L5 6 7 8 Private Class Int PDF

Welcome!
Since this is a Private Class, please let your teacher know if you
have a specific topic request.
How can I interact with the class?

Take a look at how to use your toolbar.
Quick tip: Can't see the toolbar?

Hover your mouse at the bottom of your screen and it will
automatically pop up.
send messages
audio setup
talk
Level 5 Index
5.01. How Often Do You Go On Vacation?
5.02. Modals: Recommendations and
Suggestions
5.03. Present Perfect Review: Where
have you traveled?
5.04. Present Perfect Tense vs Past
Simple Tense
5.05. Reported Speech
5.06. Past and Present Habits
5.07. Tag Questions
5.08. Past Habits with Would
5.09. Past Perfect Tense
5.10. Level 5 Review
Wrap-up
Level 6 Index
6.01. Past Perfect Tense: Reported
Speech
6.02. Review: Past Tense
6.03. Review: Zero and First Conditionals
6.04. If Clauses: Second Conditional
6.05. If Clauses: Third Conditional
6.06. Review: Conditionals
6.07. Superlatives
6.08. Irregular Comparatives and
Superlatives
6.09. Making Comparisons and
Evaluations: Which is best?
6.10. Expressions for Understanding
6.11. Explaining a Recipe: How Did You
Make That?
Wrap-up
Level 7 Index
7.01. Passives
7.02. Relative Clauses with “That”
7.03. Relative Clauses with "Who“
7.04. Future Perfect Tense: What will you
have done by the end of the year?
7.05. Intensifier Collocations: We're
absolutely thrilled!
7.06. How to Apologize
7.07. How to Interrupt Politely
7.08. Conversation: Travel
7.09. Conversation: Me, Myself, and I
Wrap-up
Level 8 Index
8.01. Perfect Tense Review
8.02. Indirect and Direct Requests
8.03. Conversation: Job Interviews
8.04. Conversation: Small Talk
8.05. Conversation: Community
8.06. Conversation: Culture
8.07. Conversation: Just For Fun
8.08. Conversation: Books & Movies
8.09. Conversation: It’s a Date
8.10. Conversation: Life Goals
Wrap-up
5.01. How Often Do You Go On
Vacation?
5.01 - How Often Do You Go On

Vacation?
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
• describe how often something occurred using adverbs
of frequency.
• talk about past vacations.
Back to Index
5.01 - Warm-up
Match the adverbs of frequency.
100% never
95% almost always
80% sometimes, occasionally
50% not very often, seldom
20% usually, often, frequently
5% almost never
0% always
How often do you speak English?
I __________ speak English.

5.01 - Let’s Learn
To answer the question “how often?”, English uses adverbs of frequency. They tell us
how frequently something happens.
Subject + adverb of frequency + verb + rest of sentence.
Example:
Where did you usually go on vacation when you were a child?

We usually went to the beach.
How often did you travel out of the country?

I occasionally traveled out of the country.
5.01 - Let’s Practice Wh?:
who what
where when
Practice asking and answering questions with adverbs of frequency. why how
Who did you usually visit when you were a child? Subjects:
he she
they you
we Mason
Adverbs of frequency:
frequently generally
normally sometimes
occasionally usually
always never
almost always
almost never
Adverbs of frequency:
5.01 - Let’s Practice frequently generally
normally sometimes
Answer the following questions with adverbs of frequency. occasionally usually
always never
almost always
almost never
When you were a child, how often did you go on vacation?
Where did you go on vacation?
When did you go on vacation?
How did you get there?
What did you do on your vacations?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.02. Modals: Recommendations
and Suggestions
5.02 - Modals:
Recommendations and
Suggestions
• indicate the strength of your recommendation using
different modals.
• give advice about packing and traveling.
Back to Index
5.02 - Warm-up
What do you need to pack when you go on

vacation?
What shouldn't you do when you travel?

To give recommendations or indicate obligation, English uses different modal verbs.
Modal Degree of obligation Example
should mild You should visit Miami.

shouldn’t You shouldn’t be rude to strangers.
need to moderate You need to book your ticket before
traveling.
must strong You must obey the law.
5.02 - Let’s Practice
Think about degrees of obligation. Fill in the blanks with the correct modal.
You ______________ leave your trash on the street.
You ______________ be careful on public transportation when you travel.
They ______________ leave now or they will miss the flight!
You ______________ snorkel when you're on vacation. It's fantastic!
Word Bank:
should shouldn’t
need to must
Answer the questions using modal verbs. (Remember: subject + modal + verb + rest of sentence)
Where do you recommend taking a trip?
What shouldn't you pack when you go on vacation?
What laws must you obey when you travel?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.03. Present Perfect Review:
Where have you traveled?
5.03 - Present Perfect Review:

• talk about different experiences that happened in
the past.
• ask about different experiences in the past.
Back to Index
5.03 - Warm-up
Have you been to an amusement park?
Have you visited another country?

Remember, to describe general experiences that happened at an unspecified time in the
past or an action that extends to the present, English uses the present perfect tense.
Subject + has / have + past participle + rest of the sentence.
Example:
We have traveled to Malta many times.

She has walked two miles already.
In spoken English, native speakers tend to use the contracted form of the present perfect
tense:
Remember!
Subject + verb Contraction Regular past participles
are formed:
I have I’ve verb + ed
you have you’ve Irregulars:
he / she / it has he’s / she’s / it’s To be = been
To see = seen
we have we’ve To eat = eaten
To go = gone
they have they’ve To buy = bought
Talk to your teacher about different experiences you have had.
I have visited many cities in my country.
Word Bank:
eat learn go
buy be see
travel visit exercise
To ask about past experiences, English can use the form:
Wh-? + has / have + subject + past participle + rest?
Example:

What has she suggested in the past?
Create a question using the above form.

Ask your teacher about their different experiences.
What languages have you learned?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.04. Present Perfect Tense vs
Past Simple Tense
5.04 - Present Perfect vs Past

Simple
• use the past simple and present perfect to talk
about past vacations.
• discuss when and where you traveled.
Back to Index
5.04 - Warm-up
Where have you traveled on vacation?
What did you do on your last vacation?

Both tenses are used to talk about the past. What is the difference?
Past Simple: Present Perfect:

subject + verb-ed + rest subject + have/has + past participle + rest
The past simple is generally used to talk about a The present perfect is generally used:
completed action in the past. If it is a specific time
in the past, use past simple. 1) to express a repeated action in the past.
Ex: I have traveled to Canada three times in the past year.
Ex: I went to Canada last year.
She called me yesterday. 2) to express an action in the past that continues
They drove to Miami last weekend. to the present.
Ex: Oliver has cooked the turkey already. (but he is still
cooking dinner)
3) with non-specific times and experiences in the

past.
Ex: She has climbed Mount Everest. She’s visited Nepal.
Give your own example:

Give your own example:
Past Simple: Present Perfect:
subject + verb-ed + rest subject + have/has + past participle + rest
The past simple is commonly used with a The present perfect is commonly used with
definite point in the past: the words for and since.
last night at time (ex. at 5:30pm) Example:

yesterday # days/weeks/years ago I have lived in Canada since I was ten.
at midnight this morning You have studied English for a long time.
Example:
I talked to my mother this morning.
Elijah traveled to Canada five days ago.
Remember irregular Remember irregular

past simple? past participles?
To be = was/were To be = been
To see = saw To see = seen
To eat = ate To eat = eaten
To go = went To go = gone
To buy = bought To buy = bought
Fill in the blanks with the correct verb and verb tense.
Charlotte ________________ as a librarian for ten years. She is leaving for her
dream vacation in a few weeks. She ___ ________________ this trip since 2010.
She ________________ her boss for the time off before she ________________
her ticket. Charlotte is excited to travel.
Word Bank:
ask book eat
go plan work
Have you ever eaten something unusual on vacation?
Did you travel outside of the country on your last vacation? Where did you go?
What souvenirs did you buy?
Did you see any interesting sites?
Have you ever been on a road trip?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.05. Reported Speech
5.05 - Reported Speech

• talk about a recommended place to travel.
• describe travel locations.
• report what someone has previously said.
Back to Index
5.05 - Warm-up
Add the synonyms to the correct quadrant. Can you think of any others?
Big Beautiful
enormous
Expensive Not nice
Word Bank:
enormous exquisite towering unattractive
costly unpleasant pricey picturesque
To talk about something someone said in the past, English uses reported speech.
English uses a reporting verb like “say + that” to indicate speech is being reported.
Karla says: I enjoy Hawaii.

I report: Karla said that she enjoyed Hawaii.
If the direct speech is in the present simple, the reported speech is often in the past
simple. Complete the chart.
Direct Speech Reported Speech

(present simple) (past simple)
I think London is beautiful. She said that she thought London was beautiful.
Elijah: The mountains are enormous. He said…
My mother and I: We think the

restaurant is pricey.
Karla just got back from Hawaii. She tells you:
“Hawaii is exquisite.”
“It's a safe place to visit.”
“It is expensive though.”
“The Big Island has towering volcanos.”
Tell your teacher what Karla said. (Hint: Subject 1 + said + that + subject 2 + past simple + rest.)
Karla said that ____________________________________________________.

Ask your teacher about where they live. Then report what they answer.
Where do you live?

I live in Miami. My teacher said that she lived in Miami.
Where is an interesting place to visit?
What fun activities does your teacher suggest?
When is the best time of year to visit?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.06. Past and Present Habits
5.06 - Past and Present Habits

• talk about places you like to visit.
• discuss places you used to visit.
Back to Index
5.06 - Warm-up
Where do you travel on vacation?
Where did you use to go on vacation?

To compare past events and present events, English uses the verb used to and then the
base form of the verb.
Use used to to talk about repeated past actions that are no longer true in the present.
Use the present simple tense for actions that are repeated or usual and are true in the
present. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something
that often happens.
Example:
I used to visit my grandparents in the summer. Now, I travel to Europe.
Talk like a native English speaker!
When pronouncing used to, it is common for the /d/ to be dropped. When you do this, it sounds like
you are saying "you-stu".
Practice pronouncing used to, dropping the /d/ sound:

Name something you used to do while on vacation.
Name places you used to visit.
To inquire about past travel habits, English uses the form:
Did + subject + use to + verb?*
Example:
Did Scott use to scuba dive?
*Note: because did is already in the past tense, the “used to” structure must be in the present.
Compare and contrast what you and your teacher used to enjoy doing on vacation
compared to now. Ask your teacher what activities they used to enjoy and what activities
they enjoy now.
Teacher Me
My teacher used to go to the beach. Now I used…
my teacher goes to the mountains.
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.07. Tag Questions
5.07 - Tag Questions

• describe a city and a place.
• confirm information that is suspected to be true.
• adjust question intonation.
Back to Index
5.07 - Warm-up
Match the definition to the corresponding adjective.
ancient visited by a lot of sightseers
bustling loud, rowdy, boisterous
charming something that has a long history
touristy a busy place, crowded
lively many things going on, active
noisy delightful, nice

To clarify information or to ask for agreement, spoken English uses tag questions. Tag
questions appear at the end of a statement. There are many different tag questions. This
lesson will discuss: to be + subject pronoun?
positive statement, + negative question tag?
Paris is a bustling city, isn’t it?
negative statement + positive question tag?
Layla isn’t going to Paris, is she?

Confirm the information using tag questions. (to be + subject pronoun)
He is flying on a plane, _____________________?
He isn't flying on a plane, _____________________?
Amelia is going to the beach, _____________________?
Amelia isn't going to the beach, _____________________?
They are traveling to Mexico, _____________________?
They aren’t traveling to Mexico, _____________________?

Intonation is very important when using tag questions. It conveys to the listener what kind
of information the speaker wants.
Looking for agreement: the intonation of the tag question will drop. It will sound like a
statement.
You’re visiting London, aren’t you?
Asking a genuine question and expecting a response: the intonation of the tag question
will rise.
You’re visiting London, aren’t you?

Listen to your teacher read the phrases. Are they looking for agreement or are they
asking a genuine question?
You’re learning English, aren’t you?
You’re not at the beach right now, are you?
You’re using a computer, aren’t you?

Word Bank:
5.07 - Let’s Practice ancient bustling charming
Describe the images using question tags. touristy lively noisy
The city is bustling, isn’t it?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.08. Past Habits with Would
5.08 - Past Habits with Would

• talk about old habits.
• describe present habits.
Back to Index
5.08 - Warm-up
List as many habits as you can think of:
Exercising daily
To talk about a past habits, English uses the form:
Subject + would + verb + rest of sentence.
To talk about current habits, English uses the present simple tense.
Example:
I would run before school when I was young. Now, I run after work.
She would walk home after school. Now, she takes the bus.
In spoken English, native speakers tend to use the contracted form:

Subject + would Contraction
I would I’d
you would you’d
he / she / it would he’d / she’d / it’d
we would we’d
they would they’d
What would they do in the past?
She would read a book

before bed.
Word Bank:
study work wake up go to bed drink
drive eat walk talk take the bus
To indicate how often a habit was practiced, English uses adverbs of frequency:
always
almost always
usually
occasionally
sometimes
almost never
never
Example:
I would always run before school when I was young.

She would sometimes show up late for work.
How often would you walk to school?
How often do you exercise before work?
How often do you call an old friend or relative?
How often would you play with your friends after school?
Word Bank:
always daily rarely infrequently
sometimes never occasionally
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.09. Past Perfect Tense
5.09 - Past Perfect

• discuss multiple events that happened at different
times in the past.
• talk about something you did before you went to
bed.
Back to Index
5.09 - Warm-up
Before you went to bed last night, what did you do?
I had ____________________________ before I
went to bed last night.
Name something you did before you were an adult.

I had _____________________________ before I
was an adult.
To talk about multiple events that happened at different times in the past, English often
uses the past perfect tense:
Subject + had + past participle
The past perfect tense helps make it clear what order the events happened. It does not
matter which event is mentioned first—the tense makes it clear which one happened first.
Earlier event Later event

(had + past participle) (past simple)
I had studied English before I went to Sydney.
Emily had saved her spreadsheet before the computer crashed.
Remember!
Later event Earlier event Perfect tenses always
(past simple) (had + past participle) use the auxiliary verb:
to have
He was very tired because he had not slept well.
Remember!
When I arrived at the station the train had already left. Regular past participles
are formed:
verb + ed
To form the past participle, English usually adds –ed to the end of regular verbs. However,
there are many irregular past participle verbs.
Verb Past Simple Tense Past Participle

To be was / were been
To see saw seen
To eat ate eaten
To go went gone
To buy bought bought
To take took taken
To give gave given
To wear wore worn
Contractions:
I had = I’d
You had = you’d
he had = he’d
she had = she’d
it had = it’d
we had = we’d
they had = they’d
Complete these sentences using the past perfect tense.
I _________________ too much pasta when dessert arrived.
The party _________________ when they arrived.
Benjamin ________ already ___________ tickets to Chicago when the prices lowered.
She _________________ to bed when the phone rang.
Madeline _________________ that movie many times when it played again on TV.
I ________ already ___________ the order when I changed my mind.
Word Bank:
eat go end
buy place see
What had you studied before starting your job?
How much had you studied English before learning with Open English?
What had you wanted to do before you came to class today?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
5.10 - Level 5 Review

• discuss past habits.
• talk about things you did as a child.
• describe past experiences.
Back to Index
5.10 - Warm-up
Read these words for your teacher:
- shopped
- needed
- cleaned
All these verbs end in -ed. Are they all pronounced the same?
5.10 - Let’s Review
You already know how to create the past simple tense and /t/ /d/ /id/
the past participle: final final final
“verb + -ed” consonant consonant consonant
-p -l -t
There are three ways to pronounce the “-ed” at the end of a
verb: -k -n -d
-f -r
• Sound: /t/ Example: helped = helpt -gh -g
• Sound: /d/ Example: called = cald -sh -v
• Sound: /id/ Example: wanted = want-ed (2 syllables)*
-ch -s
*/id/ pronunciation adds a syllable to the word.
-ss -z
How do we know which pronunciation to use? -ce -b
It depends on the last consonant of the verb.
-x -m
Word Bank: Add the verbs from the word bank to the correct pronunciation list. Then read
the list aloud.
accepted /t/ /d/ /id/
buzzed
canceled
checked
climbed
cured
coughed
established
developed
danced
explained
kissed
scratched
taxed
sniffed
pretended
5.10 - Let’s Review and Practice
Remember, to talk about things in the past that are no longer true, English uses used to:
Subject + used to + verb
What did you used to do as a child?
Remember, to compare current and past habits, English uses the form:
Subject + would + verb + rest of sentence. Now, subject + present simple tense
What would you do as a child? What habits do you have now?

There are many tenses you can use to talk about past experiences. Remember:
Simple past tense:
verb + -ed or irregular verb
Example: I visited France last year. or I went to France last year.
Present perfect tense:

has/have + past participle
Example: I have visited France many times.
Past perfect tense:

had + past participle
Example: I had visited France before I went to Canada.

What did you pack on your last vacation?
What did you do before you went to bed last night?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
Wrap-up
Answer one of the following questions:
• How will you use what you learned today?
• What do you need to improve on?
• What did you do well on today?
Back to Index
6.01. Past Perfect Tense:
Reported Speech
6.01 - Past Perfect Tense: Reported

Speech
• talk about what others have said or thought by using
reported speech.
• describe past experiences by using the past perfect
tense.
Back to Index
6.01 - Warm-up
When was the last time you talked to your

best friend?
What did you talk about?
What did he/she tell you?

To report what others said or thought in the past, English uses reported speech with the
past perfect tense.
English uses reporting verbs such as said, thought, explained, told, asked, etc. to indicate
reported speech.
Direct speech: I bought a new car.

Reported speech: Chloe explained she had bought a new car.
Use the past perfect if the direct speech is in any of the past tenses (past simple, past
continuous, present perfect, past perfect).
Direct Speech Reported Speech

(past tense) (past perfect)
My boss left earlier today. She told us her boss had left earlier that day.
Ryan and I: Have you guys been here before? We asked if they had been here before.
My mother and I thought the restaurant was

charging too much.
Remember, the past perfect is formed:
subject + had + past participle
In spoken English, we tend to use the contracted form of the present perfect tense:
Subject + verb Contraction

I had I’d
you had you’d
he / she / it had he’d / she’d / it’d
Remember!
we had we’d Regular past participles
are formed:
they had they’d verb + ed
Irregulars:
To be = been
To see = seen
To eat = eaten
To go = gone
To buy = bought
6.01 - Let’s Practice Reporting verbs:
said explained
Report what has been said. told thought
asked
She had studied English before.

She explained she'd studied English before.
Bill had arrived last week.
We had been to Spain last year.
Jane had read this book before.
They had eaten pizza many times.

Tell your teacher what happened in each picture using reported speech.
Ben told Aubrey he’d baked a cake.

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.02. Review: Past Tense
6.02 - Review: Past Tense

• describe past experiences by using different past
tenses.
• talk about past accomplishments by using different
past tenses.
Back to Index
6.02 - Warm-up
What did you do last weekend?
Have you been to the United States?

Past Simple: Past Continuous:

Q: Did + subject + verb + rest? Q: Was/ were + subject + present participle + rest?
A: Subject + verb-ed + rest A: Subject + was/were + present participle + rest
The past continuous is generally used

The past simple is generally used to talk
about an action that happened at a specific 1) to talk about an action that was in
time in the past. progress at a specific time in the past.
Example: 2) to talk about an action that was in
Did Brian drive to work this morning? progress when another action interrupted it.
Yes, Brian drove to work this morning.
Example:
Were you studying when she called?
Yes, I was studying when she called.
Remember irregular
past simple?
To be = was/were
To see = saw
To eat = ate
To go = went
To buy = bought *Present participle = verb + ing
Present Perfect: Past Perfect:

Q: Have/has + subject + past participle + rest? Q: Had + subject + past participle + rest?
A: Subject + have/has + past participle + rest A: Subject + had + past participle + rest
The present perfect is generally used: The past perfect is generally used to talk
about an action that occurred before
1) to describe experiences in the past. another action the past. The past perfect
Ex: I have traveled to Canada many times. indicates the action happened first.
2) to express an action in the past that Example:

continues to the present. Had you studied English before you moved to New
Ex: Oliver has cooked the turkey already. (but he is York?
still cooking dinner) Yes, I had studied English before I moved to New
York.
Remember irregular
past participles?
To be = been
To see = seen
To eat = eaten
To go = gone
*past participle = verb + -ed To buy = bought
Had you studied English before you joined Open English?
What did you eat for dinner last night?
Have you ever been to France?
Have you ever climbed a mountain?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.03. Review: Zero and First
Conditionals
6.03 - Review: Zero and First

Conditionals
• talk about general truths and weather conditions
using the zero conditional.
• talk about possible weather conditions and probable
results using the first conditional.
Back to Index
6.03 - Warm-up
What will you do tomorrow if it snows?
What will you do this weekend if it rains?

Remember, to talk about general truths and real or possible situations, English uses the
zero conditional.
The zero conditional describes a situation that always has the same result. Zero
conditional sentences contain two clauses. Both parts are in the present tense and are
separated by a comma.
If clause (condition) Main clause (result)

If + present simple, present simple.
If it rains, you get wet.
If it snows, it is cold.
If you press the button, the doorbell rings.
If Ethan is on vacation, I take his phone calls.
If…
Describe the weather and consequences using zero conditional sentences.
If it is sunny, the family plays outside.

Remember, to talk about events that will probably happen in the future, English uses the
first conditional.
The first conditional describes a possible condition and its probable result. First
conditional sentences contain two clauses that are separated by a comma.

If + present simple, simple future.
If it rains, I will stay home.
If it snows, we will build a snowman.
If the train is late, she will miss her meeting.
If the weather is bad, they won’t go to the beach.
If…
Answer the questions using the first conditional tense.
What will you do if it rains this weekend?
What will you do if it is hot tomorrow?
What will you do if it snows tonight?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.04. If Clauses: Second
Conditional
6.04 - If Clauses: Second

Conditional
• talk about hypothetical situations using the second
conditional.
• discuss possible actions using the second
conditional.
Back to Index
6.04 - Warm-up
What would you do if you won the lottery?
If I won the lottery, I would…
What would you do if it snowed in summer?

If it snowed in summer, I would…
To talk about a hypothetical situation and its probable result, English uses the second
conditional. Second conditional sentences contain two clauses that are separated by a
comma.

If + past simple, would + verb + rest.
If I won the lottery, I’d buy a big house.
If it snowed in the summer, Logan would be surprised.
If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so tired.
If…
Contractions:
I would = I’d
You would = you’d
he would = he’d
she would = she’d
it would = it’d
we would = we’d
they would = they’d
Choose the correct answer.
If John _______________ English, he _______________ a better job.

A) speaks; would get
B) would speak; would get
C) spoke; would get
If they _______________ a spaceship, they _______________ to Mars.

A) would have; flew
B) had; would fly
C) have; would fly
If Donna _______________ , she _______________ her exams.

A) studied; would pass
B) study; passed
C) studies; will pass
How would you feel if you won a trip around the world?
What would you say if you met your favorite celebrity?
What would you see if you went to New York?
What would you do if you saw a bank robber?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.05. If Clauses: Third
Conditional
6.05 - If Clauses: Third

Conditional
• talk about things you would have done using the third
conditional.
• describe experiences you would have had using the
third conditional.
Back to Index
6.05 - Warm-up
What would you have done if it had rained yesterday?
If it had rained yesterday, I would have…
What would you have seen if you had gone to New York last weekend?
If I had gone to New York last weekend, I would have seen…
To talk about an unreal past* condition and its probable–but hypothetical—result in the
past, English uses the third conditional.
Third conditional sentences contain two clauses that are separated by a comma.

If + past perfect, would + have + past participle + rest.
If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained, you would have gotten wet.
If I had seen Abigail, I would have told her to call you.
If…
Remember!
Regular past participles
are formed:
verb + ed
Irregulars:
To be = been
To see = seen
To eat = eaten
To go = gone
*unreal past = when the verb tense is in the past, but what is being talked about didn’t To buy = bought
actually happen
How would you complete these sentences?
If it had been sunny last weekend,
If we had gone to the movies,
If Alexander had saved his money,
If the team had played better,

What would you have talked about if you had met your great-great-grandparents?
What would you have done if you had been born with superpowers?
How would you feel if you had eaten too many cookies?
What would you have worn if you had gone to a party last night?
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.06. Review: Conditionals
6.06 - Review: Conditionals

• talk about activities that you would like to happen in
the future using conditionals.
• describe events that could have happened in the
past using conditionals.
Back to Index
6.06 - Warm-up
What will you do if work or school is canceled tomorrow?
Where would you have visited if you had gone on vacation last week?
Do you remember how to use the conditional?
Zero Conditional First Conditional
English uses the zero conditional to talk English uses the first conditional to talk
about facts or things that are true. It about events that will probably happen in
describes a situation that always has the the future. It describes a possible condition
same result. and its probable result.
If clause (condition) Main clause (result) If clause (condition) Main clause (result)
If + simple present, simple present If + simple present, simple future
If it rains, the grass gets wet. If she misses her train, she will be late.
Remember simple future (will)

contractions?
I will = I’ll it will = it’ll

you will = you’ll we will = we’ll
he will = he’ll they will = they’ll
she will = she’ll
Do you remember how to use the conditional?
Second Conditional Third Conditional
English uses the second conditional to talk English uses the third conditional to talk
about a hypothetical situation and its about an unreal past situation and its
probable result. probable result in the past.
If clause (condition) Main clause (result) If clause (condition) Main clause (result)
If + simple past, would + verb If + past perfect, would + past perfect
If I won the lottery, I would buy a fancy car. If it had been sunny, we would have gone to
the beach.
*Remember, the contracted form of would have = would’ve.

Answer these questions using the correct conditional tense.
What happens if it is hot? (zero conditional)
What will you do if it rains tomorrow? (first conditional)
What would you do if you met your favorite celebrity? (second conditional)
What would you have done if it had been sunny today? (third conditional)
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.07. Superlatives
6.07 - Superlatives
• compare different people.
• use an array of adjectives to describe people.
Back to Index
6.07 - Warm-up
List as many adjectives that describe
people you can think of:
tall
When there are three or more things to compare, English generally uses the form:
the + adjective + -est
If the adjective has three or more syllables, use
the + most + adjective
Remember, if the adjective ends in "-y," add "-iest”.
Syllable Adjective Superlative

1 tall the tallest
2 happy the happiest
3 important the most important
Word Bank:
6.07 - Let’s Practice happy sad
tall short
Use the word bank to compare the people in the picture. young old
Adam is the tallest.
John is….
Karen is….
John Karen Michael Andrea Adam
Michael is…
Andrea is…
Adam is…
6.07 - Let’s Practice Word Bank – adjectives:
old young
Describe your family: friendly funny
nice tall
short happy
responsible
Word Bank – people:

sister brother
aunt uncle
son daughter
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.08. Irregular Comparatives and
Superlatives
6.08 - Irregular Comparatives

and Superlatives
• talk about the highlights of the city you live in.
• describe different areas of a city.
Back to Index
6.08 - Warm-up
Which restaurant in your city do you like best?
Which restaurant in your city do you like least?

To compare two things, English uses comparatives. To compare more than two things,
English uses superlatives.
Sometimes, comparatives and superlatives are irregular:

Adjective Comparative Superlative Special Use
good better best
bad worse worst
little less least with uncountable nouns
many more most with countable nouns
much more most with uncountable nouns
far farther farthest with physical distance
far further furthest with figurative distance
Structure: the + superlative + (object)*.

*The object is often omitted at the end of a sentence.
Example:
I think Los Angeles is a better city than New York City. But Chicago is the best (city).
The furthest I’ve read is page 201.
The mailbox is the farthest away I will walk in the rain.
Tell your teacher about your country. Then, ask your teacher about where they live.
Where would you recommend visiting in your country? (use good, better, best)
Where is there a lot of traffic? (use bad, worse, worst)
Where are the most popular destinations? (use less/least and more/most)
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.09. Making Comparisons and
6.09 - Making Comparisons and

• compare houses, apartments and condominiums
using as and not as.
• talk about features of a home using too and enough.
Back to Index
6.09 - Warm-up
Match the definition to the corresponding adjective.
spacious related to the countryside; rural
elegant tasteful; attractive
charming fashionable; modern
cozy large
rustic pleasing; delightful
contemporary warm; comfortable

To evaluate and compare the features or attributes of a house, apartment or a condo,
English can use the following patterns:
Structure Usage Example
as...as used to compare things that are equal in The house is as expensive as
some way the condominium.
not as used to compare things that are not The apartment is not as
equal spacious as the house.
too means more or less than what is needed This house is too big.
This apartment is too small.
enough means something is sufficient This condo is big enough for our
family.
not…enough means something is not sufficient The apartment is not elegant
enough.
Real Estate Agent: This apartment is not as ____________as the house, but I think it is big
____________ for your family.
Client: Yes, I agree. It is ____________ elegant ____________ the house, as well!
Real Estate Agent: What do you think about the style? Is it ____________ contemporary?
Client: No, I love it!
Word Bank:
as…as not as too
enough not enough spacious
Describe the pictures. How are they the same? How are they different?
Word Bank:
as…as. not as spacious elegant charming
enough not…enough cozy rustic contemporary
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.10. Expressions for
Understanding
6.10 - Expressions for

Understanding
• ask other people their thoughts and opinions using
discourse markers.
• ask someone for clarification.
Back to Index
6.10 - Warm-up
What do you say when you meet someone for the first time?
How do you keep the conversation going?

To indicate when a speaker wants to go on to a new topic, give their opinion or say
something the listener might not want to hear, English uses discourse markers. They are
often used to keep the conversation going.
Common discourse markers include:

• Right?
• Really?
• I suppose
• I know
• Well
• So
• Anyway
To clarify statements and ask others for clarification, English can use the expressions:
• You know?
• Does that make sense?
• I mean
• You see
Identify the discourse markers in the following conversation.
Crystal: I’m sick.
Stephanie: Really? What’s the problem?
Crystal: Well, I have a headache and a fever.
Stephanie: I think you should see a doctor.
Crystal: I suppose. But I'm afraid of needles, you know?
Stephanie: I know, but it’s the only way you'll get better. Right?
Crystal: I know, I'll go see a doctor.

Choose one of the statements below and have a debate with your teacher. Use
discourse markers to keep the conversation going.
Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.
Cats are better than dogs.
Medical care should be free for everyone.

You are at a party and you meet someone for the first time.
How would you initiate the conversation?
How do you keep the conversation going?
What do you say if you do not understand the person?
Role play the conversation with your teacher!

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
6.11. Explaining a Recipe: How
Did You Make That?
6.11 - Explaining a Recipe: How

Did You Make That?
• give recipe instructions using sequence adverbs.
• talk about a dish you made in the past.
Back to Index
6.11 - Warm-up
Do you know how to conjugate these verbs in the past?
Verb Past simple Past continuous Present perfect Past perfect

add added was/were have/has added had added
adding
bake
mix
chop
beat
pour
To describe the order in which actions happen, English uses sequence adverbs:
first à next à then à after that à finally
To clarify instructions, to get more details about a topic, to show something is understood,
or to continue the conversation, English uses discourse markers and follow-up questions.
Example:
Sarah: I will bake a cake.
Julie: Really? What for?
Sarah: For my parents’ anniversary!
Julie: Great! What kind of cake will you make?
Sarah: I suppose I’ll make a chocolate cake.
Your teacher will describe how he/she makes a sandwich. Try to think of questions to ask
your teacher. (Ex: How much cheese do you use? What kind of bread do you like?)
Now switch roles. Give your teacher instructions on how to make your favorite lunch.
Answer any follow-up questions your teacher may have.
Word Bank:
Tell your teacher about a delicious dish or dessert you made in the past. Use sequence
adverbs to describe how you made the dish.
Word Bank:
add bake mix chop beat pour knead
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide

• discuss order of probability using conditional tenses.
• talk about your English goals using different past
tenses.
Back to Index
6.12 - Warm-up
Practice pronouncing the –ed ending.
/t/ /id/ /d/

walked ended played
hoped waited called
What other verbs have a /t/ sound?

An /id/ sound?
A /d/ sound?
Zero Conditional If clause (condition) Main clause (result)
If + simple present, simple present
For facts or things that are true. It If it rains, the grass gets wet.
describes a situation that always
has the same result.
First Conditional If clause (condition) Main clause (result)

If + simple present, simple future
Describes a possible condition and If she misses her train, she will be late.
its probable result.
Second Conditional If clause (condition) Main clause (result)

If + simple past, would + verb
Describes a hypothetical situation and If I won the lottery, I would buy a fancy car.
its probable result.
Third Conditional If clause (condition) Main clause (result)

If + past perfect, would + past perfect
Describes an unreal past situation and If it had been sunny, we would have gone to
the beach.
its probable result in the past.
Put these conditional sentences in the correct order. Which one is the most probable?
Which is the least probable?
If it had rained last night, I would have gotten wet.

If it rains, I get wet.
If it rained, I would get wet.
If it rains, I will get wet.
Use the conditional to describe the images:

There are many tenses you can use to talk about past experiences. Remember:
Simple past tense:
verb + -ed or irregular verb
Example: I visited France last year. or I went to France last year.
Past continuous tense:

was/were + present participle
Example: We were visiting France when decided to go to stay an extra day.
Present perfect tense:

has/have + past participle
Example: I have visited France.
Past perfect tense:

had + past participle
Example: I had visited France before I went to Canada.

Tell your teacher about your English history!
When did you join Open English?
How did you learn about Open English?
Were you studying English before you joined Open English?
Had you studied at an institute before you joined Open English?
How long have you studied English?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
Wrap-up
Back to Index
7.01. Passives
7.01 - Passives
• talk about places to visit in New York City.
• discuss facts about New York City.
Back to Index
7.01 - Warm-up
Label the pictures with the correct location.
Word Bank:
Statue of Liberty Times Square Metropolitan Museum of Art
Central Park Empire State Building National September 11 Memorial & Museum
To express the relationship of the subject to the action, English uses different voices:
active voice: the subject does the action (most common)

passive voice: the subject receives the action
Voice Subject Verb Object

active Everybody drank water.
passive Water was drunk by everybody.
Notice how the object of the active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb.
The passive is formed:
Subject + was/were + past participle
Examples:
The World Trade Center was built by Daniel Libeskind and David Childs.
The Statue of Liberty was given to the United States by France.
English uses the passive voice:
Reason Example
to emphasize the receiver of the action. President Kennedy was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald.
to be vague about who is responsible. A mistake was made on the project.
Put the example sentences into the passive voice.
Example:
Brad made a mistake. = A mistake was made by someone on the team.
The tour guide recommended the best places in New York City.
John bought tickets to the Broadway show.

Talk about New York City using the passive voice. (Subject + was/were + past participle + by + target)
Daniel Libeskind and David Childs built the World Trade Center.
The World Trade Center was built by Daniel Libeskind and David Childs.
Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux designed Central Park.
Tourists visited the Bronx Zoo, the Empire State Building, and the Metropolitan Museum
of Art last year.
The City of New York owns the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Alfred Eisenstaedt, one of Life Magazine’s first staff
photographers in New York City, photographed one of the
most famous images called V-J Day in Times Square. The
magazine published the image in 1945.
Who photographed V-J Day in Times Square?
Who employed Alfred Eisenstaedt?
Where was the photo taken?
When was the image published?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.02. Relative Clauses with “That”
7.02 - Relative Clauses with

“That”
• talk about your personal opinions and beliefs using
relative clauses.
• compare and contrast different opinions.
Back to Index
7.02 - Warm-up
Do you like to debate? Why or why not?
Do you think it is healthy to disagree with family or friends at times?

To compare and contrast ideas, English can use the following phrases:
Compare Contrast
similarly on the other hand
likewise even though
also although
in the same way however
just as but
as well as actually
Example:
Many people say video games are bad for children. However, I disagree. Some video
games are bad for children. Likewise, some movies are bad for children.
What other words do you use to express your opinions?

To give more information about the person or thing being talked about, English can use
defining relative clauses.
describes noun
that promote violence
Video games are bad for children.

noun
Defining relative clauses follow the noun which they describe. The word that introduces
the clause that gives more information about people or things.
Example:
Video games that promote violence are bad for children.
I signed up for the social network that my friend recommended.
The group that I traveled to Europe with was fun.
Debate the following topic with your teacher. Choose one side of the argument and
explain your opinions.
Are social networks harmful or advantageous?

Harmful Advantageous
impersonal unites family and friends
lack of privacy source of news
waste of time meet people from different countries
Word Bank:
Compare: similarly likewise also as well as just as in the same way
Contrast: although however but actually even though on the other hand
Choose another topic to debate with your teacher:
Do professional athletes make too much money?
Are zoos unethical?
Should children be allowed to play video games?
Should smoking be banned in private homes?
Is it better to travel independently or in a group?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.03. Relative Clauses with "Who"
7.03 - Relative Clauses with

"Who"
• discuss additional facts about famous people.
• describe your family members.
Back to Index
7.03 - Warm-up
What are the following people famous for?
Beyoncé
Mark Zuckerberg
Barack Obama
Prince
Cristiano Ronaldo
Michael Phelps
To give more information about the person or thing being talked about, English can use
defining relative clauses.
describes person
who won 28 medals
Michael Phelps is the most decorated Olympian of all time.

person
Defining relative clauses follow the noun which they describe. The word who introduces
the clause that gives more information about people. The clause is separated by commas.
Example:
Michael Phelps, who won 28 medals, is the most decorated Olympian of all time.
Prince, who was the greatest artist ever, died in 2016.
My sister, who gave birth last month, is headed back to work.
Use a relative clause to give more information.
Prince was beloved by his fans.

Prince, who sang “Purple Rain”, was beloved by his fans.
President Barack Obama served from 2009-2017.
Beyoncé is one of the most famous performers of all time.
Mark Zuckerberg donates a lot of his money to charitable purposes.
Cristiano Ronaldo has four children.

Tell your teacher about your family.
Janet, who is my mother, is my kindest relative.
____________ , who _______________________________ , is my kindest relative.
____________ , who _______________________________ , is my funniest relative.
____________ , who _______________________________ , talks the most in my family.

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.04. Future Perfect Tense: What will
you have done by the end of the year?
7.04 - Future Perfect Tense:

What will you have done by the
end of the year?
• talk about what you will have accomplished by the
time you are eighty.
• make predictions about future inventions.
Back to Index
7.04 - Warm-up
What would you like to accomplish by the end of the
year?
What would you like to accomplish by the time you are eighty years old?
To talk about something that will happen before another action in the future, English
uses the future perfect tense:
Subject + will have + past participle + rest of the sentence.
Example:
Remember!
He'll have perfected his English by the time he goes to the United States. Regular past
participles are
By next March, she’ll have received her promotion. formed:
At 4 o'clock, I will have been at work for 18 hours. verb + ed
Irregulars:
To be = been
To see = seen
To eat = eaten
To go = gone
To buy = bought
Remember subject + will contractions?
I will = I’ll it will = it’ll

you will = you’ll we will = we’ll
he will = he’ll they will = they’ll
she will = she’ll
Imagine you are eighty years old. Talk about what you will have accomplished.
What countries will you have lived in?
What languages will you have learned?
How many jobs will you have had? How many children will you have raised?
Will you have been successful? Why or why not?

Make some predictions using the future perfect tense.
Ex: By the time I’m a senior citizen, mankind will have gone to Mars.
Things that will be banned Things that will be invented Other
in the next
ten years
by the time
I’m a senior
citizen
within the
next 200
years
You previously learned the past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding –ed to
the verb. Do you remember the correct pronunciation of the –ed ending?
/t/ /id/ /d/

walked ended played
hoped waited called
What other verbs have a /t/ sound?

An /id/ sound?
A /d/ sound?
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.05. Intensifier Collocations: We're
absolutely thrilled!
7.05 - Intensifier Collocations:

We're absolutely thrilled!
• describe places, people and opinions using several
consecutive adjectives.
• use intensifiers to enhance descriptions.
Back to Index
7.05 - Warm-up
List as many adjectives and adverbs you can think of.
Adjectives Adverbs
When using multiple adjectives to describe a noun, English uses a very specific adjective
order. If there are more than three adjectives describing a noun, a comma will generally
separate them.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
number, quality/opinion, size, temperature, age, shape, color, origin, material + noun
There were three, lovely, petite, young, red-headed, Irish sisters singing on stage.
Order Function of adjective Example
9 number three, ten, a few, several

8 quality/opinion delicious, charming, clean
7 size tall, super, massive, huge
6 temperature warm, cool, hot
5 age old, young, new
4 shape square, round
3 color red, orange, yellow
2 origin British, Peruvian
1 material wooden, glass, metal
Complete the sentences by putting the adjectives in order.
(number, quality/opinion, size, temperature, age, shape, color, origin, material)
We had ________________________________________ days at the beach.

beautiful, hot, five, long
She is an ________________________________________ actress.

skinny, older, elegant, Danish
I drive ________________________________________ car.

one, square, old, massive, American, metal
Intensifiers, such as very, really and extremely, are used to make adjectives stronger.
English uses many different intensifiers:
• massively
• amazingly
• exceptionally
• incredibly
• remarkably
• particularly
• unusually
Example:
It’s a very interesting story.

It’s an exceptionally interesting story.
Everyone was really excited.

Everyone was incredibly excited.
Use intensifiers to describe the following:
Describe the weather today.
Describe how you feel today.
Describe your family.
Word Bank:
amazingly exceptionally incredibly remarkably particularly
unusually very really extremely massively
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.06. How to Apologize
7.06 - How to Apologize

• use formal and informal apologies.
• decline an invitation in formal and informal situations.
Back to Index
7.06 - Warm-up
When was the last time you had to apologize to
someone?
When was the last time you declined an invitation?

There are many different ways to apologize in English.
Informal Formal
Sorry. I’d like to apologize.
How careless of me. Sorry about that! I owe you an apology, I’m terribly sorry.
I made a mistake, I’m sorry. I’m so very sorry, please forgive me.
Excuse me. I can't tell you how sorry I am, it was
Pardon me. entirely my fault.
I’m sorry, I feel bad about… Please accept my sincerest apologies.
Example:
Mr. Smith: Why are you so late, Andrew?
Andrew: Please forgive me, Mr. Smith. I was stuck in a traffic jam. I apologize.
Read the situations below. Are they formal or informal situations? How would you apologize?
1. You accidentally bump into a coworker.
2. You break your boss’ favorite coffee cup.
3. You had an appointment to meet your significant other, but you are running late.
4. You arrive late for English class.
5. You accidentally spill someone’s drink at a party.

There are many ways to decline an invitation in English depending on the situation.
Informal Formal
Sorry, but I won't be able to… I'd love to, but I'm afraid I'm busy.
I can’t make it tonight. Thank you for asking, but unfortunately I
already have other plans.
I’d like to, but… I’m very sorry, but I’m afraid I won't be
able to attend.
I wish I could, but… I appreciate the offer, but I have a prior
commitment.
Sorry, maybe next time. I'm so sorry to inconvenience you, but…
Example:
Claire: Hey Paul! I’m having a party this Friday. Can you come?
Paul: I wish I could, but I’m busy this Friday. Maybe next time!
Read the situations below. Are they formal or informal situations? How would you decline
the invitation?
1. Your friend invites you to go to the gym tonight.
2. Your neighbor invites you to a cocktail party this weekend.
3. Your coworkers are going out for lunch and want you to go along.
4. Your boss invites you to attend his daughter’s graduation party.
5. Your friend invites you to go to a concert.

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.07. How to Interrupt Politely
7.07 - How to Interrupt Politely

• discuss reasons for interrupting conversations.
• to interrupt politely.
Back to Index
7.07 - Warm-up
In your culture, is it considered polite or impolite
to interrupt conversation? Explain.
What are common reasons a conversation may be interrupted?

Sometimes there is a need to interrupt a conversation. You may need to ask a question,
add your opinion, make a correction or maybe you don't quite understand what the
speaker is saying. Whatever the reason, it is important to master the skill of interrupting
politely and respectfully.
Here are some common phrases used to politely interrupt:
• I’m sorry, may I ask a question?

• I'm sorry to interrupt, but....
• Excuse the interruption, but…
• Pardon me...
• Sorry for interrupting, but….
• Could you please repeat that?
• Can I just add something here?
Are the following expressions polite or impolite? If they are impolite, how would you
make them more polite?
Wait a minute! impolite; instead politely ask the speaker to a wait a moment. Ex: Pardon
me, but could you wait just one more moment?
I'm sorry to interrupt, but...
Are you finished yet?
If I may?
May I ask a question?
It's my turn to speak.

There are steps you can take in order to interrupt respectfully. Keep these suggestions in
mind before interrupting:
1. Have a good reason for interrupting.

2. Wait for an appropriate moment in the conversation.
3. Make eye contact.
4. Use polite language.
Can you think of any other suggestions?

How can you interrupt politely in these scenarios?
Scenario 1
Your boss has given instructions and you do not understand what they involve.
Scenario 2
Your coworker says something you disagree with.
Scenario 3
You are late to an appointment and your friend will not stop talking to you on the phone.
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.08. Conversation: Travel
7.08 - Conversation: Travel

• express your opinions and ideas using attitudinal adverbs.
• describe your last vacation.
Back to Index
7.08 - Warm-up
A distinct marker in natively spoken English are attitudinal adverbs. They express a
speaker’s attitude, opinion and ideas towards the topic they are talking about.
Try using them in your conversation today!
certainly honestly personally

obviously fortunately unfortunately
really hopefully luckily
7.08 - Let’s Talk
• Describe your last vacation. Where did you go? Did you have an interesting
experience?
• What is the most beautiful place you have ever been to?
• What is the most interesting city you have ever visited?
Word Bank:
obviously luckily unfortunately
really hopefully fortunately
7.08 - Let’s Talk
• Would you rather visit another country or travel within your own country?
• Do you prefer adventurous vacations or relaxing vacations?
• If you could travel anywhere in the world, where would you go? What would you
do? Why?
Word Bank:
obviously luckily unfortunately
really hopefully fortunately
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
7.09. Conversation: Me, Myself,
and I
7.09 - Conversation: Me, Myself,

and I
• describe your personality.
• discuss personality traits that are important to you.
Back to Index
7.09 - Warm-up
• What are some characteristics of your personality?
• If you could change one thing about your personality,

what would it be? Why?
7.09 - Let’s Talk
• Is your personality suited to your job?
• Do you think birth order makes a difference in personalities?
• What personality traits do you consider important in a good friend, a boss, and a
partner?
7.09 - Let’s Talk
• What are some things that make you happy?
• What are some things that make you angry?
• What are some things that make you embarrassed?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide

• talk about New York City using the passive voice.
• apologize politely for interrupting someone.
Back to Index
7.10 - Warm-up
How can you apologize politely in English?
What phrases can you use to interrupt someone politely?

In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence receives the action.
English uses the passive: Voice Subject Verb Object
• to emphasize the receiver of the action. active Everybody drank water.
• when who did the action is unknown or
irrelevant. passive Water was by everybody.
• to make general statements or drunk
announcements.
• in formal writing and scientific texts.
• to be vague about who is responsible.
Change the following sentences from active to passive:
The City of New York created the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Alfred Eisenstaedt photographed V-J Day in Times Square.
Many tourists visited the Bronx Zoo last year.

There are many ways you can interrupt a speaker politely and respectfully. How can you
interrupt politely in the following situations?
1. Your co-worker is involved in a conversation and you need to interrupt to ask a

question.
2. You are in a business meeting and you need to interrupt the speaker and ask for
clarification.
3. You need to end a phone conversation with your friend, but they will not stop talking.
There are many ways we can apologize politely for our actions or for interrupting
someone. How would you apologize in the following situations?
1. You had to interrupt your co-worker’s conversation and now you want to apologize.
2. You bumped into a person on the bus and need to apologize.
3. You arrived late for class and want to apologize to your teacher.
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
Wrap-up
Back to Index
8.01. Perfect Tense Review
8.01 - Perfect Tense Review

• talk about what a celebrity has been doing lately using
the present perfect continuous.
• give details about a celebrity’s career using the past
perfect.
Back to Index
8.01 - Warm-up
Can you name some celebrities from your country?
What do you know about their lives? Their careers?

Present Perfect: Present Perfect Continuous:
Subject + have/has + past participle + rest Subject + have/has been + present participle + rest
*past participle = verb + -ed *present participle = verb + -ing
The present perfect is generally used to The present perfect continuous is generally
describe experiences that happened at an used to show that something started in the
unspecified time in the past. past and continued until now. Recently or
lately can be used to emphasize this.
Ex: Selena Gomez has starred in many movies.
Ex: Selena Gomez has been experimenting with a
large number of music genres lately.
Remember irregular
past participles?
Remember subject + have contractions?
To be = been
To see = seen I have = I've it has = it’s
To eat = eaten you have = you've we have = we've
To go = gone he has = he’s they have = they've
To buy = bought she has = she’s
Who is your favorite celebrity?
How long has the person been acting/playing sports/playing music?
What has the person been doing lately?
How has the person influenced your life?

Past Perfect: Past Perfect Continuous:
Subject + had + past participle + rest Subject + had been + present participle + rest
The past perfect is generally used to talk The past perfect continuous is generally
about an action that occurred before used to show that something started in the
another action the past. past and continued up to another time in
the past.
Ex: Cristiano Ronaldo had won many awards by
the age of 23. Ex: Cristiano Ronaldo had been undergoing
treatment for a heart condition when he started
playing soccer for Manchester United.
How much do you know about your favorite celebrity? Tell your teacher as many details
as possible about their life and career.
When did the person start their career?
What had they been doing before they became a celebrity?
Where had they been living? How has the person helped others?
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.02. Indirect and Direct Requests
8.02 - Indirect and Direct

Requests
• ask for things in informal situations using direct
requests.
• politely request something in a formal situation
using an indirect request.
Back to Index
8.02 - Warm-up
What kinds of requests do you make? Describe

the situation and who you ask.
Do you ask for directions when you get lost? Explain.

In informal situations or in situations where what is being asked for is not very
demanding, you can use direct requests to ask for something. In more formal situations
or in situations where what is being asked for is demanding, you can use indirect
requests.
less formal
Can I borrow your car?
Could I borrow your car?
Is it okay if I borrow your car?
Do you mind if I borrow your car?
Would it be okay if I borrowed your car?
Would you mind if I borrowed your car?
I was wondering if you’d mind if I borrowed your car.
more formal
What requests can you make in these scenarios?
Scenario 1
You want to borrow your best friend’s expensive GPS for an upcoming road trip you will
be taking.
Scenario 2
You need to ask your boss for a day off next week even though you are in the middle of a
very important project.
Scenario 3
You need someone to take you to the airport for a very early morning flight.
What requests can you make in these scenarios?
Scenario 4
You are ordering dinner for your family from your favorite takeout restaurant.
Scenario 5
You need to send an important email and you want your colleague to check it first.
Scenario 6
You need to run an important impromptu errand and you need someone to watch your
children. Only your elderly neighbor is available.
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.03. Conversation: Job Interviews
8.03 - Conversation: Job

Interviews
• talk about your work history.
• answer work related questions.
• discuss behavioral and hypothetical questions.
Back to Index
8.03 - Warm-up
What are common interview questions?
or
Share a job interview experience.
• Interviews are opportunities for companies to get to know you. They are interested
in knowing more about:
• your past work history
• your work-related experiences
• how you would handle hypothetical work situations
• if you would be a good fit with other employees.
• In this lesson, we will practice answering interview style questions using this basic
structure:
• Answer the question directly.
• Give supporting evidence.
• Wrap it up and restate your point.
8.03 - Let’s Practice – Work History Questions
Employers will ask questions about your work history.
Let’s practice answering these types of questions:
• Why did you leave your last job?
Remember!
8.03 - Let’s Practice – Work Related Questions
During an interview, you can expect to be asked about work-related experiences.
Let’s practice answering these types of questions:
• Can you give me a specific example of your leadership skills?
• Can you explain a time you used a creative solution to a problem?
Remember!
8.03 - Let’s Practice – Behavioral/Hypothetical Questions
An employer might ask behavioral or hypothetical questions to evaluate
your knowledge, values, and skills. Let’s practice answering these types of questions.
Behavioral Hypothetical
assess your past and future performances by assess your ability to solve problems and address
sharing past experiences challenges
Ex. What were the steps you followed to Ex. What would you do if you were working
accomplish that task? on an important project and all of a sudden
the priorities were changed?
Remember!
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.04. Conversation: Small Talk
8.04 - Conversation: Small Talk

• understand how to use small talk in Anglophone
cultures.
• discuss hobbies and interests.
• share opinions.
Back to Index
8.04 - Warm-up
What are common small talk questions?
• Small talk is an important and valuable social tool in English-speaking cultures. This
lesson will give you the opportunity to practice your small talk skills.
• Small talk topics should be noncontroversial, not too personal, and open-ended. In
this lesson, we will practice asking and answering small talk topics on:
• Daily life
• Hobbies and interests
• Opinions
• Work related
• How are you doing today?
• How’s your family doing?
• What are you going to do after class today?
• Did you catch the news today?
Tips!
• Ask open-ended questions.
• Provide multifaceted responses.
• Deepen the conversation with
follow-up questions.
8.04 - Let’s Practice – Hobbies and Interests
• What do you do in your free time?
• What was the last movie you saw?
• Do you have any hobbies?
Tips!
8.04 - Let’s Practice – Opinion
• How do you think technology — such as smartphones and
social media — has changed the way we interact with
people?
• What is your opinion about…?
Tips!
8.04 - Let’s Practice – Work Related
• What do you do?
• How long have you been with the company?
• What is the most interesting part of your job?
Tips!
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.05. Conversation: Community
8.05 - Conversation: Community

• define community.
• discuss your community and neighborhood.
Back to Index
8.05 - Warm-up
• What do you like about your community?
• How did you decide on your neighborhood?
• What do you think should be changed in your community?

8.05 - Let’s Talk
• How can you help your community?
• What do the people in your community do for recreation?
• What do you think is the most important thing about community?

8.05 - Let’s Talk
• Does your community have special days to get together? Special events?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of raising children in your

community?
• Have you ever helped a neighbor? Talk about it.

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.06. Conversation: Culture
8.06 - Conversation: Culture

• define culture.
• discuss cultures around the world.
Back to Index
8.06 - Warm-up
• What are some things that define a culture?
(For example: music, language...)
• What do you think is interesting about your culture?
• What has surprised you when you've met people from other countries?
8.06 - Let’s Talk
• What do you like and dislike about your culture?
• How do young people in your culture behave differently from older people?
• What is the best/most important thing your culture/country has adopted from
another culture?
8.06 - Let’s Talk
• If a group of people just came to your country from overseas, what advice would
you give them?
• What are the five most important values of your culture? (For example: family)
• What do you think is important when visiting another culture?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.07. Conversation: Just For Fun
8.07 - Conversation: Just For Fun

• discuss how you spend your free time.
• determine if you are introverted or extroverted.
Back to Index
8.07 - Warm-up
• What do you do for fun?
• Who do you spend your free time with?
• Why do you enjoy spending time with this person?

8.07 - Let’s Talk
• When is the last time you did something new for fun?
• Which is more enjoyable? Spending quiet time alone or meeting a large group of
friends? Why?
• Do you consider yourself an introvert or extrovert?

8.07 - Let’s Talk
• What would you do for fun if a friend visited you from another country?
• Would you introduce them to your hobbies?
• How do you “unwind” after a long day at work or school?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.08. Conversation: Books &
Movies
8.08 - Conversation: Books &

Movies
• use descriptive language to discuss and describe
your favorite books and movies.
• encourage participation in the conversation by
asking follow-up questions.
Back to Index
8.08 - Warm-up
• What is your favorite book or movie?
• Why would your favorite book make a good movie?
• Was your favorite movie based on a book? Have you read it?
Keep the conversation going!

What about you?
What do you think?
Why is that?
8.08 - Let’s Talk
• Which do you prefer? Watching the movie or reading the book? Why?
• Do you picture the events in your mind when reading? Is your imagination similar to
the movie?
• How often do you read your favorite book or watch your favorite movie?

What about you?
What do you think?
Why is that?
8.08 - Let’s Talk
• Have you ever been to a movie night? What did you watch?
• Have you ever joined a book club? What did you read?
• Why should someone read your favorite book or watch your favorite movie?

What about you?
What do you think?
Why is that?
Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.09. Conversation: It’s a Date
8.09 - Conversation: It’s a Date

• discuss dating apps.
• describe dating etiquette in your country.
• make recommendations about how to date.
Back to Index
8.09 - Warm-up
• Describe your last date. Where did you go?
• Would you like to go to the movies for a date? Why or

why not?
• Describe your ideal date.

8.09 - Let’s Talk
• Have you ever used a dating app? Which one?
• Which is better? Meeting someone through friends or online?
• Is it better to meet someone for the first time in the day or at night?
8.09 - Let’s Talk
• How should you dress on a first date?
• Who should pay on the first date?
• Is it better to pick up your date, be picked up, or meet somewhere?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
8.10. Conversation: Life Goals
8.10 - Conversation: Life Goals

• describe milestones.
• discuss dream jobs.
Back to Index
8.10 - Warm-up
• Do you have any short-term goals? Are you close to
achieving them?
• Do you have any long-term goals? What must you do to

achieve them?
8.10 - Let’s Talk
• Describe the last goal you achieved. Was it a “milestone” in your life?
• Did anyone help you achieve this goal?
• Have you helped someone achieve a goal? Was it a milestone?

8.10 - Let’s Talk
• What was your “dream job” as a child?
• Was your dream job the same as your current goal?
• Should people pursue their dreams no matter what?

Whitespace
Wrap-up slide
Wrap-up
Back to Index

L5 6 7 8 Private Class Int PDF

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

L5 6 7 8 Private Class Int PDF

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Welcome!

How can I interact with the class?

Quick tip: Can't see the toolbar?

5.01 - How Often Do You Go On

95% almost always

80% sometimes, occasionally

50% not very often, seldom

20% usually, often, frequently

How often do you speak English?

I __________ speak English.

Subject + adverb of frequency + verb + rest of sentence.

Where did you usually go on vacation when you were a child?

How often did you travel out of the country?

Where did you go on vacation?

When did you go on vacation?

How did you get there?

What did you do on your vacations?

What do you need to pack when you go on

What shouldn't you do when you travel?

Modal Degree of obligation Example

should mild You should visit Miami.

You ______________ leave your trash on the street.

You ______________ be careful on public transportation when you travel.

They ______________ leave now or they will miss the flight!

You ______________ snorkel when you're on vacation. It's fantastic!

Where do you recommend taking a trip?

What shouldn't you pack when you go on vacation?

What laws must you obey when you travel?

5.03 - Present Perfect Review:

Have you been to an amusement park?

Have you visited another country?

Subject + has / have + past participle + rest of the sentence.

We have traveled to Malta many times.

I have visited many cities in my country.

Wh-? + has / have + subject + past participle + rest?

Where have you traveled?

Create a question using the above form.

What languages have you learned?

5.04 - Present Perfect vs Past

What did you do on your last vacation?

Past Simple: Present Perfect:

3) with non-specific times and experiences in the

Give your own example:

last night at time (ex. at 5:30pm) Example:

Remember irregular Remember irregular

her ticket. Charlotte is excited to travel.

What souvenirs did you buy?

Did you see any interesting sites?

Have you ever been on a road trip?

5.05 - Reported Speech

Expensive Not nice

Karla says: I enjoy Hawaii.

Direct Speech Reported Speech

Elijah: The mountains are enormous. He said…

My mother and I: We think the

Karla said that ____________________________________________________.

Where do you live?

Where is an interesting place to visit?

What fun activities does your teacher suggest?

When is the best time of year to visit?

5.06 - Past and Present Habits

Where did you use to go on vacation?

I used to visit my grandparents in the summer. Now, I travel to Europe.

I already ___ the order when I changed my mind.