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θ2
θ1
Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
Contours of equal vertical stress (uniformly loaded)
Under
strip area
Under
square area
ds
s
q
x
2a
δ
α
P
(x, z)
z
Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
Strip area carrying increasing vertical loading on an
infinite strip on the surface of semi-infinite mass
With δ = 0;
b q(b/a)
a
b
q q
q(b/a)
= - b
a+b
z α1 + α2 α2
α1 α2
A 1 2
(a + b) for x
(a + b)/2 for a
( α1 + α2) for α
σz =
σ z = Ie q
A
Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
Vertical stress below a rectangular loaded
area on the surface
(1)
σz = qIσ
Fadum chart
The point load assumption should not be used if the depth to the point X is
less than three times the larger dimension of the foundation
Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay
Vertical stress due to an irregular shaped area
loaded with uniform load intensity
Newmark (1942) developed influence charts to
compute the vertical stress (and also the horizontal and
shear stresses) due to a loaded area of any shape,
irregular shape, below any point either inside or outside
of the loaded area.
Let a circular area of radius r1 r1
loaded with uniform load intensity q o
b
be divided into 20 sectors.
c
(Total number of
Newmark’s circles = 10)
Let LHS of the above equation equals to q/(10 x 20) = 0.005q
Circle 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No.
r/z 0.27 0.4 0.52 0.64 0.77 0.92 1.11 1.39 1.91 ∞
After loading:
Z=3m
q = 250 kPa
B = 2m