k2 )r 2   0
2

 
 (k1  4k2 )r 2 
   2   0
 3mr 
 2 

 2(k  4k2 ) 
   1    0
 3m
2n

2(k1  4k2 ) 2(400  400)

 n  
3m 3 1

 n  23.09 rad/sec

Question 44
A gas turbine with air as the working fluid has an isentropic efficiency of 0.70 when operating at a pressure
ration of 3. Now, the pressure ratio of the turbine is increased to 5, while maintaining the same inlet
conditions. Assume air as a perfect gas with specific heat ratio   1.4 . If the specific work output remains
the same for both the cases, the isentropic efficiency of the turbine at the pressure ratio of 5 is _______
(round off to two decimal places).

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Ans. 0.5116
From the language of the problem, it can be observed that he is talking about the turbine only not the
complete power plant, moreover no information is given of the complete plant is given, hence turbine is
considered while solving the problem.

1
(Turbine inlet)

2 (Turbine exit)
2S

S
h1  h2
1 
h1  h2 s
(h1  h2 )  W  1 (h1  h2 s )
W  1C p (T1  T2 s )
 T 
W  1C pT1 1  2 s 
 T1 

  1
1 T1
W  1C pT1 1  1   (rp ) 
  T2 s
 rp1  
As inlet conditions and work is same

W1  W2

   
 1   1 
1C pT1 1  1  2C pT1 1  1
   
 rp1    rp 2  
 1   1 
0.7 1  1.41   2 1  1.41 
   
 3 1.4   5 1.4 
 2  0.5116

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Question 45
Consider a prismatic straight beam of length L   m, pinned at the two ends as shown in the figure. The
beam has a square cross-section of side p  6 mm . The Young’s modulus E  200 GPa, and the
coefficient of thermal expansion   3  10 6 K 1 . The minimum temperature rise required to cause Euler
buckling of beam is ______ K.

Ans. 1
2 EI
Sol. TEA 
L2

6 2  64
3 10  T  6  6 
12  2 106
T  1 K
Question 46
A circular shaft having diameter 65.000.01
0.05 mm is manufacturing by turning process. A 50 m thick

coating tin is deposited on the shaft. Allowed variation in tin film thickness is 5m. The minimum hole
diameter (in mm) just to provide clearance fit as
(A) 64.95 (B) 65.01 (C) 65.12 (D) 65.10
Ans. (C)
Sol.
 0.01

Dshaft  65.00 0.05 mm

 (65.00  0.02)  0.3

Dshaft  64.98  0.03 mm

Plating thickness  0.05  0.005 mm

Total plating Thickness  2[0.05  0.005] mm

 0.1  0.01
Shaft diameter after plating
64.98  0.03  0.1  0.01 (65.08  0.04) mm

For clearance fit  Dhole min   Dshaft  for just clearance

max

 Dhole min   Dshaft  max

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 65.08  .04
 65.12 mm

Question 47
Match the following sand mold casting defects with their respective causes
Defect Cause
P. Blow hole 1. Poor collapsibility
Q. Misrun 2. Mold erosion
R. Hot tearing 3. Poor permeability
S. Wash 4. Insufficient fluidity

(A) P-3, Q-3, R-1, S-1 (B) P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2
(C) P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3 (D) P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2
Ans. (D)

Question 48
Two immiscible, incompressible viscous fluid having same density and different viscosities are contained
between two infinite horizontal parallel plates, 2m apart as shown below. The bottom plate is fixed and
the upper plate moves to the right with a constant velocity of 3 m/s. With the assumptions of Newtonian
fluid, steady and fully developed laminar flow with zero pressure gradient in all directions, the momentum
d 2u
equations simplify to 0
dy 2
If the dynamics viscosity of the lower fluid  2 is twice that of the upper fluid, 1 , then the velocity at the
interface (round off to two decimal places) is _________ m/s.

Ans. 1
Sol. At the interface, the velocity and shear stress is same (velocity gradient need not be same)
Let

V1 be the velocity of upper plate

V2 be the velocity at the interface

Therefore, equating shear stress at the interface, we have

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 2V2 1 (V1  V2 )
 
h h
21V2  1 (V1  V2 )
3V2  V1
 3V2  3
 V2  1m / s

Question 49
Taylor’s tool life equation is VT n  c , where V is in m/min and T is in min. In a turning operation two
tools X and Y are used. For X , n  0.3 and c  60 and for Y , n  0.6 and c  90 . Both the tools have
same tool life for cutting speed (in min, round off to two decimal places) of ______?
Ans. 40
Sol.
Given for tool ‘X’, n=0.3 and c=60 and for tool ‘Y’ n = 0.6 and c =90
 VT 0.3  60 …(i)
VT 0.6  90 …(ii)
(i)  (ii)

9
T 0.3   
6
1
 3  0.3
 T  
2
From equation (i)
0.3
 V (1.5) 0.3  60

60
 V
(1.5)
V  40 m/min
This is the speed at which both tools will have same tool life.

Question 50
In ASA system, the side cutting and end cutting edge angles of a sharp turning tool are 450 and 100
respectively. The feed during cylindrical turning is 0.1 mm/rev. The center line average surface roughness
(in m , round off to two decimal place) of the generated surface is _______?
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Ans. 3.74
Sol.
Given

Side cutting edge angle ( s )  45

0

End “ “ “ (e )  100

Feed (f) = 0.1 mm/rev

Ra = ?

f
hmax 
tan s  cot e

0.1

tan 45  cot100
0

hmax  0.0149 mm
hmax
Ra 
0.0149

= 3.74 + …10 mm
= 3.74 μm

Question 51
A project consists of six activities. The immediate predecessor of each activity and the estimated duration
is also provided in the table below:

Activity Precedence Activity Time (in weeks)

P - 5
Q - 1
R Q 2
S P, R 4
T P 6
U S, T 3

If all activities other than S take the estimated amount of time, the maximum duration (in weeks) of the
activity S without delaying the completion of the project is ________.
Ans. 6
Sol.

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Float of S is 11 – 4 – 5 = 2
Total duration time = 4+2 = 6
Question 52

A harmonic function is analytic if it satisfies Laplace equation, If u ( x, y)  2 x 2  2 y 2  4 xy is a harmonic

function, then its conjugate harmonic function v ( x, y ) is
(A) 4 xy  2 x 2  2 y 2  constant (B) 4 y 2  4 xy  constant
(C) 2 x 2  2 y 2  xy  constant (D) 4 xy  2 y 2  2 x 2  constant
Ans. (A)
Sol. Given that u ( x, y)  2 x 2  2 y 2  4 xy
According to total derivate method
 V   V 
dV    dx    dy
 u   y 
  u   u 
 dV    dx    dy
 y   x 
 dV (4 y  4 x)dx  (4 x  4 y ) dy

Question 53
Three slabs are joined together as shown in the figure. There is no thermal contact resistance at the
interfaces. The center slab experiences a non-uniform internal heat generation with an average value equal
to 10000 Wm 3 , while the left and right slabs have no internal heat generation. All slabs have thickness
equal to 1 m and thermal conductivity of each slab is equal to 5 Wm 1 K 1 and bulk temperature 300 C as
shown. The heat transfer in the slabs is assumed to be one dimensional and steady and all properties are
constant. If the left extreme face temperature T1 is measured to be 1000 C , the right extreme face
temperature T2 is ________ 0 C .

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Ans. 600 C

Sol. Observe the word NON- UNIFORM HEAT GENERATION

Qgem  Qleft  Qright

Qgen  10000 A 100 10000 A

Qleft  hAT  100  A(100  30)

Qright  hAT  100  A  (T2  30)

 10000 A  7000 A  100 A (T2  30)

100  70  T2  30

T2  600 C

Question 54
A steam power cycle with regeneration as shown below on the T-s diagram employs a single open feed
water heater for efficiency improvement. The fluids mix with each other in an open feed water heater. The
turbine is isentropic and the input (bleed) to the feed water heater from the turbine is at state 2 as shown
in the figure. Process 3-4 occurs in the condenser. The pump work is negligible. The input to the boiler is
at state 5. The following information is available from the steam tables:
State 1 2 3 4 5 6
Enthalpy (kJ / kg) 3350 2800 2300 175 700 1000

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The mass flow rate of steam bled from the turbine as a percentage of the total mass flow rate at the inlet
to the turbine at state 1 is ________.
Ans. 20
Sol.

yh2  (1  y )h4  1 h5

y  2800  (1  y )175  700

y  0.2  20%

Question 55
In orthogonal turning of a cylindrical tube of wall thickness 5 mm, the axial and the tangential cutting
forces were measured as 1259 N and 1601 N respectively. The measured chip thickness after machining
was founded to be 0.3 mm. The rake angle was 100 and the axial feed was 100 mm/min. The rotational
speed of the spindle was 1000 rpm. Assuming the material to be perfectly plastic and Merchant’s first
solution, the shear strength of the material is closest to
(A) 875 MPa (B) 722 MPa (C) 200 MPa (D) 920 MPa
Ans. B
Sol.
Given
f  100 mm/min

N  1000 reu/min

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100
ft  mm/reu
1000

 .1 mm/reu
As it is orthogonal turning

ft  t1, d  w ]

 t1  0.1mm and w  5mm

t2  0.3mm

Fc  1601N, FT  1259 N
 100

cos100
tan  
0.3
 sin10
0.1

  19.210

Fs  Fc cos(19.21)  1259sin(1.21)
 1601cos(19.21)  125sin(1.21)

Fs  1097.60 N
Fs sin 
Ts 
t1w

1097 sin(19.21)

0.1 5

Ts  722.29 MPa

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