Homework #02 (Phy 112) Solutions

4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Homework #02 (phy 112)

Due: 11:00pm on Wednesday, January 23, 2019
To understand how points are awarded, read the Grading Policy for this assignment.
A message from your instructor...
Some of these questions will ask you to incorporate new knowledge (forces between electric charges and the force on a charge
in an electric field) with ideas from PHY 111. Newton's laws and energy concepts are still valid and the kinematic equations can
be used to describe the motion of charges that have constant acceleration. As a general note, you should enclose the argument
of trig functions within parenthesis. For example use cos (θ) rather than cosθ.
Mystery Charge
Consider the following configuration of fixed, uniformly charged spheres in :
a blue sphere fixed at the origin with positive charge q,

a red sphere fixed at the point (d1 , 0) with unknown charge
qred , and
a yellow sphere fixed at the point (d2 cos(θ), −d2 sin(θ)) with
unknown charge qyellow .
The net electric force on the blue sphere has a magnitude F and is
directed in the − y direction.
Part A
What is the sign of the charge on the yellow sphere?
ANSWER:
positive
negative
Correct
Part B
What is the sign of the charge on the red sphere?
ANSWER:
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?assignmentID=7028478 1/19
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
positive
negative
Correct
Part C
Suppose that the magnitude of the charge on the yellow sphere is determined to be 2q. Calculate the charge qred on the red
sphere.
Express your answer in terms of q, d1 , d2 , and θ.
Hint 1. How to approach the problem

From the problem statement, you know that the x component of the net force acting on the blue sphere is zero. The
red sphere and the yellow sphere each exert a force on the blue sphere. You know the charge of the yellow sphere.
This allows you to calculate the x component of the force that the yellow sphere exerts on the blue sphere. You need
to find the appropriate charge qred for the red sphere such that the x components of the two forces sum to zero.
Hint 2. Find the x component of the force due to the yellow sphere
Find Fx,yellow , the x component of the force that the yellow sphere exerts on the blue sphere.
Express your answer in terms of q, d2 , and θ. You may use k for 1/4πϵ0 , where ϵ0 represents the permittivity
of free space.
Hint 1. How to approach this part

Use Coulomb's law to find the force due to the yellow charge on the blue charge. Then find the x component
of the force.
ANSWER:
2
k⋅2q cos(θ)
F x,yellow = 2
(d )
2
Hint 3. Find the force due to the red sphere

Find Fx,red , the x component of the force that the red sphere exerts on the blue sphere.
Express your answer in terms of q, d1 , and the unknown charge qred . You may use k for 1/4πϵ0 , where ϵ0
represents the permittivity of free space.
ANSWER:
−kqred q
F x,red = 2
d1
ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
2
(2q)(d1 ) (cos(θ))
qred = 2
(d2 )
Correct
Parts A and B are paired as are parts C and D. The question parts ask you to place the charges one at a time (charge 2 first,
then charge 3) so that the given free body diagrams for the charges are correct. Forces act between pairs of objects so when
you correctly place charge 2, you will only be matching one pair of arrows. You may try placing charge 3 in its correct location to
match all three sets of arrows before entering your answer for part A (and part C).
Placing Charges Conceptual Question
Below are free-body diagrams for three electric charges that lie in the same plane. Their relative positions are unknown. There
are two forces shown on each charge. These two forces represent the force exerted on the charge by each of the other two
charges.
Part A
Along which of the lines (A to H) in should charge 2 be placed so
that the free-body diagrams of charge 1 and charge 2 are
consistent? Note that only one of the forces on each charge will
be consistent. The other force on each charge will be addressed
in Part B with the introduction of charge 3.

Newton’s 3rd law states that the forces exerted by a pair of objects on each other are always equal in magnitude and
opposite in direction. Identifying the forces that correspond to 3rd-law pairs in the free-body diagrams will enable you
to place the particles in their proper relative position.
Hint 2. Placing charge 2

The two forces acting on charge 2 correspond to the forces exerted on it by charge 1 and charge 3. This means that
one of these forces must pair with a force on charge 1 of equal magnitude and opposite direction and the other must
pair with a force on charge 3 of equal magnitude and opposite direction. Also note that charge 2 should be repelled
by charge 1, since both are negative. Therefore, the vector that represents the force of charge 1 on charge 2 must
point away from charge 1. This information is all you need to place charge 2 in its correct position.
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
ANSWER:
Correct
Part B
that the free-body diagrams of charge 1, charge 2, and charge 3
are consistent?
ANSWER:
Correct
Part C
that the free-body diagrams of charge 1 and charge 2 are
consistent? Note that only one of the forces on each charge will
be consistent. The other force on each charge will be addressed
in Part D with the introduction of charge 3.
ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Correct
Part D
Along which lines (A to H) in should charge 3 be placed so that
the free-body diagrams of charge 1, charge 2, and charge 3 are
consistent?
ANSWER:
Correct
Electric Field Conceptual Question
Part A
For the charge distribution provided, indicate the region (A to E) along the horizontal axis where a point exists at which the
net electric field is zero.
If no such region exists on the horizontal axis choose the last option (nowhere).
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Hint 1. Zeros of the electric field
The net electric field can only be zero if the electric fields due to the two charges point in opposite directions and
have equal magnitudes. Therefore, first determine the region(s) where the two constituent electric fields point in
opposite directions. Then, in each region determine whether a point exists where the fields have equal magnitude. If
there is such a point, then select that region.
ANSWER:
nowhere
Correct
Part B
If no such region exists on the horizontal axis choose the last option (nowhere).
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Hint 2. Determine the regions where the electric fields could cancel
In which region(s) do the electric fields from the two source charges point in opposite directions?
List all the correct answers in alphabetical order.
ANSWER:
BCD
Hint 3. Consider the magnitude of the electric field

For each of the three regions found in the previous hint, determine whether it is possible for the magnitudes to be
equal. As an example, consider the point directly between the two charges. Which charge produces the largest
magnitude field directly between the two charges?
ANSWER:
the charge on the right
the charge on the left
neither, because they have the same magnitude
ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
nowhere
Correct
Part C
If no such region exists on the horizontal axis choose the

last option (nowhere).
ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
nowhere
Correct
Part D
ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Nowhere along the finite x axis
Correct
This is a problem like the one from class that starts on slide 17. The hints for part A walk you through the same steps I used to
arrive at the example's final answer. Repeat the steps outlined in the hint for part A to complete part B.
Electric Field due to Two Point Charges
Two point charges are placed on the x axis.The first charge, q1 = 8.00
nC , is placed a distance 16.0 m from the origin along the positive x
axis; the second charge, q2 = 6.00 nC , is placed a distance 9.00 m

from the origin along the negative x axis.
Part A
Find the electric field at the origin, point O.
Give the x and y components of the electric field as an ordered pair. Express your answer in newtons per coulomb
to three significant figures. Keep in mind that an x component that points to the right is positive and a y component
that points upward is positive.

Find the contributions to the electric field at the origin separately for q1 and q2 , then add them together (using vector
addition) to find the total electric field at the origin.
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Hint 2. Determine the directions of the electric fields
Which of the following describes the directions for the electric fields E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 created by charges q1 and q2 ,
respectively?
ANSWER:
Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the right.
Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the left.
⃗
E O1 points to the right and E⃗ O2 points to the left.
⃗
E O1 points to the left and E⃗ O2 points to the right.
Hint 3. Calculate the electric field due to q1
What is the magnitude of the electric field at the origin due to charge q1 only?
Express your answer in newtons per coulomb to three significant figures.

ANSWER:
EO1 = 0.281 N/C
Hint 4. Calculate the electric field due to q2

What is the magnitude of the electric field at the origin due to charge q2 only?
ANSWER:
EO2 = 0.666 N/C
ANSWER:
EOx , EOy = 0.385,0 N/C
Correct
Part B
Now, assume that charge q2 is negative; q2 = −6 nC . What is the net electric field at the origin, point O?
to three significant figures. Keep in mind that an x component that points to the right is positive and a y component
that points upward is positive.
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)

Find the contributions to the electric field at the origin separately for q1 and q2 , then add them together (using vector
addition) to find the total electric field at the origin.
Which of the following describes the directions for the electric fields E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 created by charges q1 and q2 ,
respectively?
ANSWER:
Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the right.
Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the left.
⃗
E O1 points to the right whereas E⃗ O2 points to the left.
⃗
E O1 points to the left whereas E⃗ O2 points to the right.
ANSWER:
EOx , EOy = -0.947,0 N/C
Correct
Problem 17.06: Signal propagation in neurons.
Neurons are components of the nervous system of the body that transmit signals as electrical impulses travel along their length.
These impulses propagate when charge suddenly rushes into and then out of a part of the neutron called an axon.
Measurements have shown that, during the inflow part of this cycle, approximately 5.60×1011 Na+ (sodium ions) per meter,
each with charge +e, enter the axon.
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Part A
How many coulombs of charge enter a 1.10 cm length of the axon during this process?
ANSWER:
Q = 0.986 nC
Correct
Problem 17.18
Part A
If a proton and an electron are released when they are 2.00×10−10 m apart (typical atomic distances), find the initial
acceleration of each of them.
ANSWER:
aelectron = 6.32×1021 m/s

2
Correct
Part B
ANSWER:
aproton = 3.45×1018 m/s

2
Correct
Problem 17.38
A proton is traveling horizontally to the right at 4.00×106 m/s .
Part A
Find (a)the magnitude and (b) direction of the weakest electric field that can bring the proton uniformly to rest over a
distance of 3.40 cm .
ANSWER:
E = 2.46×106 N/C
Correct
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Part B
ANSWER:
θ = 0 ∘
counterclockwise from the left direction
Correct
Part C
How much time does it take the proton to stop after entering the field?
ANSWER:
t = 1.70×10−8 s
Correct
Part D
What minimum field ((a)magnitude and (b)direction) would be needed to stop an electron under the conditions of part (a)?
ANSWER:
E = 1340 N/C
Correct
Part E
ANSWER:
θ = 180 ∘
counterclockwise from the left direction
Correct
The last two questions are like others you have already done above. You can try these for extra credit.
This is a more complicated version of the problem The Electric Field due to Two Point Charges. Notice that the hints for the two
problems are essentially the same.
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
Electric Field due to Multiple Point Charges
Two point charges are placed on the x axis. The first charge, q1 =
8.00 nC , is placed a distance 16.0 m from the origin along the
positive x axis; the second charge, q2 = 6.00 nC , is placed a
distance 9.00 m from the origin along the negative x axis.
Part A
Calculate the electric field at point A, located at coordinates (0 m, 12.0 m ).
to three significant figures.

Find the contributions to the electric field at point A separately for q1 and q2 , then add them together (using vector
addition) to find the total electric field at that point. You will need to use the Pythagorean theorem to find the distance
of each charge from point A.
Hint 2. Calculate the distance from each charge to point A
Calculate the distance from each charge to point A.

Enter the two distances, separated by a comma, in meters to three significant figures.
ANSWER:
rA1 , rA2 = 20.0,15.0 m
Which of the following describes the directions of the electric fields E⃗ A1 and E⃗ A2 created by charges q1 and q2 at
point A?
ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
⃗
E A1 points up and left and E⃗ A2 points up and right.
⃗
E A1 points up and left and E⃗ A2 points down and left.
⃗
E A1 points down and right and E⃗ A2 points up and right.
⃗
E A1 points down and right and E⃗ A2 points down and left.
Hint 4. Calculate the components of E⃗ A1
Calculate the x and y components of the electric field E⃗ A1 at point A due to charge q1 .
Express your answers in newtons per coulomb, separated by a comma, to three significant figures.
Hint 1. Calculate the magnitude of the total field

Calculate the magnitude of the field EA1 at point A due to charge q1 only.
ANSWER:
EA1 = 0.180 N/C
Hint 2. How to find the components of the total field

Once you have found the magnitude of the field, use trigonometry to determine the x and y components of the
field. The electric field of a positive point charge points directly away from the charge, so the direction of the
electric field at point A due to charge q1 will be along the line joining the two. Use the position coordinates of
q1 and point A to find the angle that the line joining the two makes with the x or y axis. Then use this angle to
resolve the electric field vector into components.
ANSWER:
EA1x , EA1y = -0.144,0.108 N/C
Hint 5. Calculate the components of E⃗ A2

Calculate the x and y components of the electric field at point A due to charge q2 .
Express your answers in newtons per coulomb, separated by a comma, to three significant figures.
Hint 1. Calculate the magnitude of the total field

Calculate the magnitude of the field EA2 at point A due to charge q2 only.

ANSWER:
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
EA2 = 0.240 N/C
Hint 2. How to find the components of the total field

Once you have found the magnitude of the field, use trigonometry to determine the x and y components of the
field. The electric field of a positive point charge points directly away from the charge, so the direction of the
electric field at point A due to charge q2 will be along the line joining the two. Use the position coordinates of
q2 and point A to find the angle that the line joining the two makes with the x or y axis. Then use this angle to
resolve the electric field vector into components.
ANSWER:
EA2x , EA2y = 0.144,0.192 N/C
ANSWER:
EAx , EAy = 0,0.300 N/C
Correct
Part B
An unknown additional charge q3 is now placed at point B, located at coordinates (0 m, 15.0 m ).
Find the magnitude and sign of q3 needed to make the total electric field at point A equal to zero.
Express your answer in nanocoulombs to three significant figures.

You have already calculated the electric field at point A due to q1 and q2 . Now find the charge q3 needed to make an
opposite field at point A, so when the two are added together the total field is zero.
Hint 2. Determine the sign of the charge
Which sign of charge q3 is needed to create an electric field E⃗ A3 that points in the opposite direction of the total field
due to the other two charges, q1 and q2 ?
ANSWER:
positive
negative
Hint 3. Calculating the magnitude of the new charge
Keep in mind that the magnitude of the field due to q3 is EA3 = kq /r

3
2
A3
, and the field must be equal in magnitude
to the field due to charges q1 and q2 .
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
ANSWER:
q
3
= 0.300 nC
Correct
This is another good problem. It has no built in hints, but by now you should recognize that the same process used in the
previous problems will help you to arrive at the correct solution method and final answer for this one. Hint for part C: You can use
Coulomb's law for this part, but can you think of a much quicker way to calculate the force on a known charge q (a proton, here)
knowing the electric field at the location of the charge?
Problem 17.39
Two point charges are separated by 25.0 cm (see ). Assume that q1 =

-6.25 nC and q2 = -14.0 nC .
Part A
Find the net electric field these charges produce at point A.
ANSWER:
E = 1.01×104 N/C
Correct
Part B
Find the net electric field these charges produce at point B.

ANSWER:
E = 6650 N/C
Correct
Part C
4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)
What would be the magnitude of the electric force this combination of charges would produce on a proton at A?
Express your answer in newtons to three significant figures.
ANSWER:
F = 1.61×10−15 N
Correct
Part D
What would be the direction of the electric force this combination of charges would produce on a proton at A?
ANSWER:
The force would be directed to the right.
The force would be directed to the left.
Correct
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 143%.
You received 37 out of a possible total of 37 points, plus 15.94 points of extra credit.

Homework #02 (Phy 112) Solutions

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4/14/2019 Homework #02 (phy 112)

Homework #02 (phy 112)

A message from your instructor...

Consider the following configuration of fixed, uniformly charged spheres in :

a blue sphere fixed at the origin with positive charge q,

Express your answer in terms of q, d1 , d2 , and θ.

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 1. How to approach this part

Hint 3. Find the force due to the red sphere

A message from your instructor...

Placing Charges Conceptual Question

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Placing charge 2

Electric Field Conceptual Question

Hint 1. Zeros of the electric field

Hint 1. Zeros of the electric field

List all the correct answers in alphabetical order.

Hint 3. Consider the magnitude of the electric field

the charge on the right

the charge on the left

neither, because they have the same magnitude

If no such region exists on the horizontal axis choose the

Hint 1. Zeros of the electric field

Hint 1. Zeros of the electric field

Nowhere along the finite x axis

A message from your instructor...

Electric Field due to Two Point Charges

axis; the second charge, q2 = 6.00 nC , is placed a distance 9.00 m

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Determine the directions of the electric fields

Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the right.

Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the left.

Hint 3. Calculate the electric field due to q1

Express your answer in newtons per coulomb to three significant figures.

EO1 = 0.281 N/C

Hint 4. Calculate the electric field due to q2

Express your answer in newtons per coulomb to three significant figures.

EO2 = 0.666 N/C

EOx , EOy = 0.385,0 N/C

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Determine the directions of the electric fields

Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the right.

Both E⃗ O1 and E⃗ O2 point to the left.

EOx , EOy = -0.947,0 N/C

Problem 17.06: Signal propagation in neurons.

aelectron = 6.32×1021 m/s

aproton = 3.45×1018 m/s

A proton is traveling horizontally to the right at 4.00×106 m/s .

A message from your instructor...

A message from your instructor...

Electric Field due to Multiple Point Charges

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Calculate the distance from each charge to point A

Calculate the distance from each charge to point A.

rA1 , rA2 = 20.0,15.0 m

Hint 3. Determine the directions of the electric fields

Hint 4. Calculate the components of E⃗ A1

Hint 1. Calculate the magnitude of the total field

EA1 = 0.180 N/C

Hint 2. How to find the components of the total field

resolve the electric field vector into components.

EA1x , EA1y = -0.144,0.108 N/C

Hint 5. Calculate the components of E⃗ A2

Hint 1. Calculate the magnitude of the total field