GRAMMAR RULES AND PRACTICE

https://elt.oup.com/student/englishfile/?cc=ar&selLanguage=en

https://www.learnenglish.de/basicspage.html

http://www.esolcourses.com

PERSONAL PRONOUNS: REVIEW

1. El pronombre “I” siempre debe estar en mayúscula.

2. El pronombre “YOU” puede ser tanto singular como plural. Si es singular su significado
es “Usted”, “Tú” o “Vos”. Si es plural el significado es “Ustedes”, “Vosotros” o
“Vosotras”. La diferencia entre el singular o el plural la determina el contexto comunicativo.

3. Los pronombres “WE” y “THEY” implican el masculino (Nosotros y Ellos) y también el

femenino (Nosotras y Ellas).

4. Podemos utilizar la palabra “it” para referirnos a un animal o a una cosa, repito “a un
animal” o “a una cosa”, no a dos, ni a tres; es decir, lo utilizamos cuando nos referimos a
singular y no a plural.
What are the subject pronouns in English?
These are the subject pronouns we use in English

Subject
Singular or Plural - Who? Masculine or Feminine
Pronoun

I Singular - first person masculine or feminine

You Singular - second person masculine or feminine
He Singular - third person only masculine
She Singular - third person only feminine
It Singular - third person object / thing / animal
We Plural - first person masculine or feminine
You Plural - second person masculine or feminine
They Plural - third person masculine or feminine

When do you use IT?

IT is normally used when we refer to objects, things, animals or ideas (and not normally people).

 The dog is big. It is also hairy. (It = the dog)

 My bed is small but it is comfortable. (It = my bed)

Sometimes when we don't know the sex of a baby (we don't know if it is a boy or girl), then we can use IT.

 Their baby is very small. It only weighs 2 kilos. (It = the baby.)

We use IT when we talk about the time, weather or temperature.

 It is five o'clock (= the time is five o'clock)

 It is cold today. (= the weather is cold today.)
 It is 30º outside right now. (= the temperature is 30º outside right now)
  Practicar los pronombres. Escuchar y repetir.
http://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2013/01/03/los-pronombres-personales-en-ingles-con-pronunciacion-
y-ejercicio/

 Reemplazar:
http://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2013/09/04/ejercicios-de-pronombres-personales-en-ingles/

http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/english-personal-pronouns1.html
 VERB BE: REVIEW
Verbo TO BE – Ser o Estar

El verbo TO BE, que en castellano se traduce como SER o ESTAR, en el idioma inglés goza de una particular importancia.
Su significado depende del sentido de la oración. Por ejemplo:

I am a doctor. Soy un doctor. (Se aplica como verbo ser)

I am in my house. Estoy en mi casa. (Se aplica como verbo estar)

En el siguiente cuadro se puede observar su declinación en el modo indicativo del Presente Simple:

Tanto en el modo afirmativo como en la forma negativa pueden utilizarse las siguientes contracciones:
El Verbo TO BE - Como entenderlo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NbkyiO6mcYA

Elige la forma correcta del presente simple AFIRMATIVO del

verbo to be. El primer ejemplo esta hecho.

1 Su s an is my n ew fri en d . 3 M y n ei gh b ou r s __ __ v e ry n oi s y.
am
is
ar e
am
is
ar e

4 Th e c at __ __ i n th e ga rd en .
2 I ___ _ a v e ry g o o d d ri v e r.
am
ar e
ar e
is
is
am
5 Su san an d Mi ke ____ my paren ts. 8 Y ou r b es t f ri en d _ ___ at h om e .
ar e is

is ar e

am am

6 Th e y ___ _ my b e s t f ri en d s. 9 W e __ __ f r om S pa i n .
ar e is

am am

is ar e

7 I ___ _ su r e . 10 Lu k e a n d T om _ _ __ ac to r s .
am ar e

ar e am

is is

Elige la forma correcta del presente simple NEGATIVO del

verbo to be. El primer ejemplo está hecho.
1 S he isn´t m y b e s t f r i e nd . 6 T he y _ _ _ _ b u s d r i ve r s .
a m no t a m no t

isn't i s no t

a r e n' t a r e no t

2 I _ _ _ _ ha p p y . 7 It _ _ _ _ a s m a l l ho u s e .
a m no t a m no t

i s no t isn't

a r e no t a r e n' t

3 S he _ _ _ _ 8 0 y e a r s o l d . 8 We ____ tired.
a m no t a m no t

i s no t i s no t

a r e no t a r e no t

4 He ____ in Japan. 9 I _ _ _ _ a t ho m e .
a m no t a m no t

isn't isn't

a r e n' t a r e n' t

5 It _ _ _ _ r e d . 10 You ____ sad.

a m no t a m no t

isn't i s no t

a r e n' t a r e no t
  Online practice: complete the gaps
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/be3.htm

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QUESTION WORDS
 The most common question words in English are the following:

WHO
WHO is only used when referring to people. (= I want to know the person)

 Who is the best football player in the world?

 Who are your best friends?
 Who is that strange guy over there?

WHERE
WHERE is used when referring to a place or location. (= I want to know the place)

 Where is the library?

 Where do you live?
 Where are my shoes?

WHEN
WHEN is used to refer to a time or an occasion. (= I want to know the time)

 When do the shops open?

 When is his birthday?
 When are we going to finish?

WHY
WHY is used to obtain an explanation or a reason. (= I want to know the reason)

 Why do we need a nanny?

 Why are they always late?
 Why does he complain all the time?

Normally the response begins with "Because..."

WHAT
WHAT is used to refer to specific information. (= I want to know the thing)

 What is your name?

 What is her favourite colour?
 What is the time?

WHICH
WHICH is used when a choice needs to be made. (= I want to know the thing between alternatives)

 Which drink did you order – the rum or the beer?

 Which day do you prefer for a meeting – today or tomorrow?
 Which is better - this one or that one?

HOW
HOW is used to describe the manner that something is done. (= I want to know the way)

 How do you cook paella?

 How does he know the answer?
 How can I learn English quickly?
With HOW there are a number of other expressions that are used in questions:
How much – refers to a quantity or a price (uncountable nouns)

 How much time do you have to finish the test?

 How much is the jacket on display in the window?
 How much money will I need?

How many – refers to a quantity (countable nouns)

 How many days are there in April?

 How many people live in this city?
 How many brothers and sister do you have?

How often – refers to frequency

 How often do you visit your grandmother?

 How often does she study?
 How often are you sick?

How far – refers to distance

 How far is the university from your house?

 How far is the bus stop from here?

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LISTENINGS: http://www.languageguide.org/english/vocabulary/

 numbers – listening http://www.languageguide.org/english/numbers/

 The Alphabet – listening http://www.languageguide.org/english-uk/alphabet/ UK
http://www.languageguide.org/english/alphabet/ US