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Objectives:
z Be able to use the number analysis function correctly and configure
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Chapter 1 Number Analysis
Tips
Difference between the number analysis and GT analysis
yNote
The call control related numbers mean the numbers that are used in the call control type
processes (including CC, GMSC and TUP), including the mobile subscriber number
(MDN), fixed subscriber number, special service number and roaming number (TLDN)
allocated for remote calls.
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
1. Analyzed number
The analyzed number is some specific digit stream. Generally, the first several digits of
a group of similar numbers are the analyzed object according to the digit stream rules.
For example, if there are a group of numbers 13307550000 ~ 13307559999, 1330755
can be the analyzed object.
2. Analyzer entry
In this layer, the switch system provides seven analyzers: New service analyzer,
Centrex group number analyzer, private network number analyzer, special service
number analyzer, local network number analyzer, national toll analyzer and
international toll analyzer. The numbers are sorted according to the number attributes.
The numbers of the same type are put into the same analyzer for analysis. Several same
analyzers can be created, identified by the analyzer entry numbers. For example,
1330755 is a local number section, and then this number section will be put into the
local network analyzer entry for analysis. The setting interface in the switch is shown in
Fig. 1.3-1.
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
lower position in the queue is called the sequential analyzer of its upper neighbor
effective analyzer.
Example 1: Suppose a local network analyzer entry is created in the above analyzer
entry interface, and then the system automatically generates an entry number (such as
17). In the DAS interface, the DAS is configured as 10.When you select the analyzer
entry contained in the DAS, only the local network analyzer entry can be selected here
since only one local network analyzer is created. Select 5 and select 0 for the others,
indicating that the DAS contains only one local network analyzer.
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
Number analysis
Number flow
Supplementary service number analyzer End result
Non-supplementary Non-supplementary
service service
Centrex service number analyzer
Non-Centrex service Non-Centrex service
Example 2: If a digit stream enters the switch mentioned in Example 1, the digit stream
will directly enter the local network analyzer entry for analysis. If the digit stream
exists, the analysis result will be used for further processing. Otherwise, the call fails.
9Note
The sequence of the number analysis is very important. During the analysis for any
specific number, the number analysis of two neighbor analyzers need look to each
other. For example, for an area code 0755, the 0 is removed in an entry, and then the
“755” instead of “0755” will be analyzed in the next entry.
1.5 DAS
When the call control type process receives some definite message, the number carried
by the message should be analyzed at the necessary time, so that the routing connection
can be performed. According to the messages, the DAS is divided into the following
types:
(1) The first type of DAS is used to analyze the subscriber dialed digits when a call is
initiated from a mobile phone, corresponding to the SETUP message from A interface
to CC. After the DAS is configured, it should correspond to the MS call initiation DAS
in the mobile data configuration.
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
(2) The second type of DAS is used to analyze the TLDN that is carried in the response
from the HLR to the corresponding MSC. After the DAS is configured, it should
correspond to the roaming analysis DAS in the mobile data configuration.
(3) The third type of DAS is used to analyze the numbers of some special requirement
or special subscribers, corresponding to the special subscriber DAS.
(4) The fourth type of DAS is used to analyze the numbers of IP services,
corresponding to the IP DAS.
(5) The fifth type of DAS is for special purpose, and is used as monitoring DAS.
The first two types of DASs are used the most at present. The specific settings are
shown in Fig 1.5-1.
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
No Category No Category
0 Vacant number 15 CENTREX inner group local call
1 Local network local office/normal service 16 CENTREX inner group outgoing call
2 Local network outgoing/local call service 17 MSC normal service
3 Local network outgoing/rural call service 18 Local MSC local office service
National toll call (within region) manual
4 19 Local MSC outgoing service
service
National toll call (within region)
5 20 MSC national toll call
automatic service
National toll call (between regions)
6 21 OVERLAY prefix incoming service
manual service
National toll call (between regions)
7 22 OVERLAY call service
automatic service
8 International toll manual service 23 MSC international toll call
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
No Category No Category
9 International toll automatic service 24 IP call service
10 Local office charged special service 25 SSP recharging query service
11 Mobile emergency special service 26 None-SSP recharging query service
12 Outgoing charged special service 27 IP mobile service
IN subscriber dialing IP telephone
13 Outgoing free special service 28
service
14 Supplementary services
The call categories are generally selected according to the following rules:
Select No. 1 ~ 3 for the analysis of fixed subscribers.
Select “MSC normal service” for the local network mobile subscriber numbers.
Select “National toll call (between regions) automatic service” for the non-local
network mobile subscribers.
Select “National toll call (between regions) automatic service” for the fixed
network toll subscribers.
Select No. 10 ~ 13 for the special service numbers, depending on charge or not.
Select No. 25 ~ 28 for the numbers used in IN.
Select No. 24 for the IP calls.
The TLDN allocated by the VLR is used to select the local MSC local office
service or local MSC outgoing service.
Example 4: For the CDMA, the local network is the Unicom 133 network, and the
“MSC normal service” is selected for the number section headed with 133. For the
number sections 135 ~ 139 and Unicom number sections 130 and 131, the “National
toll (between regions) automatic service should be selected.
2. Analysis end flag
The system provides four types of analysis results for the number analysis.
1) Analysis not ending
2) Analysis ending and no further analysis
3) Analysis ending and all digits to be analyzed in sequential analyzers
4) Analysis ending and the rest digits to be analyzed in sequential analyzers
The last three types are used generally. The second type is most common one, which
means that the number analysis ends and the switch selects the next operation according
to the analysis result. If the third type is selected, all the digits will be analyzed in the
next analyzers, till the result is obtained. Then, the next operation will be performed
according to the analysis result. In the fourth type, the digit that matches this analyzer
will be removed, while the remaining digits will be analyzed in next analyzers.
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
As shown in Fig. 1.6-2, the number attribute has an “Outgoing routing link number”
indication bit, while it becomes “Office code index” in Fig. 7.2-6. What happens?
The following designs have been made so that the system can analyze number correctly.
When the analyzed number is a local number (such as a 133 number) and need not be
sent to another office for analysis, the call service category will be selected as “MSC
normal service”, and the system automatically provides the item “Office ID index”,
where 0 generally stands for the local office. When this office cannot handle the
number (such as a 130, 139 or PSTN number), the call service type will be outgoing
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
office local call or toll (between regions) automatic service. According to the service
type, the system judges that the number should be sent to another office, and then the
“Outgoing routing link” option automatically appears. The route will be selected
correctly according to the trunk configuration to implement correct number addressing.
4. OVERLAY information index
The MSC in CDMA should implement the 800 free phone service and PPC recharging
service. In these two services, the called number is not the really connected number, no
call forwarding happens, and it is not a normal MDN or PSTN number (a real called
number is returned by the service control point (SCP)). As a result, the call service type
of this number is analyzed into the OVERLAY call service. The OVERLAY
information index in the interface adds the corresponding SCP GT address of the
number. The MSC interacts with a SCP through this GT, as shown in Fig. 1.6-3.
Generally, the analyzed number may be a local network mobile subscriber number,
other network mobile subscriber number, temporary local subscriber number (TLDN),
local network fixed subscriber number, toll fixed subscriber number, special service
number or IN service access number. The corresponding analyzers should be added
according to the specific number section. At least, two local network analyzers should
be added to analyze the called mobile number and roaming number.
When difference analyzers are added and the numbers to be analyzed are added in the
different analyzers, it is required to associate the analyzer entries with the actual DAS,
and the DAS number should correspond to the related DAS in the “Virtual MSC data
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
configuration” of the exchange configuration. In this way, the number analysis can be
implemented. The corresponding figures are Fig. 1.6-4 and Fig. 1.6-5.
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
analysis principle, refer to the above process, and make the configuration according to
the actual circumstances.
Summary:
This chapter describes the concepts, layered structure and detailed analysis process of
the number analysis. Examples are also provided for the reference in configurations.
The operation method in the example is not unique. The maintenance persons should
accumulate experiences in daily maintenance and collect the problems, to locate an
optimal solution for a specific circumstance.
Questions:
Draw the structure of a local network and describe the number analysis procedure.
Illustrate the number analysis procedure in a figure.
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Chapter 2 GT Analysis
Tips
GT analysis procedure and number analysis logical structure
2.2 Overview
Generally, the GT is a number in a numbering scheme and is an international standard.
The number that can identify any signaling point or subsystem numbering scheme
globally can be used as the GT number. GT is used when the originating node does not
know the destination node network address.
The GT number is the SCCP layer address information and is the routing service of the
SCCP layer. In the CDMA system, the MAP signaling between entities (such as HLR)
in MSC/VLR and the networks is sent through SCCP. The entities may be directly
connected or transferred through signaling transfer points. When the SCCP receives
messages from the MAP application layer, it will send, receive or transfer these
messages according to the route labels provided in the messages. SCCP can send
messages in networks in any of the two modes: GT routing and DPC + SSN routing
GT number analysis functions to translate the route label of the GT number format
provided by the application layer into GT and DPC + SSN formats of the destination SP
or STP (global title format and destination signaling code + subsystem code format).
According to the actual network transmission characteristics, they are transmitted
through the GT format or the DPC + SSN format. The two routing modes are different
when there is a Signaling Transfer Point (STP) between the source SP and the
destination SP.
The DPC + SSN routing method requires that SPs include the source SP and destination
SP, and the STP should be able to identify the destination SP code DPC. The signaling
is transmitted directly through the MTP layer, instead of the SCCP layer, after it arrives
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
at the intermediate node. In this case, more DPC data for the source SP and STP are
needed to configure.
The GT routing method can be used in case the source SP and some STPs do not know
the final DPC of this signaling. The SCCP must translate the called GT into DPC or
DPC + SSN at first, so that it can be delivered to the MTP for transmission. Meanwhile,
it should be marked clearly with the GT-based numbering scheme for the next node. As
node resource is limited, it is impossible to expect the SCCP of a node to translate all
global names. Therefore, the originating end may first translate the GT into DPC of an
intermediate point, where the GT is then translated into the DPC of final destination.
One message may involve several STPs. In GT routing, the source SP needs only to
send the signaling to the STP according to the GT number prefix. The STP further
translates it, to determine whether to send it to the next STP or destination SP. In this
case, fewer data are required to configure the source SP and STP.
In the ZXC10-MSC/VLR, the following GT numbers need to be configured: MSC/VLR
number, HLR number, Mobile subscriber Number (MDN) and short message center. Of
them, all of the IMSI number, MSC/VLR number, HLR number, MC number and SCP
number use the terrestrial mobile numbering scheme (E.212 format), while only the
MDN number uses the ISDN/telephone numbering scheme (E.164 format).
The number of the last IMSI format should be configured according to the analysis
result of “Mobile number analysis”.
For the above 4 number formats, the GT should be selected from the beginning in
principle, to get the minimum prefix of this number that can identify different office
IDs for analysis. The identifiable prefix should be selected minimum to simplify the GT
configuration.
To facilitate the commissioning of a project, the ZXC10-MSC/VLR deals with the GT
translation from the rear to head. When a GT number is to be analyzed, it locates the
longest match item and analyzes the numbers from the long number to the short number.
For example, the analyzed number is 8613309876543. The system first analyzes
whether there is a match item 8613309876543. If so, the analysis ends; if no, it analyzes
861330987654, 86133098765, 8613309876, 861330987, …, till a match item is found.
This method helps reduce the volume of GT data configuration. For example, when the
GT number is configured in a commissioning, the configuration efforts focus on how
many definite GTs in this office is to be translated to the adjacent office, while all other
GT numbers are analyzed to the GT transfer point for transfer.
In practical operation, first determine the GT number of the adjacent office, analyze it
to the adjacent office ID, and analyze the smallest network GT prefix (such as 86133)
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
to the GT transfer point. At the same time, use “Routing by GT”. In this way, the effort
in data configuration is minimized.
Cross reference
For the related contents on GT data, see the SCCP description in the chapter “No. 7
signaling system”.
Four different selectors are used in the CDMA. They are different combinations
between translation types 0 and 128 and numbering scheme 1 (ISDN/telephone
numbering scheme) and 6 (terrestrial mobile numbering scheme). Translation selectors
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
1 and 2 are shown in the figure above. The translation type of selectors 3 and 4 is 128.
The other contents are same as those for selectors 1 and 2. Translation selectors 3 and 4
are used for the addressing of the short message center. Translation selectors 1 and 2
are used for the addressing between the MSC/VLR and HLR at the switch side.
2. Configure Different Numbers
Fig. 2.3-2 is the interface for configuring specific GT number in different translation
selectors in the MSC/VLR to implement the SCCP layer addressing.
The specific meaning of every item has been detailed in the SCCP section. No more
information is provided here. The specific data are described here.
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
The number conversion mode can be added, deleted or all replaced. Generally, the MIN
number is added with 46003 ahead to become the IMSI number. Here, just select
<Add> and specify the attribute of the converted IMSI number, which should be
consistent with the attribute defined by GT.
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ZXC10-MSS CDMA Switching Side Advanced Customer Training Course
The match number or number section is not found finally. This means that it is a
vacant number and the call fails.
The match number is found, and the service call category of the number is toll
inter-region service or outgoing service. Then, the digit stream will be sent out of the
office from the corresponding outgoing route according to the number analysis
result.
The match number is found, and the service call category of the number is MSC
normal service (only one possibility: the called is a 133 subscriber). Then, the
system goes to the GT analysis process automatically.
(2) In the GT analysis process, the location information of the called will be obtained
through the called home HLR for the call connection processing. The result of the GT
analysis may be default information, TLDN number of CFU number, which will be
handled differently:
If it is a TLDN number, the number analysis is used again in the next analysis
process.
If it is a forwarding number, it starts from step 1.
If it is default information, the switch will directly send paging message to the
subscriber.
If it is error information, the call fails.
(3) If a TLDN number is returned, the TLDN should be analyzed with the roaming
DAS to locate the match number in the analyzer entry of the DAS. The possibilities
include:
The match number is found, the service category is the local area local office service,
and the paging information can be sent.
The match number is found, the service category is the local area outgoing service,
and the IAM/IAI message is sent for call connection.
The match number is not found, and the call fails.
As a result, a call may involve many sectors. Any problem may cause the failure of the
call. Be sure to be serious, careful and complete in configuring the data.
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ZXC10-MSS Data Configuration
Summary:
This chapter describes the detailed GT analysis process. The detailed operation must be
mastered by every maintenance person. Practice on the equipment while reading the
above contents.
Questions:
When a specific GT selector is used? What type of numbers should be used?
References:
ZXC10-MSC/VLR (V3.0) Mobile Switching Center/Visitor Location Register
Operation Manual
ZXJ10 (V10.0) Digital SPC Switch Training Materials
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