CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objective:

The country is said to be developed, when the standard of living in that country
improved. we can improve our life style by using automation in each and every sector. By using
technology we can reduce the efforts of the people.

This project is a standalone automatic fan speed controller that controls the speed of an
electric fan according to the requirement. Use of embedded technology makes this closed-loop
feedback-control system efficient and reliable. The microcontroller (MCU) ATMega8/168/328
allows dynamic and faster control and the LCD makes the system user-friendly. Sensed
temperature and fan speed levels are simultaneously displayed on the LCD panel.

The project is very compact and uses a few components only. A low-frequency pulse-
width modulation (PWM) signal, usually in the range of about 30Hz, whose duty cycle is varied
to adjust the fan’s speed is used. An inexpensive, single, small pass transistor can be used here. It
is efficient because the pass transistor is used as a switch.

One disadvantage of this approach, however, is that it can make the fan noisy because of
the pulsed nature of the signal. The PWM waveform’s sharp edges cause the fan’s mechanical
structure to move (like a badly-designed loudspeaker), which can easily be audible.

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 CHAPTER 2

Literature Survey
2.1 Existing System:
This paper presents the design and simulation of a novel fan speed control system based
on room temperature using Pulse width Modulation Technique. The duty cycle is made to vary
according to the room temperature and the fan speed is controlled accordingly. This paper
elucidates how the autonomous speed control of fan is done based on data from the temperature
sensor. The design proposed here is appropriate according to the modern lifestyle. The
simulation of the system has been done on Proteus Professional Software v 8.0 and the various
graphs showing relationship between temperature and different parameters have been plotted in
MATLAB R2013a v8.1 to validate the accuracy of the system.

2.2 Proposed System:

There is an increase in the demand of cutting edge technology and smart electronic
systems. Microcontrollers play a very important role in the development of the smart systems as
brain is given to the system. Microcontrollers have become the heart of the new technologies that
are being introduced daily. A microcontroller is mainly a single chip microprocessor suited for
control and automation of machines and processes. Today, microcontrollers are used in many
disciplines of life for carrying out automated tasks in a more accurate manner [3-5]. Almost
every modern day device including air conditioners, power tools, toys, office machines employ
microcontrollers for their operation [6-8]. The block diagram of the microcontroller system
Microcontroller essentially consists of Central Processing Unit (CPU), timers and
counters, interrupts, memory, input/output ports, analog to digital converters (ADC) on a single
chip [9]. With this single chip integrated circuit design of the microcontroller the size of control
board is reduced and power consumption is low [10]. This paper presents the design and
simulation of the fan speed control system using PWM technique based on the room
temperature. A temperature sensor has been used to measure the temperature of the room and the
speed of the fan is varied according to the room temperature using PWM technique. The duty

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cycle is varied from 0 to 100 to control the fan speed depending upon the room temperature,
which is displayed on Liquid Crystal Display.

2.3 Target People:

 urban areas.
 developing areas.
 most technology preference area.

2.4 Characteristic of project:

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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 CHAPTER 3

Components

1. Arduino UNO
The Arduino UNO is an open-source microcontroller board based on
the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc The board is
equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to
various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. The board has 14 Digital pins, 6
Analog pins, and programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
Environment) via a type B USB cable.It can be powered by a USB cable or by an
external 9 volt battery, though it accepts voltages between 7 and 20 volts. It is also
similar to the Arduino Nano and Leonardo.The hardware reference design is distributed
under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license and is available on the
Arduino website. Layout and production files for some versions of the hardware are also
available. "Uno" means one in Italian and was chosen to mark the release of Arduino
Software (IDE) 1.0.

2. Node MCU
NodeMCU is an open source IoT platform. It includes firmware which runs on
the ESP8266 Wi-Fi SoC from Espressif Systems, and hardware which is based on the
ESP-12 module. The term "NodeMCU" by default refers to the firmware rather than the
development kits. The firmware uses the Lua scripting language. It is based on the eLua

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 project, and built on the Espressif Non-OS SDK for ESP8266. It uses many open source
projects, such as lua-cjson, and spiffs.

3. Temperature sensor:
A digital temperature is a sensor, which provides 9-bittemperature readings.
Digital temperature sensorsoffer excellent precise accuracy, these are designed to read
from 0°C to 70°C and it is possible to achieve ±0.5°C accuracy.
These sensors completely aligned with digital temperature readings in degree Celsius.

4. Regulator :
A regulator is a person or organization appointed by a government to regulate an area of
activity such as banking or industry.

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5. Led display:
it is used to indicate the whether it is working or not.

Budget
Components Price

Arduino UNO 500/-

Node Mcu 380/-

Temperature sensor 150

Regulator 75/-

Led display 220/-

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 CHAPTER 4

ALGORITHM

Here since we deal with components for the implementations the Algorithm is Explained in a
step-by-step process.
As we have already seen in the Block Diagram it is same now:

Algorithm Used While Placing the Food Ordering

Step 1: Senses the room temperture

Step 2: Read the sensor value and The output are bin are connect to the arduino

Step 3: The bin are connected into the A0 bin in the arduino

Step 4: Due to the temperature value arudino control the fan system

Step 5: Fan speed are control by relay system

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 CHAPTER 5

IMPLEMENTATION

The implementation has to control the fan speed due to the room temperature .

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 CHAPTER 6

CONCLUSION

 The presence of each and every component has been reasoned out and placed very
carefully, thus contributing to the best and efficient working of the unit. Secondly using
very highly advanced IC’s with the help of up growing technology, the project has been
successfully developed and implemented.
 In the Automatic temperature base fan speed controller system is to reduce the power
consumption
 By this system it can adjust the fan speed base up on room or hall temperature
 Man power(regulator) not needed to adjust the fan speed

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 CHAPTER 7

APPENDINCES

This project report on the topic “AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE BASED FAN SPEED
CONTROLLER” consists of an abstract,

along with a literature survey done on the topic also enclosed with the field survey report done.

1. Phase-1 analysis

2. Implementation of the Project.

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 CHAPTER 8

REFERENCES

[1] Vaibhav Bhatia and Pawan Whig, “A Secured Dual Tone Multifrequency Based Smart
Elevator Control System," International Journal of Research in Engineering and Advanced
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[2] F. Luo, X. Zhao, and Y. Xu, "A new hybrid elevator group control system scheduling
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[3] T.-H Hsu, J.-F. Liu, P.-N Yu, W.-S. Lee, and J.-S. Hsu, "Development of an automatic
parking system for vehicle," in Proc. of the International Conference on the IEEE Vehicle Power
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[4] I. Panagopoulos, C. Pavlatos and G. Papakonstantinou, "An Embedded Microprocessor for

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[5] Md. M. Islam, F. H. Md. Rafi, A. F. Mitul and M. Ahmad, "Development of a Noninvasive
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[6] S. Kwakyea and A. Baeumner”An embedded system for portable electrochemical detection",
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[7] L. J. Fu”Remote control system using infrared technology based on PIC16F873

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[8] B. Ismail, S. Taib, A. R. M. Saad, M. Isa and C. M. Hadzer, "Development of a Single Phase
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[9] Xiaodong Xia, Based on Single Chip MicrocomputerRemote Wireless Control System
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[10] T. R. F Fulford-Jones, W. Gu-Yeon, and M Welsh, "A portable, low power, wireless two-
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Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC-04), 1-5 Sept. 2004 , pp.2141-2144.

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