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The study of heat, work and its relationship with the system’s properties such as
pressure, volume and temperature.
It is also known as the study of 3E’s
I. Equilibrium
II. Energy
III. Entropy
TYPES OF THERMODYNAMICS
CLASSICAL THERMODYNAMICS
o The study of matter in macroscopic approach.
STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS
o The study of matter in microscopic approach.
Universe
System
Surroundings Boundary
SURROUNDINGS
BOUNDARY
The layer or envelope which separates the system from its surrounding
UNIVERSE
TYPES OF SYSTEM
i. Open system – mass and energy can transfer across the system boundary.
ii. Closed system/Control mass system/ Fixed mass system – no mass transfer but
energy can transfer across the system boundary.
iii. Isolated System – no mass and energy transfer across system boundary.
TYPES OF BOUNDARY
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
When all the properties have a definite value, then the system is said to exist
in a definite state. Properties are the coordinates to describe the state of a
system.
TYPES OF PROPERTY
SPECIFIC PROPERTY
STATE
It is the condition of a system as defined by the value of the properties of the system.
(P1 , V1 )
(P2 , V2 )
V
THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS
REVERSIBLE PROCESS
IRREVERSIBLE PROCESS
In an irreversible process, finite changes are made; therefore the system is not at
equilibrium throughout the process.
THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM