Industryy Webinar:

Generator Verification Standard Drafting Team

MOD--026
MOD 026--1 Summary

J l 29,
July 29 2011
Title & Purpose

 MOD-026-1 (second posting)

• Title
 Verification of Models and Data for Generator Excitation Control
System and Plant Volt/Var Control Functions
• Purpose
 To verify that the generator excitation control system and plant
volt/var control model (including the power system stabilizer model
and
d iimpedance
d compensatort modeld l if iinstalled),
t ll d) and
d th
the model
d l
parameters used in dynamic simulations accurately represent the
generator ECS and plant volt/var control behavior when assessing
Bulk Electric System (BES) reliability
Applicability

 Generator Owner  Transmission Planner

 Facilities
Interconnection Exempt? Capacity Factor Duration Comment
ALL Y
Yes, if:
if ≤ 5% 3 calendar
l d years

Technically justified[2] unit request by

the Planning Coordinator
Type Rating Interconnection[1] Units ≥ 20 MVA Units < 20 MVA
Eastern Unit > 100 MVA > 100 kV
Plant > 100 MVA > 100 kV Yes Aggregate
Quebec Unit > 100 MVA > 100 kV
Plant > 100 MVA > 100 kV Yes Aggregate
Western Unit > 75 MVA > 100 kV
Plant > 75 MVA > 100 kV Yes Aggregate
ERCOT Unit > 50 MVA > 100 kV
Plant > 75 MVA > 100 kV Yes Aggregate
[1] The common transmission bus voltage level at which the generator step up transformer is connected
connected.
[2] A technical justification for verifying each of those units or plant(s) that demonstrates through simulation and/or measured
response that the unit or plant affects a stability limit, or evidence that the simulated unit or plant response does not match
measured unit or plant response.
Requirement Summary

 R1
• Each Transmission Planner shall provide existing model and data to the
Generator Owner within 30 calendar days of receiving an information
request
 R2
• Each Generator Owner shall provide to the Transmission Planner
 A verified, accurate model in accordance with the periodicity specified in
Attachment 1
 R3
• The Generator Owner shall provide a written response within 90
calendar days
y of receiving
g notice from the Transmission Planner that the
model is
 Not usable, or
 Has technical concerns, or
 Model response did not match a recorded event response
Requirement Summary
(for
( both draft standards))

 R4
• The Generator Owner shall provide revised model data or plans to
perform model verification within 180 calendar days of making changes
that alter equipment response characteristic
 R5
• Each Generator Owner shall provide a written response within 90
calendar days to the Planning Coordinator following receipt of a
technically justified request to perform a model review for a unit/plant not
specified
ifi d in
i the
th Standard
St d d Applicability
A li bilit section
ti
 R6
• Each Transmission Planner shall provide a written response to the
Generator Owner
O ner within
ithin 90 calendar da
days
s after receipt of model
information indicating whether the model is useable or not useable
Requirement Key Points

 Staged Test or Ambient Monitoring allowed

 The Generator Owner “owns” the model
• Responsible for determining parameters
• Responsible for determining if match is “good enough”
• Peer Review process is included to facilitate technical
discussions between the Generator Owner and the Transmission
Planner
VSL Summary

Requirement VSL Type Entity VSL General Summary

Provide instructions and data within
R1 Increment for Tardiness Transmission Planner 30 calendar days
Binary Generator Owner Provide acceptable model
Part Compliance Generator Owner Provide complete model
R2 Provide written response within 90
Increment for Tardiness Generator Owner calendar days
Include technical basis, model
R3 Binary Generator Owner changes, or model verification plan
Provide written response within 90
Increment for Tardiness Generator Owner calendar days
Provide written response within 90
R4 Increment for Tardiness Generator Owner calendar days
Part Compliance Generator Owner Provide complete response
R5 Provide written response within 90
Increment for Tardiness Generator Owner calendar days
Part Compliance Transmission Planner Provide complete useability analysis
R6 Provide written response within 90
Increment for Tardiness Transmission Planner calendar days
Phase In Periodicity Plan

 The MOD-026-1 proposed implementation plan requires

the Generator Owner to:
• Verify 30% of applicable units (MVA basis) within four years
• Verify 50% of applicable units (MVA basis) within six years
• Verify 100% of applicable units (MVA basis) within eleven years
Industry Comments Incorporated

 The Generator Owner is responsible

p for model
verification
 The MVA thresholds in the Applicability/Facilities section
considers units connected at the same point of
interconnection
 The Planning Coordinator can request review of a
unit/plant not specified in the Standard Applicability
section
• The request must include technical justification
 A 5% capacity factor threshold confirmed
 10 year periodicity threshold confirmed
Industry Comments Incorporated

 To mitigate the reliability gap associated with Variable Energy

R
Resource ((such
h as wind
i d ffarm)) modeling
d li
• Applicability section expanded
 Based on review of in-service wind farm plant data that includes
approximately 80% of the wind farm plant MVA capacity in each
Interconnection
 The MVA threshold for plants was decreased from
– 200 MVA to 100 MVA for the Eastern and Quebec Interconnections
– 150 to 75 MVA for the WECC Interconnection
– 100 to 75 MVA for the ERCOT Interconnection
» N
Note:
t reducing
d i th the MVA threshold
th h ld for
f plants
l t ini ERCOT any ffurther
th
would have exceeded the NERC Compliance Registry criteria.
» The language makes clear that plant units less than 20 MVA
should be verified in aggregate when possible
Industry Comments Incorporated

 Verification for a single

g unit can satisfyy compliance
p for
other units if certain conditions are satisfied
 Raised the threshold MVA nameplate rating from ≤250
MVA to ≤350 MVA
 Information the Generator Owner has to provide the
Transmission Planner following successful model
verification is listed in Requirement R2, Parts 2.1.1
through 2.1.6
• This information includes the generator model data used in the
excitation control system verification process
• The required verification also verifies generator model data
Industry Comments Incorporated

 Synchronous condensers
• Are not currently addressed in the NERC Registry Criteria
• Are not mentioned in the Generation Verification SAR
• Have extremelyy low p
penetration ((on an MVA basis))
• Installed for dynamic voltage support
 Most likely to extend a dynamic voltage security limit
• Grid apparatus owned by Transmission Owners
 Peer review draft requirements would not make sense
 A better fit is incorporating synchronous condenser language into MOD-025
 If there is a need to develop a Reliability Standard to model the
expected behavior of dynamic voltage devices typically owned by
Transmission entities, then a separate SAR should be developed
Questions ?
Industryy Webinar:
Generator Verification SDT Summary:
PRC--024
PRC 024--1

July 29, 2011

Title & Purpose

 PRC
PRC-024-1
024 1 (second posting)
• Title
 Generator Performance During Frequency and Voltage
Excursions

• Purpose
p
 Ensure generating units remain connected during frequency
and voltage excursions and ensure expected generating unit
performance during frequency and voltage excursions is
communicated to Reliability Coordinators, Planning
Coordinators, Transmission Operators, and Transmission
y
Planners for accurate system modeling.
g

2
Applicability & Implementation

Type Rating Interconnection Comment

Individual Unit ≥20 MVA ≥100 kV

Plant/Facility ≥75 MVA ≥100 kV Aggregate

Entities: Proposed Effective Dates

Generator Owner Time from
Approval/Adoption Compliance with:

All Requirements
q
Years
1 33%
2 66%
3 100%

3
Requirement Summary

 R1
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Set in service frequency protective relaying so that it does not
operate to trip the generating unit during frequency
excursions within the band described in Attachment 1
 Conditions
C diti and
d exceptions:
ti
– Must operate between 59.5 and 60.5 Hz continuous
– May trip if rate of change >2.5
>2 5 Hz/sec (Aurora exclusion)

4
Frequency Excursion Limits(Attachment 1)

OFF NOMINAL FREQUENCY CAPABILITY CURVE

62.5

62

61.5

61

60.5

cy (Hz)
No Trip 60

Frequenc
59.5

59

58.5

58

57.5
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Time (sec)

Over Frequency Limits Under Frequency Limits

5
Requirement Summary

 R2
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Set in service voltage protective relaying so that it does not
operate to trip the generating unit during voltage excursions
within the band described in Attachment 2
 Conditions
C diti and
dEExceptions:
ti
– Consider 3-phase Zone 1 faults with normal clearing
– Site-specific
Site specific clearing time may be used
– Generator tripping for SPS, RAS or to clear the fault
allowed

6
Voltage Excursion Limits (Attachment 2)

Voltage Ride-T hrough

T ime Duration Curves
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.20
1.15
1.10
1.05 Return to between .95 PU and 1.05
1 00
1.00 PU dependant on automatic or
Point of Interconnection - Voltage (PU))

manual changes to the system.

0.95 No Trip
0.90 Zone
0.85
0.80
0.75
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1000.0
Ti
Time (Seconds)
(S d )

High Voltage Duration Low Voltage Duration

7
Requirement Summary

 R3
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Inform the RC,, PC,, TOP,, and TP if a non-protection
p system
y
limitation requires tripping an existing generating unit within
the No Trip Zone boundaries of Attachment 1 and
Attachment 2.
 Communication must be made within 30 days of identifying
the limitation.
p
 The exception to meeting
g R1 and/or R2 expires
p when:
– The equipment causing the limitation is repaired or
replaced with equipment that removes the limitation.
– The capacity rating of the unit is increased by > 10%
8
Requirement Summary

 R4
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Respond to a written inquiry by the RC
RC, PC
PC, TOP
TOP, and TP
regarding a documented limitation as described in R3.
 The response must be provided within 90 days of receipt of
th iinquiry.
the i

9
Requirement Summary

 R5
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Provide an estimate of the unit/plant
p p
performance during
ga
voltage or frequency excursion within 30 days of a request
from the RC, PC, TOP, or TP.
p
 The response must include:
– Estimate of the time the unit will remain connected
following an excursion.
– Estimate (in 25% increments) of the probability of
remaining connected.
– Basis for the estimates

10
Requirement Summary

 R6
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Design,
g , build,, and maintain new units/plants
p so that theyy will
not trip during the defined frequency or voltage excursions.
 Conditions and exceptions:
– Units are operating above minimum load
– At least 90% of a wind farm remains connected
– Units may
y trip
p for SPS,, RAS,, or fault clearing
g
– Unit/plant has a temporary exemption from the RC
– Unit/plant may trip for loss of synchronism or instability in
power conversion
i control t l equipment
i t
11
Requirement Summary

 R7
• Each Generator Owner shall:
 Provide the RC
RC, PC,
PC TOP,
TOP and TP its protection system trip
settings affected by voltage or frequency excursions
– Within 30 days of a change in settings
– Within 30 days of a request for the settings

12
Excursion Issues

 Steam Turbine LP Blade Resonance

 Combustion Turbine Lean Fuel Blowout
 Boiler Process Upsets
• Pumps and Fans slow down as frequency falls
• Drum shrinkage as governor closes on frequency increase

 Contactor drop out

• Contactor performance dependent on voltage angle when fault
occurs (unpredictable).

 Motor stall under extended low voltage.

g

13
Compliance Issues

 Generating Unit Trip Investigations

• Will have to determine if there was a frequency or
voltage
g excursion occurring g at the time of the trip
p
• If an excursion occurred, determine if it remained
within the “No Trip Zone” boundaries.

 May want to add DME if TO does not have at the

plant substation.
p

14
VRF & Time Horizon

Requirement VRF Time Horizon

R1 High Long-term Planning

R2 High Long-term
Long term Planning

R3 Low Long-term Planning

R4 Low Long-term Planning

R5 Low Long-term Planning

R6 High Real-time Operations

R7 Low Operations Planning

15
VSL

Requirement VSL Type Entity VSL General Summary

Generator
R1 Binary Set frequency relays
Owner
Generator
R2 Binary Set voltage relays
Owner
Increment for Generator Communicate
R3
tardiness Owner limitations
Increment for Generator
R4 R
Respond
d tto iinquiries
ii
tardiness Owner
Increments for
Generator Provide estimate of
R5 tardiness and
Owner unit p
performance
completeness
Generator Ride through an
R6 Binary
Owner excursion
Provide relay settings
Increment for Generator
R7 after a change or on
tardiness Owner
request 16
Questions ?

17