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Parking
Chapter 12
CE A423/623
O. A. Abaza, Ph.D.
EIB 301 L
(907) 786‐6117
E‐mail: oabaza@alaska.edu
Osama Abaza 9/21/2016
Traffic Studies and Programs
The following components and topics will be
covered:
Statistical Applications In Traffic Engineering
Traffic Data Collection&
Chapter 8
Reduction Methodologies
Volume studies and Characteristics Chapter 9
Speed, Travel Time, and delay Studies Chapter 10
Highway Traffic safety: Studies, Statistics, and Chapter 11
Programs
Parking Chapter 12
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Parking Studies
Any vehicle traveling on a highway will at one time or another be
parked for either a relatively short time or a much longer time,
depending on the reason for parking the vehicle.
The provision of parking facilities
is therefore an essential element
of the highway mode of
transportation. The need for
parking spaces is usually very
great in areas where the land
use includes business,
residential, or commercial
activities.
Parking
Types of Parking Facilities.
Parking facilities can be divided into two main groups: on‐street and
off‐street parking.
On‐Street Parking Facilities.
These are also known as curb facilities. Parking bays are provided
alongside the curb on either one or both sides of the road.
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Types of Parking Facilities.
Off‐Street Parking Facilities. These facilities may be privately or
publicly owned and include surface lots and garages. Self‐parking
garages require that drivers park their own automobiles, whereas
attendant‐parking garages provide attendants who park the
automobiles.
Parking
Definition of Parking Terms.
Before discussing the different methods for conducting a parking
study, it is necessary to define some commonly used terms in
parking studies.
1. Space‐hour is a unit of parking that defines the use of a single
space of parking for a period of one hour.
2. Parking volume is the number of vehicles involved in parking in a
study area during a specific length of time, usually a day.
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Definition of Parking Terms.
3. Parking accumulation is the number of parked vehicles in a study
area at any specified time. This data can be plotted as a curve of
parking accumulation against time, which shows the variation of the
parking accumulation during the day. Such a curve is known as a
parking accumulation curve.
4. Parking load is the area under the accumulation curve between
two specific times. It is usually given as the number of space hours
used during the specified period of time.
Parking
Definition of Parking Terms.
5. Parking duration is the length of time a vehicle is parked at a
parking bay, When the parking duration is given as an average, it
gives an indication of how frequently a parking space becomes
available.
6. Parking turnover is the rate of use of a parking space. It is
obtained by dividing the parking volume for a specified period by
the number of parking spaces.
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Methodology of Parking Studies.
A comprehensive parking study usually involves
(1) Inventorying of existing parking facilities,
(2) Collecting data on parking accumulation, parking
turnover, and parking duration,
(3) Identifying parking generators, and
(4) Obtaining information on parking demand.
Relevant information on related factors such as financial, legal, and
administrative issues may also be collected.
Parking
Inventory of Existing Parking Facilities.
An inventory of existing parking facilities is a detailed listing of the
location and all other relevant characteristics of each legal parking
facility, private and public, in the study area. The inventory includes
both on‐ and off‐street facilities. The relevant characteristics usually
listed in Table 6.9.
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Parking
Collection of Parking Data
Accumulation.
The accumulation data are
obtained by checking the
amount of parking during
regular intervals on different
days of the week.
f4.17.swf
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Parking
Collection of Parking Data
Turnover and Duration
The information on turnover and duration are usually obtained
by collecting data on a sample of parking spaces in a given block.
This is done by recording the license plate of the vehicle parked
on each parking space in the sample at the end of fixed intervals
during the study period. The length of the fixed interval depends
on the maximum permissible duration.
Parking
Identification of Parking Generators.
This phase involves identifying parking generators (for example,
shopping centers or transit terminals) and locating these on a
well‐Prepared map or the study area.
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Parking Demand.
The information on parking demand is obtained by interviewing
drivers at the various parking facilities listed during the
inventory. An effort should be made to interview all drivers using
parking facilities on a typical weekday between 8:00 am and
10:00 p.m. Table shows the information sought for parking
demand interview.
Parking
Analysis of Parking Data.
The analysis required to obtain information on the first two
items is simple and straightforward and usually involves simple
arithmetical and statistical calculations.
Data obtained from these items are then used to determine
parking space‐hours. The space‐hours of demand for parking are
obtained from the expression as shown in following equation.
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Analysis of Parking Data.
The efficiency factor f is used to correct for time lost in each
turnover. The following equation shows the particular number of
space hours of supply for a specific period of time.
Parking
Example2.swf
Analysis of Parking Data.
Example
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Analysis of Parking Data.
Example
Parking
Analysis of Parking Data.
Example
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Homework # 8
CE A423/623
Traffic Engineering
Date Assigned: September 28, 2016
Solve the following question from your textbook page 223, 248,
& 272 (total of three questions):
10‐1
10‐2
11‐1
12‐6
11