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−3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−3
−4
Example 2
Consider the following functions.
Remarks.
1. It is possible that f 0 (c) = 0 even if f does not have a relative
extremum at c.
2. A function f may have a relative extremum at c where f 0 (c) fails
to exist.
3. It is also possible that f 0 (c) may fail to exist and there is no
relative extremum at c.
−3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−3
−4
Example 4
a. f (x) = x − 2, [1,4) 1
c. h(x) = , [-2,2]
b. g(x) = −x2 , (-3, 2] x
Example 6
Find the absolute extrema of the following functions on the given
interval.
a. f (x) = x3 − 12x − 1 on [−2, 3].
b. g(x) = x4 − 8x2 + 16 on [−4, 0], [−3, 2], and [−1, 4].
c. h(x) = cos x on [−π, π].
Example 8
For several weeks, the highway department has been recording the
speed of freeway traffic flowing past a certain downtown exit. The
data suggest that between the hours of 1:00 and 6:00 P.M. on a
normal weekday, the speed of traffic at the exit is approximately