Civil War

the
The War Between the
and
 Learning target:

I can explore the Civil War through

images.

LESSON 1
 or
{What Would You Do?}
LESSON 1
 Welcome to the Club!
You have just been invited to be a member of an
exclusive club! You worked really hard to
become a member and your work has paid off.
There are just a few more things to consider.
Listen as your teacher reads off some
special conditions and rules to
being a member of your club.

Would You stay or Go?

LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
 Lesson Summary:
There were many differences between
the Northern and Southern states.

These differences caused tension

between the two regions.

Eventually there was a war between

the Northern and Southern states in the
1800’s called the Civil War.
LESSON 1
Imagine that the
United States was
split into two
countries. How
would our lives be
different today if
we were NOT “one
nation” like our
pledge says.

LESSON 1
 Learning target:

I can describe the differences

between the northern and southern
regions of the United States.

LESSON 2
 United States in the
late 1800’s

United States
today

LESSON 2
LESSON 2
a look
at the
life in the city
During the 1800’s, large
cities began to pop up
all over the North. By
1860, nine out of ten of
the largest cities were
located in the North.
LESSON 2
a look
at the
Although most people still lived on farms, more
and more Northerners began to move closer
to cities and large towns to work in factories.
The Northern economy depended mainly on
factories and trade.

LESSON 2
 a look
at the
A lower tariff would make the
British-made cloth cheaper.
Northern factories sold their
goods to other Americans.
However, in 1846 a law was
passed by Congress that
threatened this. The law lowered
tariffs, or taxes on imported
goods (goods from other
countries). This meant that
people could buy cheaper goods
made in places like Britain.
Factories in the North wanted
higher tariffs because this would
encourage people to buy goods
from the North. Southern states
liked the lower tariffs.
LESSON 2
a look
at the
By 1850, most Northern
states had made
slavery illegal. People
living in the North were
paid for their work.
Factory workers,
however, often
received low pay and
worked long hours.
LESSON 2
a look
at the
Many people in the South lived on
small farms during the late 1800's,
but the Southern states were mostly
known for their large plantations.
These were farms that used slave
labor to plant, grow, and harvest
their crops. Crops such as cotton
and tobacco were grown and sold
to other Americans. Most slaves in
the South lived on plantation farms,
however, some small farm owners
would use slaves, as well.
LESSON 2
 a look
at the
By 1850, six out of every The use of slaves made
ten slaves worked in a
cotton field . the South a lot of money
because they didn’t
have to pay them. In
some states the number
of slaves outnumbered
the amount of free
whites living there. The
Southern economy was
highly dependent on the
success of plantations.

CLICK HERE to learn more about how cotton came to be so important in the South. LESSON 2
 Vs.
There were many differences
between the North and the South.
These differences cause sectionalism.
Sectionalism is when a person or
group of people show a loyalty
toward one section of the country.

LESSON 2
 Lesson Summary:
The Northern states were becoming more
urban, while Southern states remained rural.
The economy in the North relied on factories
and trading.
The economy in the South relied on slaves and
plantations.
By the late 1800's, slavery was mostly
outlawed in the North but still allowed in the
South.
LESSON 2
 Learning target:

I can describe slavery in the South.

I can explain what the Underground

Railroad was.
LESSON 3
 One way that slaves attempted to
escape to from their plantations to
freedom was through a system
called the Underground Railroad.

The Underground Railroad was not an

actual railroad. It was a secret pathway
that slaves would follow, leading them out
of slave states and into free land. People
who led slaves along the route were
called “conductors." Hideouts and homes
where slaves would stay along the way
were called “stations." Slaves would
follow the North Star to guide them. The
Underground Railroad ran from around
1810 to the 1860's. It is estimated that over
100,000 slaves escaped to freedom
during this time.

LESSON 3
What were the stations Like?
Slaves would stay in secret rooms, underneath stairs, and in
barns on the Underground Railroad. The stations were usually
10-20 miles apart. Slaves would have to travel at night in hopes
not to get caught. They would wait at one station until the next
one was ready for them.

LESSON 3
 Who Were the Conductors?
Conductors, or leaders, of the Underground Railroad, were people
from various backgrounds. Some conductors were people who were
once slaves themselves, while others were free white people who
believed that slavery was wrong. Both the slaves and the conductors
risked their lives to be apart of the Underground Railroad.
One of the most famous conductors was
Harriet Tubman. She was born into slavery in
Maryland around 1820. At age 28 she
escaped to Philadelphia, traveling on the
Underground Railroad. Although she gained
her freedom, she returned to the South again
and again to help other slaves. During the Civil
War, she served as a nurse and continued to
fight to end slavery. She died in 1913.

LESSON 3
 Lesson Summary:
Slaves lived on plantation farms and were
forced to complete hard labor.

Slave codes were enforced to control slave

behavior.

Slaves rebelled by secretly traveling on the

Underground Railroad.

LESSON 3
 Learning target:

I can work in a small group to learn

about different political decisions
made regarding slavery.

LESSON 4
What Was an Abolitionist?
During this time in history, people had
different views on slavery. Most Southerners
wanted to keep slavery. Many people in the
North wanted to abolish, or get rid of, slavery.
A person who wanted to get rid of slavery
was called an abolitionist.

Which of these
posters would
have been
made by an
abolitionist?

LESSON 4
LESSON 4
LESSON 4
LESSON 4
“We must
not be
enemies.”

LESSON 4
 Lesson Summary:
An abolitionist is someone who was against slavery
and wanted to see it end.

People had different opinions on slavery and often

disagreed about how to handle the issue. These
differing opinions only increased the tension
between the North and the South.

There were many political decisions made regarding

slavery leading up to the war.

LESSON 4
 Learning target:

I can explain why the South broke

away from the Union.

I can describe the start of the Civil War.

LESSON 5
Union States

The Union &

Union Territories

Confederate States

Border States
The Confederacy
LESSON 5
Union States

The Union &

Union Territories

Confederate States

Border States
The Confederacy
LESSON 5
 Vs.
Who has the Advantage?

North

South

LESSON 5
 War Strategy
A war strategy is a set of ideas that
each side of a war will use to help
them win.

Both the Union and Confederate

armies believed that they could win the
war with their war strategy.

LESSON 5
The Battle of the Chains
YOUR TASK:
1) You will be divided into teams.
2) Each team will be given ONE piece of
construction paper, scissors, and glue.
3) As a team you will use the construction paper to create a
paper chain by cutting the paper into strips and gluing
each strip into rings that connect together.

YOUR GOAL:
Come up with a strategy with your team that will help you
create the longest paper chain and win the “Battle of the
Chains!".
LESSON 5
 Strategy
The Union had a war strategy made up of 3 parts:

Blockade
(shutting off an area to keep people
and supplies from moving in and out)
The Union planned to block
Southern ships from being
able to ship its cotton to
Europe. This would hurt the
South because selling cotton
was the main way that the
Confederacy made money
to pay for the war.
Capture
The Union also planned to capture territory along
the Mississippi River, a central area in the
Confederacy. This would weaken the Confederate
state by splitting them in two sections.
The last part of the North's
plan was called the
Anaconda Plan. The plan
was to attack the
Confederacy from all sides.
The plan was named after
the anaconda snake which

Surround wraps itself around its prey

and squeezes it to death.

LESSON 5
 Strategy
The Confederacy had its own strategy to win the war:

Defend Help from Britain

The Confederacy believed that
they would only need to defend
their own territory. They felt
that if they could just hold out
long enough until the Northerners
got sick of fighting, they could
win the war. Many Southerners
believed that Northerners didn't
have anything to gain from
winning the war and wouldn't be
willing to fight long.
The Confederacy was also planning on
getting help from Britain. They knew
that the British clothing factories
depended on Southern cotton, and felt
that the British would want to see the
Confederacy win. Unfortunately for
the Confederacy, the British already
had plenty of cotton and were even
looking to buy cotton from other
countries. Although the British allowed
the South to build several warships on
their land, they did not send any
soldiers to help.

LESSON 5
 Lesson Summary:
After Lincoln became President, some Southern states
seceded, or broke away, from the Union.

These Southern states formed their own government

called The Confederate States of America and
elected Jefferson Davis as President.

The war between the Union and the Confederacy

began after the Confederacy fired shots on Fort
Sumter in efforts to take control of the fort.

LESSON 5
 Learning target:

I can learn about the different major

battles and events of the Civil War by
exploring a digital interactive timeline.

LESSON 6
 How to Use the Link & Think
Interactive Timeline:
Click on the title of
each battle to learn
about it.

This arrow will bring

you back to the start
of each battle

These flags will bring you back to this timeline to

choose a new battle.

LESSON 6
 Each Battle and Event Home screen
Looks Like This:
Click on each
category to
learn details
about the battle
or event.

Be sure to keep
coming back to
the battle home
screen to learn
about all 4
categories.

LESSON 6
After choosing “Before the Battle,” you will
have 3 subcategories to Learn About:
Click on each category
to learn details about
what happened
before the battle.

Be sure to head back to the

"Before the Battle" page to
explore The Plan, The Leaders, and
the Prepare the Troops categories.

LESSON 6
 Lesson Summary:
There were many different battles during the Civil War. The
Union won some and the Confederacy won some.

Most of the major battles were fought in the South, destroying

a lot of the land.

During the war, President Lincoln announced the Emancipation

Proclamation, freeing slaves in the Confederate territories.

On April 9, 1865, Confederate General Robert E. Lee

surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.

LESSON 6
 Learning target:
I can explain what primary
and secondary sources are.
I can describe the life of a Civil War
soldier by exploring primary and
secondary sources.
LESSON 7
 Primary & Secondary
Sources
Secondary sources
Primary sources are sources that are sources that
provide first-hand accounts or pieces interpret and analyze
of evidence of a specific time or event primary sources.
in history.
paintings

photographs

artifacts
newspapers textbooks

historians

LESSON 7
 Letters
from War

What is the mood

of both of these
letters?

LESSON 7
 Images of
Soldier Life

LESSON 7
Click below to learn more about soldier life:

LESSON 7

Hospital tents where soldiers
were treated after battle:
Toward the end of the war, larger
and cleaner hospitals were built.
This decreased the amount of
soldiers dying from disease and
infection that they would often get
from being in the hospital.
LESSON 7
Wounded soldiers waiting
outside a hospital:

A Civil War medical kit:

LESSON 7
Draft records showing who is eligible for serving in the war:

LESSON 7
 Clara Barton
Famous Civil War nurse and founder of The American Red Cross

LESSON 7
 Lesson Summary:
The life of a soldier during the Civil War was very difficult.

Soldiers didn't just die on the battle field. They often died of
disease, infection, or starvation.

To keep enough men in the military, draft laws were set in

place.

Although women were not allowed to fight in battle, they did

serve as nurses and caregivers to wounded soldiers.

LESSON 7
 Learning target:
I can explain what
Reconstruction is and describe the major
events that happened after the Civil War.

I can explain the 13th, 14th, and 15th

Amendments.
LESSON 8
 Tangram Challenge
In small groups, you will be given a set of
tangram shapes and a pattern that you
will use your shapes to recreate.

You will need to arrange your tangram shapes to create the image
using only the outline of the pattern. You will use all seven pieces.

LESSON 8
The South After the War

LESSON 8
 What was
Reconstruction?
Much of the South was _______________ during the Civil
War. Farms, homes, and public buildings had been burned
down. The South needed to be _______________. The time
after the war when the Union helped to rebuild the South
was called ______________________. This time in history
lasted from 1865-1877.

LESSON 8
President Lincoln wanted to
reunite the North and the South
as quickly and as peacefully as
possible, but then, he was
assassinated, or murdered,
while attending the theater on
April 15, 1865 by a man who
supported the Confederacy.
Lincoln never got to carry out
his Reconstruction plans.
Instead, Vice President Andrew
Johnson became the new
President. Johnson planned to
continue on with Reconstruction
as Lincoln had planned.

LESSON 8
Goals of Reconstruction
________ the South with the North

________ the destroyed areas in the South

(ex. homes, schools, farms, railroads…etc.)
_______________ and protect the newly freed
African Americans

LESSON 8
Challenges of Reconstruction
Congress didn’t ______________ President Johnson because
he was from the South. They wanted to form their own plan for
Reconstruction apart from Johnson.

Under Johnson’s plan, he allowed Southern states to pass

__________________. These laws denied blacks the right to
vote, own land or guns, and more.

Many Southerners __________________ Congress for trying

to change their way of life.

LESSON 8
 Results of Reconstruction
Congress and President Johnson disagreed on many things during the time of
Reconstruction. Congress grew so angry at Johnson that they tried to impeach, or
remove, him from office. Congress was not successful in impeaching President
Johnson, but they were able to accomplish the following things during
Reconstruction:

Congress required the Southern states to _____________

their state Constitutions to protect the rights of blacks.
Congress established the ________________________,
an organization that helped former slaves. The Bureau
built them hospitals, schools, and helped them find jobs.
Congress ___________________ to rebuild roads,
schools, farms, and businesses.

LESSON 8
 More Results
of Reconstruction
Congress was also able to pass three new amendments. An amendment is
an addition to the US Constitution. President Johnson felt that these
amendments were unlawful because they were passed without the
representation of Southern states.

LESSON 8
 Life After
Reconstruction
Reconstruction officially ended in 1877 and all of the former Confederate states had
been allowed back into the Union. However, Southern leaders regained power in
their state governments and began passing laws that restricted African American
rights again.
Jim Crow Laws were
passed. These laws
worked to keep public
places segregated.
This meant that blacks
and whites were
separated from each
other.

LESSON 8
 Different Perspectives
of Reconstruction
As you read through the different perspectives in your group, use the following
discussion prompts:

What feelings do you Is this person

for, against, or How has the Civil War
think this person is
unsure about the and Reconstruction
having related to
Reconstruction period affected this
Reconstruction?
plans? person?

LESSON 8
 Lesson Summary:
After the war, the North tried to help the South rebuild and
reenter the Union. This time period was called Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln developed plans for Reconstruction, but then

was assassinated. Andrew Johnson became the new President.

During Reconstruction, many laws were set in place to help

protect African Americans. Unfortunately, many blacks were still
discriminated against.

After Reconstruction was over, many things in the South

returned back to the way it was before the war.

LESSON 8
 Successes Failures
of Reconstruction of Reconstruction

LESSON 8