Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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A.N.Bhide, 2R.B. Chouthai, 3A.S.Karve 4 R.S. Hardas
1,2,3
U.G. Student, 4Assistant Professor,Department of Electrical Engineering,
Modern College of Engineering, Pune
Email: 1bhide.aditya14@gmail.com , 2rohan.chouthai1607@gmail.com ,
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karve.abhi@gmail.com
Abstract— A Fire-fighting system, as the switched off. So to keep the pressure in the
name suggests is a system concerned with hydrant line constant, diesel engine is used to
extinguishing fire using sensors. Such an drive the pump. Thus the diesel engine should be
automated Programmable Logical Controller in healthy condition to be able to extinguish the
(PLC) system uses a Jockey Pump, a Main fire [1]. Hence to control the parameters of
Pump and a Diesel engine. The PLC also diesel engine, we are developing the ladder logic
monitors the operation of the Diesel engine. for automatic control of Diesel Engine by
In advent of a fire, there should be a converting the conventional PCB based control
continuous flow of water through the hydrant panel to PLC based control panel.
line, pressure of which is regulated using Acknowledgement: This work is carried out at
pressure switches. Depending upon the WILO Mather and Platt pumps Pvt. Ltd under
magnitude of fire, the PLC is programmed to the guidance of MR. G.L. Shitole.
interface one of the three, (Jockey Pump,
I. LITERATURE SURVEY
Main Pump or the Diesel Engine) thus
The conventional methods need to be
extinguishing the fire.
modernized and its various functions are
I. INTRODUCTION required to be automated to achieve reduced
Automation is largely used in various industries cycle time, higher productivity, higher levels of
taking into consideration its various advantages accuracy and high reliability[2]. The age of
such as, reduction in manpower, improvement in automation has brought a new meaning to
accuracy, efficiency and speed of production. electronics in industry. Modernization and
This paper entails how to extinguish fire using Automation of industrial machines generally
Programmable Logical Controller (PLC). In comprise modification into a state-of-art
Industries, malls and theatres during advent of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) wherein
fire, there should be a continuous flow of water the conventional relay control is replaced.
through the hydrant line, pressure of which is The PLCs are being utilized for a wide variety
monitored using pressure switches. If pressure of of automation applications such as in
water goes below the specified level then the Automobile industries, in process industries and
pumps connected to elimination of the hydrant Manufacturing industries etc. Automation is the
line are turned ON, which results in increase of use of control systems such as computers,
water pressure, thereby extinguishing the fire. In microcontrollers or PLC to control industrial
case of severe fire the mains supply has to be machinery and processes, replacing human
operators. In the scope of industrialization, it is a
step beyond mechanization. Automatic
equipment is used in automation, instead of
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTING AND ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (IJACET)
manual labour. This facilitates the human errors IV. OVERVIEW OF A FIRE FIGHTING
thereby increasing the accuracy of SYSTEM
manufacturing a desired product. A PLC based fire fighting system consists
of Fire Pump, Jockey Pump.
II. EXISTING SYSTEM
A. Fire pump
The existing fire fighting system uses Printed
Circuit Board (PCB) based panels. This panel The water supply system is a pillar of any Fire
monitors the pressure switches on hydrant line as Fighting Application .The fire pump is an
well as the Diesel Engine. The panel consists of integral part of the water supply system with the
different components like IC 4011, IC 4081, IC pump intake either being connected to the public
4017, IC 4020, Capacitors and relay cards. The underground water supply piping, or a static
system operates on 24VDC supply. water source like a tank, reservoir or a lake [4]
.A fire pump is indispensible in a fire fighting
III. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS system in that it provides water at very high
Most of the existing automated fire fighting pressures to the sprinkler system risers.
systems use Printed circuit board (PCB) based The operation of the fire pump varies depending
panels [3]. Although such panels are reliable on the method used to power the pump. An
and have low cost they have large number of electric motor or a diesel engine is usually used
components which makes the circuitry to power the fire pump. In a few rare cases even a
complicated. Such a complicated circuitry once steam turbine may be used for this purpose.
employed cannot be altered to fulfill customer's On the onset of fire, the fire pump starts when
demands. Large number of components also the pressure in the hydrant line drops below a
makes the detection of faults difficult and the threshold value. This mechanism is made
faulty part has to be replaced immediately. possible by the use of pressure switches for the
In this age of multi-functionality, where main fire pump and the diesel engine driven fire
expandability of a utility is of utmost importance pump. The hydrant line pressure drops
the existing system falls short and there arises a significantly when one or more smoke detectors
need for a more flexible PLC based system. So are exposed to heat above their designed
PLC based system can be used instead of temperature, and the sprinkler opens, releasing
existing system. Such a system using PLC scans water.
digital and analog inputs through different
sensors. It can execute the logic with respect to Fire pumps serve a particularly important
the scanned Inputs, takes necessary decision and function of providing sufficient pressure when
sends it to digital /analog outputs. It has the the local municipal water system is unable to
ability to combine Digital and Analog logic provide sufficient pressure to meet the hydraulic
which is a powerful tool for the engineers. It can design requirements of the fire fighting system.
also perform PID control functions and it is easy In case of tall buildings, or in systems that
to program, debug and download which require a relatively high terminal pressure at the
increases its reliability. It also requires less fire sprinkler in order to provide a large volume
wiring. A PLC easily accommodates the of water, such as in storage warehouses, the
additional I/O’s without requiring changes in the problem of insufficient available pressure is
existing wiring. PLC can perform a wide variety likely to arise. In case of large reservoirs at the
of control tasks, from single, repetitive action to ground levels, a fire pump is needed to meet the
complex data manipulations. A PLC can be used sufficient pressure requirements at the sprinkler
to establish communication between other PLCs end.
which facilitates data collection and information Types of pumps used for fire service include:
exchange. Due to aforementioned advantages a horizontal split case, vertical split case, vertical
PLC based fire fighting system can be proposed inline, vertical turbine, and end suction
to replace the existing PCB based system. B. Jockey pump
A jockey pump is a small pump connected to the
ISSN(PRINT):2394-3408,(ONLINE):2394-3416,VOLUME-2,ISSUE-3,2015
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTING AND ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (IJACET)
ISSN(PRINT):2394-3408,(ONLINE):2394-3416,VOLUME-2,ISSUE-3,2015
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTING AND ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (IJACET)
ISSN(PRINT):2394-3408,(ONLINE):2394-3416,VOLUME-2,ISSUE-3,2015
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTING AND ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (IJACET)
ISSN(PRINT):2394-3408,(ONLINE):2394-3416,VOLUME-2,ISSUE-3,2015
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTING AND ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (IJACET)
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTING AND ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY (IJACET)
VII. CONCLUSION
It has been observed that PLC is more
convenient and efficient in controlling the
parameters of diesel engine than the
conventional control panel .By using PLC into
the automatic diesel engine control panel we can
control the parameters of the diesel engine. It is
easy to handle and modify the logic .It requires
less space and reduces errors in manufacturing
of control panel. Hence it can be seen that PLC
and its related circuits provide the logic
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