Single shell-1 tube pass heat exchanger

Flowrate Flowrate Q2 Hot tank Hot water IN Hot water Cold water Cold water
Q1 hot (LPM) cold (LPM) T1 (°C) T2 (°C) OUT T3 (°C) IN T4 (°C) OUT T5 (°C)
4 4 44.8 44.2 40.6 26.9 29.3

Flow condition: co-current

Logarithmic mean temp difference

(T2  T4 )  (T3  T5 )
DTlm 
 T T 
ln  2 4 
 T3  T5 
(44.2  26.9)  (40.6  29.3)
DTlm 
 44.2  26.9 
ln  
 40.6  29.3 

(17.3)  (11.3)
DTlm 
 17.3 
ln  
 11.3 

DTlm  14.087 oC

Power Emitted by hot water:

WE  QH  H CPH (TH ,in  TH ,out )

= (0.0000666)(991)(4.174)(44.2-40.6)

= 0.9828 KW

= 982.8 W

Power Absorbed by cold water:

WA  QC C CPC (TC ,out  TC ,in )

= (0.0000666)(995.8)(4.179)(29.3-26.9)

=0.6645 KW

= 664.56 W

Efficiency:

0.6645
 100 %
0.9828
  67.61%
Over all Heat Transfer Coefficient:

Power absorbed
U
tm  Area

Area =  DLN

Where:

D = Tube outside diameter=0.01 m

L = Tube length = 1m
N = No. of tubes = 21

Therefore:
Area = 0.659 m2
0.6645
U
14.08  0.659

U  71.61 W/m2 . oC
Single shell- 2 tube pass heat exchanger

Flowrate Flowrate Q2 Hot tank Hot water IN Hot water Cold water Cold water
Q1 hot (LPM) cold (LPM) T1 (°C) T2 (°C) OUT T3 (°C) IN T4 (°C) OUT T5 (°C)
4 4 48 47.8 42 25 30

Flow condition: co-current

Logarithmic mean temp difference

(T2  T4 )  (T3  T5 )
DTlm 
 T T 
ln  2 4 
 T3  T5 
(47.8  25)  (42  30)
DTlm 
 47.8  25 
ln  
 42  30 

(22.8)  (12)
DTlm 
 22.8 
ln  
 12 

DTlm  16.8 oC

Power Emitted by hot water:

WE  QH  H CPH (TH ,in  TH ,out )

= (0.0000666)(991)(4.174)(47.8-42)

= 1.583 KW

= 1583.4 W

Power Absorbed by cold water:

WA  QC C CPC (TC ,out  TC ,in )

= (0.0000666)(995.8)(4.179)(30-25)

=1.373 KW

= 1373.2 W

Efficiency:

1.373
  100 %
1.583
  86.73%
Over all Heat Transfer Coefficient:

Power absorbed
U
tm  Area

Area =  DLN

Where:

D = Tube outside diameter=0.01 m

L = Tube length = 1m
N = No. of tubes = 21

Therefore:
Area = 0.659 m2
1.373
U
16.8  0.659

U  124.01 W/m2 . oC
CONCLUSION:

Multi pass exchangers helps to prolong the time of fluid to remain in the exchanger for longer periods
as compared to single pass, for heating or cooling to take place. In a 2 pass tube heat exchanger, same
quantity of water that would have passed in one through (single pass tube) stays in the heat exchanger
for longer periods and transfer more heat than in the single pass tube. That is why the temperature
differences between hot water inlet and outlet is increased in case of 1 shell and 2 pass (1-2 exchanger)
heat exchanger. Same is the case for cold water IN and OUT.