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ABSTRACT
Scholars of Ayurveda have given utmost importance to the Maana (measurements) for
making Aushadha Kalpana. Without the help of Mana the formulae cannot be designed.
Shushka (Dry state) and Aardra(wet and fresh state)Dravya Grahan Niyam(Rule for taking
fresh and dry herbal drug) is part of Mana Paribhasha. Some drugs like Vasa
(Adhatodavasica),Kushmand (Benincasahispida),Nimb(Azadiractaindica) should be used in
Aardrastate without taking double quantity in Aardra state as stated in general rule ,only for
achieving good quality of product.Drug like Pippali(Piper longum) ,Maricha(Piper nigrum)
have different properties according to their state, similar examples are collected in this
article.Rules related to taking double quantity of AardraDravya according to quantity are
collected in this article from Brihattrayi, Vangasena Samhita, Sharangdhar Samhita and
BhavprakashNighantu.
KEYWORDS- Shushka, Aardra, Mana Paribhasha, Bruhat Trayi, Ayurveda
INTRODUCTION
Knowledge of Wet and dry state of potency)1.Brihattrayi mentioned Aardra and
herbal drug plays important role in drug Shushka state of drug in some specific
preparation. To achieve good quality of formulations; Nighantu Granthas have been
product, Ancient texts explained some rules explained properties of some herbal drug in
regarding proportion of raw herbal drugs in fresh and dry state. Rules are explained as
wet and dry state, drugs to be used in wet Paribhasha which should be applied to
state and dry state specifically. Herbal drugs whole Grantha. This information is
like Aardrak (Zinziberoffincinalis), Pippali collectively mentioned in this Article.
(Piper longum),Marich (Piper nigrum) have OBJECTIVE
different properties in wet and fresh state To explore rules of taking herbal drug
and in dry state. Potency of herbal drug also according to its state from Brihat Trayiand
differs according to its state. In Raja some selected Grantha of Ayurveda.
Nighantu, according to Aacharya Narhari Important texts of Ayurveda commencing
Pandit-New and fresh drugs are Suveerya from Bruhat trayi, Vangsena Samhita,
(most potent), dry are medium potent and Sharangdhar Samhita to Bhavprakash have
Jeerna (old) are Nishphala (not good in been the sources for collection of rules.
Examples of drug having different form of drugs. Aardra (fresh) and Drava
properties according to state are selected (liquid) drugs should be taken in double
from Bruht Trayi and other classics. Only quantity of prescribed drug quantity.
the formulations from Bruhat Trayi having Ashtanga Hridaya- (Reference-Kalpasthan
clearly mentioned state of drug are 6/23)
considered for the study. Aardra Dravya and Dravya in liquid state
Charaka Samhita – (Reference- measured in Kudav unit and onward unit
Kalpasthna12/98) should be taken in double quantity of
Aacharya Charaka explained Maana prescribed quantity. i.e. liquids measured
Paribhasha (weights) for Shushka (dry) less than Kudav unit and Shushka
state of Dravya (drugs).When Drava Dravya Dravya(dry drugs) should not be taken in
(drug in liquid state) or freshly collected (i.e. double quantity.
Aardra Dravya) should be taken in double Sharangdhar Samhita – (Reference-
quantity of prescribed dry herbal drug Sha.Dha.Pu.Kha.1/33-35)
quantity. Dravya measured in Pala or Tula The general rule is to use a dry herbal drug
unit should not be taken in double quantity. only when it is freshly collected and dried,
Sushrut Samhita – (Reference- and all wet (green) drugs are to be used in
Chikitsasthana 31/7) double the prescribed quantity in all recipes.
Aacharya Sushruta also mentioned that Dravya measured in Pala or Tula unit
Maana Paribhasha is for Shushka (dry) should not be taken in double quantity
. Table No.1- Showing Shushka-Aardra Dravya Grahan Niyama of Sharangdhar Samhita
Mana Aardra Shushka Drava
Gunja to kudav(125 Sama (equal) Sama (Equal) Sama (equal)
mg-192 gm)
Prastha to Tula (768- Dviguna (Double) Dviguna(Double) Dviguna(Double)
4.800 gm)
Tula onwards Sama (equal) Sama (equal) Sama (equal)
Exception for General rule of Shushka- only. These Dravya should not be taken in
Aardra Dravya Grahan Niyam- double quantity in fresh (Aardra) form.
Specifically mentioned name of drug that Those Dravya (drugs) are mentioned in
they should be taken in fresh (Aardra) form Table No.2
Table No.2 : Showing list of drugs should be used in Fresh form only
Table no.5: Single Dravya(Drugs) in Aardra and Shushka state specifically mentioned with
their Different properties in literature
20 20
20
15
12
Drugs to be used in Aardra
state in formulation
10
7
5
2
0
C.S. Su.S. A.H. Sha.Sa. Bha.Pra.Ni.
Piper longum
Piper longum