UNIDAD 9.

Objectives

OH! My Back!

Functions Objectives
Use “would like” to express wishes and
Talking about informal (summer) jobs desires

Expressing wishes and desires Use modal verbs of possibility

Expressing possibility Use comparative adjectives

Comparing jobs Use connectors of comparison and

contrast

Reading

Situation: (Daniel and Marisol are waiting to enter the university in September. It is now May and they
want to find a job)

DANIEL: I need a job. I‟m going to have a lot of expenses during the summer.
MARISOL: Me, too. Let‟s look in the “Classified Section” of the Daily Squawk .
(They open the newspaper) There might be some jobs for the summer months.
DANIEL: Let‟s see. I would like to work outside in the summer and keep fit.
MARISOL: Oh, yes, and get sunburned and have sore, red skin? I prefer an indoor
job with air conditioning.
 DANIEL: Look, there‟s a landscaping job here, the pay is not bad.
MARISOL: It doesn‟t say it has health or dental benefits.
DANIEL: You don‟t usually get those in a summer job. It‟s better than this job as a
cook, here in the 1st column, and you probably don‟t have to work as hard.
MARISOL: But the pay is better and they may give you free food to take home.
DANIEL: Yes, but it says they need „previous experience.‟ What about you?
MARISOL: Well, I prefer evening work if possible. Look, Mary‟s Pizza Parlor is
offering $4.50 plus tips. I might try that. I have my own car, too.
DANIEL: Yes, it doesn‟t look bad, however I‟ve heard that Mary is a slave driver.
MARISOL: What‟s that?
DANIEL: Somebody who makes you work hard for little money. Her pizzas
might be cheaper than other places, but her employees work much harder.
MARISOL: Well, anyway. I think I would like a job at Frank‟s Burgers. The pay‟s not
bad and maybe I can work overtime.
DANIEL: Well, I would like to try the landscaping job. I like being outdoors and the
hours are flexible. I would like to take some morninoff. Let‟s give them a call!
MARISOL: Well, I‟m not sure, yet. I‟m interested in the dog-walking job, but I don‟t
like getting up early. The cook‟s job might be more interesting, however, who
knows. I think I would like more time to think about it.

Antonyms

An antonym has the opposite meaning of a given word.

Examples of antonyms are: good – bad:

Pizza delivery is a good summer job.

Or the contrary:

Pizza delivery is a bad summer job.

Practice 3
Say if the following statements are True or False.

1. Daniel and Marisol need money.

2. Mary is generous to her employees.
3. Marisol wants to get a tan (sunburn) in the summer months
4. Daniel would like to get healthier during the summer.
5. The cook‟s job needs no prerequisites.
6. All four jobs have benefits.
7. Marisol is in no hurry to get the cook‟s job.
8. Marisol wouldn‟t like to work in the mornings.

Expressing wishes and desires.

The expression “would like” is used to indicate that you want something.
This something that you want is called a wish or desire.

Ie: I would like a new job

This means that you want a different job.

Uses of would like

1. “would like” + noun/noun phrase:

A noun phrase may contain the following elements:

 determiner + adj. + noun
a new job
a different job

When you use “would like”+ a noun/noun phrase what you‟re saying is that you want an object or a thing
(a new job, a new car, a bigger TV set, etc)

2. “would like” + infinitive

“would like” can also be followed by a verb in infinitive.

Ie: I would like to get a new job

This means that you want to find a different job.

“would like” + infinitive is used to express that you want something to happen, in other words your wish
or desire is not an object, but an action:

I would like to get a raise

She would like to change jobs
They would like to make more money

Would is a modal verb, therefore it doesn‟t change form with third person singular as other verbs do:

Practice 4
 A. Identifying desires:
Read the text again. There are 5 sentences that contain the expression “would like”.
Copy these sentences on the clipboard. Save then on a text document and send them to you
instructor by mail.
Write here and copy to clipboard

Copy to Clipboard

B. Talking about desires:

Write 5 desires about a summer job similar to the ones above.
Write your sentences on the clipboard. Save then on a text document and send them to you instructor by
mail.

Modals of Possibility

The modal verbs may and might are used to express possibility with no difference in meaning:

It may rain tomorrow

It might rain tomorrow

Both indicate that it is possible that it will rain. As with other modal verbs, may and might are always
followed by another verb (main verb) in simple form. Look at the following examples from the reading at
the beginning of this chapter:

They may give you free food to take home.

(simple form)
Mary‟s Pizza Parlor is offering $4.50 plus tips. I might try that.
(simple form)
The cook‟s job might be more interesting.
(simple form)
Maybe (spelled as one word) is an adverb and it is also used to indicate prossibility. It means “perhaps”.
Look at how may be and maybe are used:

Maybe, he is at Mary‟s Pizza Parlor

He might be at Mary‟s Pizza Parlor

Both sentences express the same, the possibility that he be at the Pizza Parlor, but one uses a verb in the
simple present (he is), plus an adverb that indicates possibility (maybe), while the other sentence
expresses the same idea of possibility the modal verb might.

Practice 6

Use may or might plus the simple form of the verb in parenthesis:
Model: He might go (to go)to the doctor today. He is not felling well.

1. He (to be) at the office. He always works late!

2. The show (to start) late. There were delays
everywhere due to the heavy rains.
3. It (to rain) tomorrow. The forecaster predicted a
thunderstorm with showers.
4. She (to get) the job as a dog walker. She adores
dogs.
5. They (to go) to the pool this afternoon. It is sunny
and warm, perfect for an afternoon at the pool.
6. My mother (to cook) my favorite dessert for my
birthday. She does it almost every year.
7. The teacher (to give) us extra homework. We did
terribly on the exam.
 8. Frank (to play) the violin today. He plays every
Saturday.

Review: Comparative Adjectives

The following sentences from the listening contain

adjectives in comparative form:

Her employees work much

harder.

The cook‟s job might be more

interesting .

Let‟s review the rules for making comparative forms

of adjectives

1. Regular adjectives:

a) Short adjectives:
Add er
I.e. Her employees work much harder.

b) Short adjectives ending in y: (nasty)

Drop (eliminate) the y and add: ier
I.e. This job as garbage collector is nastier than this
job as dog walker.

c) Longer adjectives: (interesting)

Use the word more or less before the adjective
I.e. The cook‟s job might be more interesting
The cook‟s job might be less exciting than the dog
 walker‟s job

Review: Comparative Adjectives

2. Irregular adjectives:

Some adjectives don‟t follow the rules above. They

are irregular adjectives. Look at the following
example:

The job as a dog walker is better than this job as

a cook

Here are some irregular adjectives, and their

comparative forms:

Good better

Bad worse

farther (for physical

matters, like distance)
Far Further (for intangible
matters, like knowledge or
information)

Note: In a sentence, when the second term of the

comparison (second object being compared) is
included, you must use the word than, as in the
following examples:

The job as a dog walker is better than this job as a

 cook
A summer job is shorter and less stressful than a
regular job

Practice 7

Read the following sentences carefully. Fill in the blank with the
comparative form of the corresponding adjective. (-) means that you
should use less:

prepared exhausting bad high long good dangerous

1. The pay at Mary‟s Pizza Parlor is than the Pay at

Frank‟s Burgers.
2. The hours at Mary‟s Pizza Parlor are than the
hours at Frank‟s Burgers. At Mary‟s Parlor you have to
work more than 12 hours a day. What a slave driver!
3. A job as a sales person is (-) than a job as an
astronaut.
4. The salary of doctors is than the salary of pizza
delivery persons.
5. This is not such a good idea. It might be to look for
a job in the newspaper.
6. She might not get the job. She is (-) than the other
candidates.
7. This job is than my previous job. I‟m going to look
for another job.
8. This job as a dog walker is than I thought! I‟m
really, really tired!
Practice

Look at the following pictures. What is the occupation of these

3 people? Write at least 3 reasons to justify your answer. Write
your answer on the clipboard. Save it on a text document and
send it to your instructor by mail. Be prepared to discuss your
opinions in class.
Start your answer as follows:

I think she/he might/may be a……. because…….

She/he might/may also be a …… because…..
But, she/he might/may also be a ……because …….

Write here and co Write here and cop Write here and co

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Connectors - 1. The connector of consequence: „so‟

This is an off-line non-synchronous activity

We saw how connectors joined two separate sentences in

English 1 with „and‟ and „but‟.
Now we will add more to make your writing more effective and
interesting. Send them by mail to your instructor.

1. The connector of consequence: „so‟

This connector joins two ideas where the first motivates the
reaction of the second:
EXAMPLE:

I have a toothache. I‟m going to the dentist. (so)

I have a toothache so I‟m going to the dentist.

Exercise 1. Join the following sentences with the connector

„so‟.
1. My back aches. I’m going to see the doctor.
2. She w ants a job. She is going to fill out an application.
3. I’m late. I’m going to take a taxi.

Sentence 1. ______________________________________
Sentence 2. ______________________________________
Sentence 3. ______________________________________

Copy to Clipboard
Connectors - 2. The connector of cause and effect: „because‟

2. The connector of cause and effect: „because‟

This connector joins two ideas where the first idea is the effect
of the cause in the second:
EXAMPLE:

I‟m very happy. Sally says she loves me.

I‟m very happy because Sally says she loves
me.

Exercise 2. Join the following with the connector because:

1.Shiela is sad. She didn’t pass her driver’s test.
2.Mary is happy. She got her visa.
3.Laura is very unhappy. Her dog died.

Sentence 1. ______________________________________
Sentence 2. ______________________________________
Sentence 3. ______________________________________

Copy to Clipboard

Connectors - 3. The connector of contrast „but‟

3. The connector of contrast „but‟

This connector joins two ideas where the second contrasts
with the first:
EXAMPLE:
 Jane likes coffee. She doesn‟t like tea.
Jane likes coffee, but she doesn‟t like tea.

(Notice that you need a comma (,) before the connector „but.‟)

Exercise 3. Join the following sentences with the connector

„but‟

1.John has a sore back. It’s not serious.

2.Mitchell has a new job. He doesn’t like the job (it)
3.Magaly likes figs. She doesn’t like dates.

Sentence 1. ______________________________________
Sentence 2. ______________________________________
Sentence 3. ______________________________________

Copy to Clipboard