Sie sind auf Seite 1von 32

English is not Phonetic

Always remember that English is not "phonetic". That means that we do not always say a word
the same way that we spell it.

Some words can have the same spelling but different pronunciation, for example:

 I like to read [ri:d].


 I have read [red] that book.

Some words have different spelling but the same pronunciation, for example:

 I have read [red] that book.


 My favourite colour is red [red].

Learn the 52 Sounds of English


The English language may have 26 letters of the alphabet, but it has double that number of
sounds: 52. Knowing and recognizing the 52 sounds will help to give you good pronunciation. Of
course, everybody knows that good pronunciation helps our speaking. But do you know that
good pronunciation also helps our listening?

Pronouncing The Alphabet


ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

The alphabet is the set of 26 letters (from A to Z) that we use to represent English in writing.

It is important to understand that the letters of the alphabet do NOT always represent the same
sounds of English.

This section is about pronunciation. And these pages are about pronunciation of the letters of
the alphabet. In our Writing section you can see more about writing the letters of the alphabet.

Alphabet Pronunciation
Below, you can listen to how we pronounce the letters of the alphabet. Remember, this is just for
how we say the "name" of each letter. When we use the letters in words, they often have a
different sound.
We say all the letters of the alphabet the same in British English and American English except
for Z. In British English we say "Zed". In American English we say "Zee".

Sounds Of The Alphabet


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ← alphabetical order

In the line above (↑) the letters are in normal "alphabetical order".

In the chart below (↓) the letters are NOT in alphabetical order. The letters are grouped by
sound. There are 7 different sounds for the whole alphabet. The letters in each column all have
the same vowel sound:

Notice that Z is known as "Zed" in British English and "Zee" in American English.
Word Stress in English
Word stress is your magic key to understanding spoken English. Native speakers of English use
word stress naturally. Word stress is so natural for them that they don't even know they use it.
Non-native speakers who speak English to native speakers without using word stress, encounter
two problems:

1. They find it difficult to understand native speakers, especially those speaking fast.
2. The native speakers may find it difficult to understand them.

Understanding Syllables
To understand word stress, it helps to understand syllables.
Every word is made from syllables.
Each word has one, two, three or more syllables.

word number of syllables

dog dog 1

green green 1

quite quite 1

quiet qui-et 2

orange or-ange 2

table ta-ble 2

expensive ex-pen-sive 3

interesting in-ter-est-ing 4

unrealistic un-rea-lis-tic 4

unexceptional un-ex-cep-tio-nal 5

Notice that (with a few rare exceptions) every syllable contains at least one vowel (a, e, i, o or u)
or vowel sound.
What is Word Stress?
In English, we do not say each syllable with the same force or strength. In one word, we
accentuate ONE syllable. We say one syllable very loudly (big, strong, important) and all the
other syllables very quietly.

Let's take 3 words: photograph, photographer and photographic. Do they sound the same
when spoken? No. Because we accentuate (stress) ONE syllable in each word. And it is not
always the same syllable. So the shape of each word is different.

total stressed
click word to hear shape
syllables syllable

PHO TO GRAPH 3 #1

PHO TO GRAPH ER 4 #2

PHO TO GRAPH IC 4 #3

This happens in ALL words with 2 or more syllables: TEACHer, JaPAN, CHINa, aBOVE,
converSAtion, INteresting, imPORtant, deMAND, etCETera, etCETera, etCETera

The syllables that are not stressed are weak or small or quiet. Native speakers of English listen
for the STRESSED syllables, not the weak syllables. If you use word stress in your speech, you
will instantly and automatically improve your pronunciation and your comprehension.

Try to hear the stress in individual words each time you listen to English - on the radio, or in
films for example. Your first step is to HEAR and recognise it. After that, you can USE it!

There are two very important rules about word stress:

1. One word, one stress. (One word cannot have two stresses. So if you hear two stresses,
you have heard two words, not one word.)
2. The stress is always on a vowel.

Why is Word Stress Important?


Word stress is not used in all languages. Some languages, Japanese or French for example,
pronounce each syllable with eq-ual em-pha-sis.

Other languages, English for example, use word stress.


Word stress is not an optional extra that you can add to the English language if you want. It is
part of the language! English speakers use word stress to communicate rapidly and accurately,
even in difficult conditions. If, for example, you do not hear a word clearly, you can still
understand the word because of the position of the stress.

Think again about the two words photograph and photographer. Now imagine that you are
speaking to somebody by telephone over a very bad line. You cannot hear clearly. In fact, you
hear only the first two syllables of one of these words, photo... Which word is it, photograph or
photographer? Of course, with word stress you will know immediately which word it is because
in reality you will hear either PHOto... or phoTO... So without hearing the whole word, you
probably know what the word is ( PHOto...graph or phoTO...grapher). It's magic! (Of course,
you also have the 'context' of your conversation to help you.)

This is a simple example of how word stress helps us understand English. There are many, many
other examples, because we use word stress all the time, without thinking about it.

Where do I Put Word Stress?


There are some rules about which syllable to stress. But...the rules are rather complicated!
Probably the best way to learn is from experience. Listen carefully to spoken English and try to
develop a feeling for the "music" of the language.

When you learn a new word, you should also learn its stress pattern. If you keep a vocabulary
book, make a note to show which syllable is stressed. If you do not know, you can look in a
dictionary. All dictionaries give the phonetic spelling of a word. This is where they show which
syllable is stressed, usually with an apostrophe (') just before or just after the stressed syllable.
(The notes at the front of the dictionary will explain the system used.) Look at (and listen to) this
example for the word plastic. There are 2 syllables. Syllable #1 is stressed.

phonetic spelling: phonetic spelling:


example
dictionary A dictionary B

PLAS TIC
/plæs'tIk/ /'plæs tIk/

Rules of Word Stress in English


There are two very simple rules about word stress:

1. One word has only one stress. (One word cannot have two stresses. If you hear two
stresses, you hear two words. Two stresses cannot be one word. It is true that there can be
a "secondary" stress in some words. But a secondary stress is much smaller than the main
[primary] stress, and is only used in long words.)

2. We can only stress vowels, not consonants.

Here are some more, rather complicated, rules that can help you understand where to put the
stress. But do not rely on them too much, because there are many exceptions. It is better to try to
"feel" the music of the language and to add the stress naturally.

1 Stress on first syllable

rule example

Most 2-syllable nouns PRESent, EXport, CHIna, TAble

Most 2-syllable adjectives PRESent, SLENder, CLEVer, HAPpy

2 Stress on last syllable

rule example

Most 2-syllable verbs to preSENT, to exPORT, to deCIDE, to beGIN

There are many two-syllable words in English whose meaning and class change with a change in
stress. The word present, for example is a two-syllable word. If we stress the first syllable, it is a
noun (gift) or an adjective (opposite of absent). But if we stress the second syllable, it becomes a
verb (to offer). More examples: the words export, import, contract and object can all be nouns
or verbs depending on whether the stress is on the first or second syllable.

3 Stress on penultimate syllable (penultimate = second from end)

rule example

Words ending in -ic GRAPHic, geoGRAPHic, geoLOGic

Words ending in -sion and -tion teleVIsion, reveLAtion

For a few words, native English speakers don't always "agree" on where to put the stress. For
example, some people say teleVIsion and others say TELevision. Another example is:
CONtroversy and conTROversy.

4 Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (ante-penultimate = third from end)


rule example

Words ending in -cy, -ty, -phy and -gy deMOcracy, dependaBIlity, phoTOgraphy, geOLogy

Words ending in -al CRItical, geoLOGical

5 Compound words (words with two parts)

rule example

For compound nouns, the stress is on the first part BLACKbird, GREENhouse

For compound adjectives, the stress is on the second part bad-TEMpered, old-FASHioned

For compound verbs, the stress is on the second part to underSTAND, to overFLOW

Now check your understanding >

Sentence Stress in English


Sentence stress is the music of spoken English. Like word stress, sentence stress can help you to
understand spoken English, especially when spoken fast.

Sentence stress is what gives English its rhythm or "beat". You remember that word stress is
accent on one syllable within a word. Sentence stress is accent on certain words within a
sentence.

Most sentences have two types of word:

 content words
 structure words

Content words are the key words of a sentence. They are the important words that carry the
meaning or sense.

Structure words are not very important words. They are small, simple words that make the
sentence correct grammatically. They give the sentence its correct form or "structure".

If you remove the structure words from a sentence, you will probably still understand the
sentence.

If you remove the content words from a sentence, you will not understand the sentence. The
sentence has no sense or meaning.
Imagine that you receive this telegram message:

Will you SELL my CAR because I've GONE to FRANCE

Click here to hear

This sentence is not complete. It is not a "grammatically correct" sentence. But you probably
understand it. These 4 words communicate very well. Somebody wants you to sell their car for
them because they have gone to France. We can add a few words:

Will you SELL my CAR because I've GONE to FRANCE

Click here to hear

The new words do not really add any more information. But they make the message more correct
grammatically. We can add even more words to make one complete, grammatically correct
sentence. But the information is basically the same:

Content Words

Will you SELL my CAR because I've GONE to FRANCE.

Structure Words

In our sentence, the 4 key words (sell, car, gone, France) are accentuated or stressed.

Why is this important for pronunciation? It is important because it adds "music" to the language.
It is the rhythm of the English language. It changes the speed at which we speak (and listen to)
the language. The time between each stressed word is the same.

In our sentence, there is 1 syllable between SELL and CAR and 3 syllables between CAR and
GONE. But the time (t) between SELL and CAR and between CAR and GONE is the same. We
maintain a constant beat on the stressed words. To do this, we say "my" more slowly, and
"because I've" more quickly. We change the speed of the small structure words so that the
rhythm of the key content words stays the same.

syllables
2 1 3 1

Will you SELL my CAR because I've GONE to FRANCE.

t1 beat t1 beat t1 beat t1 beat

I am a proFESsional phoTOgrapher whose MAIN INterest is to TAKE SPEcial, BLACK and


WHITE PHOtographs that exHIBit ABstract MEANings in their photoGRAPHic STRUCture.

Rules for Sentence Stress in English


The basic rules of sentence stress are:

1. content words are stressed


2. structure words are unstressed
3. the time between stressed words is always the same

The following tables can help you decide which words are content words and which words are
structure words:

Content words - stressed


Words carrying the meaning Example

main verbs SELL, GIVE, EMPLOY

nouns CAR, MUSIC, MARY

adjectives RED, BIG, INTERESTING

adverbs QUICKLY, LOUDLY, NEVER

negative auxiliaries DON'T, AREN'T, CAN'T


Structure words - unstressed
Words for correct grammar Example

pronouns he, we, they

prepositions on, at, into

articles a, an, the

conjunctions and, but, because

auxiliary verbs do, be, have, can, must

Exceptions

The above rules are for for what is called "neutral" or normal stress. But sometimes we can stress
a word that would normally be only a structure word, for example to correct information. Look at
the following dialogue:

"They've been to Mongolia, haven't they?"


"No, THEY haven't, but WE have.

Note also that when "be" is used as a main verb, it is usually unstressed (even though in this case
it is a content word).

Linking in English
When we say a sentence in English, we join or "link" words to each other. Because of this
linking, the words in a sentence do not always sound the same as when we say them individually.
Linking is very important in English. If you recognize and use linking, two things will happen:

1. you will understand other people more easily


2. other people will understand you more easily

There are basically two types of linking:

 consonant > vowel


We link words ending with a consonant sound to words beginning with a vowel sound
 vowel > vowel
We link words ending with a vowel sound to words beginning with a vowel sound
Understanding Vowels & Consonants for
Linking
To understand linking, it is important to know the difference between vowel sounds and
consonant sounds. Here is a table of English vowels and consonants:

vowels a e i o u
consonants b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x y z

The table shows the letters that are vowels and consonants. But the important thing in linking is
the sound, not the letter. Often the letter and the sound are the same, but not always.

For example, the word "pay" ends with:

 the consonant letter "y"


 the vowel sound "a"

Here are some more examples:

though know

ends with the letter h w

ends with the sound o o

uniform honest

begins with the letter u h

begins with the sound y o

Linking Consonant to Vowel


When a word ends in a consonant sound, we often move the consonant sound to the beginning of
the next word if it starts with a vowel sound.

For example, in the phrase "turn off":

We write it like this: turn off


We say it like this: tur noff

Remember that it's the sound that matters. In the next example, "have" ends with:

 the letter "e" (vowel)


 the sound "v" (consonant)

So we link "have" to the next word "a" which begins with a vowel sound:

We write it like this: Can I have a bit of egg?

We say it like this: Ca-nI-ha-va-bi-to-fegg?

Linking Vowel to Vowel


When one word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we link
the words with a sort of W or Y sound.

If our lips are round at the end of the first word, we insert a W sound:

oo We write it like this: too often who is so I do all


|
o We say it like this: tooWoften whoWis soWI doWall

If our lips are wide at the end of the first word, we insert a Y sound:

oo We write it like this: Kay is I am the end she asked


|
-- We say it like this: KayYis IYam theYend sheYasked
What Are Homophones?
Homophones are words that have exactly the same sound (pronunciation) but different meanings
and (usually) spelling.

For example, the following two words have the same sound, but different meanings and spelling:

hour
our

In the next example, the two words have the same sound and spelling, but different meanings:

bear (the animal)


bear (to carry)

Usually homophones are in groups of two (our, hour), but very occasionally they can be in
groups of three (to, too, two) or even four. If we take our "bear" example, we can add another
word to the group"

bare (naked)
bear (the animal)
bear (to tolerate)

"Our bear cannot bear to be bare at any hour."

The word homophone is made from two combining forms:

 homo- (from the Greek word "homos", meaning "same"


 -phone (from the Greek word "phone", meaning "voice" or "sound"

You will see many other English words using one or other of these combining forms.

Common Homophones List


The following list of 70 groups of homophones contains only the most common homophones,
using relatively well-known words. These are headwords only. No inflections (such as third
person singular "s" or noun plurals) are included. You can see more homophones in the graded
homophones lists above.

air heir

aisle isle
ante- anti-

eye I

bare bear

be bee

brake break

buy by

cell sell

cent scent

cereal serial

coarse course

complement compliment

dam damn

dear deer

die dye

fair fare

fir fur

flour flower

for four

hair hare

heal heel

hear here

him hymn

hole whole

hour our

idle idol

in inn
knight night

knot not

know no

made maid

mail male

meat meet

morning mourning

none nun

oar or

one won

pair pear

peace piece

plain plane

poor pour

pray prey

principal principle

profit prophet

real reel

right write

root route

sail sale

sea see

seam seem

sight site

sew so

shore sure
sole soul

some sum

son sun

stair stare

stationary stationery

steal steel

suite sweet

tail tale

their there

to too

toe tow

waist waste

wait weight

way weigh

weak week

wear where

In a few cases, a third homophone, although possible, has not been included for simplicity.
Different varieties and accents of English may produce variations in some of these
pronunciations. The homophones listed here are based on Standard British English.
Homophones List for Elementary level
This is a list of useful homophones for elementary level learners.

This list of homophones in alphabetical order is based on Standard British English. Some
words will not be homophones in all accents and varieties of English.

 be / bee
 bean / been
 buy / by
 eye / I
 hear / here
 hour / our
 know / no
 knows / nose
 mail / male
 meat / meet
 plain / plane
 prince / prints
 right / write
 road / rode
 sail / sale
 sea / see
 son / sun
 steal / steel
 storey / story
 tail / tale
 their / there
 to / two
 wear / where
 wood / would
Homophones List for Pre-Intermediate level
This is a list of useful homophones for pre-intermediate level learners.

This list of homophones in alphabetical order is based on Standard British English. Some
words will not be homophones in all accents and varieties of English.

 ate / eight
 blew / blue
 brake / break
 cell / sell
 cent / sent
 creak / creek
 dear / deer
 feat / feet
 find / fined
 hair / hare
 heal / he’ll
 hole / whole
 made / maid
 new / knew
 oar / or
 one / won
 passed / past
 poor / pour
 shore / sure
 so / sow
 sole / soul
 stair / stare
 their / they're
 theirs / there's
 threw / through
 throne / thrown
 way / weigh
 we’d / weed
 we’ll / wheel
 which / witch
 who's / whose
 your / you’re
Homophones List for Intermediate level
This is a list of useful homophones for intermediate level learners.

This list of homophones in alphabetical order is based on Standard British English. Some
words will not be homophones in all accents and varieties of English.

 allowed / aloud
 band / banned
 bare / bear
 billed / build
 boar / bore
 board / bored
 bold / bowled
 bread / bred
 bridal / bridle
 cent / scent
 cereal / serial
 chews / choose
 crews / cruise
 days / daze
 desert (v) / dessert
 dies / dyes
 fair / fare
 farther / father
 fir / fur
 flew / flu
 flour / flower
 gnus / news
 guessed / guest
 guise / guys
 hay / hey
 heal / heel
 heard / herd
 higher / hire
 I'll / isle
 knead / need
 knight / night
 knot / not
 mind / mined
 missed / mist
 nun / none
 ode / owed
 oh / owe
 pail / pale
 pairs / pears
 pause / paws
 peace / piece
 peer / pier
 pole / poll
 pore / pour
 pray / prey
 raise / rays
 rapper / wrapper
 root / route
 rose / rows
 saw / sore
 sew / sow
 sight / site
 soared / sword
 tease / tees
 tense / tents
 toad / towed
 toes / tows
 wait / weight
 war / wore
 wares / wears
 warn / worn
 weakly / weekly
 weather / whether
 weave / we’ve
Homophones List for Upper-Intermediate
level
This is a list of useful homophones for upper-intermediate level learners. This list of
homophones in alphabetical order is based on Standard British English. Some words will not
be homophones in all accents and varieties of English.

 altar / alter
 bail / bale
 bald / bawled
 ball / bawl
 base / bass
 bases / basis
 berries / buries
 bough / bow (v)
 brews / bruise
 ceiling / sealing
 cellar / seller
 chili / chilly
 cite / sight
 clause / claws
 climb / clime
 coarse / course
 coo / coup
 cue / queue
 faint / feint
 faze / phase
 few / phew
 file / phial
 flair / flare
 flaw / floor
 foul / fowl
 frays / phrase
 gel / jell
 genes / jeans
 gilled / guild
 gilt / guilt
 grade / greyed
 grate / great
 graze / greys
 groan / grown
 heard / herd
 heel / he’ll
 idle / idol
 lacks / lax
 lays / laze
 leased / least
 loch / lock
 locks / lox
 loot / lute
 mall / maul
 manner / manor
 mewl / mule
 mews / muse
 miner / minor
 moat / mote
 mode / mowed
 muscle / mussel
 paced / paste
 palate / palette
 peak / pique
 praise / prays
 pride / pried
 pries / prize
 principal / principle
 profit / prophet
 sac / sack
 sacks / sax
 scents / sense
 seamen / semen
 seas / seize
 side / sighed
 sighs / size
 sign / sine
 sink / sync
 slay / sleigh
 some / sum
 straight / strait
 suede / swayed
 suite / sweet
 sundae / Sunday
 tacks / tax
 Thai / tie
 thyme / time
 told / tolled
 tracked / tract
 troop / troupe
 trussed / trust
 tucks / tux
 yoke / yolk
Homophones List for Advanced level
This is a list of useful homophones for advanced level learners.

This list of homophones in alphabetical order is based on Standard British English. Some
words will not be homophones in all accents and varieties of English.

 ail / ale
 airs / heirs
 aisle / I'll
 ascent / assent
 aural / oral
 auricle / oracle
 berth / birth
 boy / buoy
 cached / cashed
 carrot / karat
 cede / seed
 censor / sensor
 chased / chaste
 choirs / quires
 chords / cords
 chute / shoot
 coax / cokes
 cocks / cox
 coffer / cougher
 colonel / kernel
 cops / copse
 core / corps
 cygnet / signet
 cymbal / symbol
 dew / due
 done / dun
 draft / draught
 earns / urns
 ewes / use
 eyelet / islet
 gnu / knew
 halls / hauls
 heed / he’d
 hertz / hurts
 him / hymn
 hoarse / horse
 holy / wholly
 instance / instants
 intense / intents
 jewels / joules
 key / quay
 knap / nap
 knead / need
 knit / nit
 knob / nob
 lichens / likens
 licker / liquor
 lieu / loo
 links / lynx
 loon / lune
 marshal / martial
 medal / meddle
 metal / mettle
 oohs / ooze
 racks / wracks
 rapt / wrapped
 recede / reseed
 receipt / reseat
 reek / wreak
 reign / rein
 rest / wrest
 review / revue
 rex / wrecks
 ring / wring
 rite / wright
 rote / wrote
 rude / rued
 rye / wry
 taught / taut
 tear / tier
 vail / veil
 vain / vein
 variance / variants
 vial / vile
 wade / weighed
 watts / what’s
 wright / write
Alphabet Homophones
Pronouncing the English alphabet - with homophones and matching sounds,
common uses, rhyming letters, rhyming words and common confusions

Many learners find it difficult to say and/or remember the English alphabet, either because the
sounds used in English don't exist in their language or because the letters are pronounced
differently in their language. This table is designed to give five different kinds of help to such
people.

The pronunciations below are for British English. Note that in American English some of the
homophones and rhyming words may be different, and Z is pronounced "zee" (not "zed").

A- Words which have that Rhyming Rhyming Common


Common uses
Z sound (in them) letters words confusions

ABC, AD, A.M., A4,


A able, ache J, K pay, hey E, R
AGM

B&B, BC, b4, B- C, D, E, G, P,


B be, bee fee, me V
movie, B2B, BA T, V

B, D, E, G, P,
C sea, see CNN, BBC, CIF, cc we, flea S, K
T, V

B, C, E, G, P,
D delighted, deep CD, ID, PhD knee, glee
T, V

B, C, D, G, P,
E feet, geek e-mail, e.g., QED he, key A
T, V

F effort, left F16, FBI, FA Cup, FOB deaf, chef V

B, C, D, E, P,
G gee G20, GMT, G-spot free, we J
T, V
H H-bomb, HTML, HQ ash, itch, hatch

I aye, eye IBM, MI6, ISBN Y buy, fly E

J jay JFK, DJ A, K say, day gee

K cable, cane, cake KGB, OK, UK A, J pray, grey C

L elegant, sell LP, BLT, L/C, LA hell, bell R

M empty, empire MP, MC, ATM, MA them, hem N

N end UN, NATO, NB, n/a ten, when M

O oh, owe OTT, OHP, O-ring no, go on

B, C, D, E, G,
P pea, pee asap, PC, PLC she, he B
T, V

Q cue, queue IQ, Q&A, QED U, W few, mew coup, K

R ah, ask, heart RSVP, RIP, RAF far, bar A

S estate, essay SOS, USA, PS dress, chess C

B, C, D, E, G,
T tea, tee TNT, TLC, PTO free, tree D
P, V

UFO, EU, U-boat,


U you, yew Q, W do, new W
UAE, U-turn

VIP, V-neck, V-sign, B, C, D, E, G,


V vegan ski, three B, fee, we
VAT P, T
W WHO, WWF, WWW Q, U flew, blue double, we

X Men, X-ray,
X ex, ex- sex, checks Z
X-chromosome

YKK, YMCA,
Y why I fly, buy E, I
Y-chromosome

Z bed, dead said

Homophones List ~ Contractions


The following is a list of very common contractions with words that have a different spelling and
meaning but exactly the same sound (homophones).

you're / your
it's / its
we're / weir
they're / their, there
aren't / aunt
we've / weave
I'd / eyed
he'd / heed
we'd / weed
I'll / isle
you'll / yule
he'll / heel, heal
we'll / wheel
here's / hears
there's / theirs
what's / watts
who's / whose

You should be particularly careful with the spelling of the words in bold. They are often
misspelled - even by native English speakers!

Contractions
Pronunciation tips (including homophones)

This table covers "be", "have" and "will" only (not verbs like "should" and "can") because these
are the verbs where homophones can help you understand and remember some of the
contractions.

Only one pronunciation is given for each contraction, but there may be other pronunciations when
unstressed or in other varieties of English.

common
homophones confusions
pronunciation
long (number of same different
verb form contraction syllables) pronunciation pronunciation rhymes with

I am I'm |ime| (1) - aim dime

you
you're |yor| (1) your/yore jaw jaw/more/four
are

he is he's |heez| (1) - his/fees/heath fees/bees

she is she's |sheez| (1) - seas/sees seas/he's

be it is it's |its| (1) its eats/ids bits/fits

we are we're |wier| (1) weir were/where pier/beer

they
they're |thear| (1) their/there dare pair/fair
are

are not aren't |arnt| (1) aunt ant/aunty shan't

is not isn't |izunt| (2) - - -


was
wasn't |wozunt| (2) - - -
not

were
weren't |wurnt| (1) - want/won't burnt/learnt
not

I have I've |ive| (1) - ivy/if dive/five

you
you've |yoov| (1) - - move/prove
have

he has he's |heez| (1) - his/fees/heath fees/bees

she
she's |sheez| (1) - seas/sees seas/he's
has

it has it's |its| (1) its eats/ids bits/fits

we
we've |weev| (1) weave with peeve/believe
have have

they
they've |theiv| (1) - dave dave/brave
have

I had I'd |ide| (1) eyed id cried/died

you
you'd |yood| (1) - jude (name) food/renewed
had

he had he'd |heed| (1) heed hid/head/feed feed/need

she
she'd |sheed| (1) - shed/seed seed/he'd
had
it had it'd |itud| (2) - - -

we had we'd |weed| (1) weed wed he'd/she'd

they
they'd |theid| (1) - - spade/paid
had

I will I'll |ail| (1) aisle/isle ill while/pile

you
you'll |yuul| (1) yule you all/jewel tool
will

he will he'll |heel| (1) heel/heal feel/hell feel/peel

she
she'll |sheel| (1) - shell he'll/feel
will

it will it'll |itul| (2) - - -

we will we'll |weel| (1) wheel/weal well he'll/she'll


will
they
they'll |theil| (1) - dale dale/male
will

will
won't |woant| (1) - want don't
not

I would I'd |ide| (1) eyed id cried/died

you
you'd |yood| (1) - jude (name) food/renewed
would

he
he'd |heed| (1) heed hid/head/feed feed/need
would
she
she'd |sheed| (1) - shed/seed seed/he'd
would

it
it'd |itud| (2) - - -
would

we
we'd |weed| (1) weed wed he'd/she'd
would

they
they'd |theid| (1) - - spade/paid
would

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen