OpenSees and NEESgrid Simulation Component

User Workshop, 2-3 Sept 2004

Structural Example –
Reinforced-Concrete Frame:
Building the Model
Silvia Mazzoni
University of California, Berkeley
Sponsored by the National Science Foundation
through the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center
and the NEESgrid System Integration Project

problem statement
• Reinforced-Concrete Portal Frame
• start with ALL elastic elements (At a more advanced level,
these elements can be replaced by more refined element
models)
• use kip, inch and sec as basic units
4000kip GEOMETRY
B
B 5’
A A A A
5’
8’
36’

Y 5’

Z X
42’ section A-A section B-B

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 2

1
 Model Builder command
• Defining the model builder expands the Tcl command
library to include OpenSees-specific commands,
such as node and element definition, etc. Currently,
there is only one model builder available, basic model
builder, this is the model builder that includes all the
commands presented in this library.
• The model builder also defines the number of
dimensions (ndm) and degrees of freedom per node
(ndf).
• For a 2-D problem, you really only need three
degrees of freedom at each node, the two
translations in the plane and the rotation about the
plane's normal:
model basic -ndm 2 -ndf 3
Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley
OpenSees User Workshop 2004 3

Nodes
• nodal coordinates:
node 1 0 0 node 3 element 3 node 4
node 2 504 0
2
1

element
element

node 3 0 432
node 4 504 432 Y
• bondary conditions:
fix 1 1 1 1
node 1 X node 2
fix 2 1 1 1
fix 3 0 0 0
fix 4 0 0 0
4000. kip
• nodal masses:
mass 3 5.18 0. 0. 2
mass 5.18
mass 4 5.18 0. 0. ft . 12. inch
32.2.
sec 1. ft
Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley
OpenSees User Workshop 2004 4

2
 Elements -- properties
columns beam

area 3600 5760

inch . ( 5. ft ) . 12. inch inch . ( 8. ft ) . 12. inch
( 5. ft ) . 12. ( 5. ft ) . 12.
ft ft ft ft

moment of 1080000 4423680

inertia Iz 1.
( 5. ft ) . 12.
inch . ( 5. ft ) . 12. inch
3
1.
( 5. ft ) . 12.
inch . ( 8. ft ) . 12. inch
3

12 ft ft 12 ft ft

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 5

Elements – orientation and

connectivity
• transformation:
– local element coordinates Î global model coordinates. In a
2D problem, element orientation does not need to be
considered, and same for all elements
geomTransf Linear 1
• connectivity:
– arguments: $eleTag $iNode $jNode $A $E $Iz $transfTag
element elasticBeamColumn 1 1 3 3600 4227 1080000 1
element elasticBeamColumn 2 2 4 3600 4227 1080000 1
element elasticBeamColumn 3 3 4 5760 4227 4423680 1

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 6

3
 Gravity Loads – member-end forces

• Gravity loads are independent of the type of

lateral loading and here they are considered
part of the structural model.
• Equivalend member-end forces for distributed
loads along an elastic element: Force Force

4000. kip
Force 2000. kip Moment Moment
2
4000. kip kip Y
DistributedLoad 7.94.
inch inch X
( 42. ft ) . 12.
ft
2
kip . inch
2 7.94. 42. ft. 12.
DistributedLoad. BeamLength inch ft
Moment 168074. kip. in
12 12
Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley
OpenSees User Workshop 2004 7

Gravity Loads – definition

• Define load pattern:
pattern Plain 1 Linear {
load 3 0.0 -2000 -168074
load 4 0.0 -2000 168074
}

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 8

4
 Recorders
• horizontal and vertical displacements at node 3 into a file
named Node3.out:
recorder Node file Node3.out -time -node 3 -dof 1 2 disp

• local element forces for element 1 into file Element1.out:

recorder Element -file Element1.out -time -ele 1 force

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 9

Summary: example.tcl
model basic -ndm 2 -ndf 3 # transformation:
# nodal coordinates: geomTransf Linear 1
# connectivity:
node 1 0 0
element elasticBeamColumn 1 1 3 3600 4227 1080000 1
node 2 504 0 element elasticBeamColumn 2 2 4 3600 4227 1080000 1
node 3 0 432 element elasticBeamColumn 3 3 4 5760 4227 4423680 1
node 4 504 432 # Define gravity load pattern:
# bondary conditions: pattern Plain 1 Linear {
load 3 0.0 -2000 -168074
fix 1 1 1 1
load 4 0.0 -2000 168074
fix 2 1 1 1 }
fix 3 0 0 0 # recorders
fix 4 0 0 0 recorder Node file Node3.out -time -node 3 -dof 1 2 disp
# nodal masses: recorder Element -file Element1.out -time -ele 1 force
mass 3 5.18 0. 0.
mass 4 5.18 0. 0.

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 10

5
 execute: line commands

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 11

execute: source input file

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 12

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 demo

Silvia Mazzoni, UC Berkeley

OpenSees User Workshop 2004 13