Car21 DR PDF

CAR 21
CONTENTS (General Layout)
CAR – 21
CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR AIRCRAFT AND RELATED

PRODUCTS AND PARTS
SECTION 1 - REQUIREMENTS
SUBPART A - GENERAL
SUBPART B - TYPE CERTIFICATES
SUBPART D - CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATE
SUBPART E - (Reserved)
SUBPART G - PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL FOR

PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES
SUBPART H - CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS
SUBPART JA - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL – PRODUCTS

OR CHANGES TO PRODUCTS
SUBPART JB - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL – PARTS AND

APPLIANCES
SUBPART K - PARTS AND APPLIANCES
SUBPART L - EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS
SUBPART M - REPAIRS
SUBPART N - (Reserved)
SUBPART O - INDIAN TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER

AUTHORISATIONS
SUBPART Q - IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND

APPLIANCES
SECTION-2: ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE (ACI)

CONTENTS (Details)
CAR –21
CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR AIRCRAFT AND RELATED

PRODUCTS AND PARTS
Paragraph Page
SECTION 1 – REQUIREMENTS
General and Presentation
SUBPART A - GENERAL
CAR 21.1 Applicability

CAR 21.2 Definitions and associated procedures
CAR 21.3 Failures, malfunctions and defects
CAR 21.4 Co-operation between design and production
SUBPART B - TYPE CERTIFICATES

CAR 21.13 Eligibility
CAR 21.15 Application for a Type Certificate
CAR 21.16 Special Conditions
CAR 21.17 Designation of applicable requirements
CAR 21.19 Changes requiring a new Type Certificate
CAR 21.20 Compliance with applicable requirements
CAR 21.21 Issue of a Type Certificate: aircraft: aircraft engine and propellers
CAR 21.31 Type Design
CAR 21.33 Inspection and tests
CAR 21.35 Flight Tests
CAR 21.41 Type Certificate
CAR 21.44 Responsibilities
CAR 21.45 (Reserved)
CAR 21.47 Transferability
CAR 21.49 Availability
CAR 21.51 Duration
CAR 21.55 Record-keeping
CAR 21.57 Manuals
CAR 21.61 Instructions for continued airworthiness
SUBPART D - CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATE

CAR 21.91 Classification of Changes in Type Design
CAR 21.93 Application
CAR 21.95 Minor Changes
CAR 21.97 Major Changes
CAR 21.103 Issue of approval
CAR 21.105 Record-keeping
SUBPART E-SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATES
(Reserved)
SUBPART G-PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL FOR

PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES
CAR 21.135 Issue of Production Organisation Approval
CAR 21.139 Quality System
CAR 21.143 Exposition
CAR 21.145 Approval requirements
CAR 21.147 Changes to the Approved Production Organisations
CAR 21.148 Changes in location
CAR 21.151 Terms of approval
CAR 21.153 Changes to the terms of approval
CAR 21.157 Investigations
CAR 21.159 Duration
CAR 21.163 Privileges
CAR 21.165 Responsibilities of Holder
SUBPART H – CERTIFICATES OF AIRWORTHINESS

CAR 21.175 Language
CAR 21.176 Classification
CAR 21.177 Amendment or modification
CAR 21.181 Duration
CAR 21.182 Aircraft identification
CAR 21.182 Issue of Standard Certificate of Airworthiness
SUBPART JA - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL – PRODUCTS OR
CHANGES TO PRODUCTS
CAR 21.A231 Applicability
CAR 21.A233 Eligibility
CAR 21.A234 Application
CAR 21.A235 Requirements for issue
CAR 21.A239 Design Assurance System
CAR 21.A243 Data Requirements
CAR 21.A245 Requirements for Approval
CAR 21.A247 Changes in Design Assurance System
CAR 21.A249 Transferability
CAR 21.A251 Terms of Approval
CAR 21.A253 Change to the Terms of Approval
CAR 21.A257 Investigations
CAR 21.A259 Duration
CAR 21.A263 Privileges
CAR 21.A265 Responsibility of Holder of Design Organisation Approval
SUBPART JB - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL –

PARTS AND APPLIANCES
CAR 21.B231 Applicability
CAR 21.B233 Eligibility
CAR 21.B234 Application
CAR 21.B235 Requirements for issue
CAR 21.B239 Design Assurance System
CAR 21.B243 Data Requirements
CAR 21.B245 Requirements for Approval
CAR 21.B247 Changes in design Assurance System
CAR 21.B249 Transferability
CAR 21.B251 Terms of Approval
CAR 21.B253 Changes to the Terms of Approval
CAR 21.B257 Investigations
CAR 21.B259 Duration
CAR 21.B265 Responsibility of Holder of Design Organisation Approval
SUBPART K - PARTS AND APPLIANCES

CAR 21.303 Compliance with Requirements
CAR 21.305 Approval of Parts and Appliances
CAR 21.307 Release of Parts and Appliance for Installation
SUBPART L - EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS

CAR 21.325 Export Airworthiness Approvals
CAR 21.327 Application for an Export Certificate of Airworthiness
CAR 21.329 Issue of Export Certificate of Airworthiness
CAR 21.331 Use of Authorised Release Documents for Export
CAR 21.335 Duties and Responsibilities of Holders of Export
Airworthiness Approval
SUBPART M - REPAIRS
CAR 21.431 Approval of Design of Repairs
SUBPART N - IMPORTED PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES, AND

CHANGES DESIGNED OUTSIDE INDIA
Reserved
SUBPART Q - IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES

CAR 21.801 General
CAR 21.803 Identification Data
CAR 21.805 Identification of Critical Parts
CAR 21.807 ITSO Articles, Replacement and Modification Parts
APPENDICES
Appendix A 1-App A-1
Appendix B 1-App B-1
Appendix C 1-App C-1
SECTION 2 ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE AND

INTERPRETATIONS
SUBPART A -GENERAL
(a) (1) This CAR-21 prescribes:
(i) Procedural requirements for the issue of Type Certificates and

changes to those certificates; the issue of standard Certificates of
Airworthiness, and the issue of export airworthiness approvals.
(ii) Procedural requirements for the approval of certain parts and

appliances.
(iii) Procedural requirements for the approval of organisations for the

purposes of sub-paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this paragraph.
(iv) Rules governing the holders of any certificate or approval specified

in sub-paragraphs (a)(1)(i) to (iii) of this paragraph.
(2) Except as otherwise specified, where this CAR-21 refers to a certificate or

approval, it means certificates/approvals for which application has been
made after CAR-21 has become effective. However:
(i) Subparts G and H may also be used for production of products,

parts or appliances, the design of which has been approved other than
according to CAR-21.
(ii) Subpart JA and JB may also be used for design of products, parts
or appliances, or changes thereof, approved other than according to CAR-
21.
In such a case, the Type Certificate means the type certificate or equivalent that has been
issued by the DGCA and the Certificate of Airworthiness is a Certificate of
Airworthiness issued also by the DGCA.
(b) This CAR-21 becomes effective on 1 January 2004. Where a specific

applicability date is fixed for a Subpart, the DGCA may agree to use it, on
request of an applicant, before this applicability date.
(c) The actions and obligations required to be undertaken by the holder of, or
applicant for, a certificate or approval for a product, part or appliance under
CAR-21 may be undertaken on his behalf by another person, provided the
holder of, or applicant for, that certificate or approval can show that he has
made arrangements between himself and the other person such as to ensure that
the holders responsibilities are and will be properly discharged.
(d) An applicant for a certification or approval must be a person as defined in CAR
21.2(h). When any of the facilities of the person or any of his partners or
subcontractors are located outside India DGCA does not issue a certificate or
approval unless-
(1) The Applicant has submitted information regarding the procedures for
coordination with those facilities, including the relationship between the
applicant and the foreign facility; and
(2) These procedures and relationships are acceptable to the DGCA to enable
it to make all the inspections and tests necessary to find compliance with
the applicable CAR-21 requirements.
CAR 21.2 Definitions and associated procedures
(a) For the purposes of this CAR-21, “Product” means an aircraft of a Maximum
Take-Off Weight of not less than 2730 kg, aircraft engine, or propeller.
(b) “Parts and appliances” means any instrument, mechanism, equipment, part,
apparatus, appurtenance, or accessory, including communications equipment,
that is used in operating or controlling an aircraft in flight and is installed in or
attached to the aircraft. It includes parts of an airframe, engine or propeller.
Note: (1) In CAR-21, the term “appliance” is not used alone; the term ”part” when
used alone carries its normal dictionary meaning.
(2) In Subpart O, parts and appliances subject to an ITSO Authorisation are
referred to as “articles”
(c) “Import” and “Export” mean the transfer of products, parts and appliances
between India and a foreign country.
(d) “Comply” and “compliance” are used in connection with meeting a rule,
regulation or requirement.
(e) Conform” and “conformity” are used in connection with showing or finding a
product, part or appliance is in accordance with an approved design.
(f) “Demonstrate”, unless otherwise stated, means demonstrate to the DGCA.
(g) Mandatory Clauses -
use “shall”, and are referred to as a “regulation”, where they are an

imperative(i.e. non-compliance could involve penalties).
use “must”, and are referred to as a “requirement”, where they are a condition
precedent i.e. non-compliance leads to failure to obtain a certificate or
approval.)
(h) “Person” is a legal entity which is subject to the jurisdiction of India**, it can
include an Organisation or Company.
CAR 21.3 Failures, malfunctions and defects
(a) System for Collection, Investigation and Analysis of Data. (See ACI 21.3(a))
The holder of a Type Certificate or Supplemental Type Certificate, shall have a

system for collecting, investigating and analyzing information related to
Occurrences that may involve failures, malfunctions or defects in any product,
part or appliance covered by the Type Certificate or Supplemental Type
Certificate. The holder of a Type Certificate for a product shall provide
information about the system developed in accordance with this sub-paragraph
(a) of this paragraph to each known operator of each product.
(b) Reporting to the DGCA.
(1) The holder of a Type Certificate, Supplemental Type Certificate, or Indian

Technical Standards Order (ITSO) Authorisation shall report to the DGCA
any failure malfunction or defect in a product, part, or appliance covered
by the Type Certificate or Authorisation of which he is aware and which
has resulted in or may result in an unsafe condition.
(2) Reports must be made in a form and manner acceptable to the DGCA, as
soon as practicable and in any case not later than three days after the
identification of the failure, malfunction or defect by the holder of the
Certificate, Approval or Authorisation (See ACI 21.3 (b) (2)).
(c) Investigation of Reportable Occurrences.
Whenever the analysis made under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph shows
that the reported Occurrence involves a failure, malfunction or defect arising
from a deficiency in the Type Design, or a manufacturing deficiency, the Type
Certificate holder, or the holder of a ITSO, as appropriate, shall investigate the
reason for the deficiency and report to the DGCA the results of his investigation
any action he is taking or proposes to take to correct that deficiency. If the
DGCA finds action is required to correct the deficiency in existing products,
parts or appliances, the Type Certificate holder or the holder of ITSO
Authorisation, as appropriate, shall submit the necessary data relating to the
corrective action to the DGCA.
(d) Required Action - Design Change or Inspection.

When the DGCA considers that issuance of an Airworthiness Directive is
necessary to correct the unsafe condition, or to require the performance of an
inspection the holder of the Certificate, Approval or Authorisation shall –
(1) Propose the appropriate design changes and/or required inspections and
submit details of these proposals to the DGCA for approval.
(2) Following the DGCA’s approval of the proposed design changes or

inspections, make available to all known Operators appropriate descriptive
data and accomplishment instructions.
CAR 21.4 Co-operation between design and production
(See ACJ 21.4)
Each holder of a Type Certificate or ITSO Authorisation, approval of a change to the

Type Design or approval of a repair design, shall collaborate with the production
organisation as necessary to ensure:
(a) The satisfactory co-ordination of design and production required by 21.133, and
(b) The proper support of the continued airworthiness of the product, part or
appliances.
SUBPART B – TYPE CERTIFICATES
This Subpart prescribes –
(a) Procedural requirements for the issue of Type Certificates for aircraft, aircraft
engines, and propellers; and
(b) Rules governing the holders of those certificates.
The Authority will only accept an application for a Type Certificate submitted by a
person holding an appropriate Design Organisation Approval under subpart JA or having
had his application for Design Organisation Approval accepted under CAR 21.A233
CAR 21.15 Application for a Type Certificate
(a) An application for a Type Certificate must be made in a form and manner
acceptable to the DGCA.
(b) An application for an aircraft Type Certificate must be accompanied by a three-

view drawing of that aircraft and preliminary basic data, including the proposed
operating characteristics and limitations.
(c) An application for an aircraft engine, or propeller Type Certificate must be

accompanied by a general arrangement drawing, a description of the design
features, the operating characteristics, and the proposed operating limitations, of
the engine, or propeller.
(d) Sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this paragraph are not applicable to products
which were certified before CAR 21 became effective.
CAR 21.16 Special Conditions
(a) The DGCA prescribes Special Conditions for a product, if the airworthiness
requirements of the relevant CAR do not contain adequate or appropriate safety
standards for the products because -
(1) The product has novel or unusual design features relative to the design
practices on which the applicable CAR is based; or
(2) The intended use of the products is unconventional; or

(3) Experience from other similar products in service or products having
similar design features, has shown that unsafe conditions may develop.
(b) The Special Conditions contain such safety standards as the DGCA finds
necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established in the
applicable CAR.
(a) The applicable requirements for the issue of a Type Certificate for an aircraft,
aircraft engine, or propeller are -
(1) The applicable Civil Aviation Requirement that is effective on the date of
application for that certificate unless -
(i) Other wise specified by the DGCA; or
(ii) Compliance with later effective amendments is elected or required

under this paragraph.
(2) Any Special Conditions prescribed in accordance with CAR 21.16 (a).
(b) An application for type certification of a Large Aircraft, is effective for five years
and an application for any other Type Certificate is effective for three years,
unless an applicant shows at the time of application that his product requires a
longer period of time for design, development, and testing, and the DGCA
approves a longer period.
(c) In the case where a Type Certificate has not been issued, or it is clear that a Type
Certificate will not be issued, within the time limit established under sub-
paragraph (b) of this paragraph; the applicant may -
(1) File a new application for a type certificate and comply with all the
provisions of sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph applicable to an original
application; or
(2) File for an extension of the original application and comply with the
applicable CAR that were effective on a date, to be selected by the
applicant, not earlier than the date which precedes the date of issue of the
Type Certificate by the time limit established under sub-paragraph (b) of
this paragraph for the original application.
(d) If an applicant elects to comply with an amendment to the CAR that is effective
after the filing of the application for a Type Certificate, he must also comply with
any other amendment that the DGCA finds is directly related.
CAR 21.19 Changes requiring a new Type Certificate
(See ACI 21.101)
Any person who proposes to change a product must apply for a new Type Certificate if
the DGCA finds that the change in design, power, thrust, or weight is so extensive that a
substantially complete investigation of compliance with the applicable requirements is
required.
CAR 21.20 Compliance with applicable requirements
(a) The applicant for a Type Certificate must show compliance with applicable
requirements and must provide to the DGCA the means by which such
compliance has been shown.
(b) The applicant must declare that he has shown compliance with all applicable
requirements.
(c) Where the applicant holds an appropriate Design Organisation Approval, the
declaration of sub-paragraph (b) of this paragraph must be made according to the
provisions of Subpart JA.
CAR 21.21 Issue of a Type Certificate: aircraft; aircraft engines and propellers
(See ACI 21.21)
Without prejudice to other provisions of national laws applicable in the absence of a

comprehensive set of CAR rules, the DGCA issues a Type Certificate for an aircraft or an
aircraft engine, or propeller, if –
(a) The applicant has obtained an appropriate Design Organisation Approval.
(b) The applicant has submitted the declaration referred to in CAR 21.20(b); and
(c) It is shown in a manner acceptable to the DGCA that –
(1) The product to be certificated meets the applicable requirements

designated in accordance with CAR 21.17;
(2) Any airworthiness provisions not complied with are compensated for
by factors that provide an equivalent level of safety;
(3) No feature or characteristic makes it unsafe for the uses for which
certification is requested; and
(4) The Type Certificate holder is prepared to comply with CAR 21.44
CAR 21.31 Type Design
(a) Type Design consists of
(1) The drawings and specifications, and a listing of those drawings and
specifications, necessary to define the configuration and the design
features of the product shown to comply with Applicable Requirements;
(2) Information on materials and processes and on methods of manufacture
and assembly of the product necessary to ensure the conformity of the
product;
(3) The Airworthiness Limitations section of the Instructions for Continued

Airworthiness as required by the applicable requirements; and
(4) Any other data necessary to allow by comparison, the determination of the
airworthiness of later products of the same type.
(b) Each Type Design shall be adequately identified.
CAR 21.33 Inspection and Tests
(a) The applicant must allow the DGCA to make any inspection and any flight and
ground test necessary to check the validity of the Declaration of Compliance
submitted by the applicant under CAR 21.20 (b) and to determine that no feature
or characteristic makes the product unsafe for the uses for which certification is
requested.
(b) Furthermore, unless otherwise authorised by the DGCA
(1) No aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or part thereof may be presented to

the DGCA for test unless compliance with sub-paragraph (c) (2) of this
paragraph has been shown for that aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or
part thereof; and
(2) No change may be made to an aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or part

thereof between the time that compliance with sub-paragraph (c) (2) of
this paragraph is shown for that aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or part
thereof and the time that it is presented to the DGCA for test.
(c) Before tests under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph are undertaken, each
applicant must have made all inspections and ground and flight tests necessary to
determine -
(1) That the design complies with the airworthiness requirements relevant to
the tests performed.
(2) For the test specimen –
(i) That materials and processes adequately conform to the

specifications in the Type Design;
(ii) That parts of the products adequately conform to the drawings in
the Type Design; and
(iii) That the manufacturing processes, construction and assembly
adequately conform to those specified in the Type Design.
(d) The applicant must submit a statement of conformity to the DGCA for each
aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller or part thereof presented to the DGCA for tests
confirming that the aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller or part conforms to the
applicable design data. This statement of conformity must include a specific
statement that the applicant has complied with sub-paragraph (b) and (c) of this
paragraph.
CAR 21.35 Flight Tests
(a) Flight testing for the purpose of obtaining a Type Certificate shall be conducted in
accordance with conditions for such flight testing specified by the DGCA.
(b) The applicant must make all flight tests that the DGCA finds necessary -
(1) To determine compliance with the applicable certification requirements,

and
(2) For aircraft to be certificated under this CAR-21, to determine whether
there is reasonable assurance that the aircraft, its parts and appliances are
reliable and function properly. (See ACI 21.35 (b) (2))
(c) (Reserved.)
(d) (Reserved.)
(e) (Reserved.)
(f) The flight tests prescribed in sub-paragraph (b) (2) of this paragraph must include
-
(1) For aircraft incorporating turbine engines of a type not previously used in
a type certificated aircraft, at least 300 hours of operation with a full
complement of engines that conform to a type certificate (See ACI 21.35
(f) (1)); and
(2) For all other aircraft, at least 150 hours of operations. (See ACI 21.35
(f)(2)).
CAR 21.41 Type Certificate

(See ACI 21.41)
The Type Certificate is considered to include the type design, the operating limitations,
the type certificate data sheet the applicable requirements with which the DGCA records
compliance, and any other conditions or limitations prescribed for the product in the
applicable requirement.
CAR 21.44 Responsibilities
Each holder of a Type Certificate shall undertake the responsibilities in 21.3, 21.4, 21.49
and 21.55 to 21.61 and, for this purpose he shall continue to meet the qualification
requirements for eligibility under 21.13.
CAR 21.45 [Reserved]

Transfer of a Type Certificate may only be made to a Person that is able to undertake the
responsibilities in CAR 21.44, and, for this purpose, has demonstrated his ability to
qualify under the criteria of CAR 21.21(a).
The holder of a Type Certificate shall make the certificate available, on requested, to the
DGCA.
CAR 21.51 Duration
A type Certificate is effective until surrendered, suspended, revoked, or a termination

date is otherwise established by the DGCA.
CAR 21.55 Record Keeping
All relevant design information, drawings and test reports, including inspection records
for the product tested, shall be held by the Type Certificate holder at the disposal of the
DGCA and shall be retained in order to provide the information necessary to ensure the
continued airworthiness of the product.
CAR 21.57 Manuals
The Type Certificate holder for an aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller shall produce,
maintain and update master copies of all manuals required by the applicable type
certification requirements for the product, and provide copies, on request, to the DGCA.
CAR 21.61 Instructions for continued airworthiness
(a) The holder of the Type Certificate for a product, shall furnish at least one set of
complete Instructions for Continued Airworthiness comprising descriptive data
and accomplishment instructions prepared in accordance with the applicable
requirements, to each known owner of one or more aircraft or aircraft
incorporating the product, upon its delivery or upon issue of the first Certificate of
Airworthiness for the affected aircraft, whichever occurs later and thereafter make
those Instructions available on request to any other person required by another
CAR to comply with any of the terms of those Instructions.
(b) In addition, changes to the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness shall be

made available to all known operators of the product and shall be made available
on request to any person required by another CAR to comply with any of those
Instructions.
SUBPART D – CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATES
This Subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the approval of changes to Type
Designs and Type Certificates.
CAR 21.91 Classification of changes in Type Design
Changes in Type Design are classified as minor and major. A “minor change” is one that
has no appreciable effect on the weight, balance, structural strength, reliability,
operational characteristics, or other characteristics affecting the airworthiness of the
product. All other changes are “major changes”. All changes (major and minor) must be
approved in accordance with CAR 21.95 or 21.97 as appropriate, and must be adequately
identified.
(a) The DGCA will only accept an application for approval of a major change to a
Type Design under Subpart D from the Type Certificate holder.
(b) Any person may apply for approval of a minor change to a Type Design.
An application for approval of a change to a Type Design must be made in a form and
manner acceptable to the DGCA and must include –
(a) A description of the change identifying -
(1) All parts of the Type Design and the approved Manuals affected by the
change, and;
(2) The requirements with which the change has been designed to comply in
accordance with CAR 21.101.
(b) Identification of any re-investigations necessary to show compliance of the

changed product with the applicable requirements (See ACI 21.93 (b)).
CAR 21.95 Minor changes
Minor changes in a Type Design may be classified and approved either
(a) By the DGCA; or

(b) By the Type Certificate holder in accordance with procedures approved by the
DGCA.
CAR 21.97 Major changes
(a) An applicant for approval of a major change must
(1) Submit to the DGCA substantiating data together with any

necessary descriptive data for inclusion in the Type Design;
(2) Show that the changed product complies with applicable

requirements, as specified in CAR 21.101;
(3) Declare that he has shown compliance with applicable

requirements and must provide to the DGCA the basis on which
such a declaration is made; and
(4) Comply with CAR 21.33 and, where applicable, CAR 21.35.

(See ACI 21.101)
(a) An applicant for a change to a Type Certificate must show that the changed
product complies with the CARs that are applicable to the changed product and
that are in effect at the date of the application for the change. Exceptions are
detailed in sub-paragraphs (b) and (c).
(b) If (b) (1), (2), or (3) of this sub-paragraph apply, an applicant may show that the
changed product complies with an earlier amendment of the requirements defined
in sub-paragraph (a), and of any other requirement the DGCA finds is directly
related. However, the earlier amended requirement may not precede the
corresponding requirement incorporated by reference in the Type Certificate. The
applicant may show compliance with an earlier amendment of a requirement for any of
the following:
(1) A change that the DGCA finds not to be significant. In determining

whether a specific change is significant, the DGCA considers the change
in context with all previous relevant design changes and all related
revisions to the applicable requirements incorporated in the Type
Certificate for the product. Changes that meet one of the following
criteria are automatically considered significant:
(i) The general configuration or the principles of construction are not

retained.
(ii) The assumptions used for certification of the product to be changed
do not remain valid.
(2) Each area, system, part or appliance that the DGCA finds is not affected
by the change.
(3) Each area, system, part or appliance that is affected by the change, for
which the DGCA finds that compliance with a requirement described in
sub-paragraph (a) would not contribute materially to the level of safety of
the changed product or would be impractical.
(c) An applicant for a change to an aircraft (other than a rotorcraft) of 2 722 kg (6

000 lbs.) or less maximum weight or to a non-turbine rotorcraft of 1 361 kg (3
000 lbs.) or less maximum weight may show that the changed product complies
with the requirements incorporated by reference in the Type Certificate.
However, if the DGCA finds that the change is significant in an area, the DGCA
may designate compliance with an amendment to the requirements incorporated
by reference in the Type Certificate, in effect at the date of the application, and
any requirement that the DGCA finds is directly related, unless the DGCA also
finds that compliance with that amendment or requirement would not contribute
materially to the level of safety of the changed product or would be impractical.
(d) If the DGCA finds that the requirements in effect at the date of the application for
the change do not provide adequate standards with respect to the proposed
change, the applicant must also comply with any special conditions, and
amendments to those special conditions, prescribed under the provisions of CAR
21.16 to provide a level of safety equivalent to that established in the
requirements in effect at the date of the application for the change.
(e) An application for a change to a Type Certificate for an aircraft in accordance

with FAR/JAR-25 or FAR/JAR-29 or any equivalent technical standards
recognized by the DGCA, is effective for five years, and an application for a
change to any other Type Certificate is effective for three years. In a case where
the change has not been approved, or it is clear that it will not be approved under
the time limit established under this sub-paragraph, the applicant may:
(1) File a new application for a change to the Type Certificate and comply
with all the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph applicable to
an original application for a change; or
(2) File for an extension of the original application and comply with the
provisions of sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph for an effective date of
application, to be selected by the applicant, not earlier than the date which
precedes the date of approval of the change by the time period established
under this sub-paragraph (e) for the original application for the change.
CAR 21.103 Issue of approval
(a) The DGCA approves a major change to a Type Design if -
(1) The applicant has submitted the declaration referred to in CAR-21.97

(a)(3); and
(2) It is shown in a manner acceptable to the DGCA that –
(i) The changed product meets the applicable requirements, as

specified in CAR 21.101;
(ii) Any airworthiness provisions not complied with are compensated
for by factors that provide an equivalent level of safety; and
(iii) No feature or characteristic makes the product unsafe for the uses
for which certification is requested.
(b) A minor change to a Type Design shall only be approved in accordance with CAR
21.95 if it is shown that the changed product meets the applicable requirements,
as specified in CAR 21.101.
CAR 21.105 Record Keeping
For each change, all relevant design information, drawings and test reports, including
inspection records for the changed product tested, shall be held by the applicant at the
disposal of the DGCA and shall be retained in order to provide the information necessary
to ensure the continued airworthiness of the changed product.
SUBPART E – SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATE
(Reserved)
SUBPART G – PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL FOR PRODUCTS,
PARTS AND APPLIANCES

(See ACI 21.131)
This Subpart prescribes: -
(a) Rules for the approval of a production organisation and rules governing the
holders of such approvals.
(b) Rules for showing conformity of products, parts and appliances with the
applicable design data through the use of an Approved Production Organisation.
The DGCA will only accept an application for a production organisation approval if:-
(a) The DGCA agrees that, for a defined scope of work, such an approval is
appropriate for the purpose of showing conformity with a specific design; (see
ACI 21.133(a)) and
(b) The applicant holds or has applied for an approval of such a design, or the
applicant has a suitable arrangement with the applicant for or holder of an
approval of such a design which ensures satisfactory co-ordination between
production and design. (see ACI 21.133(b).)

(See ACI 21.134)
Each applicant for a Production Organisation Approval must be made in a form and
manner acceptable to the DGCA, and must include an outline of the information required
by CAR 21.143 and the Terms of Approval requested to be issued under CAR 21.151.
CAR 21.135 Issue of Production Organisation Approval
The DGCA issues a Production Organisation Approval when it is satisfied that

compliance has been shown with the applicable requirements of this Subpart G.
CAR 21.139 Quality System
(a) The production organisation must show that it has established and can maintain a
quality system. The quality system must be documented. This quality system
shall be such as to enable the organisation to ensure that each product, part or
appliance produced by the organisation or by its partners, or supplied from or
subcontracted to outside parties, conforms to the applicable design data and is in
condition for safe operation, (see ACI No. 1 to 21.139 (a)and ACI No. 2 to 21.139
(a).)
(b) The quality system must include-
(1) As applicable within the scope of approval, control procedures for those
elements shown in Appendix B; (see ACI 21.139 (b)(1)) and
(2) An independent quality assurance function to monitor compliance with,

and adequacy of, the documented procedures of the quality system. This
monitoring must include a feedback system to the person or group of
persons specified in CAR 21.145 (c)(2) and ultimately to the manager
specified in CAR 21.145 (c)(1) to ensure, as necessary, corrective action.
(see ACI No.1 to 21.139 (b)(2) and ACI No. 2 to 21.139 (b)(2).)
CAR 21.143 Exposition

(See ACI 21.143)
(a) The organisation must furnish to the DGCA a production organisation Exposition
providing the information listed in Appendix A.
(b) The Production Organisation Exposition must be amended as necessary to remain

an up-to-date description of the organisation, and copies of amendments must be
supplied to the DGCA.
CAR 21.145 Approval Requirements
The production organisation must show, on the basis of the information submitted in
accordance with CAR 21.143; that –
(a) General
The facilities, working conditions, equipment and tools, processes and associated
materials, personnel numbers and competence, and general organisation are
adequate to discharge responsibilities under CAR 21.165. (see ACI 21.145 (a).)
(b) Data
(1) The production organisation is in receipt of all necessary

airworthiness data from the DGCA, and from the holder of or
applicant for the Type Certificate or design approval, as
appropriate to determine conformity with the applicable design
data. (see ACI 21.145 (b)(1).)
(2) The production organisation has a procedure to ensure that
airworthiness data are correctly incorporated in its production data
(see ACI 21.145 (b)(2).)
(3) The above data are kept up-to-date and available to all personnel
who need access to such data to perform their duties.
(c) Organisation
(1) A manager accountable to the DGCA, has been nominated, with

responsibility within the organisation to ensure that all production
is performed to the required standards and that the production
organisation is continuously in compliance with the data and
procedures identified in the Exposition. (see ACI 21.145 (c)(1).)
(2) A manager or group of managers has been nominated to ensure

that the organisation is in compliance with the requirements of this
Subpart, and are identified, together with the extent of their
authority. In this respect such person(s) must ultimately be
directly responsible to the manager identified in sub-paragraph
(c)(1) of this paragraph. The knowledge, background and
experience of the managers nominated must be appropriate to
discharge their responsibilities. (see ACI 21.145(c)(2).)
(3) Staff at all levels have been given appropriate authority to be able
to discharge their allocated responsibilities and that there is full
and effective co-ordination within the production organisation in
respect of airworthiness matters.
(d) Certifying Staff
(1) Certifying Staff has been defined as those production organisation

personnel who are approved by the DGCA HQ/Regional
Airworthiness Office to certify as DGCA approved inspectors, that
products, parts or appliances so produced or maintained under the
scope or terms of approval conform to the applicable design data
and to sign the documents issued under CAR 21.163. The
knowledge, background, and experience of the Certifying Staff
must be appropriate to discharge their allocated responsibilities.
(see ACI 21.145 (d)(1).)
(2) The production organisation maintains a record of all certifying

staff which must include details of the scope of their authorisation.
(see ACI 21.145 (d)(2).)
(3) Certifying staff is provided with evidence of the scope of their
authorisation. (see ACI 21.145 (d)(3).)
CAR 21.147 Changes to the Approved Production Organisation
(a) After the issue of a Production Organisation Approval, each change to the
approved production organisation that is significant to the showing of conformity
or to the airworthiness of the product, part or appliance, particularly changes to
the quality system, must be approved by the DGCA. A proposal for such a
change must be notified as soon as practical and the production organisation must
show, as far as possible before the implementation of the change, to the
satisfaction of the DGCA that it will continue to comply with requirements of this
Subpart G. (see ACI 21.147 (a).)
(b) The DGCA may prescribe the conditions under which a Subpart G approved
production organisation may operate during such changes unless the DGCA
determines that the approval should be suspended.
CAR 21.148 Changes in Location

(See ACI 21.148)
A change in the location of the manufacturing facilities of the approved production

organisation must be regarded as a change of significance to the organisation which must
therefore comply with CAR 21.147.

(See ACI 21.149)
Except for a change in ownership, which must be regarded as a change of significance,

and must therefore comply with CAR 21.147, a Production Organisation Approval is not
transferable.
CAR 21.151 Terms of Approval

(See ACI 21.151)
Terms of approval are issued as part of a Production Organisation Approval. The Terms
of Approval identify the scope of work plus products and/or the categories of parts and
appliances.
CAR 21.153 Changes to the Terms of Approval
(See ACI 21.153)
Application for a change to the Terms of Approval must be made in a form and manner
acceptable to the DGCA. The applicant must comply with the applicable requirements of
this Subpart G.
CAR 21.157 Investigations

(See ACI 21.157)
Each Applicant for or holder of a Production Organisation Approval shall make

arrangements that allow the DGCA to make any investigations, including investigations
of partners and/or subcontractors, necessary to determine compliance with the applicable
requirements of this Subpart G.
CAR 21.159 Duration
(a) A Production Organisation Approval is valid until surrendered, suspended,

revoked, or a termination date is otherwise established by the DGCA (see ACI
21.159(a).)
(b) The DGCA may restrict, suspend or revoke a Production Organisation Approval
if
(1) The production organisation fails to show compliance with the applicable
requirements of this Subpart G; or
(2) It is prevented by the holder or any of his partners or subcontractor to

perform the investigations in accordance with CAR 21.157; or
(3) It finds evidence that the production organisation cannot maintain

satisfactory control of the manufacture of products, parts or appliances
under the approval; (see ACI 21.159(b)(3) or
(4) The production organisation no longer meets the requirements of CAR

21.133.
CAR 21.163 Privileges

(See ACI 21.163)
The holder of a Production Organisation Approval may, within his Terms of Approval
issued under CAR 21. 135-
(a) In the case of complete aircraft submit a statement of conformity to the DGCA for
the purpose of obtaining a certificate of airworthiness, Standard or Export.
(see ACI 21.163(a))
(b) In the case of other products, parts or appliances issue Authorised Release
Certificates DGCA Form 21-1 where Certifying Staff have been approved by
DGCA. (see ACI No. 1 to 21.163(b) and ACI No.2 to 21.163(b)
(c) Maintain a new aircraft that he has produced, and where certifying staff have been
approved by DGCA, issue a certificate of release to service in respect of that
maintenance (see ACI 21.163 (C).)
CAR 21.165 Responsibilities of Holder
The holder of a Production Organisation Approval shall –
(a) Ensure that the production organisation Exposition furnished in accordance with
CAR 21.143 and the documents to which it refers, are used as basic working
documents within the organisation. (see ACI 21. 165(a).)
(b) Maintain the production organisation in conformity with the data and procedures
approved for the Production Organisation Approval.
(c) (See ACI No. 4 to 21.165(c).)
(1) Determine that each completed aircraft conforms to the type design and is
in condition for safe operation prior to submitting Statements of
Conformity to the DGCA, or
(2) Determine that other products, parts or appliances are complete and
conform to the approved design data and are in condition for safe
operation before issuing a DGCA Form 21-1 to certify airworthiness, or
(3) Determine that other products, parts or appliances conform to the

applicable data before issuing a DGCA Form 21-1 as a conformity
Certificate. (see ACI No. 1 to 21.165(c), ACI No. 2 to 21.165(c). ACI No.
3 to 21.165 (c) and ACI No. 5 to 21.165 (c).)
(d) Record all details of work carried out in a form acceptable to the DGCA. (see ACI
21 165 (d)/(g)).)
(e) (1) Report to the holder of the Type Certificate or Design Approval, all cases
where products, parts or appliances have been released by the production
organisation and subsequently identified to have deviations from the
applicable design data, and investigate with the holder of the Type
Certificate or Design Approval to identify those deviations which could
lead to an unsafe condition.
(2) Report to the DGCA, the deviations identified according to sub-paragraph
(e)(1) of this paragraph. Such reports must be made in a form and manner
acceptable to the DGCA according to CAR 21.3(b)(2).
(3) Where the Production Organisation Approval holder is acting as a supplier

to another production organisation, report also to that other organisation.
(f) Provide assistance to the holder of the Type Certificate or Design Approval in
dealing with any continuing airworthiness actions that are related to the products,
parts or appliances that have been produced.
(g) Institute an archiving system incorporating requirements to its partners, suppliers

and subcontractors, ensuring conservation of the data used to justify conformity of
the products, parts or appliances, to be held at the disposal of the DGCA and to be
retained in order to provide the information necessary to ensure the continuing
airworthiness of the products, parts or appliances. (see ACI 21.165(d)/(g).)
(h) Where, under his Terms of Approval, he submits to the DGCA a certificate of
release to service, determine that each completed aircraft has been subjected to
necessary maintenance and is in condition for safe operation, prior to submitting
the certificate.
SUBPART H - CERTIFICATES OF AIRWORTHINESS
This Subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the issue of Certificates of

Airworthiness for new aircraft manufactured / assembled in India only.
Under this Subpart the DGCA will only accept an application for a certificate of
Airworthiness from the manufacturer or the owner (or agent of the owner) of a new
aircraft.
(a) An application for a Certificate of Airworthiness must be made in a form and

manner acceptable to the DGCA.
(b) Each application must include -
(i) A Statement of Conformity issued under Subpart G of this CAR.

(ii) A Weight and Balance report, with a loading schedule, when applicable,
for each aircraft in accordance with the applicable CAR.
(iii) The Flight Manual, when required by the applicable Airworthiness
Requirements for the particular aircraft.
CAR 21.175 Language
The manuals, placards, listings, and instrument markings and other necessary information
required by applicable CARs must be presented in English.
CAR 21.176 Classification
Standard Certificates of Airworthiness are certificates issued for aircraft for which a type
certificate has been issued in accordance with CAR-21.
CAR 21.177 Amendment or modification
A Certificate of Airworthiness may be amended or modified only by the DGCA.
Reserved
Each aircraft for which the DGCA has issued a Certificate of Airworthiness shall upon
request be made available for inspection by the DGCA.
CAR 21.181 Duration
(a) The DGCA may suspend, revoke or terminate a Certificate of Airworthiness.

Unless sooner surrendered, suspended, revoked, or a termination date is otherwise
established by the DGCA, a Certificate of Airworthiness is effective for a
maximum of one year, as long as the maintenance is performed in accordance
with the applicable CARs and provided the aircraft remains on the Indian
register..
(b) Upon suspension, revocation, or termination by order of the DGCA of a

Certificate of Airworthiness, it shall, upon request, be surrendered to the DGCA.
(c) A Certificate of Airworthiness is invalid when the Type Certificate under which it
is issued is suspended or revoked under CAR 21.51.
CAR 21.182 Aircraft identification
Each applicant for a Certificate of Airworthiness under this Subpart must show that his
aircraft is identified as prescribed in Subpart Q.
CAR 21.183 Issue of Standard Certificates of Airworthiness
The DGCA issue a Certificate of Airworthiness to new aircraft manufactured / assembled

in India.
(a) Upon presentation of the documentation required by CAR21.174 (b)
(b) Upon evidence that:
(i) The aircraft conforms to a Type Design approved under a Type

Certificate, and to applicable Airworthiness Directives; and
(ii) The aircraft has been inspected in accordance with the appropriate CAR;
and
(iii) The DGCA finds that the aircraft conforms to Type Design and is in
condition for safe operation.
SUBPART JA – DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL –
PRODUCTS OR CHANGES TO PRODUCTS
CAR 21.A231 Applicability

(See ACI 21. A231)
This Subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the approval of design organisations
designing products or changes to products and rules governing the holders of such
approvals.
CAR 21.A233 Eligibility
The DGCA will only accept an application for a Design Organisation Approval under
this Subpart JA:
(a) In association with an application for a Type Certificate under CAR 21.15
or for a ITSO Authorisation under CAR 21.603(a) for an article listed in
Appendix C; or
(b) From the holder of a Type Certificate or equivalent that has been issued by
DGCA other than according to CAR 21.
CAR 21.A234 Application
Each application for a Design Organisation Approval must be made in a form and manner
acceptable to the DGCA and must include an outline of the information required by CAR
21.A243, and the Terms of Approval requested to be issued under CAR 21.A251.
CAR 21.A235 Requirements for Issue
The DGCA issues a Design Organisation Approval when it is satisfied that compliance
has been shown with the applicable requirements of this Subpart JA.
CAR 21.A239 Design Assurance System
(a) The applicant must show that the Organisation has established and can maintain a
Design Assurance System for the control and supervision of the design, and of
design changes, of products covered by the application. This Design Assurance
System must be such as to enable the Organisation. (See ACI 21.A239 (a)).
(1) To ensure that the design of the products, or the design change thereof,
comply with the applicable requirements; and
(2) To ensure that its responsibilities are properly discharged in accordance
with-
(i) The appropriate regulations of this CAR-21; and
(ii) The Terms of Approval issued under CAR 21.A251.
(3) To independently monitor the compliance with, and adequacy of, the
documented procedures of the system. This monitoring must include a
feed-back system to a person or a group of persons having the
responsibility to ensure corrective actions.
(b) The Design Assurance System must include an independent checking function of
the showings of compliance on the basis of which the Organisation submits
compliance statements and associated documentation to the DGCA.
(c) The applicant must specify the manner in which the Design Assurance System
accounts for the acceptability of the parts or appliances designed or the tasks
performed by partners or subcontractor according to methods that are the subject
of written procedures. (See ACJ 21.A239(c))
CAR 21.A243 Data Requirements
(a) The applicant must furnish a handbook to the DGCA which must describe, either
directly or by cross-reference, the Organisation, the relevant procedures and the
products or changes to products to be designed. (See ACI 21.A243 (a) and ACI
21.A265 (a).
(b) Where any parts or appliances or any changes to the products are designed by
partner organisations or subcontractors of the applicant, the handbook must
include a statement of how the applicant will be able to give, for all parts and
appliances, the assurance of compliance required CAR 21.A239 (b), and must
contain, directly or by cross-reference, descriptions and information on the design
activities and organisation of those partners or subcontractors, as necessary to
establish this statement.
(c) The handbook shall be amended as necessary to remain an up-to-date description

of the Organisation, and copies of amendments shall be supplied to the DGCA.
(d) The applicant must furnish a statement of the qualifications and experience of
the management staff and other persons responsible for making
decisions affecting airworthiness in the Organisation.
CAR 21.A245 Requirements for Approval

(See ACI 21. A245)
The information submitted in accordance with CAR 21.A243 must show that, in addition
to complying with CAR 21.A239-
(a) The staff in all technical departments are of sufficient numbers and
experience and have been given appropriate authority to be able to
discharge their allocated responsibilities and that these, together with the
accommodation, facilities and equipment are adequate to enable the staff
to achieve the airworthiness objectives for the products.
(b) There is full and efficient co-ordination between departments and within
departments in respect to airworthiness matters.
CAR 21.A247 Changes in Design Assurance System
After the grant of a Design Organisation Approval, each change to the Design Assurance
System that is significant to the showing of compliance or to the airworthiness of the
product, must be approved by the DGCA. An application for approval shall be submitted
in writing to the DGCA and the Design Organisation shall show, to the satisfaction of the
DGCA, on the basis of submission of proposed changes to the handbook, and before
implementation of the change, that it will continue to comply with JAR 21.A245 after
implementation.
CAR 21.A249 Transferability

(See ACI 21.A249)
Except for a change in ownership of the Organisation, which must be regarded as a

change of significance, and must therefore comply with CAR 21.A247, a Design
Organisation Approval is not transferable.
CAR 21.A251 Terms of Approval

(See ACI 21. A251)
Terms of Approval as issued as part of a Design Organisation Approval. This lists the
types of design work, the categories of products and the specific products or changes
thereof for which the design organisation holds a Design Organisation Approval and the
functions and duties the Organisation is approved to perform in regard to the
airworthiness of products.
CAR 21.A253 Change to the Terms of Approval
Each change to the Terms of Approval must be approved by the DGCA. Application for
a change to the Terms of Approval must be made in writing to the DGCA. The applicant
must comply with the applicable requirements of this Subpart JA.
CAR 21.A257 Investigations
(a) Each holder of or applicant for a Design Organisation Approval shall make
arrangements that allow the DGCA to make any investigations, including
investigations of partners and/or subcontractors, necessary to determine
compliance with the applicable regulations in this Subpart JA (See ACI
21.A257 (a)).
(b) Each holder of or applicant for a Design Organisation Approval must allow the
DGCA to make any inspections and any flight and ground tests necessary to
check the validity of the compliance statements submitted by the applicant under
CAR 21.A239 (b).
CAR 21.A259 Duration
(a) A Design Organisation Approval remains valid for a maximum of 12 months

unless -
(1) Surrendered by the holder of the Design Organisation Approval; or
(2) Suspended or revoked by the DGCA; or
(3) The end of a specified duration.
(b) The DGCA may restrict, suspend or revoke a Design Organisation approval if it -
(1) Finds that the Organisation does not comply with the applicable
requirements of this Subpart JA: or
(2) Is prevented by the holder or any of its partners and/or subcontracts to
perform the investigations in accordance with CAR 21.A257;
(3) Finds evidence that the Design Assurance System cannot maintain
satisfactory control and supervision of the design of products or changes
thereof under the approval.
CAR 21.A263 Privileges
(a) Subject to CAR 21.A257(b), compliance documents submitted by the

Organisation for the purpose of-
(1) Obtaining a Type Certificate or approval of a major change to a Type

Design; or
(2) Reserved
(3) Obtaining an Indian Technical Standard Order under CAR 21.602(b), may
be accepted by the DGCA (See ACI 21.A263(a)).
(b) The holder of a Design Organisation Approval may, within his Terms of
Approval-
(1) Propose classification of changes to Type Design as “major” or “minor” to

the DGCA ( See ACI 21.A263(b)(1));
(2) Approve minor changes to Type Design under procedures agreed with the
DGCA. (See ACI 21.A263 (b)(2) provided the classification of the change
as minor has been previously agreed by the DGCA.
(3) Issue information or instructions containing the following statement under
procedures agreed with the DGCA “The technical content of this
document is approved under the authority of DGCA DOA nr. XX” (See
ACI 21A263(b)(3))
CAR 21.A265 Responsibility of Holder of Design Organisation Approval
The holder of Design Organisation Approval shall –
(a) Maintain the handbook in conformity with the Design Assurance System.
(See ACI 21.A265 (a)).
(b) Ensure that this handbook is used as a basic working document within the
Organisation. (See ACI 21.A265 (b)).
(c) Determine that the design of products, or changes thereof, as applicable,
comply with applicable requirements and have no unsafe feature;
(d) Submit to the DGCA statements and associated documentation confirming
compliance with sub-paragraph (c) of this paragraph.
(e) Submit to the DGCA information or instructions related to required actions
under CAR 21.3(d) to ensure compatibility with related Airworthiness
Directive.
SUBPART JB – DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL – PARTS
CAR 21.B231 Applicability

(See ACI 21.B231)
This Subpart prescribes procedural requirements for the approval of design organisations
designing parts and appliances or changes thereto and rules governing the holders of such
approvals.
CAR 21.B233 Eligibility

(See ACJ 21.B233)
The DGCA will only accept an applicant for a Design Organisation Approval covering
the Design of parts or appliances, or changes thereof, if the DGCA agrees that such an
approval is appropriate for the purpose of assisting applicants for or holders of Type
Certificates in showing compliance with the applicable airworthiness requirements.
CAR 21.B234 Application
Each application for a Design Organisation Approval must be made in a form and manner
acceptable to the DGCA and must include an outline of the information required by CAR
21.B243, and the Terms of Approval requested to be issued under CAR21.B251.
CAR 21.B235 Requirements for issue
The DGCA issues a Design Organisation Approval when it is satisfied that compliance
has been shown with the applicable requirements of this Subpart JB.
CAR 21.B239 Design Control System
(a) (See ACI 21.B239 (a)). The applicant must show that the Organisation has
established and can maintain a Design Assurance System for the control and
supervision of the design, and of design changes, of parts and appliances
covered by the application. This Design Assurance System must be such as
to enable the Organisation -
(1) To assist the applicant for a Type Certificate in the manner specified in
CAR 21.A239(c), in ensuring that the design of the parts and appliances,
or the design change thereof, comply with the applicable requirements;
and
(2) To ensure that its responsibilities are properly discharged in accordance
with
(i) The appropriate regulations of this CAR-21; and

(ii) The Terms of Approval issued under CAR21.B251.
(3) To independently monitor the compliance with, and adequacy of, the
documented procedures of the system. This monitoring must include a
feed-back system to a person or a group of persons having the
responsibility to ensure corrective actions.
(b) The Design Assurance System must include an independent checking function of
the showings of compliance.
(c) The applicant must specify the manner in which the Design Assurance System
accounts for the acceptability of the parts or appliances designed or the tasks
performed by partners or sub-contractors according to methods that are the
subject of written procedures. (See ACI 21.B239(c)).
CAR 21.B243 Data Requirements
(a) The applicant must furnish a handbook to the DGCA which must describe either
directly, or by cross-reference the Organisation, the relevant procedures and the
parts and appliances or changes thereto, to be designed. (See ACI 21.B243 (a).)
(b) Where any parts or appliances or any changes to the products are designed by
partner organisations or subcontractors of the applicant, the handbook must
include a statement of how the applicant will be able to give, for all parts and appliances
the assurance of compliance required by CAR 21.B239 (b), and must contain,
directly or by cross-reference, descriptions and information on the design
activities and organisation of those partners and subcontractors, as necessary
to establish this statement.
(c) The handbook shall be amended as necessary to remain an up-to-date

description of the Organisation, and copies of amendments shall be supplied to
the DGCA.
(d) The applicant must furnish a statement of the qualifications and experience of
the management staff and other persons responsible for making decisions affecting
airworthiness in the Organisation.
CAR 21.B245 Requirements for Approval

(See ACI 21.B245)
The information submitted in accordance with CAR 21.B243 must show that, in addition
to complying with CAR 21.B239.
(a) The staff in all technical departments are of sufficient numbers and experience
and have been given appropriate authority to be able to discharge their allocated
responsibilities and that these, together with the accommodation, facilities and
equipment are adequate to enable the staff to achieve the airworthiness objectives
for the part or appliance.
(b) There is full and efficient co-ordination between departments and within
departments in respect to airworthiness matters.
CAR 21.B247 Changes in Design Assurance System
After the grant of a Design Organisation Approval each change to the Design Assurance
System that is significant to the showing of compliance, must be approved by the DGCA.
An application for approval shall be submitted in writing to the DGCA and the Design
Organisation shall show, to the satisfaction of the DGCA, on the basis of submission of
proposed changes to the handbook, and before implementation of the change, that is will
continue to comply with CAR 21.B245, after implementation.
CAR 21.B249 Transferability

(See ACI 21.B249)
Except for a change in ownership of the Organisation, which must be regarded as a

change of significance, and must therefore comply with CAR 21.B247, a Design
Organisation Approval is not transferable.
CAR 21.B251 Terms of Approval

(See ACI 21.B251)
Terms of Approval are issued as part of a design organisation Approval. This lists the
types of design work and the categories of the parts or appliances for which the design
organisation holds a Design Organisation Approval, and the functions and duties that the
Organisation is approved to perform in regard to the airworthiness of parts or appliances.
CAR 21.B253 Change to the Terms of Approval
Each change to the Terms of Approval must be approved by the DGCA. Application for
a change to the Terms of Approval must be made in writing to the DGCA. The applicant
must comply with the applicable requirements of this Subpart JB.
CAR 21.B257 Investigations
Each holder of, or applicant for, a Design Organisation Approval shall make
arrangements that allow the DGCA to make any investigations necessary to determine
compliance with the applicable regulations in this Subpart JB.
CAR 21.B259 Duration
(a) A Design Organisation Approval remains valid for a maximum of 12 months

unless -
(1) Surrendered by the holder of the Design Organisation Approval; or
(2) Suspended or revoked by the DGCA; or
(3) The end of a specified duration; or
(4) A termination date otherwise established by the DGCA.
(b) The DGCA may restrict, suspend or revoke a Design Organisation Approval if it -
(1) Finds that the Organisation does not comply with the applicable
requirements of this Subpart JB; or
(2) Is prevented by the holder or any of its sub-contractors to perform the
investigations in accordance with CAR 21.B257; or
(3) Finds evidence that the Design Assurance System cannot maintain
satisfactory control and supervision of the design of parts and appliances,
or changes thereof, under the approval.
CAR 21.B265 Responsibility of Holder of Design Organisation Approval
The holder of a Design Organisation Approval shall –
(a) Maintain the handbook in conformity with the Design Assurance

System. (See ACI 21.B265 (a).)
(b) Ensure that this handbook is used as a basic working document within
the Organisation. (See ACI 21.B265 (b).)
SUBPART K – PARTS AND APPLIANCES
(a) This Subpart prescribes (directly or by cross-reference) procedural requirements

related to the approval of parts and appliances.
(b) This Subpart is applicable on and after 1 January 2004.
CAR 21.303 Compliance with Requirements
The showing of compliance with applicable requirements for parts and appliances to be
installed in a type certificated product may only be made –
(a) In conjunction with the type certification procedures of Subpart B or D for the
product in which it is to be installed; or
(b) Where applicable, under the ITSO Authorisation procedures of Subpart O; or
(c) In the case of standard Parts, in accordance with established Industry or

Government Specifications.
CAR 21.305 Approval of Parts and Appliances
Wherever a part or appliance is explicitly required to be approved under a CAR,

compliance must be shown with the applicable ITSO Specification or with specifications
accepted by the DGCA as equivalent in the particular case.
CAR 21.307 Release of Parts and Appliances for Installation
No replacement or modification part or appliance (except a standard part), is eligible for

installation in a type certificated product unless it is –
(a) Accompanied by an Authorised Release Certificate (DGCA Form 21-1),

certifying airworthiness (See ACI 21.307 (a)); and
(b) Marked in accordance with Subpart Q.

SUBPART L – EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS
(a) This Subpart prescribes-
(1) Procedural requirements for the issue of export airworthiness approvals for
new products, parts or appliances manufactured in India only**; and
(2) Rules governing the holders of those approvals.
(b) This Subpart is applicable from 01 January 2004.
Under this Subpart, the DGCA will only accept an application for an export airworthiness
approval from the manufacturer or owner of a new product, part or appliance.
CAR 21.325 Export Airworthiness Approvals
(a) Kinds of Approvals
(1) Export airworthiness approval of complete aircraft is issued in the form of

Export Certificate of Airworthiness. Such certificates do not authorize the
operation of aircraft.
(2) Export airworthiness approval of other products, parts ( except Standard

Parts), or appliances are issued in the form of Authorised Released
Certificates (DGCA Form 21-1) issued in accordance with applicable CARs.
(b) Location of products, parts or appliances.
An Export Airworthiness Approval is only issued if in addition to complying with

CAR 21.1(e) the DGCA finds that the location of the product, part or appliance
does not place an undue burden upon the DGCA in administering the provisions
of this Subpart.
(c) Export airworthiness approval exceptions
If the export airworthiness approval is issued on the basis of a written statement

by the importing State in accordance with CAR 21.329(b) or 21.331(b), the
requirements that are not met and the differences in configuration, if any, between
the product, part or appliance to be exported and the related type approved
product, part or appliance must be listed on the export airworthiness approval as
exceptions.
CAR 21.327 Application for an Export Certificate of Airworthiness
(a) An application for an Export Certificate of Airworthiness must be made in a form

and manner acceptable to the DGCA and be submitted to the appropriate DGCA
local office.
(b) For each new aircraft, each application must include, or reference, as applicable-
(1) A Statement of Conformity

(2) A weight and Balance report, with a loading schedule when applicable in
accordance with the applicable CAR.
(3) A maintenance manual.
(4) Evidence of compliance with the applicable Airworthiness Directives. A
suitable notation must be made when such Directives are not complied
with.
(5) When temporary installations are incorporated in an aircraft for the
purpose of export delivery, the applicable form must include a general
description of the installations together with a statement that the
installation will be removed and the aircraft restored to the approved
configuration upon completion of the delivery flight.
(6) A description of the methods used, if any, for the preservation and
packaging of such aircraft to protect them against corrosion and damage
while in transit or storage. The description must also indicate the duration
of the effectiveness of such methods.
(7) A flight Manual.
(8) A statement as to the date on which any documents not made available at
the date of application are expected to be available.
(9) A statement as to the date when title passed or is expected to pass to a
foreign purchaser.
CAR 21.329 Issue of Export Certificate of Airworthiness
(a) The DGCA issues an Export Certificate of Airworthiness if the applicant shows,
except as provided in sub-paragraph (b) of this paragraph, that
(1) The aircraft conforms to the Type Design acceptable to the importing
country.
(2) The aircraft has been produced under Subpart G of this CAR 21.
(3) The aircraft meets the additional requirements for import of the importing
country if they have been notified.
(4) All documents listed in CAR 21.327(b) have been submitted.
(5) The aircraft is identified in accordance with Subpart Q of this CAR 21.
(b) An aircraft need not meet a requirement specified in sub-paragraph (a) (1) to (4)
of this paragraph as applicable, if acceptable to the importing country and the
importing country indicates that acceptability.
CAR 21.331 Use of Authorised Release Document for Export
(a) An Authorised Released Document may only be used in connection with the
export of a product other than aircraft, or a part or appliance-
(1) The Authorised Release Document has been issued in accordance with the
applicable CARs; and
(2) The product other than aircraft, or part or appliance, meets the additional
requirements for import of the importing country. (See ACJ 21.331(a)(2)).
(b) A product other than aircraft, or part or appliance, need not meet a requirement
specified in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph if acceptable to the importing
country and the importing country indicates that acceptability.
CAR 21.335 Duties and Responsibilities of Holders of Export Airworthiness

Approvals
Unless otherwise agreed with the Importing Authority, the Exporter receiving an export
airworthiness approval shall-
(a) Forward to the Authority of the importing country all documents and information
necessary for the proper operation of the products being exported e.g. Flight
Manuals, Maintenance Manuals, Service Bulletins, and assembly instructions,
such other materials as are stipulated in the special requirements of the importing
country. The documents, information and material may be forwarded by any
means consistent with special requirements of the importing country.
(b) Forward the manufacturer’s assembly instructions and a flight test check off form
approved by the DGCA to the Authority of the importing country when
unassembled aircraft are being exported. These instructions must be in sufficient
detail to permit whatever rigging, alignment, and ground testing is necessary to
ensure that the aircraft will conform to the approved configuration when
assembled.
(c) Preserve and package products, parts and appliances as necessary to protect them
against corrosion and damage whilst in transit or storage and state the duration of
effectiveness of such methods.
(d) Remove or cause to be removed any temporary installation incorporated on an

aircraft for the purpose of export delivery and restore the aircraft to the approved
configuration upon completion of the delivery flight.
SUBPART M – REPAIRS
CAR 21.431 Approval of Design of Repairs
A repair, the design of which has not been approved under the Type Certification process,
must be treated as a change to the Type Design, and must be approved according to
Subpart D.
SUBPART N – IMPORTED PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES, AND
CHANGES DESIGNED OUTSIDE OF INDIA
Reserved
SUBPART O – INDIAN TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER AUTHORISATIONS
CAR 21.600 Definition
For the purpose of this Subpart, “articles” means parts and appliances used on civil
aircraft.
(a) This Subpart prescribes -
(1) Procedural requirements for the issue of Indian Technical Standard Order
Authorisations.
(2) Rules governing the holders of Indian Technical Standard Order

Authorisations.
(b) This Subpart is applicable on and after 1 January, 2004.
(c) For the purpose of this CAR – 21 -
(1) An Indian Technical Standard Order (referred to in this Subpart as ITSO)

is issued by the DGCA and is a minimum performance standard for
specified articles.
(2) An ITSO Authorisation is an authorisation, to mark an article with the

appropriate ITSO marking.
(3) An ITSO Authorisation is an approval of the design and for the production
of an article which has been found to meet a specific ITSO, issued to the
manufacturer of this article.
(4) An article manufactured under a ITSO Authorisation is an approved article

for the purpose of meeting the applicable CARs that require the article to
be approved.
(a) The Authority will only accept an application for ITSO Authorisation from a
person who produces or is preparing to produce an ITSO article and who holds
or has applied for an appropriate Production Organisation Approval under
Subpart G.
(b) Applicants seeking an ITSO Authorisation of an article, under a ITSO that the
Authority has determined includes qualitative design requirements of
significance to airworthiness (see Appendix C to CAR-21), must hold or have
applied for an appropriate Design Organisation Approval under Subpart JA.
(a) Each application for a ITSO Authorisation must be made in a form and manner
acceptable to the DGCA and must include an outline of the information
required by CAR 21.605.
(b) When a series of minor changes in accordance with CAR 21.611 is anticipated,
the applicant may set forth in its application the basic model number of the
article and the part number of the components with open brackets after it to
denote that suffix change letters or numbers (or combinations of them) will be
added from time to time.
CAR 21.605 Data Requirements
The applicant must submit the following documents, to the DGCA:
(a) A Statement of Compliance certifying that the applicant has met the
requirements of this Subpart.
(b) A Declaration of Design and Performance (DDP).
(c) One copy of the technical data required in the applicable ITSO.
(d) The Exposition (or a reference to the Exposition) required by CAR 21.143 for
the purpose of obtaining an appropriate Production Organisation Approval
under Subpart G.
(e) Where applicable under CAR 21.602(b), the Handbook (or a reference to the
Handbook) required by CAR 21.A243 for the purpose of obtaining an
appropriate Design Organisation Approval under Subpart JA.
CAR 21.606 Issue of Authorisation
The DGCA issues a ITSO Authorisation if the applicant –
(a) has obtained an appropriate Production Organisation Approval Under Subpart

G; and
(b) has shown that the article complies with the technical conditions of the
applicable ITSO in a manner acceptable to the DGCA, and has submitted the
corresponding Statement of Compliance.
(c) for articles for which an Authorisation is sought under a ITSO listed in
Appendix C to CAR-21-
(1) Has obtained an appropriate Design Organisation Approval under Subpart
JA; and
(2) Has made the showing of compliance and has issued the Statement of
Compliance under the procedures of the approval.
(d) Has shown in a manner acceptable to the DGCA, that he is able to comply with
CAR 21.3(b) and (c).
CAR 21.607 ITSO Marking and Privileges
(a) The issue of an ITSO Authorisation by the DGCA authorises the manufacturer
to identify the article with the ITSO marking.
(b) No person may identify an article with a ITSO marking unless that person holds
a ITSO Authorisation and the article meets applicable ITSO performance
standards.
CAR 21.608 Declaration of Design and Performance (DDP)

(See ACJ 21.608)
(a) The DDP must contain at least the following information:
(1) Information corresponding to CAR 21.31(a) and (b), identifying the article
and its design and testing standard.
(2) The rated performance of the article, where appropriate, either directly or
by reference to other supplementary documents.
(3) A Statement of Compliance certifying that the article has met the
appropriate ITSO.
(4) Reference to relevant test reports.
(5) Reference to the appropriate Maintenance, Overhaul and Repair Manuals.
(6) Where various levels of compliance are allowed by the ITSO, the levels of
compliance must be defined in the DDP.
(b) The DDP must be concluded with the date and signature of the manufacturer or
his authorised representative.
CAR 21.609 General Rules Governing Holders of ITSO Authorisations
Each manufacturer of an article for which he holds a ITSO Authorisation issued under
this CAR 21 shall–
(a) Manufacture each article in accordance with the Production Organisation

Approval issued under Subpart G, that ensures that each completed article
conforms to its design data and is safe for installation;
(b) Prepare and maintain, for each model of each article for which a ITSO
Authorisation has been issued, a current file of complete technical data and
records in accordance with CAR 21.613;
(c) Prepare, maintain and update master copies of all manuals required by the
applicable CAR for the article;
(d) Make available to users and to the Authority on request those maintenance,
overhaul and repair manuals necessary for the usage and maintenance of the
article, and changes to those manuals;
(e) Mark each article in accordance with CAR 21.807 (b); and
(f) Comply with CAR 21.3 (b), (c) and 21.4.
CAR 21.610 Approvals for Deviation
(a) Each manufacturer who requests approval to deviate from any performance
standard of a ITSO must show that the standards from which a deviation is
requested are compensated for by factors or design features providing an
equivalent level of safety.
(b) The request for approval to deviate, together with all pertinent data, must be
submitted to the DGCA.
CAR 21.611 Design Changes
(a) Minor changes by the manufacturer holding the ITSO Authorisation. The
manufacturer of an article under an Authorisation issued under this CAR-21
may make minor design changes (any change other than a major change)
without further Authorisation by the DGCA provided the classification of the
design change has been previously approved by the DGCA. In this case, the
changed article keeps the original model number (part number changes or
amendments shall be used to identify minor changes) and the manufacturer
shall forward to the DGCA any revised data that are necessary for compliance
with JAR 21.603 (b).
(b) Major changes by the manufacturer holding the ITSO Authorisation. Any
design change by the manufacturer that is extensive enough to require a
substantially complete investigation to determine compliance with a ITSO is a
major change. Before making such a change, the manufacturer must assign a
new type of model designation to the article and apply for an Authorisation
under CAR 21.603.
(c) Changes by person other than the manufacturer holding the ITSO
Authorisation. No design change by any person (other than the manufacturer
who submitted the Statement of Compliance for the article) is eligible for
approval under this Subpart O unless the person seeking the approval applies
under CAR 21.603 for a separate ITSO Authorisation.
CAR 21.613 Recordkeeping
Further to the Recordkeeping requirements appropriate to or associated with the quality

system, all relevant design information, drawings and test reports, including inspection
records for the article tested, shall be held at the disposal of the DGCA and shall be
retained in order to provide the information necessary to ensure the continued
airworthiness of the article and of the type certificated product in which it is fitted.
CAR 21.615 Authority Inspection
Upon the request of the DGCA, each manufacturer of an article under an ITSO
authorisation shall allow the Authority to-
(a) Witness any tests.

(b) Inspect the technical data files on that article.
CAR 21.619 Non-Compliance
The manufacturer’s rights to identify his article with the ITSO marking may be
withdrawn or suspended if the Authority finds that –
(a) The conditions required when ITSO authorisation was granted are no longer being
observed, or
(b) The duties of the holder specified in CAR 21.609 are no longer being discharged;
or
(c) The article has proved to give rise to unacceptable hazards in service.
CAR 21.621 Transferability and Duration
Except for a change in ownership of the holder, which must be regarded as a change of
significance, and must therefore comply; with CAR 21.147, and 21.A247 if applicable,
an ITSO Authorisation issued under this CAR-21 is not transferable. It is effective until
surrendered, withdrawn or otherwise terminated by the Authority.
SUBPART Q – IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES
CAR 21.801 General
(a) Aircraft and aircraft engines. Each person who manufacturers an aircraft or
aircraft engine under a Type Certificate or Production Organisation Approval
shall identify that aircraft or engine by means of a fireproof plate that has the
information specified in CAR 21.803 marked on it by etching, stamping,
engraving, or other approved method of fireproof marking. The identification
plate must be secured in such a manner that it will not likely be defaced or
removed during normal service, or lost or destroyed in an accident.
(b) Propellers and propeller blades and hubs. Each person who manufactures a
propeller, propeller blade, or propeller hub under the terms of a Type Certificate
or Production Organisation Approval shall identify his product by means of a
plate, stamping, engraving, etching or other approved method of fireproof
identification that is placed on it on a non-critical surface, contains the
information specified in CAR 21.803, and will not be likely to be defaced or
removed during normal service or lost or destroyed in an accident.
(c) Reserved
(d) Reserved
CAR 21.803 Identification Data
(a) The identification required by CAR 21.801 (a) and (b) shall include the following
information:
(1) Manufacturer’s name.
(2) Product or part designation.
(3) Manufacturer’s Serial number.
(4) Any other information the DGCA finds appropriate.
(b) Except as provided in sub-paragraph (d)(1) of this paragraph no person may

remove, change, or place identification information required by sub-paragraph (a)
of this paragraph on any aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, propeller blade, or
propeller hub, without the approval of the DGCA.
(c) Except as provided in sub-paragraph (d)(2) of this paragraph no person may
remove, or install any identification plate required by CAR 21.801 without the
approval of the DGCA.
(d) Persons performing maintenance work under the provisions of applicable CARs
may, in accordance with methods, techniques and practices acceptable to the
DGCA-
(1) Remove, change, or place the identification information required by the

sub- paragraph (a) of this paragraph on any aircraft, aircraft engine,
propeller, propeller blade, or propeller hub; or
(2) Remove an identification plate required by CAR 21.801 when necessary

during maintenance operations.
(e) No person may install an identification plate removed in accordance with sub-
paragraph (d) (2) of this paragraph on any aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller,
propeller blade, or propeller hub, other than the one from which it was removed.
CAR 21.805 Identification of Critical Parts
Each person who produces a part to be fitted on a type certificated product which has
been identified as a critical part shall permanently and legibly mark that part with a part
number (or equivalent) and a serial number (or equivalent).
CAR 21.807 ITSO Articles, Replacement and Modification Parts
(a) Except as provided in sub-paragraphs (c) and (d) of this paragraph, each person
who produces a replacement or modification part shall, in addition to any marking
in accordance with CAR 21.805, permanently and legibly mark the part with -
(1) A name, trademark, or symbol prescribed by the Type Certificate; and
(2) The part number.
(b) Each manufacturer of an article for which he holds an ITSO Authorisation issued
under this CAR-21 shall permanently and legibly mark each article with the
following information:
(1) The name and address of the manufacturer;
(2) The name, type, part number or model designation of the article;
(3) The serial number or the date of manufacture of the article or both; and
(4) The applicable ITSO number.

(c) If the DGCA agrees that a part is too small or that it is otherwise impractical to
mark a part with any of the information required by sub-paragraph (a) or (b) or (c)
of this paragraph, the Authorised Release Document accompanying the part or its
container must include the information that could not be marked on the part.
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Production Organisation Exposition

(Content as required by CAR 21.143(a))
(a) A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming that the production
organisation exposition and any associated manuals which define the approved
organisation’s compliance with this Subpart will be complied with at all times.
(b) The title(s) and names of managers accepted by the DGCA in accordance with
CAR 21.145(c)(2).
(c) The duties and responsibilities of the manager(s) as required by CAR 21.145
(c)(3) including matters on which they may deal directly with the DGCA on
behalf of the Organisation.
(d) An organisational chart showing associated chains of responsibility of the

managers as required by CAR 21.145(c)(1) and (c)(2).
(e) A list of certifying staff.
(f) A general description of man-power resources.
(g) A general description of the facilities located at each address specified in the
production organisation’s certificate of approval.
(h) A general description of the production organisation’s scope of work relevant to

the Terms of Approval.
(i) The procedure for the notification of Organisational changes to the DGCA.
(j) The amendment procedure for the production organisation exposition.
(k) A description of the quality system and the procedures as required by CAR 21.
139(b)(1).
(l) A list of those outside parties referred to in CAR 21.139(a).

Appendix B
Quality System
The Quality System must include, as applicable within the scope of approval, control
procedures for the following elements as required by CAR 21.139(b)(1).
(a) Document issue, approval, or change.
(b) Vendor and subcontractor assessment audit and control
(c) Verification that incoming products, parts, materials, and equipment, including
items supplied new or used by buyers of products, are as specified in the
applicable design data.
(d) Identification and traceability
(e) Manufacturing processes.
(f) Inspection and testing, including production flight tests.
(g) Calibration of tools, jigs, and test equipment.
(h) Non conforming item control.
(i) Airworthiness co-ordination with the applicant/holder of a design approval.
(j) Records completion and retention.
(k) Personnel competence and qualification.
(l) Issue of airworthiness certifications.
(m) Handling, storage and packing.
(n) Internal quality audits and resulting corrective actions.
(o) Work within the Terms of Approval performed at any location other than the
approved facilities.
(p) Work carried out after completion of production but prior to delivery, to maintain
the aircraft in a condition for safe operation.
The control procedures need to include specific provisions for any critical parts.
Appendix C
ITSO Specification including Qualitative Design Requirements (CAR 21.602)
************
SECTION 2 - ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE AND
INTERPRETATIONS-ACI
1 GENERAL
1.1 This Section contains Acceptable Means of Compliance and Interpretative

Material that has been agreed for inclusion into CAR.
2 PRESENTATION
2.1 The Acceptable Means of Compliance and Interpretative Material are presented in
full page width on loose pages, each page being identified by the date of issue or
the Change number under which it is amended or reissued.
2.2 A numbering system has been used in which the Acceptable Means of
Compliance or Interpretative Material uses the same number as the paragraph in
CAR to which it is related. The number is introduced by the letters ACI
(Advisory Circular – India) to distinguish the material from the CAR.
2.3 The nature of the advisory material is indicated immediately following the
heading and for this purpose the two types of material are defined as follows:
Interpretative Material helps to illustrate the meaning of a requirement.
Acceptable Means of Compliance illustrate a means, but not the only means, by which a
requirement can be met.
2.4 Explanatory Notes not forming part of the ACI text appear in a smaller type
face.
ACI –SUBPART A
ACI 21. 3(a)

The System for Collection, Investigation and Analysis of Data (Interpretative
Material)
See CAR 21.3(a)
In the context of this requirement the word “collect” means, the setting up, of systems
and procedures which will enable relevant malfunctions, failures and defects to be
properly reported when they occur.
ACI 21.3 (b)(2)

Reporting to the DGCA (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.3 (b)(2)
Within the overall limit of three days the degree of urgency for submission of a report
should be determined by the level of hazard judged to have resulted from the occurrence.
Where an occurrence is judged by a reporter to have resulted in an immediate and

particularly significant hazard the authority expects to be advised immediately and by the
fastest possible means (telephone, fax, telex) of whatever details are available at that
time. This initial report to be followed up by a full written report within three days. A
typical example would be an uncontained engine failure resulting in damage to aircraft
primary structure.
Where the occurrence is judged to have resulted in a less immediate and less significant
hazard, report submission may be delayed up to the maximum of three days in order to
provide more details.
ACI 21.4
Transferring of information on Eligibility and Approval Status from the Design
Holder to Production organisations (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.4
Where there is a need to provide (normally outside the design organisation) a visible
statement of approved design data or airworthiness data associated with the approved
design data, the following minimum information should be provided. The need for a
visible statement may be in relation to Company holding a Production Organisation
Approval (POA) in relation to CAR 21.163(b)
Organisations may wish to use the following sample format. Organisation own forms
and/or electronic means may be used provided all of the following information is
addressed.
The procedures related to the use of such forms/electronic means should be agreed with
the DGCA.
“SAMPLE FORMAT”
Block 1 Company Name: the name of the responsible design organisation TC, DOA,
ITSO Holder or equivalent design approval holder.
Block 2 Date: the date when the form is signed.
ACI 21.4 (continued)
Block 3 Ref: a unique number for traceability purposes. Any subsequent amendments
must be traceable and appropriate approved.
Block 4 Make: the product designator (e.g. HAL).
Block 5 Type: the type listed on the Type certificate (e.g. ALH).
Block 6 Eligibility: Indicate the specific Type-approved applications for which the
items affected in the statement are eligible for installation.
Block 7 Issuing Organisation: the full name of the organisation issuing the statement
of approved data as authorised under the procedures agreed with the DGCA.
Block 8 Identification: the part number of the part or appliance. Preference should be
given to the use of the Illustrated Parts Catalogue (IPC) number designation.
Alternatively the reference to the instruction for continued airworthiness (e.g.
SB, AMM …/etc.) could be stated.
Block 9 Description: the name or description of the part or document should be given.
In the case of a part or appliance preference should be given to use of IPC
designation. The description is to include reference to any applicable ITSO
Authorisation.
Block 10 Purpose of data: The reason for the provision of the information should be
stated by the Design Holder.
Examples:
a) Provision of approved design data to a Production Organisation to permit

manufacture (ACI 21.133(b))
b) Information regarding eligibility for installation (replacement parts, repair

modification etc.)
c) Direct Delivery Authorisation (ACI 21. 133(b))

Note 1: If the data is in support of a major change or repair, then reference to the aircraft level
approval should be given (make reference to the approved modification or repair).
Note 2: Any particular limitations associated to the data should be declared in Block 11.
Block 11 Remarks: State any information, either direct or by reference to supporting

documentation that identifies any particular data or limitations (including
specific importing requirements) needed by a production organisation to
complete Block 13 of the DGCA Form 21-1.
Block 12 Declaration: provide reference information and tick box as appropriate.
Block 13 Name: The name of the person signing Block 13, printed, typed, or written in
a legible form.
Block 14 Signature: The hand-written normal or electronic signature of a person who

has written authority from the design organisation, as indicated in the
procedures agreed with the DGCA.
ACI – SUBPART B
ACI 21.13(a)
Eligibility (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.13 (a)
The term “simple design “ in the context of CAR 21.13 relates primarily to the task of
showing compliance, and, in particular, to where this task is relatively simple due to the
nature of the design, or to the nature of the requirements or criteria to be applied.
ACI 21.13 (b)

See CAR 21.13 (b)
The airworthiness objective of such arrangements must however be shown to be the same
as that which is expected to be achieved by an Approved Organisation.
ACI 21.16
Special Conditions (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.16
CAR 21.16 introduces 3 categories of Special Conditions:
1 Novel and unusual design features;
2 Unconventional use of product;
3 Service experience has shown that unsafe conditions may exit.
There is no regulatory definition of “unsafe conditions”, therefore the dictionary

definition applies.
However, the need for a Special Condition based on in-service experience should be
judged by using the following points as benchmarks:
- The words “unsafe conditions” are used in FAR Part 39 (see Section 39.1 and 39.11) to
justify the basis for an Airworthiness Directive.
- The words “continued safe flight and landing”, mean the capability for continued
controlled flight and landing, possibly using emergency procedures, but without requiring
exceptional pilot skill or strength. Some aircraft damage may be associated with a failure
condition, during flight or upon landing.
ACI 21.33
Inspection and Tests (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.33
The requirements of CAR 21.33 shall not preclude the applicant requesting the DGCA to
make flight or other tests of particular aspects of the product during its development and
before the Type Design is fully defined and a Declaration of Compliance can be issued
for all the applicable requirements. In such cases the applicant shall comply with the
intent of CAR
21.33 for those aspects of the product to be evaluated and shall ensure that other features
of the product do not preclude the safe conduct of the evaluation requested. The DGCA
may required to repeat any such tests once the Type Design is fully defined to ensure that
subsequent changes have not adversely affected the conclusions from any earlier
evaluation.
ACI 21.35
Flight Tests (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.35
Detailed requirements and advisory material on flight testing are included in the
applicable airworthiness requirements and associated advisory material.
ACI 21.35 (b)(2)

Objective and Content of Function and Reliability Testing
(Interpretative Material and Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.35 (b)(2)
1 OBJECTIVE
The objective of this testing is to expose the aircraft to the variety of uses,
including training, that are likely to occur when in routine service to provide an
assurance that it performs its intended functions to the standard required for
certification and should continue to do so in service.
2 CONTENT OF FUNCTION AND RELIABILITY TESTING
The testing should cover both routine operations and some simulation of
abnormal conditions. The details of the programme should be agreed by the
DGCA prior to commencement of testing.
It may be possible to combine this testing with any required to show

compliance with the applicable airworthiness requirements. This will be agreed
on a case by case basis by the DGCA.
Where possible, testing conditions should be defined with the co-operation of

an operator.
A substantial proportion of the flying should be on a single aircraft. The flying
should be carried out to a continuous schedule on an aircraft that is very close
to the final certification standard, operated as though it were in service and
should include a range of representative ambient operating conditions and
airfields.
ACI 21.35 (f)(1)

Flying Time for Function and Reliability Testing (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.35(f)(1)
All flying carried out with engines and associated systems not significantly different from
the final Type Certificate standard may count towards the 300 hours airframe flight time
required
by CAR 21.35(f)(1). At least 150 of the 300 flying hours should be conducted on a
dedicated production configured aircraft. The requirement for 300 hours relevant flight
time whenever a new turbine engine is incorporated applies regardless of whether the
airframe/engine combination is subject to a new Type Certificate or is to be certificated
as a change to an existing Type Certificate.
ACI 21.35 (f)(2)

Flying Time for Function and Reliability Testing (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.35 (f)(2)
All flying carried out on an aircraft not significantly different from the final Type
Certificate standard may count towards the 150 hours airframe flight time required by
CAR 21.35(f)(2).
ACI 21.41
Type Certificate (Interpretive Material)
See CAR 21.41
“The applicable requirements with which the DGCA records compliance” are those
which are defined in CAR 21.17.
“Any other conditions or limitations prescribed for the product in the appropriate CAR”
is to be understood as referring to those CARs that are directly applicable to the product:
CAR-21 and, as applicable, JAR/FAR 23, 25, 27, 29, FAR33/JARE, FAR35/JARP… or
any other Technical Standard recognized by the DGCA. Possible future airworthiness
codes for other categories of products should be added to this list when they become
effective.
Other CARs, applicable to such activities as operations, maintenance, licensing and

training devices are not to be considered when establishing the conditions or limitations
that are included in the Type Certificate.
ACI – SUBPART D
ACI 21.93(B)
Major Changes: Application (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.93(b)
Identification of re-investigations necessary to show compliance does not mean the

showing of compliance itself, but the list of affected type design requirement paragraphs
for which a new demonstration is necessary, together with the means (calculation, test or
analysis) by which it is proposed to show compliance.
ACI 21.101
Advisory Material for the Establishment of the Certification Basis of Changed
Aeronautical Products
(See CAR 21.19 and CAR21.101)
1. PURPOSE
This ACI provides guidance for establishing the certification basis for changed
aeronautical products including identifying the conditions under which it will be
necessary to apply for a new type certificate. CAR 21.19 identifies the conditions under
which an applicant for a design change is required to make application for a new type
certificate. CAR 21.101 requires an applicant for a change to a type certificate to meet
the latest regulations except where the change is not significant, where areas of the
product are not affected, where it would be impractical, or where it would not contribute
materially to the level of the safety of the changed product. This ACI explains the
criteria of CAR 21.19 and 21.101, and their application.
This ACI and the methods illustrated in the appendices are guidance material. Each
project must be judged on its own merits when making the final determination of
impracticality or not contributing materially to the level of safety, as well as
determination of whether the change is not significant and the areas of the product not
affected. When establishing the applicable requirements for a changed product it is
appropriate to assess the service history of a product as well as the airworthiness
requirements that have been added or amended since the original certification basis of the
product. This procedure is equally applicable to changes for any type certificated
product, or, a change to a type certificate.
2. RELATED CAR PARAGRAPHS.
a. CAR 21.17 Designation of applicable requirements.
b. CAR 21.19 Changes requiring a new type certificate.
c. CAR 21.19 Classification of changes in type design.

d. CAR 21.101 Designation of applicable requirements.
3. EXPLANATION OF TERMINOLOGY
The following is a summary of the terminology used throughout this advisory material.
Further explanation of some of these terms can be found in paragraphs 6 and 7 below.
a. Certification Basis - The applicable airworthiness requirements of the Civil

Aviation Requirements established in CAR 21.17 and 21.101, as appropriate;
special conditions; equivalent level of safety findings; and exemptions applicable to
the product to be certified.
Note: This ACI is not intended for determining the applicable aircraft noise, fuel venting and
exhaust requirements for changed products.
b. Earlier Requirements - The requirements in effect prior to the date of application for
the change, but not prior to the Existing Certification Basis.
c. Existing Certification Basis - The requirements incorporated by reference in type

certificate of the product to be changed.
d. Extent of a Change - The magnitude of the product modification considering the

cumulative effect of the proposed design change with previously incorporated
changes that should be considered when determining the need to apply latest
requirements.
e. Latest Requirements - The requirements in effect on the date of application for the
change.
f. Significant Change - A change to the type certificate the extent of which is enough
to require consideration of the inclusion of the latest requirements in the certification
basis, but not to the extent to be considered a substantial change.
g. Substantial Change - A design change the extent of which is enough to require a

substantially complete investigation of compliance with the applicable
requirements, and consequently a new type certificate, in accordance with CAR 21.19.
4. BACKGROUND.
CAR 21.19 specifies changes that require a new type certificate. If a new type certificate
is required, CAR 21.17 specifies the applicable certification basis for the changed
product.
When an application for a new type certificate is not required by CAR 21.19, CAR
21.101 specifies the applicable certification basis for the changed product. These
paragraphs as previously written have led to varying interpretations of when a new type
certificate or latest requirements would be required. CAR 21.101, requires changed
products to comply with the requirements in effect on the date of application for the
change in all areas affected by the change, unless the DGCA accepts the applicant’s
justification for using earlier requirements.
5. EXTENT OF CHANGE.
Design changes inevitably vary in both complexity and magnitude so it is necessary for
each proposed changed product to be evaluated on a case by case basis, taking into
account previous changes and their certification bases. Incremental updates for
individual changes may be modest, however, the cumulative effect can be equivalent to
that of a significant or substantial design change.
In this context, the following factors need to be considered:
(1) The extent of changes to the requirements from those of the original
certification basis, and
(2) The extent to which the latest requirements have been addressed for
previous design changes.
The intent is to ensure that:
(1) When a product is developed, step by step, through a series of design

changes that are not substantial, that it achieves a level of safety similar
to that of a comparable new product, and
(2) When a significant design change is developed, state by step, through a
series of design changes that are not significant, that it achieves a level
of safety similar to that of a comparable single significant product
design change.
6. CHANGES REQUIRING A NEW TYPE CERTIFICATE (CAR 21.19)
CAR 21.19 requires that an applicant obtain a new type certificate for a changed product
if the change in design, power, thrust, or weight is so extensive that a substantially
complete investigation of compliance with the applicable requirements is required. A
new type certificate could be required for either an extensive change to a previously type
certificated product or for a new design derived through a series of design changes from a
previously type certificated product. The need to require a new type certificate may be
obvious when the change is first considered or may require a more extensive evaluation
through application of CAR 21.101.
A “substantially complete investigation” of compliance is required when most of the

existing substantiation is not applicable to the changed product. This applies to the scope
of the investigation required to establish compliance. For example, an extensive change
may negate the validity of extrapolation from, or use of, certain analysis or tests that were
used to show compliance of the original or previously type certificated product.
The question of whether a change is extensive enough to warrant a new type certificate
must be addressed at the beginning of the process. However, if at any point, while
developing the certification basis, it becomes clear that the proposed change is a
substantial change, the process ceases to be an amendment process under CAR-21
subpart D and becomes a new type certificate process under CAR-21 subpart B.
If it is not initially clear that a new type certificate is required, the examples in Appendix
1 to ACI 21.101 and the flowchart in Figure 1 may help to clarify whether or not one is
needed.
7. DESIGNATION OF THE APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS (CAR 21.101)
7.1 General. CAR 21.101 defines the procedures for establishing the certification
basis for changed products. It should be noted that minor changes, as defined in
CAR 21.91 are considered to have no appreciable effect on the airworthiness of
the product and would therefore allow compliance to be shown with the existing
certification basis. The CAR has determined that minor changes as defined by
CAR 21.91 are not significant changes because they have “no appreciable effect”
on airworthiness. Therefore compliance can be shown to the regulations
incorporated by reference in the existing certification basis.
7.2 Objective of CAR 21.101 (a). The intent of CAR 21.101 (a) is to enhance safety
through the incorporation of the latest requirements in the certification basis of
changed products. CAR 21.101 (a) requires that any changed type certificated
product must comply with the latest requirements. CAR 21.101 (a) allows for the
exceptions identified in CAR 21.101 (b) and (c) and the application of Special
Conditions in accordance with CAR 21.101 (d).
7.3 Objective of CAR 21.101 (b). CAR 21.101(b) and (c) provide for exceptions
from the requirement of CAR 21.101 (a) to meet the latest requirements for
design changes.
7.3.1 General.
CAR 21.101 (b) identifies conditions under which an applicant may show
that the changed product complies with an earlier amendment level or with
the existing certification basis and, therefore, would not be required to
comply with latest requirements. The earlier amendment level with which
the applicant intends to show compliance may not precede the
corresponding requirements in the existing certification basis. An applicant
may elect to show compliance with an earlier amendment level or with the
existing certification basis for changes that are not significant, areas not
affected by the change, and areas affected by the change for which
compliance with the latest requirements would not contribute materially to
the level of safety or would be impractical. It is incumbent on the applicant
to provide sufficient substantiation to allow the DGCA to determine the
appropriate certification basis.
Note: The DGCA may determine that a certain design change provides a large increase in
the level of safety but that the effort in demonstrating that 21.101 (b) applies might prove
prohibitive. In such cases, the DGCA can find, without the need for substantiation by the
applicant, that one of the exceptions in 21.101 (b) applies.
7.3.1 Changes that are not significant, CAR 21.101 (b) (1).
Not all changes are significant changes. Those changes not considered to be
significant may be certificated in accordance with earlier requirements,
which in this case would not precede those incorporated by reference in the
type certificate. Included in this category are changes that do not modify the
general characteristics of the product in that: (1) The general configuration
and the principles of construction are retained; and (2) The assumptions
used for
certification of the basic product remain valid and the results can be
extrapolated to cover the changed product. Minor changes as defined in
CAR 21.91 are considered not significant changes because they have “no
appreciable effect” on the airworthiness. Appendix 1 to ACI21.101
provides examples of changes that are not significant.
7.3.3 Unaffected Areas, CAR 21.101(b)(2).
It is important that the effects of the change are properly assessed. In areas
not affected by the change the applicant may use earlier requirements. The
characteristics affected by the change are not only physical changes. The
intent is to encompass all aspects where there is a need for re-evaluation,
that is where the substantiation presented for the product being changed
should be reviewed, updated or re-written.
a) Physical aspects. The physical aspects include, but are not limited to,
structures, systems, equipment, components and appliances (physical
aspects can cover both “hardware” and “software”). When evaluating the
physical aspects, it is necessary to make a distinction between the principal
changes such as a fuselage plug and the secondary changes such as
lengthening of the various aeroplane circuits as a result of the fuselage plug
(this would also apply to additional seats, overhead bins etc). These
secondary changes may normally be evaluated similarly to the unaffected
areas; however, care should be taken to ensure that affected areas are not
overlooked. For example, the installation of significantly more powerful
engines may mean that the aircraft rotor burst model has changed and
should be re-substantiated. Therefore, the latest requirements relative to this
issue would be considered.
b) Effects on characteristics. The less obvious aspect of the word “areas”
covers general characteristics of the aeroplane such as performance,
handling qualities, emergency provisions, fire protection, structural
integrity, aeroelastic characteristics, crashworthiness, etc. These
characteristics may be affected by a change. For example, adding a fuselage
plug could significantly affect performance and handling qualities.
7.3.4 Would not contribute materially to the level of safety or would be

impractical, CAR 21.101 (b) (3).
It is acceptable to show that demonstrating compliance with a particular
amendment level of a requirement would not contribute materially to the
level of safety or would be impractical.
a) Not contributing materially to the level of safety. Compliance with the

latest requirements could be considered “not to contribute materially to the
level of safety” if the change to type design and/or relevant experience
provides a level of safety comparable to that provided by the latest
requirements, or if compliance may compromise the existing level of safety
to that particular changed product. It is incumbent on the applicant to
provide sufficient substantiation to allow the DGCA to make this
determination. This exception could be applicable in the situations
described in the paragraph below.
1. Design. This provision gives the opportunity to consider the

consistency of design. For example, when a small fuselage plug is added,
additional seats and overhead bins are likely to be installed, and the lower
cargo hold extended. These additional seats, bins, extended lower deck
cargo and structural plug may be identical to the existing parts. Literally
applying the latest requirements only to the changed parts may not
contribute materially to the level of safety, as the entire design as modified
may not necessarily be any safer than the original design. It also may be
inappropriate to require compliance to the latest requirements for the entire
fuselage, seats, bins, doors and cargo holds. For this reasons, compliance of
the new fuselage structure, seats, bins and cargo hold area with the
requirements in effect when the original fuselage seats, bins and cargo hold
area were certified may be acceptable.
However, the extent of the fuselage change may be large relative to the
original structure, seats, bins, doors and cargo compartment certified, and/or
the change may require essentially a new compliance substantiation that is
comparable with that required for a new model aeroplane. Here, it would be
expected that the certification basis would encompass the requirements in
effect at the date of application for the entire fuselage, seats, bins, doors and
cargo hold.
In both examples above, it would be incumbent upon the applicant to show

that compliance with the latest requirements does not materially contribute
to the level of safety.
2. Service experience. This provision permits the use of relevant service

experience to support the use of the existing certification basis, where
compliance to the latest requirements would not contribute materially to the
level of safety. Appendix 2 to ACI 21.101 provides additional guidance on
the use of service experience, along with examples.
3. Other exceptions. Compliance with amended requirements would not be

required where the amendment is of an administrative nature and has been
made only to correct errors or omissions, consolidate text, clarify an existing
requirement, or for whatever reason other than addressing a safety issue.
b) Impractical. Compliance with the latest requirements may be

considered impractical if the applicant can substantiate that it would result in
additional resource requirements that are not commensurate with the safety
benefits. The additional resource requirements could include those arising
from design changes required for compliance and the effort required to
demonstrate compliance, but would not include resource expenditures for
prior product changes.
Substantiating data and analyses must support an applicant’s position that

compliance is impractical, and the DGCA must agree with this position. In
evaluating an applicant’s position and substantiating data regarding
practicality the DGCA may consider other factors (e.g. the costs and safety
benefits for a comparable new design).
A review of transport category projects showed that in certain cases where

an earlier amendment to applicable requirements was allowed, design
changes were made to nearly comply with the latest amendments. In these
cases the applicant successfully argued that full compliance would require a
substantial increase in the outlay of resources with a very small increase in
the level of safety. These cases reflect an appropriate application of
“impracticality” to a change product.
Determination of being impractical would not be necessary when the

applicant can show that compliance with the latest applicable requirements
for the extent of the change does not contribute materially to the level of
safety. Therefore, arguments that a product design change would be
impractical would be used, in most cases, where compliance with the latest
requirements would contribute materially to the level of safety, but that this
contribution may not be commensurate with the associated resource
expenditures.
7.4 Special Conditions, CAR 21.101(d). CAR 21.101(d) allows for the application of
special conditions, or for changes to existing special conditions, to address the
changed design. The objective is to achieve, for the changed product, a level of
safety consistent with that provided by the requirements in effect on the date of
application for the design change. The application of special conditions to a
design change is not in itself a reason for it to be classified as either a substantial
change or a significant change.
7.5 Effective period for an application to change a type certificate, CAR 21.101(e).
CAR 21.101(e) is intended to ensure that, at the time the changed product is
certificated, the latest requirements in the certification basis are not more than five
or three years out of date, as applicable. This is consistent with the requirements
of CAR 21.17 for a new type certificate.
8. FLOWCHART FOR ESTABLISHING THE CERTIFICATION BASIS
Figure 1 hereafter presents a flowchart showing the various aspects of CAR 21.19 and
21.101(a) and (b) as explained in this advisory material. In determining the appropriate
certification basis, the applicant should start with the latest requirements. For ease of use,
the flowchart is presented in a particular sequential order; however, the rule does not
prohibit other sequences.
FIGURE 1: ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CERTIFICATION BASIS FOR
CHANGED PRODUCT
Proposed Change to an
Aeronautical Product
21.91
Is this a
Substantial
Change?
YES
NO
21.101(a)
NO
21.101(b) (1)
Proposed change is to be Not Significant
considered significant
YES
21.101(b) (2) NO
Are other areas affected by Unaffected areas
the proposed change?
YES
21.101(b) (3)
Are new requirements
practical and /or enhancing
level of safety? NO
YES Impractical or
not contributing
21.19 materially to
Is this a substantial the level of safety
change?
YES
NO
New Type Latest Requirements Earlier Existing

Certificate requirements Certification
21.17 or Existing Basis
Certification
Basis
Figure 1
Appendix 1 to ACI 21.101
CLASSIFICATION OF CHANGES
1. INTRODUCTION
This Appendix is provided to assist in deciding what might be regarded as substantial,

significant or not significant product change as defined in the main text of this ACI.
Step 1: Identify the principal change(s)
A principal change is a summary description of the “aeroplane level” change, e.g.

increase to gross weight, fuselage stretch, new wing, APU, etc. The product may be
concurrently modified by a number of principal changes. Each principal change must be
identified to accurately assess the effect of the changes.
Step 2: Identify details of the change(s)
These are the specifics of the design change. The level of detail required is determined
by each affected requirement. The intent is to provide sufficient detail to assess if a
change is significant. A detail for the principal change of increased gross weight, for
example, may be a redesigned floor structure.
Step 3: Identify detail effects
As in Step 2, the level of detail required is determined by each affected requirement.

These effects describe “what happens” as a result of the detail changes in step 2. For
example an effect of increased gross weight may be redirected load paths or improved
floor load capacity.
Step 4: Identify requirements affected
Not all requirements are relevant to every change. Step 2 and Step 3 lead to the affected
requirements.
Step 5: Determine “Not significant”/”Significant” for the change
For the change, (in view of the detail changes and effects of the changes) determine if
the general configuration and the principles of construction are retained, and if the
assumptions used for certification of the product to be changed remain valid.
2. EXAMPLE OF THE PROCESS
The following example is not intended to identify all the details normally required but
sufficient detail to illustrate two alternative scenarios for the same principal change and
how each of the steps identified above work.
A manufacturer is seeking to increase the MTOW (Maximum Take Off Weight) to a
previously Type Certificated product.
Appendix 1 to ACI 21.101 (continued)
Step 1: Identify the principal change(s)
MTOW increase of XXX lb.
Step 2: Identify details of the change(s)
There are potential detail changes for more than structure, e.g. systems, propulsion,
landing gear, etc., for purposes of simplification the illustration will be restricted to some
of the structural implications.
Scenario A Same wing with increase gauges, etc.
Scenario B. Increase the span of the wing, requiring addition of centre

spar and integral skin and stringers
Step 3: Identify detail effects
Scenario A Improved strength, no performance or system effects
Scenario B. New loads, performance changes, damage tolerance
Step 4: Identify requirements affected
Scenario A FAR/JAR 25.571 and 25.307

Characteristics of concern: load paths, damage tolerance
capability.
Scenario B. Same as Scenario A
Step 5: Determine “Not significant”/”Significant” for the change
Scenario A. Assumptions of the existing aeroplane concerning load paths

and damage tolerance capability are still valid. The change is
not significant. Therefore, the existing amendment levels of
JAR/FAR 25.571 and 25.307 are acceptable.
Scenario B. Assumptions of the existing aeroplane concerning load paths

and damage tolerance capability are no longer valid. The
change is significant. Therefore, the latest amendment levels
of JAR/FAR 25.571 and 25.307 are required.
3. EXAMPLES OF SUBSTANTIAL, SIGNIFICANT, AND NOT
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
The terms “normally” and “typically” are used to indicate that judgement is required for
particular cases. The following examples are primarily for large aeroplanes. The
following are provided as examples only and the determination of significance will
depend on the actual project application. It is recognised that future amendments to the
airworthiness requirements may affects the validity of some of the examples.
a) Airframe Changes: Typically the following design changes taken in isolation could
be regarded as being significant:
- Fuselage length change
- Change to the wing sweepback of less than 10 degrees
- Landing gear configuration: change in the number of axles

change in the number of landing gear
- Passenger to freighter configuration conversion which involve:

the introduction of a cargo door
redesign of floor structure
new smoke and fire detection system
- The introduction of a cabin pressurization system
b) Flight Characteristics: A design change that is likely to alter the aircraft flight
characteristics, or performance from the type design would normally be significant.
c) Engines and Propellers: When there is a change in the number of engines on an

aeroplane, a new TC is likely to be required. However, a new type certificate may
not be required for a change to replace reciprocating engines with the same number of
turbo-propeller engines.
d) Materials: A change in the type of material, such as composites in place of metal,

for primary structure would normally be assessed as a significant change. Likewise, a
design change that introduces novel or unusual methods of construction for primary
structure, would normally be considered a significant change.
e) Weight: A change to the maximum take-off weight of less than 5% is not likely to be
regarded as a significant change.
f) Power or Thrust: A change in the rated power or thrust of less than 5% is not likely
to be regarded as significant.
i) If the change involves fewer engines, the change in power or thrust at a
particular engine location should also be considered as well as the
change in total power or thrust.
ii) If the additional power is used to enhance high altitude or hot day
performance then the change is not likely to be significant.
g) Systems: As a general guide, classification as substantial/significant/not significant

will depend upon:
- aeroplane capability enhancement

- new technologies employed
Both hardware and software issues should be considered when determining whether a
change is substantial, significant, or nor significant.
i) Flight Controls: A change in the flight control concept for an aircraft,

for example to fly by wire (FBW) and side-stick control, would in
isolation normally be regarded as a significant change. A design change
that alters the kinematics, dynamics, and appreciably alters the
configuration of the flight controls system could be substantial.
ii) Avionics: Examples of individual significant avionics changes are:

- A major flight deck update
- Introduction of autoland
Items not considered significant might include:

- An alternate autopilot
h) Cabin: Changes that affect the emergency egress capability of the aeroplane would
normally be significant. Examples would include types and number of emergency
exits or an increase in passenger capacity in excess of maximum passenger capacity
demonstrated for the aircraft type. A relocation of a galley may not be a significant
change.
i) Flight Crew: A change in flight crew numbers which necessitates a complete

cockpit re-arrangement and/or an increase in pilot workload would be a significant
change.
j) Operating Envelope/Capability: A marked expansion of an aircraft’s operating

envelope or operating capability would normally be a significant change.
Examples could include:

- An increase in maximum altitude,
- A change from an unpressurised to a pressurised cabin
- Approval for flight in known icing conditions
- An increase in airspeed limitations
k) APU Installation: Typically the introduction of an APU installation would be a

significant change.
As discussed in paragraph 6, cumulative effects of different significant changes can

lead to a classification of substantial.
Appendix 2 to ACI 21.101 – Reserved.

Appendix 3 to ACI 21.101
USE OF SERVICE EXPERIENCE IN ESTABLISHING THE CERTIFICATION
BASIS FOR A CHANGED PRODUCT
1. INTRODUCTION
CAR 21.101 (b)(3) provides an opportunity to utilise earlier amendments if it can be

substantiated that compliance with the latest requirements would not contribute
materially to the level of safety. Service experience may be utilised to support the
application of an earlier certification basis if the earlier certification basis in conjunction
with the applicable service experience and other compliance measures provides a level of
safety comparable to that provided by the latest requirements. It is incumbent on the
applicant to provide sufficient substantiation to allow the DGCA to make this
determination. A statistical approach may be used, subject to the availability and
relevance of data, however sound engineering judgement must be used. For service
history to be acceptable, the data must be both sufficient and pertinent.
The essentials of the process involve:
a) A clear understanding of the requirement change and the purpose for the change;
b) A determination based on detailed knowledge of the proposed design feature; and
c) The availability of pertinent and sufficient service experience data.
d) A comprehensive review of that service experience data.
2. GUIDELINES
The Issue Paper (IP) procedure would be used and the applicant should provide
documentation to support the following:
a) The identification of the differences between the requirement in the existing basis and
the requirement as amended, and the effect of the change in the requirement.
b) A description as to what aspect of the latest requirements the proposed changed

product would not meet.
c) Evidence showing that the proposed certification basis for the changed product,
together with applicable service experience, provides a level of safety consistent with
complying with the latest requirements.
d) A description of the design feature and its intended function.
e) Data for the product pertinent to the requirement:

(i) Service experience from such sources as the following:
- Accident Reports
- Incident Reports
- Service Bulletins
- Airworthiness Directives
- Repairs
- Modifications
- Flight hours/cycles for fleet leader and total fleet
- World Airline Accident Summary (WAAS) Data
- Service Difficulty Reports
- Accident Investigation Report
(ii) Show that the data presented represents all relevant service experience for the
product, including the results of any operator surveys, and is comprehensive
enough to be representative.
(iii) Show that the service experience is relevant to the issue.
(iv) Identification and evaluation of each of the main areas of concern, with regard
to:
- recurring and/or common failure modes

- cause
- probability, by qualitative reasoning
- measures already taken and their effects.
(v) Relevant data pertaining to aircraft of similar design and construction may be
included.
(vi) Evaluation of failure modes and consequences through analytical processes.

The analytical processes should be supported by:
- A review of previous test results; and

- Additional detailed testing.
f) A conclusion that draws together the data and the rationale.
These guidelines are not intended to be limiting, either in setting required minimum
elements or in precluding alternative forms of submission. Each case may be different,
based on the particulars of the system being examined and the requirement to be
addressed.
ACI – SUBPART G
ACI 21. 131
Applicability - Applicable design data (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.131
Applicable design data is defined as all necessary drawings, specifications and other
technical information provided by the applicant for, or holder of a Design Organisation
Approval, TC, ITSO (or equivalent when, in accordance with CAR 21.1(a)(2)(i), Subpart
G is used for production of products, parts or appliances, the design of which has been
approved other than according to CAR-21) and released in a controlled manner to a
Production Organisation Approval Holder. This should be sufficient for the development
of production data to enable repeatable manufacture to take place in conformity with the
design data.
Prior to issue of the TC or ITSO Authorisation, or equivalent, by the DGCA, design data
is defined as ‘not approved’ but parts and appliances may be released with a DGCA Form
21-1 as a certificate of conformity.
After issue of the TC or ITSO Authorisation, or equivalent, by the DGCA, this design
data is defined as ‘approved’ and items manufactured in conformity are eligible for
release on a DGCA Form 21-1 for airworthiness purposes.
ACI 21. 133(a)

Eligibility – Approval appropriate for showing conformity (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.133
‘Appropriate’ should be understood as follows:
• The Applicant produces or intends to produce civil aviation products, parts and/or
appliances intended for airborne use as part of a type certificated product (this
excludes simulators, ground equipment and tools).
• The applicant will be required to show a need for an approval, normally based on
one or more of the following criteria:
1. Production of aircraft, engines or propellers.
2. Production of ITSO articles.
3. Direct delivery to users such as owners or operators maintenance organisations

with the need for exercising the privileges of issuing Authorised Release
Certificates – DGCA Form 21-1.
4. Participation in an international co-operation program where working under an

approval is considered necessary by the DGCA.
5. Criticality and technology involved in the part/appliance being manufactured.
Approval in this case may be found by the DGCA as the best tool to exercise its
duty in relation to airworthiness control.
ACI 21. 133(a) (continued)
6. Where an approval is determined by the DGCA to be advantageous. E.g. in the

case of a parts manufacturer supplying many different product manufacturers.
Note 1: As regards 4,5, and 6 above it is not the intent of the DGCA to issue approvals to manufacturing
firms that perform only sub-contract work for main manufacturers of products and are consequently
placed under their direct surveillance.
Note 2: Where standard parts, materials; processes or

services are included in the applicable design data (see
guidance on applicable design data in ACI 21.131) their
standards should be controlled by the POA holder in a
manner which is satisfactory for the final use of the item on
the product, part or appliance. Accordingly, the
manufacturer or provider of the following will not at
present be considered for production organisation
approval:
• Consumable materials
• Standard parts
• Parts identified in the product support documentation as ‘industry supply’ or ‘no hazard’
• Raw materials
• Non-destructive testing or inspection
• Process (heat treatment, surface finishing, shot peeing etc)
ACI 21. 133(b)

Eligibility-Link between Design and Production Organisations (Acceptable Means
of Compliance)
See CAR 21.133
An arrangement is considered suitable if it is documented and satisfies the DGCA that

co-ordination is satisfactory.
To achieve satisfactory coordination the documented arrangements should at least define

the following aspects irrespective of whether the two organisations are separate legal
entities or not;
• The responsibilities of a Design Organisation which assure correct and timely

transfer of up-to-date airworthiness data (eg drawings, material specifications,
dimensional data, processes, surface treatments, shipping conditions, quality
requirements, etc…);
• The responsibilities and procedures of a POA holder/applicant for developing,

where applicable, its own manufacturing data in compliance with the airworthiness data
package.
• The responsibilities of a POA holder/applicant to assist the Design Organisation

in dealing with continuing airworthiness matters and for required actions
(e.g. traceability of parts in case of direct shipment to users, retrofitting of
modifications, traceability of processes’ outputs and approved deviations for
individual parts as applicable, technical information and assistance, etc…);
ACI 21. 133(b) (continued)
• The scope of the arrangements should cover the following Subpart G

requirements and associated ACI in particular: CAR 21.145 (b), CAR 21.165 (c), (e)
& (f).
• The responsibilities of a POA holder/applicant, in case of products prior to type

certification to assist a Design Organisation in showing compliance with
airworthiness requirements (access and suitability of production and test facilities
for manufacturing and testing of prototype models and test specimen);
• The procedures to deal adequately with production deviations and non

conforming parts;
• The procedures and associated responsibilities to achieve adequate configuration

control of manufactured parts, to enable the production organisation to make the
final determination and identification for conformity or airworthiness release
and eligibility status;
• The identification of the responsible persons/offices who control the above.
• The arrangement should cover the TC/ITSO Holder acknowledgement that the
approved design data provided, controlled and modified in accordance with the
arrangement are recognised as approved by the primary certification authority and
therefore the parts and appliances manufactured in accordance with these data and
found in condition for safe operation may be released certifying airworthiness.
When the design and production organisations are two separate legal entities a Direct
Delivery Authorisation should be available for direct shipment to end users in order to
guarantee continued airworthiness control of the released parts and appliances.
Where there is no general agreement for Direct Delivery Authorisation, specific
permissions may be granted (refer to ACI 21.4 for an acceptable format).
Note: When there are specific importing requirements which are not met by the design data approved by
the
DGCA, the design organisation should ensure approval of the associated data by the Authority of
the importing country.
ACI 21. 134

Application – Application form and manner (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.134
This ACI sets an acceptable means but not the only means to show compliance with CAR
21.134.
DGCA Form 21-50 should be obtained from the DGCA and completed by the Manager
Accountable.
The completed form, an outline of the Production Organisation Exposition, and details of
the proposed terms of approval are to be forwarded to the DGCA.
ACI No. 1 to 21. 139(a)
Quality System (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.139
The quality system is an organisational structure with responsibilities, procedures,

processes and resources, which implement a management function to determine and
enforce quality principles.
The quality system should be documented in such a way that the

documentation/description can be made easily available to personnel who need to use the
material for performing their normal duties, in particular:-
• Procedures, instructions, data to cover the issues of CAR 21 Appendix B are
available in a written form,
• Distribution of relevant procedures to offices/persons is made in a controlled
manner,
• Procedures which identify persons responsible for the prescribed actions are
established,
• The updating process is clearly described.
The manager responsible for ensuring that the quality system is implemented and
maintained should be identified.
The DGCA will verify on the basis of the exposition and by appropriate investigations
that the Production organisation has established and can maintain their documented
quality system.
ACI No. 2 to 21. 139 (a)

Quality System – Conformity of supplied parts or appliances (Interpretative
Material)
See CAR 21.139
The POA holder is responsible for determining and applying acceptance standards for
physical condition, configuration status and conformity of supplied parts or appliances
(other than complete products and ITSO appliances), whether to be used in production or
delivered to customers as spare parts. This responsibility also includes BFE (Buyer
Furnished Equipment) item.
To discharge this responsibility the quality system needs an organisational structure and
procedures to adequately control external suppliers.
Control can be based upon use of the following techniques (as appropriate to the system
or product orientation necessary to ensure conformity).
• Qualification and auditing of supplier’s quality system,

• Evaluation of supplier capability in performing all manufacturing activities,
inspections and tests necessary to establish conformity of parts or appliances to
type design,
• First article inspection, including destruction if necessary, to verify that the article
conforms to the applicable data for new production line or new supplier,
ACI No. 2 to 21. 139 (a) (continued)
• Incoming inspections and tests of supplied parts or appliances that can be

satisfactorily inspected on receipt,
• Identification of incoming documentation and data relevant to the showing of

conformity to be included in the certification documents,
• A vendor rating system which gives confidence in the performance and reliability
of this supplier,
• Any additional work, tests or inspection which may be needed for parts or
appliances which are to be delivered as spare parts and which are not subjected to
the checks normally provided by subsequent production or inspection stages.
The POA holder can rely on inspection/tests performed by supplier if he can establish
that:
• Personnel responsible in charge of these tasks satisfy the competency standards of

the POA quality system,
• Quality measurements are clearly identified,
• The records or reports showing evidence of conformity are available for review
and audit.
The control of suppliers holding a POA for the parts or appliances to be supplied can be
reduced, to a level at which a satisfactory interface between the two quality systems can
be demonstrated. Thus, for the purpose of showing conformity, a POA holder can rely
upon documentation for parts or appliances released under a supplier CAR 21.163
privileges.
A supplier who does not hold a POA is considered as a sub-contractor under the direct
control of the POA quality system.
The POA holder retains direct responsibility for inspections/tests carried out either at his
own facilities or at supplier’s facilities.
Where a supplier does not hold a DGCA POA and is located outside India, the POA
holder may be relieved of some burden in administering supplier surveillance if:
• The supplier holds a production approval or its equivalent from its national
authority and can provide airworthiness release certification, and;
• A bilateral arrangement on production matters exists between the DGCA and the
foreign authority concerned, and;
• The parts to be supplied are included in the scope of Approval and are subject to
the surveillance of that national Authority.
ACI 21. 139(b)(1)
Quality System – Elements of the quality system (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.139
The control procedures covering the elements in CAR 21 Appendix B should document
the standards to which the production organisation intends to work.
An organisation having a Quality system designed to meet a recognised standard such as

ISO 9002 (relevant to the scope of approval being requested) will need to expand it to
include at least the following additional topics, as appropriate, in order show compliance
with the requirements of this Subpart G;
• Mandatory Occurrence Reporting and continued airworthiness as required by
CAR 21.165(e)
• Control of work occasionally performed (outside the POA facility by POA
personnel)
• Co-ordination with the applicant for, or holder of, an approved design as required
by 21.133(b) and 21.165(f).
• Issue of certifications within the scope of approval for the privileges of CAR
21.163
• Incorporation of airworthiness data in production and inspection data as required
in CAR 21.133 (b) and CAR 21.145 (b).
• When applicable, ground test and/or production flight test of products in
accordance with procedures defined by the applicant/holder of the design approval.
• Procedures for traceability including a definition of clear criteria of which items
need such traceability. Traceability is defined as a means of establishing the origin of
an article by reference to historical records for the purpose of providing evidence of
conformity.
• Personnel training and qualification procedures specially for certifying staff as
required in CAR 21.145 (d).
Note: The DGCA will still need to be satisfied that compliance with Subpart G is established.
ACI No. 1 to 21. 139 (b) (2)
Quality System – Independent quality assurance function (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.139
The quality assurance function which is part of the organisation is required to be

independent from the functions being monitored. This required independence relates to
the lines of reporting, authority and access within the organisational and assumes an
ability to work without technical reliance on the monitored functions.
In this requirement adequacy of the procedures means that the quality assurance function
is satisfied that the quality system is capable of meeting the conformity objectives as
identified in CAR 21.139 (a).
ACI No. 2 to 21. 139 (b) (2)

Quality System – Adequacy of procedures and monitoring function (Interpretative
Material)
See CAR 21.139
Adequacy of procedures means that the quality system, through the use of the procedures
as set forth, is capable of meeting the conformity objectives identified in CAR 21.139 (a).
The quality assurance function to ensure the above should perform planned continuing
and systematic evaluations or audits of factors that affect the conformity (and, where
required, safe operation) of the products, parts and appliances to the applicable design.
The evaluation would normally include all elements of the quality system in order to
show compliance with Subpart G.
ACI 21. 143

Exposition – Production organisation Exposition (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.143
The purpose of the POE is to set forth in a concise document format the organisational
relationships, responsibilities, terms of reference, and associated authority, procedures,
means and methods of the organisation.
The information to be provided is specified in Appendix A. Where this information is

documented and integrated in manuals, procedures and instruction, the POE should
provide a summary of the information and an appropriate cross-reference.
The Authority requires the POE to be an accurate definition and description of the
production organisation. The document does not require approval in itself, but it will be
considered as such by virtue of the approval of the organisation.
When changes to the organisation occur, the POE is required to be kept up to date per a
procedure, laid down in the POE. Significant changes to the organisation (as defined in
ACI 21.147 (a) ) should be approved by the DGCA prior to update of POE.
When an organisation is approved against any other CAR containing a requirement for an
exposition, a supplement covering the difference may suffice to meet the requirements of
Subpart G except that the supplement should have an index identifying where those parts
missing form the supplement are covered. Those items then formally become part of the
POE. In any combined documents the POE should be easily identifiable.
ACI 21. 145 (a)
Approval Requirements (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.145
A facility is a working area where the working conditions and the environment are
controlled as appropriate in respect of: cleanliness, temperature, humidity, ventilation,
lighting, space/access, noise, air pollution.
Equipment and tools should be such as to enable all specified tasks to be accomplished in
a repeatable manner without detrimental effect. Calibration control of equipment and
tools which affect critical dimensions and values must show compliance with, and be
traceable to, national or international standards.
Sufficient personnel means that the Organisation has for each function according to the
nature of the work and the production rate, a sufficient quantity of qualified personnel to
accomplish all specified manufacturing tasks and to attest the conformity. Their number
should be such that airworthiness consideration may be applied in all areas without undue
pressures.
An evaluation of the competence of personnel is performed as part of the quality system.
When required by DGCA regulation, a specific qualification standard has to be

implemented for example NDT, welding, etc.
Training should be organised to establish and maintain the personal competence levels
determined by the organisation to be necessary.
ACI 21. 145 (b) (1)

Approval Requirements - Airworthiness data (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.145
Examples of required data are:
For the data provided by the DGCA; CAR-21 and the associated ACIs, information and
guidance documents, airworthiness directives, etc.
ACI 21. 145 (b) (2)

Approval Requirements - Airworthiness/production data procedures (Interpretative
Material)
See CAR 21.145
1. When a POA holder/applicant is developing its own manufacturing date, such as
compute base date, from the design date package delivered by a Design
Organisation,
procedures are required to demonstrate the right transcription of the original
design date.
ACI 21. 145 (b) (2) (continued)
2. Procedures are required to define the manner in which airworthiness data is used
to issue and update the production/quality date, which determines the conformity
of products, parts and appliances. The procedure must also define the traceability
of such date to each individual product, part or appliance for the purpose of
certifying condition for safe operation and issuing a Statement of
Conformity/Release Certificate DGCA Form 21-1 .
ACI 21. 145 (c) (1)

Approval Requirements - Manager Accountable (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.145
Manager Accountable means the Manager who is responsible, and has corporate
authority for ensuring that all production work is carried out to the required standard.
The authority may be delegated in writing to another person in the organisation, such
person then becoming the manager for the purpose of CAR 21. 145(c) (1).
The Manager is responsible for ensuring that all necessary resources are available and
properly used in order to produce under the production approval in accordance with
CAR-21 Subpart G.
The Manager needs to have sufficient knowledge and authority to enable him to respond
to the DGCA regarding major issues of the production approval and implement necessary
improvements.
The Manager needs to be able to demonstrate that he is fully aware of and supports the
quality policy and maintains adequate links with the Quality Manager.
ACI 21. 145 (c) (2)

Approval Requirements - Responsible Managers (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.145
The person or persons nominated should represent the management structure of the
organisation and be responsible for all functions as specified in CAR –21 Subpart G. It,
therefore, follows that, depending on the size of the CAR –21 Subpart G organisation, the
functions may be subdivided under individual Managers (and in fact may be further
subdivided) or combined in a variety of ways.
The Authority requires the nominated Managers to be identified and their credentials
submitted on DGCA Form 21-4 to the DGCA in order that they may be seen to be
appropriate in terms of relevant knowledge and satisfactory experience related to the
nature of the production activities as performed by the CAR –21 Subpart G organisation.
The responsibilities and the tasks of each individual Manager are required to be clearly
defined, in order to prevent uncertainties about the relations, within the organisation. In
the case of organisation structures where staff-members are responsible to more than one
person, as for instance in matrix and project organisations, responsibilities of the
Managers should be defined in such a way that all responsibilities are covered.
ACI 21. 145 (c) (2) (continued)

Where a CAR-21 Subpart G organisation chooses to appoint Managers for all or any
combination of the identified CAR-21 functions because of the size of the undertaking, it
is necessary that these Managers report ultimately to the Manager Accountable. In cases
where a Manager does not directly report to the Manager Accountable, he should have a
formally established direct access to the Manager Accountable.
One such Manager, normally known as the Quality Manager is responsible for
monitoring the organisation’s compliance with CAR –21 Subpart G and requesting
remedial action as necessary by the other Managers or the Manager Accountable as
appropriate. He should have a direct link with the Manager Accountable.
ACI 21. 145 (d) (1)

Approval Requirements - Certifying staff (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.145
1. Certifying Staff are nominated for DGCA approval by the Production

Organisation to ensure that Products, Parts and Appliances qualify for
Statements of Conformity or Release Certificates. Certifying Staff position
and numbers are to be appropriate to the complexity of the product and
production rate.
2. The qualification of certifying staff is based on their knowledge, background

and experience and a specific training (or testing) established by the
organisation to ensure that it is appropriate to the product, part, or appliance to
be released.
3. Training should be given to develop a satisfactory level of knowledge of

organisation procedures, aviation legislation, and DGCA Regulations, relevant
to the particular role.
4. For that purpose, in addition to general training policy, the organisation

should define its own standards for training, including pre-qualification
standards, for personnel to be nominated as certifying staff.
5. Training policy is part of the Quality System and its appropriateness forms
part of investigation by the DGCA within the Organisation approval process
and subsequent surveillance of persons proposed by managers.
6. The training should be changed in response to experience gained and changes

in technology.
7. A feedback system to ascertain that the required standards are being
maintained should be put in place to ensure the continuing compliance of
personnel to authorisation requirements.
8. For release of products, parts or appliances, the responsibilities to issue

statements of conformity/release certificates DGCA Form 21-1 should be
allocated to the certifying staff identified in CAR 21.145 (d) (2).
9. The DGCA holds the right to reject those personnel, nominated by the
Organisation, if found to have inappropriate experience or not to otherwise
comply with its requirements.
ACI 21. 145 (d) (2)
Approval Requirements - Records of certifying staff (Acceptable Means of
Compliance)
See CAR 21.145
1 The following is the minimum information to be recorded in respect of each

certifying person:
a. Name
b. Date of Birth
c. Basic Training and standard attained
d. Specific Training and standard attained
e. If appropriate – Continuation Training
f. Experience
g. Scope of the authorisation
h. Date of first issue of the authorisation
i. If appropriate – expiry date of the authorisation
j. Identification Number of the authorisation
2 The record may be kept in any format and should be controlled by an internal
procedure of the Organisation. This procedure forms part of the quality
system.
3 Persons authorised to access the system should be maintained at a minimum to

ensure that records cannot be altered in an unauthorized manner and that
confidential records cannot become accessible to unauthorised persons.
4 The certifying person should be given reasonable access on request to his/her

own records.
5 Under the provision of CAR 21.157 the DGCA has a right of access to the
data held in such a system.
6 The organisation should keep the record for at least two years after the
certifying person has ceased employment with the organisation or withdrawal
of the authorisation, whichever is the sooner.
ACI 21. 145 (b) (3)
Approval Requirements - Evidence of authorisation (Acceptable Means of
Compliance)
See CAR 21.145
1 The authorisation document should be in a style that makes its scope clear to
certifying staff and any authorised person that may require to examine the
document. Where codes are used to define scope, an interpretation document
should be readily available.
2 Certifying staff are not required to carry the authorisation document at all
times but should be able to make it available within a reasonable time of a
request from an authorised person. Authorised persons include the DGCA.
ACI 21. 147 (a)

Changes to the Approved Production Organisation – Significant changes
(Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.147
Changes to be approved by the DGCA include:
• Significant changes to production capacity or methods.

• Changes in the organisation structure especially those parts of the organisation in
charge of quality.
• A change of the manager accountable or of any other manager nominated
according to CAR 21.145 (c) (2).
• Changes in the production or quality systems that may have an important impact
on the conformity/airworthiness of each product, part or appliance.
• Changes in the placement or control of significant sub-contracted work or
supplied parts.
Note 1: To ensure that changes do not result in non-compliance with Subpart G it is in the interest of
the both the DGCA and the approval holder to establish a relationship and exchange information
that will permit the necessary evaluation work to be conducted before the implementation of a
change. This relationship should also permit agreement on the need for variation of the terms of
approval (ref
Appendix A Item (i))
Note 2: Where a change of name or ownership results in the issue of a new approval the investigation
will normally take account of the DGCA’s knowledge and information from the preceding
approval.
Note 3: Changes of location are addressed in CAR 21.148 and changes of ownership in CAR 21.149
change of scope of approval in CAR 21.153.
ACI 21. 148

Changes in Location – Management during change of location (Acceptable Means of
Compliance)
See CAR 21.148
1. The relocation of any work, to an unapproved location, or a location with

inappropriate scope of approval, constitutes a change of significance to the
Organisation and requires approval by the DGCA as prescribed in CAR 21.147.
An unapproved relocation will invalidate the Production Organisation Approval,
and may necessitate re-application for any similar approval required at the new
location. However, suitable transitional arrangements may be agreed with the
DGCA, in advance of the relocation, which can allow continuation of the
approval.
2 When an organisation expands its facility to include a new production location or

moves parts of its production to a new location the Production Organisation
Approval can continue in force, but the Approval does not include the new
location until the DGCA has indicated its satisfaction with the arrangements.
3 For a change in location, taking an extended period of time, suitable transitional

arrangements would require preparation of a co-ordination plan for the removal.
The plan should, at least, identify the following;
ACI 21. 148 (continued)

a. A clearly identified person, or group of persons, responsible for co-
ordinating the removal and acting as focal point for communication with
all parties, including the DGCA.
b. The basis of the co-ordination plan e.g. whether by product or area.
c. Planned timing of each phase of relocation.
d. Arrangements for maintaining the standards of the approval up to the

point where the production area is closed down.
e. Arrangements for verifying continued production quality upon

resumption of
work at the new location.
f. Arrangements for check and/or re-calibration of inspection aids or

production tools and jigs before resuming production.
g. Procedures which ensure that goods are not released from the new
location until their associated production and quality systems have been verified.
h. Arrangements for keeping the DGCA informed of progress with the
relocation.
4 From the co-ordination plan, the DGCA can determine the points at which it
wishes to conduct investigation.
5. If an agreed co-ordination plan is in operation, the DGCA will normally allow the
existing approval to remain in force and will, where appropriate, grant an
additional approval to cover the new address for the duration of the move
ACI 21. 149

Transferability (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.149
Transfer of approval would normally only be agreed in cases where the ownership
changes but the Organisation itself remains effectively unchanged. For example:
An acceptable transfer situation could be change of company name but with no changes
to site address, facilities, type of work, staff, Manager Accountable or Manager
nominated in accordance with CAR 21.145
Alternatively, in the event of receivership (bankruptcy, insolvency or other equivalent

legal process) there may be good technical justification for continuation of the approval
provided that the company continues to function in a satisfactory manner in accordance
with their POE. It is likely that at a later stage the approval might be voluntarily
surrendered or the organisation transferred to new owners in which case the former
paragraphs apply. If it does not continue to operate satisfactorily then the DGCA could
suspend or revoke the approval under CAR 21.159 (b).

In order for the DGCA to agree to a transfer of approval, it will normally prescribe it as a
condition in accordance with CAR 21.147 (b) that the duties and responsibilities of the
former organisation should be transferred to the new organisation, otherwise transfer is
not possible and application for a new approval will be required.
ACI 21. 151

Terms of Approval – Scope and categories (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.151
Terms of Approval documents(s) will be issued by the DGCA under CAR 21.135 to
identify the scope of work, the products, and/or categories for which the holder is entitled
to exercise the privileges defined in CAR 21.163.
The codes shown against each scope of work item are intended for use by the DGCA for
purposes such as managing, administering and filling details of approvals. It may also
assist in the production and publication of a list of approval holders.
The scope of work, the Products, Parts or Appliances will be described by the DGCA as
follows;
FOR PRODUCTS:
1 General area, similar to the titles of the corresponding certification codes.
2 Type of Product, in accordance with the Type Certificate.
FOR PARTS AND APPLIANCES:
1 General area, showing the expertise, e.g. mechanical, metallic structure.
2 Generic Type, e.g. wing, landing gear, tyres.
SCOPE OF WORK PRODUCTS/CATEGORIES

A1 Large Aeroplanes State Type
A2 Small Aeroplanes ”
A3 Large Helicopters ”
A4 Small Helicopters ”
B1 Turbine Engines ”
B2 Piston Engines ”
B3 APU’s ”
B4 Propellers ”
C1 Appliances: State Appliance generic types
(e.g. Tyres, Altimeter, etc)
Examples include:
Avionic, Com/Nav/Pulse
Computer System,
Aircraft/Engine/Avionic
Instruments, Mechanical/Electrical/
Gyroscopic/Electronic
Mechanical/Hydraulic/Pneumatic
C2 Parts State part generic types
(e.g. Wing, Landing Gear, etc.)
Examples include:
Structural, Metallic/non-metallic
Mechanical/Hydraulic/Pneumatic
Electrical Electronic
D1 Maintenance State aircraft types
ACI 21.153
Changes to the Terms of Approval – Application for a change to the Terms of
Approval (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.153
“In a form and manner” means that DGCA Form 21-51 should be obtained from the
DGCA and completed in accordance with the procedures of the POE.
The information entered on the form is the minimum required by the DGCA to assess the
need for change of the Production Organisation Approval.
The completed form and an outline of the changed Production Organisation Exposition,
and details of the proposed change to POA Terms of Approval are to be forwarded to the
DGCA.
ACI 21.157
Investigations – Arrangements (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.157
The arrangements made by the applicant for, or holder of CAR-21 Subpart G Approval
should allow the DGCA to make investigations that include the complete Production
Organisation including partners, sub-contractors and suppliers, whether they are in India
or not.
The investigation may include; audits, enquiries, questions, discussions and explanations,
monitoring, witnessing, inspections, checks, flight and ground tests and inspection of
completed products, parts or appliances produced under the POA.
In order to maintain its confidence in the standards achieved by a POA holder or
applicant the DGCA may make an investigation of a sample product part or appliance
and its associated records, reports and certifications.

The arrangements should enable the organisation to give positive assistance to the DGCA
and co-operate in performing the investigation during both initial assessment and for the
subsequent surveillance to maintain the POA.
Co-operation in performing investigation means that the DGCA has been given full and
free access to the facilities and to any information relevant to show compliance to CAR
21 Subpart G requirements, and assistance (personnel support, records, reports, computer
data, etc, as necessary).
Assistance to the DGCA includes all appropriate means associated with the facilities of
the Production Organisation to allow the DGCA to perform these investigations, such as
the availability of a meeting room, office and personnel support, documentation and data,
and communication facilities, all properly and promptly available as necessary.
The DGCA seeks to have an open relationship with the organisation and suitable liaison
personnel should be nominated to facilities this, including suitable representative(s) to
accompany DGCA staff during visits not only at the organisations own facilities but also
at sub-contractors, partners or suppliers.
ACI 21.159(a)
Duration (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.159
1 GENERAL
a. Production Organisation Approval in accordance with CAR-21, Subpart
G will be issued as an approval with a termination date which requires re-
issue or validation at the end of each term based upon re-assessment, by the
DGCA, of the organisation’s compliance with Requirements,
b. Restriction, Surrender, Suspensions or Revocations of Approval will

always be actioned in such a way as to comply with any Indian laws or
regulations
relating to appeal rights and the conduct of appeals.
2 RESTRICTION is temporary withdrawal of some of the privileges of a POA

under CAR 21.163.
3 SURRENDER is a permanent cancellation of a Production Organisation Approval

by the DGCA upon formal written request by the Manager Accountable of the
organisation concerned. The organisation effectively relinquishes its rights and
privileges granted under the approval and, after cancellation, may not make
certifications invoking the Approval and must remove all references to the
Approval
from its company documentation.
4 SUSPENSION is temporary withdrawal of a Production Organisation Approval

under CAR 21.163. The Approval remains valid but NO certifications invoking the
Approval may be made while the suspension is in force. Approval may be re-
instated
when the circumstances causing the suspension are corrected and the organisation
once again can demonstrate full compliance with the Requirements.
ACI 21.159(a) (continued)
5 REVOCATION is a permanent and enforced cancellation of the whole of an
Approval by the DGCA. All rights of the Organisation under the Approval are
withdrawn and, after Revocation, the organisation may not make any
certifications or
other statements invoking the Approval and must remove all references to the
Approval from its company documentation.
ACI 21.159(b)(3)
Duration – Evidence of a lack of satisfactory control (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.159
A positive finding by the DGCA of:
1 an uncontrolled non-compliance with Type Design data affecting the

airworthiness of product, part or appliance
2 an incident/accident identified as caused by POA Holder
3 non-compliance with the POE and its associated procedures that could affect
conformity of manufactured items to design data
4 insufficient competence of certifying staff
5 insufficient resources in respect of facilities, tools and equipment
6 insufficient means to ensure good production work standards
7 a lack of effective and timely response to prevent a recurrence of any of 1 to 6

above.
ACI 21.163
Terms of Approval – Maintenance (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.163
The applicant may request Terms of Approval, which cover maintenance of a new
aircraft that he has manufactured, as necessary to keep it in an airworthy condition, but
not beyond the time at which Commercial Flight Operations (CAR Section 6) requires
maintenance to be performed by an Approved Maintenance Organisation. If the
Production Organisation intends to maintain the aircraft beyond that point, it would have
to apply for and obtain an appropriate maintenance approval.
ACI 21.163 (a)

Privileges – Statement of Conformity (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.163 (a)
1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
The purpose of the Aircraft Statement of Conformity is to enable the holder of an

appropriate CAR-21 Production Organisation Approval make application for an
individual aircraft Certificate of Airworthiness (Standard or Export) from the DGCA.
2 GENERAL
The Statement of Conformity should comply with the format attached including block
numbers in that each block must be located as per the layout. The size of each block may
however be varied to suit the individual application, but not the extent that would make
the Statement of Conformity unrecognizable. If in doubt consult your DGCA Regional
Office.
The Statement of Conformity should either be pre-printed or computer generated but in

either case the printing of lines and characters must be clear and legible. Pre-printed
wording is permitted in accordance with the attached model but no other certification
statements are permitted.
Completion of the Statement of Conformity should be in ‘English’. Completion may be

either machine/computer printed or hand-written using block letters to permit easy
reading.
A copy of the Statement and all referenced attachments are to be retained by the
approved production organisation.
3. COMPLETION OF THE STATEMENT OF CONFORMITY BY THE

ORIGINATOR
There should be an entry in all blocks to make the document a valid statement acceptable
to the DGCA.
Note 1: The Statement of Conformity document should be identified as DGCA Form 21-52.
Note 2: The Statement of Conformity may only be presented by an organisation approved to

CAR-21 Subpart G and within that scope of approval.
Note 3: A statement of Conformity may not be presented to the DGCA unless the design of the
aircraft and its installed products are approved.
AIRCRAFT STATEMENT OF CONFORMITY
1 INDIA 2 DIRECTOR GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION 3 STATEMENT REF NO
4 ORGANISATION
5 AIRCRAFT TYPE 6 TYPE CERTIFICATE REFS:
7 AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION OR MARK 8 BUILDERS IDENTIFICATION NO
9 ENGINE/PROPELLER DETAILS*
10 MODIFICATIONS AND/OR SERVICE BULLETINS*
11 AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
12 CONCESSIONS
13 EXEMPTIONS, WAIVERS OR DEROGATIONS*
14 REMARKS
15 CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS
16 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
17 STATEMENT OF CONFORMITY
It is hereby certified that this aircraft confirms fully to the type certificated design and to the items
above in boxes 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
The aircraft is in a condition of safe operation.
The aircraft has been satisfactorily tested in flight.
18 SIGNED 19 NAME 20 DATE (DAY, MONTH, YEAR)
21 PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL REFERENCE
*Delete as applicable
DGCA Form21-52
ACI 21.163 (a) (continued)
Block 1 Pre-Printed “India”
Block 2 Pre-Printed “Director General of Civil Aviation”.
Block 3 A unique serial number should be pre-printed in this block for Statement
control and traceability purposes. Except that in the case of a computer
generated document the number need not be pre-printed where the
computer is programmed to produce and print a unique number.
Block 4 The full name and location address of the organisation issuing the
statement. This block may be pre-printed. Logos etc, are permitted if the
logo can be contained within the block.
Block 5 The aircraft type in full as defined in the Type Certificate and its
associated data sheet.
Block 6 The Type Certificate reference numbers and issue for the subject aircraft.
Block 7 If the aircraft is registered then this mark will be the registration mark. If
the aircraft is not registered then this will be such a mark that the DGCA
requires to be displayed.
Block 8 The identification number assigned by the builder for control and
traceability and product support. This is sometimes referred to as a
Manufacturers Serial No. or Construction No.
Block 9 The engine and propeller type(s) in full as defined in the relevant Type
Certificate and its associated data sheet. Their builders identification No
and associated location should also be shown.
Block 10 Approved design changes to the Aircraft Definition.
Block 11 A listing of all applicable Airworthiness Directives (or equivalent) and a

declaration of compliance, together with a description of the method of
compliance on the subject individual aircraft including products and
installed parts, appliances and equipment. Any future compliance
requirement time should be shown.
Block 12 Approved unintentional deviation to the approved type design sometimes

referred to as concessions, divergences, or non-conformances.
Block 13 Only agreed deviation from CARs or national legislation may be included
here.
Block 14 Remarks. Any statement, information, particular data or limitation which
may affect the airworthiness of the aircraft. If there is no such information
or data, state; ‘NONE’
Block 15 Enter ‘Standard’ or ‘Export’ for the Certificate of Airworthiness

requested.
ACI 21.163 (a) (continued)
Note: In the case of an Export C of A request the certification requirements should be those of
the import country and should be noted in Block 16. Exemptions waivers or derogations
noted in block 13 should be those agreed by the Airworthiness Authority of the importing
country (see Subpart L).
Block 16 Additional Requirements such as those notified by an importing country

should be noted in this block.
Block 17 Validity of the Statement of Conformity is dependent on full completion

of all blocks on the form. A copy of the flight test report together with
any recorded defects and rectification details should be kept on file by the
POA holder. The report should be signed as satisfactory by the
appropriate certifying staff and a flight crew member, e.g. test pilot or
flight test engineer. The flight tests performed are those defined under the
control of the quality system, as established by JAR 21.139 and Appendix
B paragraph (f), to ensure that the aircraft conforms with the applicable
design data and is in condition for safe operation.
Block 18 The Statement of Conformity may be signed by the person authorised to

do so by the DGCA in accordance with CAR 21.145(d). A rubber stamp
signature should not be used.
Block 19 The name of the person signing the certificate should be typed or printed
in a legible form.
Block 20 The date the Statement of Conformity is signed should be given.
Block 21 The DGCA approval reference of the POA holder should be quoted.
Note 1: The information required in blocks 9,10,11,12,13 and 14 may be by reference to separate
identified
documents held on file by the Production Organisation, unless the DGCA agrees otherwise.
Note 2: This Statement of Conformity is not intended to provide for the complete equipment fit required
for any Commercial Flight Operations purpose. However, some of these individual items may be
included in Block 10 or in the Type Certificated build standard. Operators are therefore reminded
of their responsibility to ensure Commercial Flight Operations compliance for their own particular
operation.
ACI No. 1 to 21.163(b)
Privileges – The Authorised Release Certificate (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.163(b)
INTRODUCTION
This ACI relates only to use of the DGCA Form 21-1 for manufacturing purposes.
Attention is drawn to CAR Section 2 which covers the use of the DGCA Form 21-1 for
maintenance purposes.
1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The primary purpose of the certificate is to release products, parts and appliances as
identified in Blocks 7 through 11 as applicable (hereafter referred to as item(s)) after
ACI No. 1 to 21.163(b) (continued)
manufacture, or to release maintenance work carried out on items under the approval of
DGCA approved maintenance Organisation.
The Certificate referenced DGCA Form 21-1 is called the Authorised Release Certificate.
The Certificate is to be used for export/import purposes, as well as for domestic purposes,
and serves as an official certificate for the delivery of items from the
manufacturer/maintenance organisation to users. The Certificate is not a delivery or
shipping note.
It can only be issued by organisations/persons approved by the DGCA within the scope
of such an approval, or by the DGCA itself.
Aircraft are not to be released using the Certificate.
A mixture of ‘New’ and ‘Used’ items is not permitted on the same Certificate.
A mixture of items certified in conformity to ‘approved data’ and to ‘non-approved data

is not permitted on the same Certificate and consequently only one box in Block 14 can
be ticked.
2 GENERAL
The Certificate should comply with the format attached including block numbers in that
each block must be located as per the layout. The size of each block may however be
varied to suit the individual application, but not to the extent that would make the
Certificate unrecognizable. The overall size of the Certificate may be significantly
increased or decreased so long as the Certificate remains recognizable and legible. If in
doubt consult the DGCA HQ/Area Office.
Please note that the User responsibility statements are normally placed on the reserve of
this Certificate, but they may be added to the front of the Certificate by reducing the
depth of the form (See ACI Form No. 2 to 21.163(b)).
All printing should be clear and legible to permit easy reading.
The Certificate may either be pre-printed or computer generated but in either case the
printing of lines and characters must be clear and legible. Pre-printed wording is
permitted in accordance with the attached model but no other certification statements are
permitted.
Completion of the Certificate should be in English.
The details to be entered on the Certificate can be either machine/computer printed or

hand-written using block letters, and should permit easy reading. Abbreviations should
be restricted to a minimum.
The space remaining on the reverse side of the Certificate may be used by the originator
for any additional information but should not include any certification statement.
The original Certificate should accompany the items and correlation should be
established between the Certificate and the items(s). A copy of the Certificate should be
retained by the organisation that manufactured the item. Where the Certificate format
and the data is entirely computer generated, subject to acceptance by the DGCA, it is
permissible to retain the Certificate format and data on a secure database.
There is no restriction in the number of copies of the Certificate sent to the customer or
retained by the originator.
The Certificate that accompanies the item may be attached to the item by being placed in
an envelop for durability.
3 COMPLETION OF THE RELEASE CERTIFICATE BY THE ORIGINATOR
Except as otherwise stated, there should be an entry in all blocks to make the document a
valid certificate.
Block 1 Pre-printed “Directorate General of Civil Aviation – India”.
Block 2 Pre-printed “Authorised Release Certificate/DGCA Form 21-1”.
Block 3 A unique number should be pre-printed in this block for Certificate control
and traceability purposes except that in the case of a computer generated
document, the unique number need not be pre-printed where the computer
is programmed to produce the number.
Block 4 The information in this block needs to satisfy two objectives:
1) To relate the Certificate to an organisation approval, for the

purposes of verifying authenticity and authority of the Certificate
2) To provide a ready means of rapidly identifying the place of
manufacture and release, to facilitate traceability and
communication in the event of problems or queries.
Therefore, the name entered in the box is that of the organisation approval
holder who is responsible for making the final determination of
conformity or airworthiness, and whose Approval Reference Number is
quoted in Block 16. The name should be entered in exactly the same form
as appears in the Approval Certificate held by the organisation.
The address(es) entered in Block 4 will assist in the identification of the

approval holder and in identifying the place of release.
If the place of manufacture and release is one of the organisation addresses

listed on the Approval Certificate, then that is the only address needed in
this Block.
If the place of manufacture and release is a location which is NOT listed in

the Approval Certificate then two addresses are required. The first address
will be the address of the approval holder (as listed in the Approval
Certificate) and a second address entered to identifying the place of
manufacture and release.
This block may be pre-printed. Logo of the POA holder etc., is permitted
if it can be contained within the block.
Block 5 The purpose is to reference work order/contract/invoice or any other

internal organisation process such that a fast traceability system can be
established. The use of the block for such traceability is strongly
recommended in the absence of item Serial Numbers or batch numbers.
When not used, state N/A.
Block 6 The block is provided for the convenience of the organisation issuing the
Certificate to permit easy cross-reference to the ‘Remarks’ Block 13 by
the use of line item numbers. Block 6 should be completed where there is
more than one line item
Where a number of items are to be released on the Certificate, it is
permissible to use a separate listing cross-referring Certificate and list to
each other.
Block 7 The name or description of the item should be given. Preference should
be given to use of the illustrated Parts Catalogue (IPC) designation. The
description is to include reference to any applicable ITSO Authorisations.
Block 8 State the Part Number. Preference should be given to use of the IPC
number designation.
Block 9 Used to indicate the Type-Approved applications for which the released
items are eligible for installation, based on the information provided by the
design approval holder by virtue of the arrangement described in CAR
21.4 and 21.133(b). The following entries are permitted;
a. The specific or series aircraft, propeller, or engine model as

identified by the design approval holder. In case of ITSO articles
state “ITSO article N/A” since eligibility for installation for ITSO
articles is determined at the time of installation.
b. ‘None’, to be used only when it is known that the items do not yet
have a Type-Approved application, for example: pending type
certificate, for test only, pending approved data. If this category is
used, then appropriate explanatory information must be provided
in Block 13 and new items may only be released for conformity
purposes.
Note 1: In the case of multiple Type-Approved application it is acceptable for this block to
contain cross reference to an attached document which lists such applications.
Note 2: Any information in Block 9 does not constitute authority to fit the item to a particular
aircraft, engine or propeller. The User/Installer should confirm via documents such as
the Parts Catalogue, Service Bulletins, etc., that the item is eligible for the particular
installation.

Note 3: Any information in Block 9 does not necessarily mean that the product, parts or
appliances are only eligible for installation on the listed model(s). Nor does it guarantee
that the product, parts or appliances are eligible for installation on all entries in Block 9.
Eligibility may be affected by modification or configuration changes.
Block 10 State the quantity of items being released.
Block 11 State the items Serial Number or Batch Number if applicable, if neither
applicable, state ‘N/A’.
Block 12 Enter one or combination of appropriate standard words from the
following table. The table lists, in quotes, the standard words permitted
for used when releasing new items prior to entry into service, i.e. the items
have not been previously used in operational service. It also details the
circumstances and conditions under which they may be used. In all cases
the certification rules relating to Block 14 apply, the appropriate box is to
be marked, and Block 15 is to be signed.
TABLES OF STANDARD WORDS FOR NEW PARTS
1 ‘MANUFACTURED’
a. The production of a new item in conformity with the

applicable design data, or
b. Re-certification by the original manufacturer after

rectification work on an item, previously released under
1(a) above, which has been found to be unserviceable prior
to entry into service, e.g. defective, in need of inspection or
test, or shelf life expired. Details of the original release and
the rectification work are to be entered in Block 13, or Re-
certification of new items from Conformity purpose to
Airworthiness purpose at the time of approval of the
applicable design data, provided that the items conform to
the approved design data. An explanation of the basis of
release and details of the original release are to be entered
in Block 13.
2 ‘INSPECTED/TESTED’
The examination of a previously released new item;
a. To establish conformity with the applicable design data, or
b. In accordance with a customer-specified standard or

specification, details of which are to be entered in Block
13, or
c. To establish serviceability and condition for safe operation

prior to re-release as a spare, where the item has been
obtained with DGCA Form 21-1 . An explanation of the
basis of release and details of the original release are to be
entered in Block 13.
3 ‘MODIFIED’
The alteration, by the original manufacturer, of a previously released item,
prior to entry into service. Details of the alteration and the original release
are to be entered in Block 13.
The above statements should be supported by reference to the approved

data/manual/specification. Such information shall be identified in either
Block 12 or 13.
Block 13 It is mandatory to state any information in this block, either direct or by

reference to supporting documentation, that identifies particular data or
limitations relating to the item being released that are necessary for the
User/Installer to make the final airworthiness determination of the item.
The information should be clear, complete, and provided in a form and
manner adequate for the purpose of making such a determination.
Each statement should be clearly identified as to which item it relates.
If there is no statement, state ‘None’.
Examples of conditions which would necessitate statements in Block 13

are;
• When the certificate is used for Conformity purposes the following

statement, should be entered at the beginning of Block 13 ‘ONLY
FOR CONFORMITY, NOT ELIGIBLE FOR INSTALLATION ON
TYPE CERTIFICATED AIRCRAFT/ENGINE/PROPELLER;
• When the Authority approving the design data is not the DGCA,
then the Authority responsible for the approval of the design data
should be identified and the following statement should be entered
together with a reference identifying the approval: “Design data
approved by <identify the responsible Authority and the approval
reference>”.
• When the certificate is issued under a regulation other than CAR

21, the following statement should be used: “This certificate has
been issued under ………… [applicable rules other than CAR-21]”
• TC/ITSO direct shipment authorisation reference when POA

holder is a separate legal entity (see ACI 21.133 (b)). The
following statement should be used : “Direct Delivery
Authorisation granted by [Company Name] under document
reference [Contract/Letter/Form XX/Quality Plan]”
• For complete engines and propellers, any additional export
statement required by the importing country, as normally defined
in the Type Certificate data sheet.
• Usage restriction for repaired items

• Modification standard
• Alternative approved items supplied
• Concessions applicable
• Non-compliance with airworthiness regulations, e.g. CAR’s
• Details of repair work carried out or reference to a document

where this is stated.
• Compliance with, or non-compliance with AD’s or Service

Bulletins
• Information on life limited items
• Condition of items or reference to a document detailing this

information
• Manufacturing date or cure date
• Shelf life data
• Shortages
• Time Since New (TSN), Time Since Overhaul (TSO) etc.
• Exceptions to the notified special requirements of the importing

country
• Specially configured to meet the notified special requirements of

the importing country
• Re-certification of previously released ‘new’ items
Block 14 This block should only be used to indicate the status of new items
The main purpose of the Certificate is to release items for Airworthiness
purposes, which means conformity to approved design data and in
condition for safe operation.
When using a DGCA Form 21-1 issued for Airworthiness purposes to

satisfy such notified import conditions, compliance with these import
conditions is certified according to CAR 21.331 (a)(2). As the P/N is
stated in Block 8 and compliance with any specific import conditions is
entered in Block 13, ‘approved’ then means approved by the authority of
the country of import.
The certificate can also be used as a Conformity Certificate when items

conform to applicable design data which are not approved for a reason
which is stated in Block 13 (e.g. pending type certificate, for test only,
pending approved data).
In this case the following additional statement should be entered at the
beginning of Block 13 itself and not in a separate document: ’ONLY FOR
CONFORMITY, NOT ELIGIBLE FOR INSTALLATION ON TYPE
CERTIFICATED AIRCRAFT/ENGINE/PROPELLER’.
Mixtures of items released for Airworthiness and for Conformity purposes

are not permitted in the same certificate. Also refer to the notes for
completion of Block 9.
Block 15 The hand-written normal signature of a person who has written authority
from the DGCA and from the Approved Production Organisation to make
Certifications in respect of new items. Use of a stamp instead of a
signature is not permitted, but the authorised person may add a stamp
impression to his signature to aid recognition. Subject to the arrangement
of the DGCA, computer-generated signatures may be acceptable if it can
be demonstrated that an equivalent level of control, traceability, and
accountability exists.
Block 16 State the full authorisation reference given by the DGCA to the
organisation/person releasing the new items..
Block 17 The name of the person signing Block 15 printed, typed, or written in a
legible form.
Block 18 The date on which Block 15 is signed, in the format day/month/year. The
month should be stated in letters. (sufficient letters should be used so
there can be no ambiguity as to the month intended).
Block 19 Not used for release of new items.
4 EFFECTIVITY
DGCA Form 21-1 should be used for the release of all engines, propellers,
parts and appliances from 01/xx/xxxx but may be used prior to that date if
available to the approved production organised and approved by the
DGCA
1. Directorate General of Civil 2. 3. Form Tracking Number
Aviation AUTHORISED RELEASE CERTIFICATE
INDIA DGCA Form 21-1
4. Approved Organisation Name and 5. Work Order./Contract/Invoice
Address
7. Description 8 Part No. 9 Eligibility* 10 Qty 11 Serial/Batch No 12. Status/Work
Remarks
Certifies that the items identified above were manufactured in 19. [] CAR Section 2 Release to service [] Other regulation specified
conformity to : in block 13
[] approved design data and are in condition for safe operation Certified that unless otherwise specified in block 13 the work identified
in block 12 and described in block 13 was accomplished in accordance
[] non-approved design data specified in block 13 with CAR Section 2 and in respect to that work the items are considered
ready for release to service.
15. Authorised Signature 16. Approval/Authorisation Number 20. Authorised Signature 21. Certificate/Approval Ref. No.
17. Name 18. Date (d/m/y) 22. Name 23. Date (d/m/y)
DGCA Form 21-1 *Installer must cross-check eligibility with applicable technical data
Item
13
14
6.
NOTE See ACI No. 2 to 21.163(b) DGCA Form 21-1 Reverse Side requirements.
ACI No. 2 to 21.163 (b)

Privileges – DGCA Form 21-1 (reverse side) (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.163 (b)
AUTHORISED RELEASE CERTIFICATE – DGCA Form 21-1

USER/INSTALLER RESPONSIBILITIES
Note 1: It is important to understand that the existence of the document alone does not automatically
constitute authority to install the part/component/assembly.
Note 2: Where the user/installer works in accordance with the national regulations of an Airworthiness
Authority different from the DGCA – India. It is essential that the user/installer ensures that
his/her Airworthiness Authority accepts parts/components/assemblies from the DGCA-India.
Note 3: Statements 14 and 19 do not constitute installation certification. In all cases the aircraft
maintenance
record must contain an installation certification issued in accordance with the national regulations
by the user/ installer before the aircraft may be flown.
ACI 21.163 (c)

Privileges – Maintenance (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.163
The applicant may apply for Terms of Approval, which cover maintenance of a new
aircraft that he has manufactured, as necessary to keep it in an airworthy condition, but
not beyond the point at which Commercial Flight Operations require maintenance to be
performed by an Approved Maintenance Organisation. If the Production Organisation
intends to maintain the aircraft beyond that point, it would have to apply for and obtain
an appropriate maintenance approval.
When the DGCA is satisfied that the procedures required by CAR 21.139 are satisfactory
to control maintenance activities so as to ensure that the aircraft is airworthy, the Terms
of Approval will be amended to show this capability.
MAINTENANCE OF AIRCRAFT
Examples of such maintenance activities are:
• Preservation, periodic inspection visits, etc.
• Embodiment of Service Bulletin

• Application of airworthiness directives.
• Repairs.
• Maintenance tasks resulting from special flights.
• Maintenance tasks to maintain airworthiness during flight training, demo flights

and other non-revenue flights.
ACI 21.163 (c) (continued)
Any maintenance activities should be recorded in the Aircraft Log Book. It should be
signed by certifying staff for attesting the conformity of the work to the applicable
airworthiness data.
Maintenance of components outside the POA capability
Such maintenance activity outside the capability of the Aircraft POA holder may still be
accomplished under the production approval of the original release organisation. In such
circumstances the engine(s), propellers(s), parts and appliances will require re-release in
accordance with ACI-21.163 (b) DGCA Form 21-1
Records relevant to continued airworthiness or retirement lives, such as engine runs,

flight hours, landings, etc. which affect part retirement of maintenance schedules must be
specified on any re-release.
As an alternative the engine, propeller, part or appliance may be maintained by the holder
of an approval in accordance with CAR Section 2, classified and released as ‘used’.
ACI 21.165 (a)

Responsibilities of Holder – Basic working document (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.165
Compliance with the Production Organisation Exposition (POE) is a prerequisite for

obtaining and retaining a Production Organisation Approval.
The organisation should make the POE available to its personnel where necessary for the
performance of their duties. A distribution list should therefore be established. Where
the POE mainly refers to separate manuals or procedures, the distribution of the POE
could be limited.
The organisation should ensure that personnel have access to and are familiar with that
part of the content of the POE or the referenced documents, which covers their activities.
Monitoring of compliance with the POE is normally the responsibility of the quality
assurance function.
ACI No 1 to 21.165(c)
Responsibilities of Holder - Conformity of prototype models and test specimens
(Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.165
CAR 21.33 requires determination of conformity of prototype models and test specimens
to the applicable design data. The DGCA Form 21-1 may be used as a conformity
certificate as part of the assistance a POA holder/applicant provides to a DOA
holder/applicant.
ACI No 2 to 21.165 (c)

Responsibilities of Holder – Conformity to Type Design (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.165
Individual configurations are often based on the needs of the customer and improvements
or changes which may be introduced by the Type Certificate holder. There are also likely
to be unintentional divergencies (concessions or non-conformances) during the
manufacturing process. All these changes are required to have been approved by the
Design Approval holder, or when necessary by the DGCA in accordance with CAR 21
Subpart D.
ACI No 3 to 21.165 (c)

Responsibilities of Holder - Condition for safe operation (Acceptable Means of
Compliance)
See CAR 21.165
Before submission of the Statement of Conformity to the DGCA the Production

Organisation Approval holder should make an investigation so as to be satisfied in
respect of each of the items listed below. The documented results of this investigation
should be kept on file by the POA holder. Certain of these items may be required to be
provided (or made available) to the operator or owner of the aircraft (and in some cases
the DGCA).
1 Equipment or modifications which do not meet the requirements of the DGCA but
have been declared acceptable by the Airworthiness Authority of the importing
country.
2 Identification of Products, Parts or Appliances which:

a. Are not new.
b. Are furnished by the buyer or future operator (including those identified in

CAR 21.801 and 805).
3 Technical records which identify the location and serial numbers of significant
components including those identified in CAR 21.801 and 805.
4 Log book and a modification record book for the aircraft as required by the
Authority.
5 Log books for products identified in CAR 21.801 installed as part of the type
desi
gn as required by the Authority.
6 A weight and balance report for the completed aircraft.
7 A record of missing items or defects which do not affect airworthiness these for
example could be furnishing or BFE (Buyer Furnished Equipment). (Items may
be recorded in a technical log or other suitable arrangement such that the operator
and Authority are formally aware.)
8 Product support information required by other CARs such as Maintenance

Manual, a Parts Catalogue, or MMEL all of which are to reflect the actual build
standard of the particular aircraft. Also an electrical load analysis and a wiring
diagram.
ACI No 3 to 21.165 (c) (continued)
9 Records which demonstrate completion of maintenance tasks appropriate to the

test flight flying hours recorded by the aircraft. These records must show the
relationship of the maintenance status of the particular aircraft to the
manufacturers recommended maintenance task list and the MRB
document/report.
10 Details of the serviceability state of the aircraft in respect of a) the fuel and oil
contents, b) provision of operationally required emergency equipment such as life
rafts, etc.
11 Details of the approved interior configuration if different from that approved as

part of the type design.
12 An approved Flight Manual that conforms to the build standard and

modification state of the particular aircraft shall be available
13 Show that inspections for foreign objects at all appropriate stages of

manufacture have been satisfactorily performed.
14 The registration has been marked on the exterior of the aircraft as required by
national legislation. Where required by national legislation fix a fireproof owners
nameplate.
15 Where applicable there shall be a certificate for noise and for the aircraft radio
station.
16 Where export certification is required there should be a statement that the

requirements of the importing country have been complied with (e.g. FAA AC-
21-2).
17 The installed compass and or compass systems have been adjusted and
compensated and a deviation card displayed in the aircraft.
18 Software criticality list.
19 A record of rigging and control surface movement measurements.
20 Details of installations that will be removed before starting commercial air

transport operations (e.g. ferry kits for fuel, radio or navigation).
21 Where maintenance work has been performed under the privilege of CAR
21.163(c) issue a release to service that includes a statement that the aircraft is in
a condition for safe operation.
ACI No 4 to 21.165 (c)
Determination of conformity to the applicable design data (Acceptable Means of
Compliance)
See CAR 21.165
1 INTRODUCTION
A type design (reference paragraph CAR 21.31) is an accumulation of all the data which
is needed to define a Product. One benefit of this data is to enable the consistent
production of multiple examples of the Product. Similar data has to be available for the
manufacture of the Articles under CAR-21 Subpart O-India Technical Standard Order
Authorisations (ITSO articles).
The data enables planning and control of the manufacturing process to be carried out,
maximizing the conclusion of conformity with applicable design data at the completion
of the manufacturing process.
Despite this planning ability it is almost certain that some testing will be required for
almost all Products to determine conformity to the applicable design data and in many
cases such demonstrations of performance will be needed at lower levels of assembly
(i.e.. testing of Parts and Appliances) where for reasons of complexity and integration
into the final Product it is only practical to determine conformity at the lower assembly
level. Demonstration of performance will almost always be required for ITSO articles.
2 TEST CRITERIA
The criteria for testing will evolve from the Type Certificate Data Sheet information.
This exists as part of the type design (reference paragraph CAR 21.31) and will apply to
the Product and to the Parts and Appliances included in its design.
The criteria for testing of ITSO articles are included in the Declaration of Design and
Performance (reference paragraph CAR 21.608).
3 SCOPE OF TESTING
The actual extent of testing required for each Product or Part and Appliance will vary
with the complexity of the Product or Part and Appliance and needs to be agreed with the
design approval holder. Testing of integrated systems should take into account the
previously carried out testing of individual system elements. These may be in fact have
been more extensive since the testing of elements can often take into account extremes of
environmental variables which cannot be accommodated when testing the complete
system (e.g. an engine fuel control system which can be rig tested at simulated altitude
conditions whereas the engine itself can normally only be tested at ground level ambient
conditions). Similarly questions of overall system reliability should be a factor in
whether a particular test is necessary. The need for a test may well be relaxed with
experience or equally may need to be introduced as a result of service feedback.
ACI No 4 to 21.165 (c) (continued)
Examples of the scope of testing should consider the following guidelines:-

Products:
• Aircraft
Flight and Ground Tests (Handling, Performance, System functions)
• Engines
Engine Test (performance, Systems, Mechanical aspects)
• Propellers System Functions (if variable pitch)
Parts and Appliances:
• General Tests as appropriate if required by the individual engineering

specification. Most parts and appliances will not require any specific tests as their
dimensional and material details will control their function but some will need
testing to prove their correct function: e.g. electronic circuit element behaviour,
cooling flow of turbine blades, spring rates, etc.
• ITSO articles Performance and Functional aspects including environmental

variations.
ACI No 5 to 21.165 (c)

Airworthiness Release or Conformity Certificate (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.165 (c)
The DGCA Form 21-1 , when used as a release certificate as addressed in CAR 21.165
(c)(2) and (3) can be issued in two ways:
• As an airworthiness release, only when by virtue of the arrangement described in

CAR 21. 133(b), it can be determined that the part conforms to the approved
design data and is in condition for safe operation.
• As a conformity Certificate, only when by virtue of the arrangement described in

CAR 21.133(b), it can be determined that the part conforms to applicable design
data which is not (yet) approved, for a reason that is indicated in Block 13. Parts
released with a DGCA Form 21-1 as a conformity Certificate are not eligible for
installation in a type certificated aircraft.
Note: The DGCA Form 21-1 should only be used for Conformity release purposes when it is possible to
indicate the reason that prevents its issue as for Airworthiness release purposes.
ACI 21.165(d)/(g)
Responsibilities of Holder – Recording and record keeping (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.165
Records within a production environment satisfy two purposes. Firstly, they are required,
during the production process to ensure that products, parts, or appliances are in
conformity with the controlling data throughout the manufacturing cycle. Secondly,
certain records of
ACI 21.165(d)/(g) (continued)
milestone events are needed to subsequently provide objective evidence that all
prescribed stages of the production process have been satisfactorily completed and that
compliance with the applicable design data has been achieved.
Therefore, the approved production organisation should implement a system for the
compilation and retention of records during all stages of manufacture, covering short-
term and long-term records appropriate to the nature of the product and its production
processes.
The management of such information should be subject to appropriate procedures in the

Quality System required by CAR 21.139.
All forms of recording media are acceptable (paper, film, magnetic,…) provided they can
meet the required duration for archiving under the conditions provided.
The related organisation procedures should:
• Identify records to be kept
• Describe the organisation of and responsibility for the archiving system (location,
compilation, format) and conditions for access to the information (e.g. by product,
subject).
• Control access and provide effective protection from deterioration or accidental

damage.
• Ensure continued readability of the records.
• Demonstrate to the DGCA proper functioning of the records system.
• Clearly identify the persons involved in conformity determination.

• Define an archiving period for each type of data taking into account importance in
relation to conformity determination subject to the following:
a. Data which supports conformity of a product, part, or appliance should be

kept for not less than two years from the issue date of the related Statement of
Conformity or Authorised Release Certificate.
b. Data considered essential for continuing airworthiness should be kept

throughout the operational life of the product, part or appliance.
• Ensure that the recording and record-keeping system used by the partners,
supplier and sub-contractors meet the objective of conformity of the product, part
or appliance with the same level of confidence as for their own manufacture. They
should define in each case who is to retain the record data (organisation or partner,
supplier or subcontractor). They should also define method for surveillance of the
recording/record keeping system of the partners, suppliers or sub-contractors.
ACI-Subpart JA
ACI 21.A231
Applicability (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21. A231
The CAR 21.A231 describes procedures for approval of products and parts and
appliances. It has been considered that the approval of organisations will enhance the
quality of the work done for approval of products and of parts and appliances.
For Design Organisation Approval, two categories are defined –
1. JA: Type Certification and ITSO Authorisation.
2. JB: Design of parts and appliances.
1. Type Certification – Category JA. For Type Certification and for ITSO
Authorisation for articles listed in Appendix C, the applicant has specific
responsibility with regard to the demonstration of compliance with applicable
requirements and for that has direct relationship with the DGCA.
2. Design of parts and appliances – Category JB. Due to the complexity of

technology and design activities in the aeronautic field, organisations are very
often orientated to a specific kind of activity and form consortia to build complete
aircraft. It has been considered as useful to give Design Organisation Approvals
to such organisations to simplify the overall Design Organisation Approval. A JB
Design Organisation Approval is indeed the recognition of a capability to design a
part or appliance under a general Design Assurance System.
When this recognition has been done and is continuously surveyed by the DGCA,
it is not necessary to reassess completely an organisation when included in a
consortium or other industrial relationship. The integration in the system only
may be checked under the Design Organisation Approval of the TC applicant.
This can be considered as an advantage to avoid duplication of work in the field
of Design Organisation Approvals for both the applicant and the DGCA.
ACI 21.A239(a)
Design Assurance System (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.A239 (a)
1 Purpose. This ACI outlines some basic principles and objectives in order to
comply with CAR. A239 (a)
2 Definitions
2.1 The Design Assurance System is the organisational structure, responsibilities,
procedures and resources to ensure the proper functioning of the Design
Organisation.
ACI 21.A239(a) (continued)
2.2 The Design Assurance is defined as all those planned and systematic actions
necessary to provide adequate confidence that the organisation has the
capability
- To design products or parts in accordance with the applicable
airworthiness requirements,
- To show and verify the compliance with these requirements, and
- To demonstrate to the DGCA this compliance.
2.3 The “Type Investigation” means the tasks of the Organisation in support to the
Type Certificate necessary to show and verify and to maintain compliance
with the applicable requirements.
3 Design Assurance. The complete process, starting with the airworthiness

requirements and product specifications and culminating with the issuing of a
Type Certificate, is shown in the diagram on page 2-JA-15 . This identifies the
relationship between the design, the Type Investigation and Design Assurance
processes.
Effective Design Assurance demands a continuing evaluation of factors that affect

the adequacy of the design for intended applications, in particular that the product,
or part, complies with applicable airworthiness requirements and will continue to
comply after any change.
Two main aspects should therefore be considered-
1 How the planned and systematic actions are defined and implemented, from
the very beginning of design activities up to continued airworthiness
activities.
2 How these actions are regularly evaluated and corrective actions

implemented as necessary.
3.1 Planned and Systematic Actions. For Design Organisations carrying out Type
Investigation of products, the planned and systematic actions should cover the
following tasks and procedures should be defined accordingly:
3.1.1 General
a. To issue or, where applicable, supplement or amend the Handbook in
accordance with CAR-21, in particular to indicate the initiation of design
activities on a product.
b. To assure that all instructions of the Handbook are adhered to.
c. To conduct Type Investigation.
d. To nominate staff as ”compliance verification engineers” responsible to

approve compliance documents as defined in paragraph 3.1.3.
e. To nominate personnel belonging to the Office of Airworthiness

responsible as defined in paragraph 3.1.4.
f. (Reserved)
g. To ensure full and complete liaison between the Type Design Organisation
and related organisations having responsibility for products manufactured
to the Type Certificate.
h. To provide the assurance to the DGCA that prototype models and test
specimens adequately conform to the Type Design (see CAR 21.33(c)(2)).
3.1.2 Head of Design Organisation (or his Deputy). The Head of the Design
Organisation is responsible to sign a declaration of compliance see (CAR
21.20(b)) with the applicable airworthiness requirements after
verification of satisfactory completion of the Type Investigation. He
confirms by his signature that the procedures as specified in the handbook
have been followed. (See also ACI 21.A265 (b)).
3.1.3 Compliance Verification
a. Approval by signing of all compliance documents, including test

programmes and data, necessary for the verification of compliance with
the applicable airworthiness requirements as defined in Type Investigation
programme.
b. Approval of the technical content (completeness, technical accuracy…) of

the manuals required by the applicable CARs.
3.1.4 Office of Airworthiness

a. Liaison between the Design Organisation and the DGCA with respect to
all aspects of Type Investigation.
b. Ensuring that handbook is prepared and updated as required in CAR

21.A243.
c. Co-operation with the DGCA in developing procedures to be used for the

Type Certification process.
d. Issuing of guidelines for documenting compliance.
e. Co-operation in issuing guidelines for the preparation of the manuals

required by the applicable CAR s, Service Bulletins, drawings,
specifications, and standards.
f. Ensuring procurement and distribution of applicable airworthiness

requirements and other specifications.
g. Co-operating with the DGCA in proposing the Type Certification basis

including Special Conditions.
h. Interpretation of airworthiness requirements and requesting decisions of

the DGCA in case of doubt.
i. Advising of all departments of the design organisation in all questions

regarding airworthiness and certification.
j. Preparation of the Type Investigation programme and co-ordination of all

tasks related to Type Investigation in concurrence with the DGCA.
k. Regular reporting to the DGCA about Type Investigation progress and

announcement of scheduled tests in due time.
l. Ensuring co-operation in preparing test programme needed for

demonstration of compliance.
m. Establishing the compliance checklist and updating for changes.
n. Checking that all compliance documents are prepared as necessary to

show compliance with all airworthiness requirements, as well as for
completeness, and signing for release of the documents.
o. Checking the required Type Design definition documents and ensuring
that they are provided to the DGCA for approval.
p. Preparation, if necessary, of a draft for a Type Certificate Data Sheet

and/or Type Certificate Data Sheet modification.
q. Providing verification to the head of the Design Organisation that all

activities required for Type investigation have been properly completed.
r. Granting the approval for minor changes in accordance with CAR

21.95(b).
s. Monitoring of significant events on other aeronautical products as far as

relevant to determine their effect on airworthiness of products being
designed by the Design Organisation.
t. Ensuring co-operation in preparing Service Bulletins, with special

attention being given to the manner in which the contents affect
airworthiness and granting the approval on behalf of the DGCA.
u. Ensuring the initiation of activities as a response to failure

(accident/incident/in-service experience) evaluation and complaints from
the operation and providing of information to the DGCA in case of
airworthiness impairment (continuing airworthiness).
v. Advising the DGCA with regard to the issue of Airworthiness Directives

in general based on Service Bulletins.
w. Ensuring that each of the manuals required by applicable CAR s are

checked to determine that they meet the respective requirements, and that
they are provided to the DGCA for approval when necessary.
3.1.5 Maintenance and Operating Instructions
a. Ensuring the preparation and updating of all maintenance and operating

instructions (including Services Bulletins) needed to maintain
airworthiness (continuing airworthiness) in accordance with relevant CAR
s.
b. In accordance with CAR 21.57, 21.61, 21.119 and 21.120, ensuring that
these documents are provided to all affected operators and all involved
authorities.
3.2 Continued Effectiveness of the Design Assurance System. The Organisation
should establish the means by which the continuing evaluation (system
monitoring) of the Design Assurance System will be performed in order to
ensure that it remains effective.
ACI 21.A239 (c)

See CAR 21.A239(c)
In meeting the requirements of CAR 21.A239(c) the applicant for a Design Organisation
Approval under Subpart JA may adopt the following policy:
1 The satisfactory integration of the Partner/Sub-contractor and applicant’s Design

Assurance Systems should be demonstrated for the activities covered under the
applicant’s Terms of Approval.
2 In the event that a partner/Sub-contractor holds a Design Organisation Approval

(D.O.A.), then in accordance with CAR 21.A239(c), the applicant may take this
into account in demonstrating the effectiveness of this integrated system.
3 When any Partner/Sub-contractor does not hold a D.O.A. then the applicant will
need to establish to its own satisfaction and the satisfaction of the DGCA, the
adequacy of that partner’s/sub-contractor’s Design Assurance System in
accordance with CAR 21.A243(b).
ACI 21.A243 (a)

Data Requirements (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.A243 (a)
The handbook should provide the following information for each product covered
by the Design Organisation Approval.
ACI 21.A243 (a) (continued)
1. A description of the tasks which can be performed under the approval,

according to the following classification:
a. General areas, like subsonic turbojet aeroplanes,

Turbopropeller aeroplanes, small aeroplanes, rotorcraft.
b. Technologies handled by the Organisation (composite, wood

or metallic construction, electronic systems etc.)
c. A list of Types and Models for which the design approval

has been granted and for which privileges may be exercised, supported
by a brief description for each product.
2. A general description of the Organisation, its main departments, their
functions and the names of those in charge; a description of the line
management and of functional relationships between the various departments.
3. A description of assigned responsibilities and delegated authority of all

parts of the Organisation which, taken together, constitute the
Organisation’s Design Assurance System together with a chart indicating the
functional and hierarchical relationship of Design Assurance System to
Management and to other parts of the Organisation; also the chains of
responsibilities within the Design Assurance System, and the control of the work
of all partners and sub-contractors.
4. A general description of the way in which the Organisation performs all the
design functions in relation to airworthiness including -
(a) The procedures followed and the forms used in the Type Investigation
process to ensure that the design of, or the change to the design of,
the product as applicable is identified and documented and complies with the
applicable airworthiness requirements.
(b) The procedures for classifying design changes as “major” or “minor”

and for the approval of minor changes
(c) The procedure for classifying and approving unintentional deviations

from the approved design data occurring in production (concessions or non-
conformance’s).
5. A general description of the way in which the Organisation performs its

functions in relation to the continuing airworthiness of the product it
designs, including co- operation with the production organisation when dealing
with any continuing airworthiness actions that are related to production of the
product, part or appliance, as applicable
6. A description of the human resources, facilities and equipment, which

constitutes the means for design, and where appropriate, for ground and
flight testing.
ACI 21.A243 (a) (continued)
7. An outline of a system for controlling and informing the Staff of the

Organisation of current changes in engineering drawings, specifications and
design assurance procedures.
8. A description of the recording system for -

a. The Type Design, including relevant design information,
drawings and test reports, including inspection records of test specimens.
b. The means of compliance.
c. The compliance documentation (compliance check list,

reports….)
9. A description of the archives policy system to comply with CAR 21.55 and
21.105.
10. A description of the means by which the Organisation monitors and

responds to problems affecting airworthiness of its product during
design, production and in service in particular to comply with CAR 21.3. (See
also ACI 21.A239, paragraph 3.1.4(s) and (u)).
11. The names of the Design Organisation authorized signatories. Nominated

persons with specific responsibilities such as mentioned in CAR 21.33 and 21.35
should be listed.
12. (Reserved)
13. A clear definition of the tasks, competence and areas of responsibility of the
Office of Airworthiness.
14. A description of the procedures for the establishment and the control of the
maintenance and operating instructions (see CAR 21.57, 21.61,21.119 and
21.120).
15. A description of the means by which the continuing evaluation (system

monitoring) of the Design Assurance System will be performed in order to
ACI 21.A245
Requirements for Approval (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.A245
1. General. The data submitted in accordance with CAR 21.A243 should show
that sufficient skilled personnel are available and suitable technical and
organisational provisions have been made for carrying out the Type
Investigation defined by ACI 21.A239(a), paragraph 2.3.
ACI 21.A245 (continued)
2. Personnel. The applicant should show that the personnel available to

comply with CAR 21.A245 (a), are, due to their special qualifications and
number, able to provide assurance of the design or modification of a product as
well as the compilation and verification of all data needed to meet the applicable
airworthiness requirements while taking into account the present state of the art
and new experience.
3. Technical. The applicant should have access to -
a. Workshops and production facilities, which are suitable for

manufacturing prototype models and test specimens.
b. Accommodation and test facilities, which are suitable for carrying out
tests and measurements, needed to demonstrate compliance with the
airworthiness requirements. The test facilities may be subjected to
additional technical conditions related to the nature of tests
performed.
4. Organisation. The data submitted in accordance with CAR 21.A243 should

show that-
4.1 The Head of the Design Organisation for which an application for approval
has been made, has the direct or functional responsibility for all
departments of the Organisation which are responsible for the design
of the product. If the departments responsible for design are
functionally linked, the Head of the Design Organisation still
carries the ultimate responsibility for compliance of the Organisation
with CAR 21 Subpart JA.
4.2 An Office of Airworthiness has been established and staffed on a permanent

basis to act as the focal point for co-ordinating airworthiness matters
(see ACI 21.A239 (a) paragraph 3.1.4); it reports directly to the Head
of the Design Organisation or is integrated into an independent
quality assurance organisation reporting to the Head of the Design
Organisation.
4.3 For a product, there is normally only one compliance

verification engineer nominated for each relevant subject. A
procedure covers the non-availability of compliance verification
engineers and their replacement when necessary. Compliance
verification engineers retain complete independence in approving
documents for submission to the Office of Airworthiness. They may work
in conjunction with the individuals who prepare compliance
documents but may not be directly involved in their creation.
4.4 Responsibilities for all tasks related to Type Investigations are assigned in
such a way that gaps in authority are excluded.
4.5 The responsibility for a number of tasks as in sub-paragraph 4.4 of this

paragraph may be assigned to one person especially in the case of
simple projects.
ACI 21.A249
Transferability (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.A249
Transfer of the approval would normally only be agreed in cases where the
Organisation itself remains substantially unchanged.
An acceptable transfer situation could be for example a change of company name

but with no change to site address or Chief Executive. However, if the same legal
entity were to relocate to new premises with a new Chief Executive and/or new
departmental heads, then a substantial investigation by the DGCA would be
necessary such that the change would be classified as a reapproval.
In the event of receivership there may be good technical justification for

continuation of the approval provided that the company continues to function in a
satisfactory manner. It is likely that at a later stage the approval might be
surrendered by the Receiver or transferred to another legal entity in which case the
former paragraphs apply.
ACI 21.A251
Terms of Approval (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.A251.
1. The Terms of Approval are stated on the Certificate of Approval issued by

the DGCA. The certificate states the scope of work and the products or
changes thereof, with the appropriate limitations for which the approval has
been granted. The product should be described, giving the data as provided in the
application for approval as a design organisation.
2. Approval of a change in the Terms of Approval in accordance with CAR

21.A253 will be confirmed by an appropriate amendment of the
Certification of Approval.
3. The certificate references the handbook of the approved Design

Organisation provided in accordance with CAR 21.A243. This handbook
defines the tasks which may be performed under the Approval.
4. Scopes of work are, for example, “subsonic turbojet aeroplanes”,
“Turbopropeller aeroplanes”, small aeroplanes”, “rotorcraft”… Technologies
are quoted in the scope of work when it is considered by the DGCA as a
limitation for the Design Organisation Approval.
ACI 21.A257 (a)

Investigations (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.A257 (a)
Arrangements that allow the DGCA to make investigation include the complete
Design Organisation including partners, sub-contractors and suppliers, whether
they are in India or not, assisting and co-operating with the DGCA in performing
inspections and audits conducted during initial assessment and subsequent
surveillance.
Assistance to the DGCA includes all appropriate means associated with the facilities
of the Design Organisation to allow the DGCA to perform these inspection and
audits, such as a meeting room and office support.
ACI 21.A263 (a)

Acceptance of Compliance Documents by the DGCA
See CAR 21.A263 (a)
A compliance document is the end result of a certification process, where the

showing of compliance is recorded. For each specific certification process, the
DGCA is involved in the process itself at an early stage, especially through the
establishment of the certification programme. The inspections or tests as per CAR
21.A257 (b) may be performed at various stages of the whole certification process,
not necessarily when the compliance document is presented.
Therefore, according to the scheduled level of involvement, the DGCA should agree
with the DOA Holder documents to be accepted without further DGCA verification.
ACI 21.A263 (b)(1) (Acceptable Means of Compliance)

Procedure for the classification of changes to Type Design as minor and major
See CAR 21.A263 (b)(1)
It is the privilege of the DOA holder to propose classification of changes to Type

Design as minor and major and submit this classification to the “DGCA” for
approval. Approval of the classification is the prerogative of the DGCA.
ACI 21.A263 (b)(2) (Acceptable Means of Compliance )
Procedure for the approval of minor changes to Type Design
See CAR 21.A263 (b)(2)
1. INTENT
This ACI provides guidelines to develop a procedure for the approval of
minor changes to Type Design.
Each DOA applicant should develop his own internal procedures, based on
these guidelines, in order to obtain the associated CAR 21.A263(b)(2)
privilege.
2. PROCEDURE FOR THE APPROVAL OF MINOR CHANGES TO TYPE

DESIGN
2.1 Content
The procedure should address the following points :
- compliance documentation
- approval under the DOA privilege
- authorised signatories
- supervision of minor changes to Type Design handled by
subcontractors.
2.2 Compliance documentation
For those minor changes to Type Design where additional work to show
compliance with the applicable airworthiness requirements is necessary,
compliance documentation should be established and independently checked
as required by CAR 21.A239(b)
The procedure should describe how the compliance documentation is

produced and checked.
2.3 Approval under the DOA privilege.
2.3.1 For those minor changes to Type Design where additional work to show
compliance with the applicable airworthiness requirements is
necessary, the procedure should define a document to formalise the
approval under the DOA privilege.
This document should include at least :
-identification and brief description of the change and reasons for change
-applicable requirements and methods of compliance
-reference to the compliance documents
-effects, if any, on limitations and on the approved documentation
-evidence of the independent checking function of the showing of
compliance
-evidence of the approval under the privilege of CAR 21.A263(b)(2) by an
authorised signatory
-date of the approval
ACI 21.A263 (b)(2) (continued)
2.3.2 For the other minor changes to Type Design, the procedure should define a
means to identify the change and reasons for the change, and to
formalise its approval by the appropriate engineering authority under
an authorised signatory. This function can be delegated by the Office of
Airworthiness but should be controlled by the Office of Airworthiness,
either directly or through appropriate procedures of the DOA Holder’s
Design Assurance System.
2.4 Authorised signatories
The persons authorised to sign for the approval under the privilege of
CAR 21.A263(b)(2) should be identified (name, signature and scope of
authority) in appropriate documents that can be linked to the
handbook.
2.5 Supervision of minor changes to Type Design handled by subcontractors
For the minor changes to Type Design described in 2.3.2 that are
handled by subcontractors, the procedure should indicate, directly or
by cross-reference to written procedures how these minor changes to
Type Design are approved at the subcontractor level and the
arrangements made for supervision by the DOA holder.
ACJ 21.A263 (b)(3) (Interpretation and Acceptable Means of Compliance)

Issue of information or instructions
See CAR 21.A263 (b)(3)
1. INTENT
This ACI provides guidelines to address the various aspects the DOA
should cover in order to have a comprehensive procedure for the issue of
information or instructions.
2 SCOPE
The information or instructions referred to in CAR 21.A263 (b)(3) are
issued by a DOA Holder to provide the owners of a product with all
necessary data to implement a change on the product, or to inspect it.
This information or instructions may be issued in a format of a Service
Bulletin as defined in ATA 100 system.
The preparation of this data involves design, production and inspection.
3 PROCEDURE
For the information and instruction issued under CAR 21.A263 (b) (3), the
DOA Holder should establish a procedure addressing the following points;
- Preparation
- Verification of technical consistency with corresponding approved
changes(s) or approved data, including effectivity, description, effects on
airworthiness, especially when limitations are changed.
- Verification of the feasibility in practical applications
- Authorized signatories
ACJ 21.A263 (b)(3) (continued)
The procedure should include the information or instructions prepared by

subcontractors or vendors, and declared applicable to its products by the DOA
holder.
4 STATEMENT
The statement provided in the information or instructions should also cover

the information or instructions prepared by subcontractors or vendors and
declared applicable to its products by the DOA holder.
The technical content is related to the design data and accomplishment

instructions, and its approval means that:
- The design data has been appropriately approved; and

- The instructions provide for practical and well defined
installation/inspection methods, and, when accomplished, the product is in
conformity with the approved design data.
Note: Information and Instructions related to required actions under JAR 21.3(d) (Airworthiness Directives) are submitted to
the DGCA to ensure compatibility with Airworthiness Directives content (see JAR 21.A265(e)), and contain a statement that
they are, or will be, subject to an Airworthiness Directive issued by the Authority.
ACI 21.A265 (a)

Administration of the Handbook (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.A265 (a)
1 The Handbook of the Applicant should be in English.

2 The Handbook should be produced in a concise form with sufficient
information to meet CAR.A243 relevant to the scope of approval sought by
the applicant. The Handbook should include the following:
a. Organisation name, address, telephone, telex, facsimile numbers & e-mail
address.
b. Document title, and company document reference no (if any).
c. Amendment or revision standard identification for the document.
d. Amendment or revision record sheet
e. List of effective pages with revision/date/amendment identification for each
page
f. Contents list or index
g. A distribution list for the Handbook
h. An introduction, or foreword, explaining the purpose of the document for
the guidance of the organisation’s own personnel. Brief general
information concerning the history and development of the organisation
and, if appropriate, relationships with other organisations which may
form part of a group or consortium, should be included to provide
background information for the DGCA.
i. The Certificate of Approval should be reproduced in the document
j. Identification of the department responsible for administration of the
Handbook.
3. An updating system should be clearly laid down for carrying out required
modification to the handbook.
4. The handbook may be completely or partially integrated into the quality

assurance handbooks of the organisation to be approved. In this case,
identification of the information required by CAR 21.A243 should be
provided by giving appropriate cross reference, and these documents should
be made available, on request, to the DGCA.
ACI 21.A265 (b)

Use of the Handbook (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.A265 (b)
1. The handbook should be signed by the Chief Executive and the Head of the
Design Organisation and declared as a binding instruction for all personnel
charged with the development and type investigation of products.
2. All procedures referenced in the handbook are considered as parts of the

handbook and therefore as basic working documents.
Relationship between design, design assurance and
Type Certification
Airworthiness Product
Requirements Specification
Design
Type
DESIGN ORGANISATION STSTEM

Investigation
Process Analysis
& Test
System Monitoring
Type Investigation
Show
Compliance
Declaration of
Compliance
CAR21.20 (b)
Acceptance by
the DGCA
Compliance
Type
Certification
Design Assurance System

Components
ACI – SUBPART JB
ACI 21.B231
Applicability (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21. B231
The CAR 21. describes procedures for approval of products and parts and appliances. It
has been considered that the approval of organisations will enhance the quality of the
work done for approval of products and of parts and appliances.
For Design Organisation Approval, two categories are defined –
1. JA: Type Certification or Supplemental Type Certification
2. JB: Design of parts and appliances.
1. Type Certification – Category JA. For Type Certification and for ITSO
Authorisation for articles listed in Appendix C, the applicant has specific
responsibility with regard to the demonstration of compliance with
applicable requirements and for that has direct relationship with the DGCA.
2. Design of parts and appliances – Category JB. Due to the complexity of

technology and design activities in the aeronautic field, organisations are very
often orientated to a specific kind of activities and form consortia to build
complete aircraft. It has been considered as useful to give Design Organisation
Approvals to such organisations to simplify the overall Design Organisation
Approval. A JB Design Organisation Approval is indeed the recognition of a
capability to design a part or appliance under a general Design Assurance System.
When this recognition has been done and is continuously surveyed by the DGCA,
it is not necessary to reassess completely an organisation when included in a
consortium or other industrial relationship. The integration in the system only may be
checked under the Design Organisation Approval of the TC applicant. This can be
considered as an advantage to avoid duplication of work in the field of Design
Organisation Approvals for both the applicant and the DGCA.
ACI 21.B233
See CAR 21.B233
The DGCA will normally agree that the following organisations are appropriate for
approval under this Subpart JB-
a. Organisations having a major share of the design responsibility for a

project
b. Organisations having competence to show compliance with requirements
in an area of specialised technology e.g. control computers, software.
ACI 21.B233 (continued)
c. Organisations having competence to show compliance with requirements

applicable to -
1. Major parts of a product such as –
- Landing gear
- Major systems
- Engine compressor module
2 Major items of equipment such as -
- Crew rest containers

- Galleys
The DGCA may not agree such an approval would be appropriate, where it finds the total
amount of work (of showing compliance), to be subcontracted to the Organisation by JA
Organisations, is too little to justify the DGCA workload required to investigate the
Organisations.
ACI 21.B239(a)
Design assurance System (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.B239 (a)
1 Purpose. This ACI outlines some basic principles and objectives in order to
comply with CAR 21.B239 (a).
2 Definitions
2.1 The Design Assurance System is the organisational structure,

responsibilities, procedures and resources to ensure the proper functioning
of the Design Organisation.
2.2 The Design Assurance is defined as all those planned and systematic
actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that the organisation has
the capability -
a. To design parts or appliances in accordance with the applicable

airworthiness requirements;
b. To assist in showing and verify the compliance with these
requirements; and
c. To make statements to the TC applicant/holder.
2.3 The “Type Investigation” means the tasks of the Organisation in support
of the Type Certificate necessary to assist in showing and verifying and in
maintaining compliance with the applicable airworthiness requirements.
ACI 21.B239(a) (continued)
3 Design Assurance. Effective Design Assurance demands a continuing evaluation

of factors that affect the adequacy of the design for intended applications, in
particular that the product, or part, complies with applicable airworthiness
requirements and will continue to comply after any change.
Two main aspects should therefore be considered-
1 How the planned and systematic actions are defined and implemented, from
the very beginning of design activities up to continued airworthiness
activities.
2 How these actions are regularly evaluated and corrective actions

implemented as necessary.
NOTE: Liaison with the DGCA regarding Type Investigation requires
the prior agreement of the TC applicant/holder.
3.1 Planned and Systematic Actions. For Design Organisations supporting Type
Investigation, the planned and systematic actions should cover the following
tasks and procedures that should be defined accordingly:
3.1.1 General
a. To issue or, where applicable, supplement or amend the Handbook in

accordance with CAR21.B243.
b. To assure that all instructions of the Handbook are adhered to.
c. To support Type Investigation.
d. To nominate individuals responsible for making statement to the TC

applicant /holder.
e. To nominate personnel belonging to the Office of Airworthiness

responsible as defined in paragraph 3.1.4.
f. (Reserved)
g. To ensure full and complete liaison between the Type Design Organisation
and related organisations having responsibility for parts and appliances
manufactured to the Type Certificate.
h. To provide the assurance to the TC holder that prototype models and test
specimens adequately conform to the Type Design (see CAR 21.33(c)(2)).
3.1.2 Head of Design Organisation (or his Deputy). The Head of the Design
Organisation is responsible to ensure that the statements made as defined
in paragraph 2.2 above meet the applicable airworthiness requirements. He
ensures that the procedures as specified in the handbook have been
followed. (See also ACI 21.B265 (b).)
3.1.3 (Reserved)
3.1.4 Office of Airworthiness
a. (Reserved).
b. Ensuring that handbook is prepared and updated as required in CAR

21.B243.
c. Co-operation with the TC applicant / holder in developing procedures to

be used for the Type Certification process.
d. Issuing of guidelines for documenting compliance.
e. Co-operation in issuing guidelines for the preparation of the manuals

required by the applicable CARs, Service Bulletins, drawings,
specifications, and standards.
f. Ensuring procurement and distribution of applicable airworthiness

requirements and other specifications.
g. Co-operating with the TC applicant / holder in proposing the Type

Certification basis including Special Conditions.
h. Interpretation of airworthiness requirements and requesting decisions of

the TC applicant / holder in case of doubt.
i. Advising of all departments of the design organisation in all questions

regarding airworthiness and certification.
j. Preparation of the Type Investigation programme and co-ordination of all

tasks related to Type Investigation in support of the TC applicant / holder.
k. (Reserved)
l. Ensuring co-operation in preparing test programmes needed for

demonstration of compliance.
m. (Reserved)
n. Checking that all statements are prepared as necessary to show compliance
with all airworthiness requirements.
o. (Reserved)
p. (Reserved)
q. Providing verification to the head of the Design Organisation that all

activities to support Type investigation have been properly completed.
r. (Reserved)
s. Monitoring of significant events on other aeronautical products as far as

relevant to determine their effect on airworthiness of parts and appliances
being designed by the Design Organisation.
t. Ensuring co-operation in preparing Service Bulletins, with special

attention being given to the manner in which the contents affect
airworthiness.
u. Ensuring the initiation of activities as a response to failure

(accident/incident/in-service experience) evaluation and complaints from
the operation and providing of information to the TC holder / applicant in
case of airworthiness impairment (continuing airworthiness).
v. (Reserved)
w. Ensuring that each of the manuals required by applicable CARs are

checked to determine that they meet the respective requirements.
3.1.5 Maintenance and Operating Instructions
a. Supporting the TC holder / applicant in the preparation and updating of all

maintenance and operating instructions (including Services Bulletins)
needed to maintain airworthiness (continuing airworthiness) in accordance
with relevant CARs.
b. (Reserved)
3.2 Continued Effectiveness of the Design Assurance System. The

Organisation should establish the means by which the continuing
evaluation (system monitoring) of the Design Assurance System will be
performed in order to ensure that it remains effective.
ACI 21.B239 (c)
See CAR 21.B239(c)
In meeting the requirements of CAR 21.B239(c) the applicant for a Design Organisation
Approval under Subpart JB may adopt the following policy:
1 The satisfactory integration of the Partner/Sub-contractor and applicant’s Design

Assurance Systems should be demonstrated for the activities covered under the
applicant’s Terms of Approval.
2 In the event that a Partner/Sub-contractor holds a Design Organisation Approval

(D.O.A.), then in accordance with CAR 21.B239(c), the applicant may take this
into account in demonstrating the effectiveness of this integrated system.
ACI 21.B239 (c) (continued)
3 When any Partner/Sub-contractor does not hold a D.O.A. then the applicant will
need to establish to its own satisfaction and the satisfaction of the DGCA, the
adequacy of that partner’s/sub-contractor’s Design Assurance System in
accordance with CAR 21.B243(b).
ACJ 21.B243 (a)

Data requirements (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.B243 (a)
The handbook should provide the following information –
1 A description of the tasks which can be performed under the approval,

according to the following classification:
a. General areas, like wings, fuselages, undercarriage, engine

turbines.
b. Technologies handled by the Organisation (composite, wood or

metallic construction, electronic systems etc.)
c. (Reserved)
2 A general description of the Organisation, its main departments, their

functions and the names of those in charge; a description of the line
management and of functional relationships between the various
departments
3 A description of assigned responsibilities and delegated authority of all parts

of the Organisation which, taken together, constitute the Organisation’s
Design Assurance System together with a chart indicating the functional and
hierarchical relationship of the Design Assurance System to Management
and to other parts of the Organisation; also the chains of responsibilities
within the Design Assurance System, and the control of the work of all
partners and sub-contractors.
4 A general description of the way in which the Organisation performs all the
design functions in relation to airworthiness including -
a. The procedures followed and forms used in the Type investigation

process to ensure that the design of, or the change to the design of,
parts or appliances, as applicable is identified and documented, and
complies with the product designer’s specification (which shall cover
applicable airworthiness requirements).
b. (Reserved)
5 A general description of the way in which the Organisation performs its

function in relation to the continuing airworthiness of a part or appliance it
designs, including co-operation with the production organisation when
dealing with any continuing airworthiness actions that are related to
production of the product, part or appliance, as applicable.
ACJ 21.B243 (a) (continued)
6 A description of the human resources, facilities and equipment, which

constitutes the means for design, and where appropriate, for ground and
flight testing.
7 An outline of a system for controlling and informing the Staff of the

Organisation of current changes in engineering drawings, specifications and
design assurance procedures.
8 (Reserved)
9 A description of the archives policy system.
10 (Reserved)
11 The names of the Design Organisation authorised signatories. Nominated

persons with specific responsibilities such as mentioned in CAR 21.33 and
21.35 should be listed.
12 (Reserved)
13 A clear definition of the tasks, competence and areas of responsibility of the

Office of Airworthiness.
14 (Reserved)
15 A description of the means by which the continuing evaluation (system

monitoring) of the Design Control System will be performed in order to
ACI 21.B245
Requirements for Approval (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.B245
1 General. The data submitted in accordance with CAR 21.B243 should show
that sufficient skilled personnel are available and suitable technical and
organisational provisions have been made for supporting the Type
Investigation defined by ACI 21.A239, sub-paragraph 2 and 3.
2 Personnel. The applicant should show that the personnel available to comply
with CAR 21.B245 (a), are, due to their special qualifications and number,
able to provide assurance of the design or modification of a part or appliance
as well as the compilation of all data needed to meet the applicable
airworthiness requirements while taking into account the present state of the
art and new experience.
3 Technical. The applicant should have access to -
a. Workshops and production facilities which are suitable for

manufacturing prototype models and test specimens.
b. Accommodation and test facilities, which are suitable for carrying out
tests and measurements, needed to demonstrate compliance with the
airworthiness requirements. The test facilities may be subjected to
additional technical conditions related to the nature of tests
performed.
4 Organisation. The data submitted in accordance with CAR 21.B243 should

show that -
4.1 The Head of the Design Organisation for which an application for
approval has been made, has the direct or functional responsibility for
all departments of the Organisation which are responsible for the part
or appliance. If the departments responsible for design are
functionally linked, the Head of the Design Organisation still carries
the ultimate responsibility for compliance of the Organisation with
CAR-21 Subpart JB.
4.2 An Office of Airworthiness has been established and staffed on a
permanent basis to act as the focal point for co-ordinating
airworthiness matters (see ACI 21.B239 paragraph 3.1.4); it reports
directly to the Head of the Design Organisation or is integrated into
an independent quality assurance organisation reporting to the Head
of the Design Organisation.
4.3 (Reserved)
4.4 Responsibility for all tasks which support Type Investigation are
assigned in such a way that gaps in authority are excluded.
4.5 The responsibility for a number of tasks as in sub-paragraph, 4.4.

may be assigned to one person especially in the case of simple
projects.
ACI 21.B249
Transferability (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.B249
Transfer of the approval would normally only be agreed in cases where the
Organisation itself remains substantially unchanged.
An acceptable transfer situation could be for example a change of company name

but with no changes to site address or Chief Executive. However, if the same legal
entity were to relocate to new premises with a new Chief Executive and/or new
departmental heads, then a substantial investigation by the DGCA would be
necessary such that the change would be classified as a reapproval.
In the event of receivership there may be good technical justification for

continuation of the approval provided that the company continues to function in a
satisfactory manner. It is likely that at a later stage the approval might be
surrendered by the receiver or transferred to another legal entity in which case the
former paragraphs apply.
ACI 21.B251
Terms of Approval (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.B251
1 The Terms of Approval are stated on the Certificate of Approval issued by

the DGCA. The certificate states the scope of work with the appropriate
limitations for which the approval has been granted.
2 Approval of a change in the Terms of Approval in accordance with CAR
21.B253 will be confirmed by an appropriate amendment of the Certificate of
Approval.
3 The certificate references the handbook of the approved Design

Organisation, provided in accordance with AR 21.B243. This handbook
defines the tasks which may be performed under the approval.
4 Scopes of work are, for example, “wings” “fuselages” “undercarriages”

“engine turbines” Technologies are quoted in the scope of work when it is
considered by the DGCA as a limitation for the Design Organisation
Approval.
ACI 21.B265 (a)

Administration of the Handbook (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.B265 (a)
1 The Handbook of the Applicant should be in English.
2 The Handbook should be produced in a concise form with sufficient

information to meet CAR 21.B243 relevant to the scope of approval sought
by the applicant. The Handbook should include the following:
a. Organisation name, address, telephone, telex, facsimile numbers and

e-mail address.
b. Document title, and company document reference No (if

any)
c. Amendment or revision standard identification for the

document
d. Amendment or revision record sheet
e. List of effective pages with revision/date/amendment identification for

each page.
f. Contents list or index.
g. A distribution list for the Handbook.

ACI 21.B265 (a) (continued)
h. An introduction, or foreword, explaining the purpose of the document

for the guidance of the organisation’s own personnel. Brief general
information concerning the history and development of the
organisation and, if appropriate, relationships with other
organisations which may form part of a group or consortium, should
be included to provide background information for the DGCA
i. The DGCA Certificate of Approval should be reproduced in the document.
j. Identification of the department responsible for administration of the

Handbook.
Note: In the case of an initial or revised approval it is recongnised that

certificate will be issued after DGCA agreement to the Handbook
content in draft form. Arrangements for formal publication in a
timely manner must be agreed before the certificate of approval is
issued.
3 An updating system should be clearly laid down for carrying out required
amendments and modifications to the handbook.
4 The handbook may be completely or partially integrated into the quality

assurance handbooks of the organisation to be approved. In this case,
identification of the information required by CAR 21.B243 should be
provided by giving appropriate cross references, and these documents should
be made available, on request to the DGCA
ACI 21.B265 (b)

Use of the Handbook (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.B265 (b)
1 The handbook should be signed by the Chief Executive and the Head of the
Design Organisation and declared as a binding instruction for all personnel
charged with the development and type investigation of products.
2 All procedures referenced in the handbook are considered as parts of the

handbook and therefore as basic working documents.
ACI – SUBPART K
ACI 21.307 (a)

Airworthiness Release (Interpretative Material)
See CAR 21.307 (a)
Airworthiness release for a new part or appliance means certifying that the part or
appliance conforms to approved design data and is in condition for safe operation.
ACI – SUBPART L
ACI 21.331 (a)(2) (Interpretive Material)

Use of Authorised Document for Export – Additional Requirement for Import
See CAR 21.331 (a)(2)
For engines and propellers, normally the importing authority requires an additional
endorsement certifying specific compliance with import requirements (see ACI
21.163(b), item 3 Block 13)
For the parts and appliances, except when there is a special notification from the
importing country, no additional certification wording is needed and the intent of
the requirement is met when the parts are shipped with Authorised Released
Certificate (DGCA Form 21-1) issue for airworthiness stating the parts were
manufactured in conformity with approved design data and are in condition for safe
operation.
ACI – SUBPART 0
ACI 21.608
Declaration of Design and Performance (Acceptable Means of Compliance)
See CAR 21.608
STANDARD FORM
DDP NO. ………………………………..
ISSUE NO. ……………………………….
1 Name and address of manufacturer.
2 Description and identification of article including:-
Type No. ………………………..

Modification Standard
Master drawing record
Weight and overall dimensions
3 Specification reference, i.e., CAR-ITSO No. Manufacturer’s design

specification.
4 The rated performance of the article directly or by reference to other documents.
5 Particulars of approvals held for the equipment.
6 Reference to qualification test report.
7 Service and Instruction Manual reference number.
8 Statement of compliance with appropriate CAR-ITSO and any deviations

therefrom.
9 A statement of the level of compliance with the CAR-ITSO in respect of the

ability of the article to withstand various ambient conditions or to exhibit various
properties.
The following are examples of information to be given under this heading depending on
the nature of the article and the requirements of the CAR-ITSO.
a. Working and ultimate pressure or loads.

b. Limitations of voltage and frequency.
c. Time rating (e.g. continuous, intermittent) or duty cycle.
d. Limits of accuracy of measuring instruments.
e. Whether the equipment is “flameproof” (explosion-proof).
f. Whether the equipment is “fire-resistant”.
g. The Compass safe distance.
h. Level of radio interference.
j. Radio and audio frequency susceptibility.

k. Degree of vibration which the equipment will withstand.
l. Degree of acceleration and shock which the equipment will withstand.
m. Degree of waterproofness or sealing of equipment.
n. Ability to withstand sand and dust
o. Ability to resist salt spray and aircraft fluids.
p. Fungus resistance.
q. Temperature and altitude category.
r. Humidity category.
s. Any other known limitations which may limit the application in the
aircraft e.g. restrictions in mounting attitude.
(NOTE : The “categories” referred to are those listed in the current issue of EUROCAE
ED-14/RTCA document DO-160).
10 A statement of criticality of software.
(NOTE : Software levels are those defined in the current issue of EUROCAE ED-
12B/RTCA document DO-178B.)
11 The declaration in this document is made under the authority of
…………………………………………………………………….. (name of
manufacturer)
(Manufacturer’s name) cannot accept responsibility for equipment used outside the
limiting conditions stated above without their agreement.
Date: ……………………………………. Signed …………………………………………

(Manufacturer’s authorised representative)

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CAR 21

CONTENTS (General Layout)

CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR AIRCRAFT AND RELATED

SUBPART B - TYPE CERTIFICATES

SUBPART D - CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATE

SUBPART G - PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL FOR

SUBPART H - CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS

SUBPART JA - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL – PRODUCTS

SUBPART JB - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL – PARTS AND

SUBPART K - PARTS AND APPLIANCES

SUBPART L - EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS

SUBPART O - INDIAN TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER

SUBPART Q - IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND

SECTION-2: ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE (ACI)

CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR AIRCRAFT AND RELATED

General and Presentation

CAR 21.1 Applicability

SUBPART B - TYPE CERTIFICATES

CAR 21.11 Applicability

SUBPART D - CHANGES TO THE TYPE CERTIFICATE

SUBPART E-SUPPLEMENTAL TYPE CERTIFICATES

SUBPART G-PRODUCTION ORGANISATION APPROVAL FOR

SUBPART H – CERTIFICATES OF AIRWORTHINESS

SUBPART JB - DESIGN ORGANISATION APPROVAL –

SUBPART K - PARTS AND APPLIANCES

SUBPART L - EXPORT AIRWORTHINESS APPROVALS

SUBPART N - IMPORTED PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES, AND

SUBPART Q - IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS, PARTS AND APPLIANCES

SECTION 2 ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE AND

CAR 21.1 Applicability

(a) (1) This CAR-21 prescribes:

(i) Procedural requirements for the issue of Type Certificates and

(ii) Procedural requirements for the approval of certain parts and

(iii) Procedural requirements for the approval of organisations for the

(iv) Rules governing the holders of any certificate or approval specified

(2) Except as otherwise specified, where this CAR-21 refers to a certificate or

(i) Subparts G and H may also be used for production of products,

(b) This CAR-21 becomes effective on 1 January 2004. Where a specific

CAR 21.2 Definitions and associated procedures

(f) “Demonstrate”, unless otherwise stated, means demonstrate to the DGCA.

(g) Mandatory Clauses -

use “shall”, and are referred to as a “regulation”, where they are an

CAR 21.3 Failures, malfunctions and defects

The holder of a Type Certificate or Supplemental Type Certificate, shall have a

(b) Reporting to the DGCA.

(1) The holder of a Type Certificate, Supplemental Type Certificate, or Indian

(c) Investigation of Reportable Occurrences.

(d) Required Action - Design Change or Inspection.

(2) Following the DGCA’s approval of the proposed design changes or

Each holder of a Type Certificate or ITSO Authorisation, approval of a change to the

CAR 21.11 Applicability

This Subpart prescribes –

(b) Rules governing the holders of those certificates.

CAR 21.13 Eligibility

CAR 21.15 Application for a Type Certificate

(b) An application for an aircraft Type Certificate must be accompanied by a three-

(c) An application for an aircraft engine, or propeller Type Certificate must be

CAR 21.16 Special Conditions

(2) The intended use of the products is unconventional; or

CAR 21.17 Designation of applicable requirements

(i) Other wise specified by the DGCA; or

(ii) Compliance with later effective amendments is elected or required

Without prejudice to other provisions of national laws applicable in the absence of a