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Determine the exergy loss and both exergy efficiencies. The dead-state temperature is
T0 5 20 C.
From Steam Tables [6], h1 5 2769.12 kJ/kg and s1 5 6.6628 kJ/kg K. The ideal
isentropic outlet state 2s has s2 5 s1 and thus h2s 5 2135.20 kJ/kg. Using the definition
of the turbine isentropic efficiency, eq. (10.25), we find that h2 5 2261.99 kJ/kg.
The entropy at the turbine outlet is s2 5 7.0551 kJ/kg K. The specific work
w 5 507.13 kJ/kg.
We need the specific exergy of the steam entering and leaving; to find these we also
need h0 and s0. These are taken from the Steam Tables under saturated liquid at the
temperature T0, namely: h0 5 83.96 kJ/kg and s0 5 0.2966 kJ/kg K. Now we can find
e1 and e2, using eq. (10.11): e1 5 818.91 kJ/kg and e2 5 196.77 kJ/kg. Next we can
determine the exergy loss and the exergetic efficiencies:
Δe 5 e1 2 e2 2 ew 5 e1 2 e2 2 w ð10:30Þ
which yields Δe 5 115.00 kJ/kg. Lastly, using eqs. (10.23) and (10.24), the two effi-
ciencies are: ηIIt;BF 5 0:860 or 86:0%; and ηIIt;FUN 5 0:815 or 81:5%.
Notice that the loss of exergy in the turbine amounts to about 14% of the incoming
exergy in the geothermal steam (i.e., 115.00/818.89 5 0.140). Also note that the
functional efficiency turned out to be somewhat larger than the isentropic efficiency,
as expected.