Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Volume 10, Issue 03, March 2019, pp. 127-132. Article ID: IJMET_10_03_012
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3
ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
ABSTRACT
Understanding of scintillation is a significant occurrence in the design of
communication satellite system. In this research, two years (January 2015-December
o
2016) tropospheric scintillation records dig out from Astra 2E/2F/2G at 28.2 E
o o
Satellite path link observation at (Lat: 6.7 N, Long: 3.23 E) at Ota, southwest
o
Nigeria, at 12.245 GHz and an elevation angle 59.9 . The result and analysis were
likened with some reliable tropospheric scintillation estimate models in order to
acquire best model for Ota environment. The result findings revealed that the
Karasawa model provides the minimum percentage error for scintillation fades and
enhancements of approximately 0.57 % at 0.1 unavailability of time and 6.93 % at
0.01 unavailability of time respectively. Hence, Karasawa model is the most found
suitable for the estimation of transmission loss in this region. Also, scintillation
intensity is noticed to be high throughout the non-rainy season likened to rainy season
months. Conversely, the model must be verified more by means of higher frequency
band like Ka and V bands to affirm the accurateness of the model. The statistics
provided in this work will assistance in fade margin for performance and antenna
sizing required for communication satellite link.
Keywords: Attenuation prediction, electromagnetic wave, Ku band, Satellite
communication Tropospheric scintillation
Cite this Article: S. A. Akinwumi, T. V. Omotosho, M. R. Usikalu, M. E. Emetere,
O. O. Adewoyin, T. A. Adagunodo, O. O. Ometan and O. M. Adewusi, Investigation
and Evaluation of Scintillation Prediction Models at Ota, International Journal of
Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 10(3), 2019, pp. 127-132.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=3
1. INTRODUCTION
Scintillation manifestations emerges to be unique of the major signal losses that effect
satellite to earth path link in recent communication systems, particularly at Ku-band
frequency and above [1, 2, 3, 4]. The impact of tropospheric scintillation on communication
signal cannot be over emphasised owing to its continuous deviation in amplitude and phase
that interrupt signal strength [5, 6]. At little millimeter-wave or microwave bands tropospheric
scintillation intensity rise with fall in size of the antenna, angle of elevation and with surge in
frequencies [7]. Nevertheless, scintillation is significant in event of satellite-ground
communication pathway, that consist of the occurrence of atmospheric gasses, and boundary
close to height above sea level around 20 km contained by the humid atmosphere [8].
The received electric field of the amplitude and phase from the scintillation discrepancies
were transformed. In genuine detail, tropospheric scintillation power is a phenomenon which
can be affected by tropospheric environments, while resulting variability in scintillation
intensity takes an important influence on the information of the scintillation development [9].
Similarly, scintillation is known to demonstrate strong relationship with major meteorology
factors like pressure, temperature and relative humidity. Scintillation intensity link budget
design normally increase under frequency above 10 GHz, reduced elevation angle and low
receiving antenna which are important for low fade margin systems [5]. Although,
tropospheric scintillation occurs under during rainy and non-rainy conditions, however, signal
fade cause by rain is of less interest to signal fade cause by clear-sky for purpose of little
availability of satellite system design.
Nigeria been a tropical climate is close to the equator and therefore has high temperature
and an increase in relative humidity, whereas, most equipment shipped into the country from
European countries that are temperate climate. Also, most tropospheric scintillation models
are developed from Europe except Karasawa model that is developed from Japan (Asia)
which is also a tropical climate like Nigeria (Africa). Therefore, because of the huge disparity
in climate of Nigeria and Europe it is necessary to analyse and compare the scintillation
intensity measures in Ota, Southwest, Nigeria, and already established prediction models.
Error ( ) = (1)
FADE ENHANCEMENT
1.2 0.7
ITU-R KASARAWA
KASARAWA
VAN DE KAMP
0.6 0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.1
0
0.01 0.1 1 10
0
Percentage of time (%) 0.01 0.1 1 10
Percentage of time (%)
Figure. 1: Comparison of Ota data with Four existing models for fade and enhancement
2015
0.13
Scintillation Intensity (dB)
0.11
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.03
0.01
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Months
0.12 2016
0.1
Scintillation Intensity (dB)
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Months
4. CONCLUSION
Assessment of four (4) predicted non-rainy scintillation models that is: Karasawa, ITU-R,
Van de kamp and Otung models have been offered in this work. This predicted models were
likened with the measured data acquired at 12.245 GHz from Astra 2E/2F/2G satellite beacon
positioned at Covenant University in Ota. The measurement from Ota established that
Karasawa model provided the top prediction for scintillation intensity for Ota and its
environs. Also, scintillation intensity is noticed to be high during non-rainy season in
comparison to rainy season months.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to appreciate Covenant University for full sponsorship of this
research.
REFERENCES
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