Introduction of

Multimedia
Networking
Mata Kuliah Sistem Multimedia
Today’s Internet
Video Traffic
Pembagian Sistem
Multimedia
Sistem Multimedia dapat dibagi menjadi:
1. Sistem Multimedia Stand Alone
– Sistem ini berarti merupakan sistem komputer multimedia yang memiliki
minimal storage (harddisk, CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/CD-RW/DVD-RW), alat
input (keyboard, mouse, scanner, mic), dan output (speaker, monitor, LCD
Proyektor), VGA dan Soundcard.

2. Sistem Multimedia Berbasis Jaringan

– Sistem ini yang melibatkan transmisi dan distribusi konten multimedia
melalui jaringan ( biasanya yang mempunyai bandwidth yang besar).
Sample applications: videoconferencing, web video broadcasting,
multimedia Email, etc.
Pembagian Sistem
Multimedia
What is Multimedia
networking?

• User requirements of multimedia applications on the network

• Technologies associated with multimedia networking
• Overall structure of multimedia networking
What is Multimedia
networking?
What is Multimedia
networking?
Multimedia over
Internet
Consideration of
Networked Multimedia

Fundamental Characteristics of multimedia information

• Large data volume
• Typically delay sensitive
• But loss tolerant
 infrequent losses cause minor glitches
Consideration of
Networked Multimedia

• Suitable for unexpected burst of data

no need to establishing an explicit connection
• Limitation of bandwidth
Bandwidth is shared statistically so data can be sent at any time
Causing Queuing delay, especially when congested
• Best effort network
IP network is not reliable, cannot guarantee quality of multimedia
applications
• Heterogeneity
Different user network conditions
Requirements for
Networked
Multimedia
Challenges of
multimedia
networking

• Conflict between media size and bandwidth limit of the network

• Conflict between the user requirement of multimedia application and
the best-effort network
• How to meet different requirements of different users?
Technologies of
Multimedia Networking

• Media Compression – reduce the data volume

Address the1st challenge
• Image compression
• Video compression
• Audio compression
• Multimedia Transmission
Address the 2nd and 3rd challenges
• Protocols for real-time transmission
• Rate / congestion control
• Error control
Characteristics
of multimedia

• Digital – key concept

• Integration of multiple media types, usually includes video or/and audio
• May be interactive or non-interactive
Multimedia
Networking Systems

• Live media transmission system (Stream)

 Capture, compress, and transmit the media on the fly
• Send stored media across the network
 Media is pre-compressed and stored at the server. This system delivers the stored
media to one or multiple receivers.
• Differences between the two systems
 For live media delivery:
o Real-time media capture, need hardware support
o Real-time compression– speed is important
o Compression procedure can be adjusted based on network conditions
 For stored media delivery
o Offline compression – better compression result is important
o Compression can not be adjusted during transmission
Multimedia networking:
3 application types

• streaming, stored audio, video

 streaming: can begin play-out before downloading entire file
 stored (at server): can transmit faster than audio/video will be rendered (implies
storing/buffering at client)
 e.g., YouTube, Netflix, Hulu
• conversational voice/video over IP
 Interactive nature of human-to-human conversation limits delay tolerance
 e.g., Skype
Media Steaming

Media streaming merupakan media digital (berupa video, suara dan data) agar
bisa diterima secara terus-menerus (stream).

Data tersebut dikirim dari sebuah server aplikasi dan diterima serta ditampilkan
secara real-time oleh aplikasi pada komputer klien Streaming sering disebut dengan
streaming media.
Topologi
Streaming
Jenis Streaming

Live Streaming
• Data yang dikirimkan langsung kepada klien dari broadcaster (sumber) walau
melewati streaming server.

On-Demand Streaming
• Data dari broadcaster disimpan terlebih dahulu kedalam sereaming server, baru
kemudian diakses oleh klien.
Generic Media
Streaming System
Generic Media
Streaming System

• Proses percakapan tersebut menggunakan istilah coding dan

decoding.
• Proses coding dilakukan oleh server sedangkan decoding dilakukan
oleh klien.
• Proses coding dilakukan untuk mengkompresi data sebelum dikirim
ke klien melalui Internet, dan decoding dilakukan oleh klien untuk
ditampilkan data tanpa kompresi, pada klien terjadi proses buffering.
● Proses tersebut sering disingkat menjadi codec.
Kendala
Streaming
• Kendala-kendala yang terjadi dalam melakukan streaming multimedia biasanya
terletak pada Bandwith dan Sinkronisasi (delay).

• Bandwith sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas presentasi suatu data stream,

yang perlu diperhatikan adalah ukuran dari data stream harus sesuai dengan
kapasitas bandwith jaringan.
Untuk mengatasinya yaitu dengan menggunakan kompresi data dan penggunaan buffer.

• Agar media yang berbeda dipresentasikan sampai pada user sama seperti aslinya,
maka media tersebut harus tersinkronisasi sesuai dengan timeline presentasi
tersebut dan delay seminimal mungkin, delay yang buruk biasanya disebabkan
oleh jaringan yang buruk sehingga timeline presentasi menjadi kacau.