ALGEBRA

Review factorisation by finding the highest common factors, grouping and difference of two squares.

Find the HCF of 30 and 50 Factorise 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑎𝑦 + 𝑏𝑥 Factorise 𝑥 2 − 16

Factorise 8𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 Factorise 2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 3 − 𝑥 Factorise 9𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2

Factorisation of Quadratic Trinomials

Method 1 – Trial and Error Method 2 – Sum–Product

Method 1 – Trial and Error Method 2 – Sum–Product

Combined factorisation – a mix of 2 or more types of factorisation

2𝑥 2 − 8 8𝑎𝑏 + 4𝑎𝑦 + 4𝑏𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦

18 − 2a2 2𝑦 3 − 4𝑦 2 + 2𝑦

20𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 16𝑥𝑦 3 − 4𝑥 3 𝑦
Factorisation using completing the square method – always in terms of 𝒂(𝒙 + 𝒃)𝟐 + 𝒄

Example: Factorise 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 12 using completing the square method

Method 1 Method 2 – Comparing

𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 7 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 5

2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 7 4𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 − 32
Solving Quadratic Equations

By Factorisation – Methods are similar to factorizing quadratic equation

𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 18 = 0 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0

3𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 8 = 0 2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2 = 0

𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 = 0 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 12 = 0

𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 4 = 12 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16 = 0
By Completing the Square – methods are similar to factorisation by completing the square

𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 11 = 0 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 6 = 0

𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 4 = 0

2𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 1 = 0 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 0

𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 5 = 0 2𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3 = 0
By Quadratic Formula – Paper 2

*Use this method if the question stated “correct to ….. decimal places” or “correct to ….. significant figures”

2𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 4 = 0 𝑥 2 + 36 − 15𝑥 = 0

4𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = 96 2𝑥 2 − 14𝑥 − 13 = 0
Algebraic Fractions